On Tue, Dec 2, 2025 at 3:51 AM Patrick Palka <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> On Wed, 26 Nov 2025, Yuao Ma wrote:
>
> > Hello world,
> >
> > This patch adds constexpr support to flat_map and flat_multiset in
> > accordance with P3372R3. I have also added test cases to verify the
> > new constexpr functionality.
> > Tested on x86_64-linux.
> > Please take a look when you have time. Thanks!
>
> Thanks for the patch!
>
> > Subject: [PATCH] libstdc++: constexpr flat_set and flat_multiset
> >
> > This patch makes flat_map and flat_multiset constexpr as part of P3372R3.
>
> s/flat_map/flat_set
>

Oops, fixed.

> >
> > libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:
> >
> >       * include/bits/version.def: Add FTM.
> >       * include/bits/version.h: Regenerate.
> >       * include/std/flat_set: Add constexpr.
> >       * testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc: New test.
> >       * testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc: New test.
> > ---
> >  libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def         |   9 +
> >  libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h           |  10 +
> >  libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set             | 103 ++++++-
> >  .../23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc  | 239 +++++++++++++++++
> >  .../23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc       | 253 ++++++++++++++++++
> >  5 files changed, 611 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> >  create mode 100644 
> > libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
> >  create mode 100644 
> > libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc
> >
> > diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def 
> > b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
> > index 1fde9eef9d3..93965e914d5 100644
> > --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
> > +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
> > @@ -1347,6 +1347,15 @@ ftms = {
> >    };
> >  };
> >
> > +ftms = {
> > +  name = constexpr_flat_set;
> > +  values = {
> > +    v = 202502;
> > +    cxxmin = 26;
> > +    hosted = yes;
>
> why hosted? flat_set isn't hosted IIRC
>

That's indeed my negligence. Fixed.


> What do people think of supporting this as an extension in C++23 mode?
> That way we could just specify constexpr instead of the ugly
> _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR.
>

I agree with Tomasz that this should be implemented for C++26. This
feature has its own specific test macro indicating it belongs to
C++26, so implementing it for C++23 would be kind of contradictory.

