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PAS : KE ARAH PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM YANG ADIL
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Assalammualaikum,
Kepada sahabat-sahabat semua yang pakar dalam bidang kimia, untuk kebaikan
kita semua tolong periksa adakah kimia ini ada di dalam ubat-ubat pembunuh
serangga di pasaran kita seperti Baygon, shieldtox dan apa-apa nama lagi...
Salam
************************
EPA bans pesticide Dursban, says
alternatives available
June 8, 2000
Web posted at: 3:33 p.m. EDT (1933
GMT)
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- The popular pesticide Dursban and
hundreds of other products containing the insect-killer
chlorpyrifos will be phased out for home and garden use under
an agreement between manufacturers and the Environmental
Protection Agency announced on Thursday.
Citing possible health risks to children for the decision,
EPA
Administrator Carol Browner said safer insect-killing
alternatives
are available.
Chlorpyrifos is found in everything from
pet flea collars to garden and lawn
chemicals and indoor bug sprays. It also
is used widely in agriculture to protect
fruits, vegetables and grains from
insects.
What the agreement says
But after a lengthy review, the EPA
concluded that chlorpyrifos -- sold by
Dow AgroSciences under the trade
names Dursban and Lorsban -- poses a
risk to children because of its potential
effects on the nervous system and
possibly brain development.
Under the agreement:
Production of Dursban and other
chlorpyrifos products will stop by
the end of the year.
Existing stocks of the products may
continue to be sold in stores.
The EPA will impose tighter
restrictions on chlorpyrifos use on
some agricultural products,
specifically apples and grapes; it
will be banned for use on
farm-grown tomatoes.
"This action will virtually eliminate
home, lawn and garden uses by the end
of the year," Browner said at a
Washington news conference.
"It will virtually eliminate all termite
control uses in existing homes by the
end of the year. It will eliminate this year, the use of
chlorpyrifos
for all sensitive areas, including schools, day cares, parks,
hospitals, nursing homes and malls." she said.
The agricultural restrictions are designed to eliminate the
pesticide's residue on foods often consumed by children.
"We did this because children are not just small adults,"
Browner
said. "Their bodies are still developing and they are more
susceptible to risks from toxic chemicals."
In a report on food safety released earlier this week,
Consumers
Union, a nonprofit advocacy group, said chlorpyrifos residue
was
found in 22 foods tested by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture's
Pesticide Data Program from 1994 through 1998.
The highest levels showed up in apples from New Zealand,
grapes from Chile, tomatoes from Mexico, and domestically
grown soybeans, according to the report.
'Safer alternatives'
Dursban is used in 20 million U.S. households annually, and
has
been manufactured for more than 30 years by Dow
AgroSciences, a unit of Dow Chemical Co.
But consumers now have better choices, Browner said.
"We recommend people either contact their local pesticide
company for recommendations or they can visit the EPA Web
site ... which refers people to some of the safer
alternatives that
we have recently registered," she said.
The pesticide portion of the EPA Web site is located at
http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/pesticides.html.
'These products are going to remain on the
shelves'
In the agreement allowing Dow and other manufacturers to
phase
out production of chlorpyrifos products, the EPA is not
imposing
a recall of products already on the market and on the shelves
of
stores nationwide.
Such a stipulation would have led to a prolonged legal fight,
Browner said, calling the agency's action "the fastest
possible
way" to get the products off the market.
But some environmental and health advocates said the EPA
didn't go far enough.
"When the EPA identifies hazards it should stop their use,"
said
Jay Feldman, executive director of the National Coalition
Against
the Misuse of Pesticides.
"There's concern that these products are going to remain on
the
shelves" and that the insecticide will continue -- although
at much
reduced levels -- be used in agriculture, said David
Wallinga, a
scientist for the Natural Resources Defense Council.
Hundreds of consumer products contain the chemical compound
and many people can be expected to buy the products this
summer -- bug sprays and lawn and garden insecticides, for
example -- not knowing of the health risks, said Wallinga,
who
nevertheless called the EPA action "a good step."
Chlorpyrifos products work by attacking insects' nervous
systems. Its detractors say it can affect human nervous
systems
as well.
"There are thousands of cases of Dursban poisoning every year
that are documented and confirmed to be related to Dursban
exposures in the home," said Richard Wiles, vice president
for
research for the Environmental Working Group. The
Washington-based research organization has created a Web site
called BanDursban.org.
Dow disagrees with its critics, calling Dursban safe and
effective
when used properly.
"Dursban products have been the subject of hundreds of
studies
relating to human health and the environment. No other pest
control product has been researched as thoroughly," the
company says on its Web site.
Diazinon next to be banned?
Chlorpyrifos is among a family of 37 pesticides known as
organophosphates that attack the nervous system and are under
review by the EPA because of their potential health effects
on
children.
Congress passed a law four years ago requiring the review to
be
completed by October, 1999, but so far only a handful of the
chemicals have been examined.
Last year, the EPA banned the use of the pesticide methyl
parathion on fruits and many vegetables and restricted the
use of
azinphos-methyl. Like chlorpyrifos, they are in the
organophosphate family.
Last month, an EPA draft study concluded that another
insecticide, diazinon, which is also in that family, may pose
greater health risks than previously thought. This pesticide
also is
widely used in homes and gardens.
A final review on diazinon is expected before the end of the
year.
Under the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act, the EPA is
required to restrict or ban a pesticide's use if it poses a
specific
threat to children. The increased concern about chlorpyrifos
emerged after studies -- some conducted by Dow -- found that
the compound causes brain damage in fetal rats, whose mothers
were given the pesticide.
No such direct link has been established in humans, but the
animal tests were enough to trigger a finding that the
pesticide
should not be used where children might become exposed,
scientists said.
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