http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026874/abstract
First simulations of designing stratospheric sulfate aerosol geoengineering to meet multiple simultaneous climate objectives† <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026874/abstract#jgrd54215-note-0001> Authors - Ben Kravitz, - <[email protected]> - <http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6318-1150> 1. - <[email protected]> <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Ben%20Kravitz%22> - Douglas G. MacMartin, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1987-9417> 1. 2. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Douglas%20G.%20MacMartin%22> - Michael J. Mills, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-1346> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Michael%20J.%20Mills%22> - Jadwiga H. Richter, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7048-0781> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Jadwiga%20H.%20Richter%22> - Simone Tilmes, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3569> 1. 2. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Simone%20Tilmes%22> - Jean-Francois Lamarque, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5074> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Jean%E2%80%90Francois%20Lamarque%22> - Joseph J. Tribbia, - <http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-9688> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Joseph%20J.%20Tribbia%22> - Francis Vitt - <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8684-214X> 1. <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/advanced/search/results?searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.fieldName=author&start=1&resultsPerPage=20&searchRowCriteria%5B0%5D.queryString=%22Francis%20Vitt%22> - Accepted manuscript online:6 November 2017Full publication history <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026874/abstract#publication-history> - DOI:10.1002/2017JD026874 View/save citation <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/exportCitation/doi/10.1002/2017JD026874> - Cited by (CrossRef):0 articlesCheck for updates <http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/refreshCitedBy?doi=10.1002/2017JD026874&refreshCitedByCounter=true> Citation tools - [image: Article has an altmetric score of 6] <https://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=onlinelibrary.wiley.com&citation_id=28508257> - †This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/2017jd026874 Abstract We describe the first simulations of stratospheric sulfate aerosol geoengineering using multiple injection locations to meet multiple simultaneous surface temperature objectives. Simulations were performed using CESM1(WACCM), a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model with fully interactive stratospheric chemistry, dynamics (including an internally generated quasi-biennial oscillation), and a sophisticated treatment of sulfate aerosol formation, microphysical growth, and deposition. The objectives are defined as maintaining three temperature features at their 2020 levels against a background of the RCP8.5 scenario over the period 2020-2099. These objectives are met using a feedback mechanism in which the rate of sulfur dioxide injection at each of the four locations is adjusted independently every year of simulation. Even in the presence of uncertainties, nonlinearities, and variability, the objectives are met, predominantly by SO2 injection at 30° N and 30° S. By the last year of simulation, the feedback algorithm calls for a total injection rate of 51 Tg SO2 per year. The injections are not in the tropics, which results in a greater degree of linearity of the surface climate response with injection amount than has been found in many previous studies using injection at the equator. Because the objectives are defined in terms of annual mean temperature, the required geongineering results in “overcooling” during summer and “undercooling” during winter. The hydrological cycle is also suppressed as compared to the reference values corresponding to the year 2020. The demonstration we describe in this study is an important step toward understanding what geoengineering can do and what it cannot do. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. Visit this group at https://groups.google.com/group/geoengineering. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.