> > +  };
> > +};
> > +
> >  ftms = {
> >    name = constexpr_string;
> >    values = {
> > diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h 
> > b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
> > index 2ebc48b234b..dce8351b7d6 100644
> > --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
> > +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
> > @@ -1495,6 +1495,16 @@
> >  #endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc) */
> >  #undef __glibcxx_want_constexpr_dynamic_alloc
> >
> > +#if !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set)
> > +# if (__cplusplus >  202302L) && _GLIBCXX_HOSTED
> > +#  define __glibcxx_constexpr_flat_set 202502L
> > +#  if defined(__glibcxx_want_all) || 
> > defined(__glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set)
> > +#   define __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set 202502L
> > +#  endif
> > +# endif
> > +#endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set) */
> > +#undef __glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set
> > +
> >  #if !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string)
> >  # if (__cplusplus >= 202002L) && _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI && _GLIBCXX_HOSTED 
> > && (defined(__glibcxx_is_constant_evaluated))
> >  #  define __glibcxx_constexpr_string 201907L
> > diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set 
> > b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
> > index c48340d7980..3a1f5ba10da 100644
> > --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
> > +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
> > @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
> >  #pragma GCC system_header
> >  #endif
> >
> > +#define __glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set
> >  #define __glibcxx_want_flat_set
> >  #include <bits/version.h>
> >
> > @@ -100,50 +101,60 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        {
> >       container_type* _M_cont;
> >
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _ClearGuard(container_type& __cont)
> >       : _M_cont(std::__addressof(__cont))
> >       { }
> >
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       ~_ClearGuard()
> >       {
> >         if (_M_cont)
> >           _M_cont->clear();
> >       }
> >
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       void
> >       _M_disable()
> >       { _M_cont = nullptr; }
> >        };
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _ClearGuard
> >        _M_make_clear_guard()
> >        { return _ClearGuard{this->_M_cont}; }
> >
> >      public:
> >        // constructors
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Flat_set_impl() : _Flat_set_impl(key_compare()) { }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        explicit
> >        _Flat_set_impl(const key_compare& __comp)
> >        : _M_cont(), _M_comp(__comp)
> >        { }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Flat_set_impl(container_type __cont, const key_compare& __comp = 
> > key_compare())
> >        : _M_cont(std::move(__cont)), _M_comp(__comp)
> >        { _M_sort_uniq(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t,
> >                    container_type __cont, const key_compare& __comp = 
> > key_compare())
> >        : _M_cont(std::move(__cont)), _M_comp(__comp)
> >        { _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(ranges::is_sorted(_M_cont, _M_comp)); }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
> >       : _M_cont(), _M_comp(__comp)
> >       { insert(__first, __last); }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                      _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
> > @@ -151,20 +162,24 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { insert(__s, __first, __last); }
> >
> >        template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(from_range, std::forward<_Rg>(__rg), key_compare())
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg, const key_compare& __comp)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(__comp)
> >       { insert_range(std::forward<_Rg>(__rg)); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                    const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
> >        : _Flat_set_impl(__il.begin(), __il.end(), __comp)
> >        { }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                    initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                    const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
> > @@ -174,23 +189,27 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        // constructors with allocators
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       explicit
> >       _Flat_set_impl(const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(key_compare(), __a)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(const key_compare& __comp, const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a)),
> >         _M_comp(__comp)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(const container_type& __cont, const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(__cont, key_compare(), __a)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(const container_type& __cont, const key_compare& 
> > __comp,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, __cont)),
> > @@ -198,11 +217,13 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { _M_sort_uniq(); }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s, const container_type& __cont, const 
> > _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(__s, __cont, key_compare(), __a)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t, const container_type& __cont, const 
> > key_compare& __comp,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, __cont)),
> > @@ -210,24 +231,28 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(ranges::is_sorted(_M_cont, _M_comp)); }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(const _Derived& __x, const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, 
> > __x._M_cont)),
> >         _M_comp(__x._M_comp)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(_Derived&& __x, const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, 
> > std::move(__x._M_cont))),
> >         _M_comp(__x._M_comp)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
> > __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(std::move(__first), std::move(__last), 
> > key_compare(), __a)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
> > __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> > @@ -235,6 +260,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { insert(__first, __last); }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
> > __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                      _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> > @@ -242,6 +268,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
> > __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                      _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp,
> > @@ -251,6 +278,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >
> >        template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg,
> >              __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(from_range, std::forward<_Rg>(__rg), key_compare(), 
> > __a)
> > @@ -258,6 +286,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >
> >        template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg,
> >              __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> > @@ -265,12 +294,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { insert_range(std::forward<_Rg>(__rg)); }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(__il, key_compare(), __a)
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> > @@ -278,6 +309,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                      initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                      const _Alloc& __a)
> > @@ -285,6 +317,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       { }
> >
> >        template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
> >                      initializer_list<value_type> __il,
> >                      const key_compare& __comp,
> > @@ -292,6 +325,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       : _Flat_set_impl(__s, __il.begin(), __il.end(), __comp, __a)
> >       { }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        _Derived&
> >        operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __il)
> >        {
> > @@ -303,54 +337,66 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        }
> >
> >        // iterators
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        begin() const noexcept
> >        { return _M_cont.begin(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        end() const noexcept
> >        { return _M_cont.end(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_reverse_iterator
> >        rbegin() const noexcept
> >        { return const_reverse_iterator(end()); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_reverse_iterator
> >        rend() const noexcept
> >        { return const_reverse_iterator(begin()); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        cbegin() const noexcept
> >        { return begin(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        cend() const noexcept
> >        { return end(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_reverse_iterator
> >        crbegin() const noexcept
> >        { return rbegin(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_reverse_iterator
> >        crend() const noexcept
> >        { return rend(); }
> >
> >        // capacity
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        bool
> >        empty() const noexcept
> >        { return _M_cont.empty(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        size_type
> >        size() const noexcept
> >        { return _M_cont.size(); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        size_type
> >        max_size() const noexcept
> >        { return _M_cont.max_size(); }
> >
> >        // modifiers
> >        template<typename _Arg, typename... _Args>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       pair<iterator, bool>
> >       _M_try_emplace(optional<const_iterator> __hint, _Arg&& __arg, 
> > _Args&&... __args)
> >       {
> > @@ -410,12 +456,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        template<typename... _Args>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       pair<iterator, bool>
> >       _M_try_emplace(optional<const_iterator> __hint)
> >       { return _M_try_emplace(__hint, value_type()); }
> >
> >        template<typename... _Args>
> >       requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Args...>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       __emplace_result_t
> >       emplace(_Args&&... __args)
> >       {
> > @@ -427,39 +475,47 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        template<typename... _Args>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       iterator
> >       emplace_hint(const_iterator __position, _Args&&... __args)
> >       { return _M_try_emplace(__position, 
> > std::forward<_Args>(__args)...).first; }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        __emplace_result_t
> >        insert(const value_type& __x)
> >        { return emplace(__x); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        __emplace_result_t
> >        insert(value_type&& __x)
> >        { return emplace(std::move(__x)); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        insert(const_iterator __position, const value_type& __x)
> >        { return emplace_hint(__position, __x); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        insert(const_iterator __position, value_type&& __x)
> >        { return emplace_hint(__position, std::move(__x)); }
> >
> >        template<typename _Arg>
> >       requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Arg>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       __emplace_result_t
> >       insert(_Arg&& __x)
> >       { return emplace(std::forward<_Arg>(__x)); }
> >
> >        template<typename _Arg>
> >       requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Arg>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       iterator
> >       insert(const_iterator __position, _Arg&& __x)
> >       { return emplace_hint(__position, std::forward<_Arg>(__x)); }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       void
> >       insert(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
> >       {
> > @@ -473,6 +529,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       void
> >       insert(__sorted_t, _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
> >       {
> > @@ -485,6 +542,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       void
> >       insert_range(_Rg&& __rg)
> >       {
> > @@ -511,14 +569,17 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >         __guard._M_disable();
> >       }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        insert(initializer_list<value_type> __il)
> >        { insert(__il.begin(), __il.end()); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        insert(__sorted_t __s, initializer_list<value_type> __il)
> >        { insert(__s, __il.begin(), __il.end()); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        container_type
> >        extract() &&
> >        {
> > @@ -526,6 +587,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       return std::move(_M_cont);
> >        }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        replace(container_type&& __cont)
> >        {
> > @@ -535,10 +597,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       __guard._M_disable();
> >        }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        erase(const_iterator __position)
> >        { return _M_cont.erase(__position); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        size_type
> >        erase(const key_type& __x)
> >        { return erase<const key_type&>(__x); }
> > @@ -548,6 +612,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >         || (__transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >             && !is_convertible_v<_Key2, iterator>
> >             && !is_convertible_v<_Key2, const_iterator>)
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       size_type
> >       erase(_Key2&& __x)
> >       {
> > @@ -557,10 +622,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >         return __n;
> >       }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        erase(const_iterator __first, const_iterator __last)
> >        { return _M_cont.erase(__first, __last); }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        swap(_Derived& __x) noexcept
> >        {
> > @@ -569,28 +636,33 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       swap(_M_comp, __x._M_comp);
> >        }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        clear() noexcept
> >        { _M_cont.clear(); }
> >
> >        // observers
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        key_compare
> >        key_comp() const
> >        { return _M_comp; }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        value_compare
> >        value_comp() const
> >        { return _M_comp; }
> >
> >        // set operations
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        find(const key_type& __x)
> >        { return find<key_type>(__x); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        find(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return find<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -598,6 +670,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       iterator
> >       find(const _Key2& __x)
> >       {
> > @@ -611,6 +684,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       const_iterator
> >       find(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       {
> > @@ -622,6 +696,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        size_type
> >        count(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return count<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -629,6 +704,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       size_type
> >       count(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       {
> > @@ -642,6 +718,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >       }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        bool
> >        contains(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return contains<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -649,16 +726,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       bool
> >       contains(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       { return find(__x) != cend(); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        lower_bound(const key_type& __x)
> >        { return lower_bound<key_type>(__x); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        lower_bound(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return lower_bound<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -666,6 +746,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       iterator
> >       lower_bound(const _Key2& __x)
> >       { return std::lower_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> > @@ -673,16 +754,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       const_iterator
> >       lower_bound(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       { return std::lower_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        iterator
> >        upper_bound(const key_type& __x)
> >        { return upper_bound<key_type>(__x); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        const_iterator
> >        upper_bound(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return upper_bound<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -690,6 +774,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       iterator
> >       upper_bound(const _Key2& __x)
> >       { return std::upper_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> > @@ -697,16 +782,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       const_iterator
> >       upper_bound(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       { return std::upper_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        pair<iterator, iterator>
> >        equal_range(const key_type& __x)
> >        { return equal_range<key_type>(__x); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
> >        equal_range(const key_type& __x) const
> >        { return equal_range<key_type>(__x); }
> > @@ -714,6 +802,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       pair<iterator, iterator>
> >       equal_range(const _Key2& __x)
> >       { return std::equal_range(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> > @@ -721,18 +810,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        template<typename _Key2>
> >       requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
> >       equal_range(const _Key2& __x) const
> >       { return std::equal_range(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
> >
> >        [[nodiscard]]
> > -      friend bool
> > +      friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR bool
> >        operator==(const _Derived& __x, const _Derived& __y)
> >        { return std::equal(__x.begin(), __x.end(), __y.begin(), __y.end()); 
> > }
> >
> >        template<typename _Up = value_type>
> >       [[nodiscard]]
> > -     friend __detail::__synth3way_t<_Up>
> > +     friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR __detail::__synth3way_t<_Up>
> >       operator<=>(const _Derived& __x, const _Derived& __y)
> >       {
> >         return std::lexicographical_compare_three_way(__x.begin(), 
> > __x.end(),
> > @@ -740,11 +830,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >                                                       
> > __detail::__synth3way);
> >       }
> >
> > -      friend void
> > +      friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR void
> >        swap(_Derived& __x, _Derived& __y) noexcept
> >        { return __x.swap(__y); }
> >
> >        template<typename _Predicate>
> > +     _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >       size_type
> >       _M_erase_if(_Predicate __pred)
> >       {
> > @@ -762,6 +853,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >        container_type _M_cont;
> >        [[no_unique_address]] _Compare _M_comp;
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        _M_sort_uniq()
> >        {
> > @@ -770,13 +862,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >         _M_unique();
> >        }
> >
> > +      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >        void
> >        _M_unique() requires (!_Multi)
> >        {
> >       struct __key_equiv
> >       {
> > +       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >         __key_equiv(key_compare __c) : _M_comp(__c) { }
> >
> > +       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >         bool
> >         operator()(const_reference __x, const_reference __y) const
> >         { return !_M_comp(__x, __y) && !_M_comp(__y, __x); }
> > @@ -934,6 +1029,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >
> >    template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _KeyContainer,
> >          typename _Predicate>
> > +    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >      typename flat_set<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>::size_type
> >      erase_if(flat_set<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>& __c, _Predicate 
> > __pred)
> >      { return __c._M_erase_if(std::move(__pred)); }
> > @@ -1081,6 +1177,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> >
> >    template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _KeyContainer,
> >          typename _Predicate>
> > +    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
> >      typename flat_multiset<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>::size_type
> >      erase_if(flat_multiset<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>& __c, _Predicate 
> > __pred)
> >      { return __c._M_erase_if(std::move(__pred)); }
> > diff --git 
> > a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc 
> > b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 00000000000..860b7660809
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
> > @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
> > +// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
>
> I'd expect constexpr tests to be compile-only.
>

Fixed.

> Besides that looks good! Thanks for the comprehensive tests.
>

Thank you for the review! If there are no further objections, I plan
to commit the patch this weekend.

> > +
> > +#include <flat_set>
> > +#include <ranges>
> > +#include <vector>
> > +
> > +#include <testsuite_allocator.h>
> > +#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
> > +
> > +template <template <class> class Sequence> constexpr void test01() {
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, Sequence<int>> m;
> > +  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
> > +
> > +  m.insert(1);
> > +  m.insert(2);
> > +  m.insert(3);
> > +  m.insert(1);
> > +  m.insert(2);
> > +  m.insert(3);
> > +  m.insert(0);
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 7);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3}));
> > +
> > +  m.clear();
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 0);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 1);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 2);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 3);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 1);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 2);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 3);
> > +  m.insert(m.begin(), 0);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3}));
> > +
> > +  m.clear();
> > +  m = {10, 10};
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 2);
> > +  m.insert({11, 12, 11});
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 5);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test02() {
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int, std::greater<int>> m;
> > +  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
> > +
> > +  auto r = m.insert(1);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 1);
> > +  r = m.insert(2);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 2);
> > +  r = m.insert(3);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 3);
> > +  r = m.insert(1);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 1);
> > +  r = m.insert(2);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 2);
> > +  r = m.insert(3);
> > +  VERIFY(*r == 3);
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 6);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1}));
> > +
> > +  VERIFY(m.contains(3) && !m.contains(7));
> > +  VERIFY(m.count(3) == 2);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test03() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int> m;
> > +  m = {1, 3, 5};
> > +  m.insert({7, 9});
> > +
> > +  auto it = m.find(0);
> > +  VERIFY(it == m.end());
> > +  it = m.find(9);
> > +  VERIFY(it == m.end() - 1);
> > +
> > +  const auto n = m;
> > +  VERIFY(m == m);
> > +  VERIFY(m == n);
> > +
> > +  m.erase(m.begin());
> > +  m.erase(5);
> > +  m.erase(m.end() - 2, m.end());
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3}));
> > +  VERIFY(m != n);
> > +  VERIFY(n < m);
> > +
> > +  m = n;
> > +  erase_if(m, [](const auto &k) { return k < 5 || k > 5; });
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){5}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test04() {
> > +  using vector = std::vector<int, __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>>;
> > +  vector v = {1, 2, 3};
> > +  __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int> alloc(42);
> > +
> > +  using flat_multiset = std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, vector>;
> > +  flat_multiset m1(alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m1).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  flat_multiset m2(v, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m2).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  flat_multiset m3(std::sorted_equivalent_t{}, v, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m3).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(43);
> > +  flat_multiset m4(m3, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m4).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 43);
> > +
> > +  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(44);
> > +  flat_multiset m5(std::move(m4), alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m5).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 44);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test05() {
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int> s;
> > +  auto r = std::views::iota(1) | std::views::take(5);
> > +  static_assert(!std::ranges::common_range<decltype(r)>);
> > +  s.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +  s.clear();
> > +  s.insert_range(r | std::views::reverse);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +template <typename T> struct NoInsertRange : std::vector<T> {
> > +  using std::vector<T>::vector;
> > +
> > +  template <typename It, typename R>
> > +  void insert_range(typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator, R &&) = 
> > delete;
> > +};
> > +
> > +struct NoCatIterator {
> > +  using difference_type = int;
> > +  using value_type = int;
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator() : v(0) {}
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator(int x) : v(x) {}
> > +
> > +  constexpr int operator*() const { return v; }
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator &operator++() {
> > +    ++v;
> > +    return *this;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator operator++(int) {
> > +    ++v;
> > +    return NoCatIterator(v - 1);
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  constexpr bool operator==(const NoCatIterator &rhs) const {
> > +    return v == rhs.v;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +private:
> > +  int v;
> > +};
> > +
> > +template <> struct std::iterator_traits<NoCatIterator> {
> > +  using difference_type = int;
> > +  using value_type = int;
> > +  using iterator_concept = std::input_iterator_tag;
> > +};
> > +
> > +constexpr void test06() {
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int> s;
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, NoInsertRange<int>> s2;
> > +
> > +  auto r = std::ranges::subrange<NoCatIterator>(1, 6);
> > +  s.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +  s2.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +
> > +#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
> > +  auto r2 = std::views::iota(__int128(1), __int128(6));
> > +  s.clear();
> > +  s.insert_range(r2);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +
> > +  s2.clear();
> > +  s2.insert_range(r2);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +#endif
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test07() {
> > +  int copy_counter = 0;
> > +
> > +  struct A {
> > +    int *counter;
> > +    constexpr A(int &c) : counter(&c) {}
> > +
> > +    constexpr A(const A &other) : counter(other.counter) { ++(*counter); }
> > +
> > +    constexpr A &operator=(const A &other) {
> > +      counter = other.counter;
> > +      ++(*counter);
> > +      return *this;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    constexpr auto operator<=>(const A &) const = default;
> > +  };
> > +
> > +  std::vector<A> v;
> > +  v.reserve(2);
> > +  std::flat_multiset<A> s(std::move(v));
> > +  A a(copy_counter);
> > +  s.emplace(a);
> > +  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
> > +  s.emplace(a);
> > +  VERIFY(copy_counter == 2);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test08() {
> > +  std::flat_multiset<int> s = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5};
> > +  auto n = std::erase_if(s, [](int x) { return x % 2 != 0; });
> > +  VERIFY(n == 4);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){2, 2, 4}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr bool test() {
> > +  test01<std::vector>();
> > +  test02();
> > +  test03();
> > +  test04();
> > +  test05();
> > +  test06();
> > +  test07();
> > +  test08();
> > +  return true;
> > +}
> > +
> > +int main() {
> > +  VERIFY(test());
> > +  static_assert(test());
> > +  return 0;
> > +}
> > diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc 
> > b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 00000000000..a5291e7a26f
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc
> > @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
> > +// { dg-do run { target c++26 } }
> > +
> > +#include <flat_set>
> > +#include <ranges>
> > +#include <vector>
> > +
> > +#include <testsuite_allocator.h>
> > +#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
> > +
> > +#if __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set != 202502L
> > +#error "Feature-test macro __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set has wrong value in 
> > <flat_set>"
> > +#endif
> > +
> > +template <template <typename> class KeyContainer> constexpr void test01() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, KeyContainer<int>> m;
> > +  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
> > +
> > +  m.insert(1);
> > +  m.insert(2);
> > +  m.insert(3);
> > +  m.insert(1);
> > +  m.insert(2);
> > +  m.insert(3);
> > +  m.insert(0);
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 4);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 2, 3}));
> > +
> > +  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
> > +    m.clear();
> > +    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 0) % 4);
> > +    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 1) % 4);
> > +    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 2) % 4);
> > +    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 3) % 4);
> > +    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 1);
> > +    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 2);
> > +    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 3);
> > +    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 0);
> > +    VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 2, 3}));
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  m.clear();
> > +  m = {10, 10};
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 1);
> > +  m.insert({11, 12, 11});
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 3);
> > +  VERIFY(m.end()[-1] == 12);
> > +
> > +  auto m_copy = m;
> > +  VERIFY(m_copy == m);
> > +  m_copy.operator=({12, 11, 10});
> > +  VERIFY(m_copy == m);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test02() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int, std::greater<int>> m;
> > +  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
> > +
> > +  auto r = m.insert(1);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 1 && r.second);
> > +  r = m.insert(2);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 2 && r.second);
> > +  r = m.insert(3);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 3 && r.second);
> > +  r = m.insert(1);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 1 && !r.second);
> > +  r = m.insert(2);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 2 && !r.second);
> > +  r = m.insert(3);
> > +  VERIFY(*r.first == 3 && !r.second);
> > +  m.insert(0);
> > +  VERIFY(m.size() == 4);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3, 2, 1, 0}));
> > +
> > +  VERIFY(m.contains(3) && !m.contains(7));
> > +  VERIFY(m.count(3) == 1);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test03() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int> m;
> > +  m = {1, 3, 5};
> > +  m.insert({7, 9});
> > +
> > +  auto it = m.find(0);
> > +  VERIFY(it == m.end());
> > +  it = m.find(9);
> > +  VERIFY(it == m.end() - 1);
> > +
> > +  const auto n = m;
> > +  VERIFY(m == m);
> > +  VERIFY(m == n);
> > +
> > +  m.erase(m.begin());
> > +  m.erase(5);
> > +  m.erase(m.end() - 2, m.end());
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3}));
> > +  VERIFY(m != n);
> > +  VERIFY(n < m);
> > +
> > +  m = n;
> > +  erase_if(m, [](const auto &k) { return k < 5 || k > 5; });
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){5}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test04() {
> > +  using vector = std::vector<int, __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>>;
> > +  vector v = {1, 2, 3};
> > +  __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int> alloc(42);
> > +
> > +  using flat_set = std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, vector>;
> > +  flat_set m1(alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m1).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  flat_set m2(v, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m2).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  flat_set m3(std::sorted_unique_t{}, v, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m3).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
> > +
> > +  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(43);
> > +  flat_set m4(m3, alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m4).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 43);
> > +
> > +  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(44);
> > +  flat_set m5(std::move(m4), alloc);
> > +  VERIFY(std::move(m5).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 44);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test05() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int> s;
> > +  auto r = std::views::iota(1) | std::views::take(5);
> > +  static_assert(!std::ranges::common_range<decltype(r)>);
> > +  s.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +  s.clear();
> > +  s.insert_range(r | std::views::reverse);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +template <typename T> struct NoInsertRange : std::vector<T> {
> > +  using std::vector<T>::vector;
> > +
> > +  template <typename It, typename R>
> > +  void insert_range(typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator, R &&) = 
> > delete;
> > +};
> > +
> > +struct NoCatIterator {
> > +  using difference_type = int;
> > +  using value_type = int;
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator() : v(0) {}
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator(int x) : v(x) {}
> > +
> > +  constexpr int operator*() const { return v; }
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator &operator++() {
> > +    ++v;
> > +    return *this;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  constexpr NoCatIterator operator++(int) {
> > +    ++v;
> > +    return NoCatIterator(v - 1);
> > +  }
> > +
> > +  constexpr bool operator==(const NoCatIterator &rhs) const {
> > +    return v == rhs.v;
> > +  }
> > +
> > +private:
> > +  int v;
> > +};
> > +
> > +template <> struct std::iterator_traits<NoCatIterator> {
> > +  using difference_type = int;
> > +  using value_type = int;
> > +  using iterator_concept = std::input_iterator_tag;
> > +};
> > +
> > +constexpr void test06() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int> s;
> > +  std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, NoInsertRange<int>> s2;
> > +
> > +  auto r = std::ranges::subrange<NoCatIterator>(1, 6);
> > +  s.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +  s2.insert_range(r);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +
> > +#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
> > +  auto r2 = std::views::iota(__int128(1), __int128(6));
> > +  s.clear();
> > +  s.insert_range(r2);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +
> > +  s2.clear();
> > +  s2.insert_range(r2);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
> > +#endif
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test07() {
> > +  int copy_counter = 0;
> > +
> > +  struct A {
> > +    int *counter;
> > +    constexpr A(int &c) : counter(&c) {}
> > +
> > +    constexpr A(const A &other) : counter(other.counter) { ++(*counter); }
> > +
> > +    constexpr A &operator=(const A &other) {
> > +      counter = other.counter;
> > +      ++(*counter);
> > +      return *this;
> > +    }
> > +
> > +    constexpr auto operator<=>(const A &) const = default;
> > +  };
> > +
> > +  std::flat_set<A> s;
> > +
> > +  A a(copy_counter);
> > +
> > +  s.emplace(a);
> > +  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
> > +
> > +  s.emplace(a);
> > +  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr void test08() {
> > +  std::flat_set<int> s = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
> > +  auto n = std::erase_if(s, [](int x) { return x % 2 != 0; });
> > +  VERIFY(n == 3);
> > +  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){2, 4}));
> > +}
> > +
> > +constexpr bool test() {
> > +  test01<std::vector>();
> > +  test02();
> > +  test03();
> > +  test04();
> > +  test05();
> > +  test06();
> > +  test07();
> > +  test08();
> > +  return true;
> > +}
> > +
> > +int main() {
> > +  VERIFY(test());
> > +  static_assert(test());
> > +  return 0;
> > +}
> > --
> > 2.52.0
> >
>
From 6086bfe406bd9e49bd30d2993c50ab6e74c1db6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yuao Ma <[email protected]>
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2025 22:39:38 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] libstdc++: constexpr flat_set and flat_multiset

This patch makes flat_set and flat_multiset constexpr as part of P3372R3.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

        * include/bits/version.def: Add FTM.
        * include/bits/version.h: Regenerate.
        * include/std/flat_set: Add constexpr.
        * testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc: New test.
        * testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc: New test.
---
 libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def         |   8 +
 libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h           |  10 +
 libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set             | 103 ++++++-
 .../23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc  | 239 +++++++++++++++++
 .../23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc       | 253 ++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 610 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 
libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
 create mode 100644 libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc

diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def 
b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
index 1fde9eef9d3..089c75ff781 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.def
@@ -1347,6 +1347,14 @@ ftms = {
   };
 };
 
+ftms = {
+  name = constexpr_flat_set;
+  values = {
+    v = 202502;
+    cxxmin = 26;
+  };
+};
+
 ftms = {
   name = constexpr_string;
   values = {
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h 
b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
index 2ebc48b234b..35c557a28c0 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/version.h
@@ -1495,6 +1495,16 @@
 #endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc) */
 #undef __glibcxx_want_constexpr_dynamic_alloc
 
+#if !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set)
+# if (__cplusplus >  202302L)
+#  define __glibcxx_constexpr_flat_set 202502L
+#  if defined(__glibcxx_want_all) || defined(__glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set)
+#   define __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set 202502L
+#  endif
+# endif
+#endif /* !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set) */
+#undef __glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set
+
 #if !defined(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string)
 # if (__cplusplus >= 202002L) && _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI && _GLIBCXX_HOSTED && 
(defined(__glibcxx_is_constant_evaluated))
 #  define __glibcxx_constexpr_string 201907L
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set 
b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
index c48340d7980..3a1f5ba10da 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/flat_set
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #pragma GCC system_header
 #endif
 
+#define __glibcxx_want_constexpr_flat_set
 #define __glibcxx_want_flat_set
 #include <bits/version.h>
 
@@ -100,50 +101,60 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       {
        container_type* _M_cont;
 
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _ClearGuard(container_type& __cont)
        : _M_cont(std::__addressof(__cont))
        { }
 
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        ~_ClearGuard()
        {
          if (_M_cont)
            _M_cont->clear();
        }
 
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        _M_disable()
        { _M_cont = nullptr; }
       };
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _ClearGuard
       _M_make_clear_guard()
       { return _ClearGuard{this->_M_cont}; }
 
     public:
       // constructors
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Flat_set_impl() : _Flat_set_impl(key_compare()) { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       explicit
       _Flat_set_impl(const key_compare& __comp)
       : _M_cont(), _M_comp(__comp)
       { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Flat_set_impl(container_type __cont, const key_compare& __comp = 
key_compare())
       : _M_cont(std::move(__cont)), _M_comp(__comp)
       { _M_sort_uniq(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t,
                     container_type __cont, const key_compare& __comp = 
key_compare())
       : _M_cont(std::move(__cont)), _M_comp(__comp)
       { _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(ranges::is_sorted(_M_cont, _M_comp)); }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
        : _M_cont(), _M_comp(__comp)
        { insert(__first, __last); }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                       _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
@@ -151,20 +162,24 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { insert(__s, __first, __last); }
 
       template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg)
        : _Flat_set_impl(from_range, std::forward<_Rg>(__rg), key_compare())
        { }
 
       template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg, const key_compare& __comp)
        : _Flat_set_impl(__comp)
        { insert_range(std::forward<_Rg>(__rg)); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                     const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
       : _Flat_set_impl(__il.begin(), __il.end(), __comp)
       { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                     initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                     const key_compare& __comp = key_compare())
@@ -174,23 +189,27 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       // constructors with allocators
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        explicit
        _Flat_set_impl(const _Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(key_compare(), __a)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(const key_compare& __comp, const _Alloc& __a)
        : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a)),
          _M_comp(__comp)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(const container_type& __cont, const _Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(__cont, key_compare(), __a)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(const container_type& __cont, const key_compare& __comp,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
        : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, __cont)),
@@ -198,11 +217,13 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { _M_sort_uniq(); }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s, const container_type& __cont, const 
_Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(__s, __cont, key_compare(), __a)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t, const container_type& __cont, const 
key_compare& __comp,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
        : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, __cont)),
@@ -210,24 +231,28 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { _GLIBCXX_DEBUG_ASSERT(ranges::is_sorted(_M_cont, _M_comp)); }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(const _Derived& __x, const _Alloc& __a)
        : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, 
__x._M_cont)),
          _M_comp(__x._M_comp)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(_Derived&& __x, const _Alloc& __a)
        : _M_cont(std::make_obj_using_allocator<container_type>(__a, 
std::move(__x._M_cont))),
          _M_comp(__x._M_comp)
        { }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(std::move(__first), std::move(__last), key_compare(), 
__a)
        { }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const key_compare& __comp,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
@@ -235,6 +260,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { insert(__first, __last); }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                       _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
@@ -242,6 +268,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator, 
__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                       _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                       const key_compare& __comp,
@@ -251,6 +278,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
       template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg,
               __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(from_range, std::forward<_Rg>(__rg), key_compare(), 
__a)
@@ -258,6 +286,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
       template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg,
               __allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(from_range_t, _Rg&& __rg,
                       const key_compare& __comp,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
@@ -265,12 +294,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { insert_range(std::forward<_Rg>(__rg)); }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
        : _Flat_set_impl(__il, key_compare(), __a)
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                       const key_compare& __comp,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
@@ -278,6 +309,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                       initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                       const _Alloc& __a)
@@ -285,6 +317,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        { }
 
       template<__allocator_for<container_type> _Alloc>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        _Flat_set_impl(__sorted_t __s,
                       initializer_list<value_type> __il,
                       const key_compare& __comp,
@@ -292,6 +325,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        : _Flat_set_impl(__s, __il.begin(), __il.end(), __comp, __a)
        { }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       _Derived&
       operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __il)
       {
@@ -303,54 +337,66 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       }
 
       // iterators
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       begin() const noexcept
       { return _M_cont.begin(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       end() const noexcept
       { return _M_cont.end(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_reverse_iterator
       rbegin() const noexcept
       { return const_reverse_iterator(end()); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_reverse_iterator
       rend() const noexcept
       { return const_reverse_iterator(begin()); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       cbegin() const noexcept
       { return begin(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       cend() const noexcept
       { return end(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_reverse_iterator
       crbegin() const noexcept
       { return rbegin(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_reverse_iterator
       crend() const noexcept
       { return rend(); }
 
       // capacity
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       empty() const noexcept
       { return _M_cont.empty(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_type
       size() const noexcept
       { return _M_cont.size(); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_type
       max_size() const noexcept
       { return _M_cont.max_size(); }
 
       // modifiers
       template<typename _Arg, typename... _Args>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        pair<iterator, bool>
        _M_try_emplace(optional<const_iterator> __hint, _Arg&& __arg, 
_Args&&... __args)
        {
@@ -410,12 +456,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       template<typename... _Args>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        pair<iterator, bool>
        _M_try_emplace(optional<const_iterator> __hint)
        { return _M_try_emplace(__hint, value_type()); }
 
       template<typename... _Args>
        requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Args...>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        __emplace_result_t
        emplace(_Args&&... __args)
        {
@@ -427,39 +475,47 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       template<typename... _Args>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        iterator
        emplace_hint(const_iterator __position, _Args&&... __args)
        { return _M_try_emplace(__position, 
std::forward<_Args>(__args)...).first; }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       __emplace_result_t
       insert(const value_type& __x)
       { return emplace(__x); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       __emplace_result_t
       insert(value_type&& __x)
       { return emplace(std::move(__x)); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       insert(const_iterator __position, const value_type& __x)
       { return emplace_hint(__position, __x); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       insert(const_iterator __position, value_type&& __x)
       { return emplace_hint(__position, std::move(__x)); }
 
       template<typename _Arg>
        requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Arg>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        __emplace_result_t
        insert(_Arg&& __x)
        { return emplace(std::forward<_Arg>(__x)); }
 
       template<typename _Arg>
        requires is_constructible_v<value_type, _Arg>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        iterator
        insert(const_iterator __position, _Arg&& __x)
        { return emplace_hint(__position, std::forward<_Arg>(__x)); }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        insert(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
        {
@@ -473,6 +529,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       template<__has_input_iter_cat _InputIterator>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        insert(__sorted_t, _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
        {
@@ -485,6 +542,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       template<__detail::__container_compatible_range<value_type> _Rg>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        void
        insert_range(_Rg&& __rg)
        {
@@ -511,14 +569,17 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
          __guard._M_disable();
        }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       insert(initializer_list<value_type> __il)
       { insert(__il.begin(), __il.end()); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       insert(__sorted_t __s, initializer_list<value_type> __il)
       { insert(__s, __il.begin(), __il.end()); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       container_type
       extract() &&
       {
@@ -526,6 +587,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        return std::move(_M_cont);
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       replace(container_type&& __cont)
       {
@@ -535,10 +597,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        __guard._M_disable();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       erase(const_iterator __position)
       { return _M_cont.erase(__position); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_type
       erase(const key_type& __x)
       { return erase<const key_type&>(__x); }
@@ -548,6 +612,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
          || (__transparent_comparator<_Compare>
              && !is_convertible_v<_Key2, iterator>
              && !is_convertible_v<_Key2, const_iterator>)
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        size_type
        erase(_Key2&& __x)
        {
@@ -557,10 +622,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
          return __n;
        }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       erase(const_iterator __first, const_iterator __last)
       { return _M_cont.erase(__first, __last); }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       swap(_Derived& __x) noexcept
       {
@@ -569,28 +636,33 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        swap(_M_comp, __x._M_comp);
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       clear() noexcept
       { _M_cont.clear(); }
 
       // observers
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       key_compare
       key_comp() const
       { return _M_comp; }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       value_compare
       value_comp() const
       { return _M_comp; }
 
       // set operations
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       find(const key_type& __x)
       { return find<key_type>(__x); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       find(const key_type& __x) const
       { return find<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -598,6 +670,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        iterator
        find(const _Key2& __x)
        {
@@ -611,6 +684,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        const_iterator
        find(const _Key2& __x) const
        {
@@ -622,6 +696,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       size_type
       count(const key_type& __x) const
       { return count<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -629,6 +704,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        size_type
        count(const _Key2& __x) const
        {
@@ -642,6 +718,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       bool
       contains(const key_type& __x) const
       { return contains<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -649,16 +726,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        bool
        contains(const _Key2& __x) const
        { return find(__x) != cend(); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       lower_bound(const key_type& __x)
       { return lower_bound<key_type>(__x); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       lower_bound(const key_type& __x) const
       { return lower_bound<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -666,6 +746,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        iterator
        lower_bound(const _Key2& __x)
        { return std::lower_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
@@ -673,16 +754,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        const_iterator
        lower_bound(const _Key2& __x) const
        { return std::lower_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       iterator
       upper_bound(const key_type& __x)
       { return upper_bound<key_type>(__x); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       const_iterator
       upper_bound(const key_type& __x) const
       { return upper_bound<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -690,6 +774,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        iterator
        upper_bound(const _Key2& __x)
        { return std::upper_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
@@ -697,16 +782,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        const_iterator
        upper_bound(const _Key2& __x) const
        { return std::upper_bound(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       pair<iterator, iterator>
       equal_range(const key_type& __x)
       { return equal_range<key_type>(__x); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
       equal_range(const key_type& __x) const
       { return equal_range<key_type>(__x); }
@@ -714,6 +802,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        pair<iterator, iterator>
        equal_range(const _Key2& __x)
        { return std::equal_range(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
@@ -721,18 +810,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       template<typename _Key2>
        requires same_as<_Key2, _Key> || __transparent_comparator<_Compare>
        [[nodiscard]]
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
        equal_range(const _Key2& __x) const
        { return std::equal_range(begin(), end(), __x, _M_comp); }
 
       [[nodiscard]]
-      friend bool
+      friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR bool
       operator==(const _Derived& __x, const _Derived& __y)
       { return std::equal(__x.begin(), __x.end(), __y.begin(), __y.end()); }
 
       template<typename _Up = value_type>
        [[nodiscard]]
-       friend __detail::__synth3way_t<_Up>
+       friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR __detail::__synth3way_t<_Up>
        operator<=>(const _Derived& __x, const _Derived& __y)
        {
          return std::lexicographical_compare_three_way(__x.begin(), __x.end(),
@@ -740,11 +830,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
                                                        __detail::__synth3way);
        }
 
-      friend void
+      friend _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR void
       swap(_Derived& __x, _Derived& __y) noexcept
       { return __x.swap(__y); }
 
       template<typename _Predicate>
+       _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
        size_type
        _M_erase_if(_Predicate __pred)
        {
@@ -762,6 +853,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
       container_type _M_cont;
       [[no_unique_address]] _Compare _M_comp;
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_sort_uniq()
       {
@@ -770,13 +862,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
          _M_unique();
       }
 
+      _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
       void
       _M_unique() requires (!_Multi)
       {
        struct __key_equiv
        {
+         _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
          __key_equiv(key_compare __c) : _M_comp(__c) { }
 
+         _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
          bool
          operator()(const_reference __x, const_reference __y) const
          { return !_M_comp(__x, __y) && !_M_comp(__y, __x); }
@@ -934,6 +1029,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
   template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _KeyContainer,
           typename _Predicate>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     typename flat_set<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>::size_type
     erase_if(flat_set<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>& __c, _Predicate __pred)
     { return __c._M_erase_if(std::move(__pred)); }
@@ -1081,6 +1177,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
   template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _KeyContainer,
           typename _Predicate>
+    _GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR
     typename flat_multiset<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>::size_type
     erase_if(flat_multiset<_Key, _Compare, _KeyContainer>& __c, _Predicate 
__pred)
     { return __c._M_erase_if(std::move(__pred)); }
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d755bf375e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_multiset/constexpr.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+// { dg-do compile { target c++26 } }
+
+#include <flat_set>
+#include <ranges>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <testsuite_allocator.h>
+#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+
+template <template <class> class Sequence> constexpr void test01() {
+  std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, Sequence<int>> m;
+  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
+
+  m.insert(1);
+  m.insert(2);
+  m.insert(3);
+  m.insert(1);
+  m.insert(2);
+  m.insert(3);
+  m.insert(0);
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 7);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3}));
+
+  m.clear();
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 0);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 1);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 2);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 3);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 1);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 2);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 3);
+  m.insert(m.begin(), 0);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3}));
+
+  m.clear();
+  m = {10, 10};
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 2);
+  m.insert({11, 12, 11});
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 5);
+}
+
+constexpr void test02() {
+  std::flat_multiset<int, std::greater<int>> m;
+  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
+
+  auto r = m.insert(1);
+  VERIFY(*r == 1);
+  r = m.insert(2);
+  VERIFY(*r == 2);
+  r = m.insert(3);
+  VERIFY(*r == 3);
+  r = m.insert(1);
+  VERIFY(*r == 1);
+  r = m.insert(2);
+  VERIFY(*r == 2);
+  r = m.insert(3);
+  VERIFY(*r == 3);
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 6);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1}));
+
+  VERIFY(m.contains(3) && !m.contains(7));
+  VERIFY(m.count(3) == 2);
+}
+
+constexpr void test03() {
+  std::flat_set<int> m;
+  m = {1, 3, 5};
+  m.insert({7, 9});
+
+  auto it = m.find(0);
+  VERIFY(it == m.end());
+  it = m.find(9);
+  VERIFY(it == m.end() - 1);
+
+  const auto n = m;
+  VERIFY(m == m);
+  VERIFY(m == n);
+
+  m.erase(m.begin());
+  m.erase(5);
+  m.erase(m.end() - 2, m.end());
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3}));
+  VERIFY(m != n);
+  VERIFY(n < m);
+
+  m = n;
+  erase_if(m, [](const auto &k) { return k < 5 || k > 5; });
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){5}));
+}
+
+constexpr void test04() {
+  using vector = std::vector<int, __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>>;
+  vector v = {1, 2, 3};
+  __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int> alloc(42);
+
+  using flat_multiset = std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, vector>;
+  flat_multiset m1(alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m1).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  flat_multiset m2(v, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m2).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  flat_multiset m3(std::sorted_equivalent_t{}, v, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m3).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(43);
+  flat_multiset m4(m3, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m4).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 43);
+
+  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(44);
+  flat_multiset m5(std::move(m4), alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m5).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 44);
+}
+
+constexpr void test05() {
+  std::flat_multiset<int> s;
+  auto r = std::views::iota(1) | std::views::take(5);
+  static_assert(!std::ranges::common_range<decltype(r)>);
+  s.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+  s.clear();
+  s.insert_range(r | std::views::reverse);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct NoInsertRange : std::vector<T> {
+  using std::vector<T>::vector;
+
+  template <typename It, typename R>
+  void insert_range(typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator, R &&) = delete;
+};
+
+struct NoCatIterator {
+  using difference_type = int;
+  using value_type = int;
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator() : v(0) {}
+  constexpr NoCatIterator(int x) : v(x) {}
+
+  constexpr int operator*() const { return v; }
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator &operator++() {
+    ++v;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator operator++(int) {
+    ++v;
+    return NoCatIterator(v - 1);
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(const NoCatIterator &rhs) const {
+    return v == rhs.v;
+  }
+
+private:
+  int v;
+};
+
+template <> struct std::iterator_traits<NoCatIterator> {
+  using difference_type = int;
+  using value_type = int;
+  using iterator_concept = std::input_iterator_tag;
+};
+
+constexpr void test06() {
+  std::flat_multiset<int> s;
+  std::flat_multiset<int, std::less<int>, NoInsertRange<int>> s2;
+
+  auto r = std::ranges::subrange<NoCatIterator>(1, 6);
+  s.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+  s2.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+
+#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
+  auto r2 = std::views::iota(__int128(1), __int128(6));
+  s.clear();
+  s.insert_range(r2);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+
+  s2.clear();
+  s2.insert_range(r2);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+#endif
+}
+
+constexpr void test07() {
+  int copy_counter = 0;
+
+  struct A {
+    int *counter;
+    constexpr A(int &c) : counter(&c) {}
+
+    constexpr A(const A &other) : counter(other.counter) { ++(*counter); }
+
+    constexpr A &operator=(const A &other) {
+      counter = other.counter;
+      ++(*counter);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const A &) const = default;
+  };
+
+  std::vector<A> v;
+  v.reserve(2);
+  std::flat_multiset<A> s(std::move(v));
+  A a(copy_counter);
+  s.emplace(a);
+  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
+  s.emplace(a);
+  VERIFY(copy_counter == 2);
+}
+
+constexpr void test08() {
+  std::flat_multiset<int> s = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  auto n = std::erase_if(s, [](int x) { return x % 2 != 0; });
+  VERIFY(n == 4);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){2, 2, 4}));
+}
+
+constexpr bool test() {
+  test01<std::vector>();
+  test02();
+  test03();
+  test04();
+  test05();
+  test06();
+  test07();
+  test08();
+  return true;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  VERIFY(test());
+  static_assert(test());
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc 
b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4340cf7151c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/flat_set/constexpr.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+// { dg-do compile { target c++26 } }
+
+#include <flat_set>
+#include <ranges>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <testsuite_allocator.h>
+#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+
+#if __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set != 202502L
+#error "Feature-test macro __cpp_lib_constexpr_flat_set has wrong value in 
<flat_set>"
+#endif
+
+template <template <typename> class KeyContainer> constexpr void test01() {
+  std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, KeyContainer<int>> m;
+  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
+
+  m.insert(1);
+  m.insert(2);
+  m.insert(3);
+  m.insert(1);
+  m.insert(2);
+  m.insert(3);
+  m.insert(0);
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 4);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 2, 3}));
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    m.clear();
+    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 0) % 4);
+    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 1) % 4);
+    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 2) % 4);
+    m.insert(m.end(), (i + 3) % 4);
+    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 1);
+    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 2);
+    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 3);
+    m.insert(m.begin() + i, 0);
+    VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){0, 1, 2, 3}));
+  }
+
+  m.clear();
+  m = {10, 10};
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 1);
+  m.insert({11, 12, 11});
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 3);
+  VERIFY(m.end()[-1] == 12);
+
+  auto m_copy = m;
+  VERIFY(m_copy == m);
+  m_copy.operator=({12, 11, 10});
+  VERIFY(m_copy == m);
+}
+
+constexpr void test02() {
+  std::flat_set<int, std::greater<int>> m;
+  static_assert(std::ranges::random_access_range<decltype(m)>);
+
+  auto r = m.insert(1);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 1 && r.second);
+  r = m.insert(2);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 2 && r.second);
+  r = m.insert(3);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 3 && r.second);
+  r = m.insert(1);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 1 && !r.second);
+  r = m.insert(2);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 2 && !r.second);
+  r = m.insert(3);
+  VERIFY(*r.first == 3 && !r.second);
+  m.insert(0);
+  VERIFY(m.size() == 4);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3, 2, 1, 0}));
+
+  VERIFY(m.contains(3) && !m.contains(7));
+  VERIFY(m.count(3) == 1);
+}
+
+constexpr void test03() {
+  std::flat_set<int> m;
+  m = {1, 3, 5};
+  m.insert({7, 9});
+
+  auto it = m.find(0);
+  VERIFY(it == m.end());
+  it = m.find(9);
+  VERIFY(it == m.end() - 1);
+
+  const auto n = m;
+  VERIFY(m == m);
+  VERIFY(m == n);
+
+  m.erase(m.begin());
+  m.erase(5);
+  m.erase(m.end() - 2, m.end());
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){3}));
+  VERIFY(m != n);
+  VERIFY(n < m);
+
+  m = n;
+  erase_if(m, [](const auto &k) { return k < 5 || k > 5; });
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(m, (int[]){5}));
+}
+
+constexpr void test04() {
+  using vector = std::vector<int, __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>>;
+  vector v = {1, 2, 3};
+  __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int> alloc(42);
+
+  using flat_set = std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, vector>;
+  flat_set m1(alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m1).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  flat_set m2(v, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m2).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  flat_set m3(std::sorted_unique_t{}, v, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m3).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 42);
+
+  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(43);
+  flat_set m4(m3, alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m4).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 43);
+
+  alloc = __gnu_test::uneq_allocator<int>(44);
+  flat_set m5(std::move(m4), alloc);
+  VERIFY(std::move(m5).extract().get_allocator().get_personality() == 44);
+}
+
+constexpr void test05() {
+  std::flat_set<int> s;
+  auto r = std::views::iota(1) | std::views::take(5);
+  static_assert(!std::ranges::common_range<decltype(r)>);
+  s.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+  s.clear();
+  s.insert_range(r | std::views::reverse);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct NoInsertRange : std::vector<T> {
+  using std::vector<T>::vector;
+
+  template <typename It, typename R>
+  void insert_range(typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator, R &&) = delete;
+};
+
+struct NoCatIterator {
+  using difference_type = int;
+  using value_type = int;
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator() : v(0) {}
+  constexpr NoCatIterator(int x) : v(x) {}
+
+  constexpr int operator*() const { return v; }
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator &operator++() {
+    ++v;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  constexpr NoCatIterator operator++(int) {
+    ++v;
+    return NoCatIterator(v - 1);
+  }
+
+  constexpr bool operator==(const NoCatIterator &rhs) const {
+    return v == rhs.v;
+  }
+
+private:
+  int v;
+};
+
+template <> struct std::iterator_traits<NoCatIterator> {
+  using difference_type = int;
+  using value_type = int;
+  using iterator_concept = std::input_iterator_tag;
+};
+
+constexpr void test06() {
+  std::flat_set<int> s;
+  std::flat_set<int, std::less<int>, NoInsertRange<int>> s2;
+
+  auto r = std::ranges::subrange<NoCatIterator>(1, 6);
+  s.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+  s2.insert_range(r);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+
+#ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
+  auto r2 = std::views::iota(__int128(1), __int128(6));
+  s.clear();
+  s.insert_range(r2);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+
+  s2.clear();
+  s2.insert_range(r2);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s2, (int[]){1, 2, 3, 4, 5}));
+#endif
+}
+
+constexpr void test07() {
+  int copy_counter = 0;
+
+  struct A {
+    int *counter;
+    constexpr A(int &c) : counter(&c) {}
+
+    constexpr A(const A &other) : counter(other.counter) { ++(*counter); }
+
+    constexpr A &operator=(const A &other) {
+      counter = other.counter;
+      ++(*counter);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const A &) const = default;
+  };
+
+  std::flat_set<A> s;
+
+  A a(copy_counter);
+
+  s.emplace(a);
+  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
+
+  s.emplace(a);
+  VERIFY(copy_counter == 1);
+}
+
+constexpr void test08() {
+  std::flat_set<int> s = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  auto n = std::erase_if(s, [](int x) { return x % 2 != 0; });
+  VERIFY(n == 3);
+  VERIFY(std::ranges::equal(s, (int[]){2, 4}));
+}
+
+constexpr bool test() {
+  test01<std::vector>();
+  test02();
+  test03();
+  test04();
+  test05();
+  test06();
+  test07();
+  test08();
+  return true;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  VERIFY(test());
+  static_assert(test());
+  return 0;
+}
-- 
2.52.0

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