Kalau dalam dongeng, yang kecil harus cerdik, yang miskin harus ulet. Utamanya who dare win, siapa berani menang. Salam. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
-----Original Message----- From: o - musakti <[email protected]> Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2012 00:35:11 To: <[email protected]> Reply-To: <[email protected]> Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] No resource, become resourceful Kalau bahasa awamnya,'The power of kepepet....' ------------------------------ On Wed, Mar 14, 2012 2:20 PM ICT Fadli Syarid wrote: >Ada hipotesa menarik tentang negara yang punya SDA yang kaya cenderung >mempunyai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih rendah >dan hasil pembagunan yang lebih buruk di banding negara yang mempunya lebih >sedikit SDA. >Hipotesanya di sebut Resource curse atau Paradox of Plenty bisa dilihat di >wiki..http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_curse > >Regards > >On Wed, Mar 14, 2012 at 1:59 PM, noor syarifuddin <[email protected] >> wrote: > >> Prof, >> >> Mungkin maksudnya, negara yang miskin sumber daya alam maka penduduknya >> lebih militan untuk bertahan hidup. Ini mungkin alami saja: anak orang >> miskin biasanya lebih banyak akalnya daripada anak orang kaya....walaupun >> belum tentu berlaku secara keseluruhan. Namun pendapat ini menjadi menarik >> karena didukung data survey, jadi secara statistik (mudah-mudahan) bisa >> dipertanggung jawabkan. >> >> Contoh lain: India yang termasuk kategori negara miskin SDA. Salah satu >> yang menonjol hanyalah tambang batubara yang produksinya habis dipakai >> sendiri untuk PLTU. Peredaran dan harga batubara dikontrol dengan ketat >> oleh negara karena dinilai strategis. Mereka sekarang juga harus impor >> (termasuk dari Indonesia) karena sudah defisit batubara akibat kebutuhan >> listrik yang melonjak sejalan dengan lajunya industri dan naiknya GDP. >> >> Populasi India sekarang sekitar 1.2 milyar. India dengan cerdiknya masuk >> ke celah-celah bisnis dengan memanfaatkan SDM yang luar biasa melimpah. >> Setiap tahun ada ratusan ribu engineer yang lulus dari ratusan PT di sana >> (walaupun kondisi kampusnya sangat payah dan kumuh, tapi saya terkesima >> dengan banyaknya publikasi dan paten yang mereka punyai). Dengan didukung >> juga oleh warisan "jiwa" dagang dan wiraswasta, maka industri mereka juga >> sudah melahirkan banyak perusahaan kelas dunia: Unisys, WinPro, Tata, Great >> Eastern dll. Bangaluru (nama baru Bangalore) merupakan salah satu andalan >> industri jasa/service mereka. Di sana "berkantor" banyak perusahaan >> Amerika/Eropa yang dikelola oleh para perusahaan jasa konsultan tsb di >> atas. Kampus (kantor) Unysis di Bangalore berpegawai sekitar 14,000 (dari >> total sekitar 130 ribu pegawainya di seluruh dunia). Beberapa perusahaan >> minyak besar termasuk yang "berkantor" di sana..... >> >> Memang ada jug ayang meragukan apakah model industri jasa akan cocok untuk >> negara dengan populasi besar seperti India itu. China lebih memilih >> industri manufaktur yang dirasa lebih cocok. Apapun juga, mereka lebih jeli >> dalam mencuri kesempatan dalam kesempitan, mereka lebih jeli dalam ngalap >> berkahnya bisnis SDA termasuk minyak dan gas... >> >> >> >> salam, >> >> >> ------------------------------ >> *From: *"R.P.Koesoemadinata" <[email protected]> >> *Date: *Tue, 10 Apr 2012 07:14:07 +0700 >> *To: *<[email protected]> >> *ReplyTo: *<[email protected]> >> *Subject: *Re: [iagi-net-l] No resource, become resourceful >> >> Ini benar kalau kita menganut 'free market economy". Natural resources >> tidak perlu dipunyai, yang perlu dipunyai adalah duit. Punya natural >> resources tapi tidak punya duit untuk mengexploitasinya percuma saja, >> akhirnya di exploitasi oleh orang lain yang punya duit. >> Negara yang tidak punya natural resources, tetapi punya banyak duit >> seperti jangan jauh-jauh Singapore saja, banyak keuntungannya, BBM dan gas >> dapat beli dengan harga pasaran international, sama dengan negara >> penghasil BBM (kalau tidak disubsidi, dan subisidi itu haram dalam free >> market economoy), tidak ada kerusakan lingkungan, bebas dari masalah2 >> lingkungan, pembebasan lahan, demo dsb. >> Jadi yang penting dalam free market economy adalah punya duit yang banyak, >> tidak perlu punya natural resources. Natural resources di seluruh dunia >> dapat dibeli tanpa harus menanggung dampaknya. >> Tentu lain kalau ini dalam economi kerakyatan, di mana rakyat harus >> langsung menikmati natural resources itu dengan harga explorasi >> produksinya, tanpa mempersoalkan "lost opportunity" mendapatkan keuntungan >> dengan menjualnya ke luar negeri. >> RPK >> >> ----- Original Message ----- >> *From:* o - >> musakti<http://us.mc1604.mail.yahoo.com/mc/[email protected]> >> *To:* >> [email protected]<http://us.mc1604.mail.yahoo.com/mc/[email protected]> >> *Sent:* Monday, March 12, 2012 2:17 AM >> *Subject:* [iagi-net-l] No resource, become resourceful >> >> Artikel menarik mengenai korelasi terbalik dari natural resources dan >> tingkat pendidikan suatu negara..... >> >> >> Skills not drill for survival >> Illustration: michaelmucci.com >> Every so often someone asks me: ''What's your favourite country, other >> than your own?'' I've always had the same answer: Taiwan. ''Taiwan? Why >> Taiwan?'' people ask. >> >> Very simple: because Taiwan is a barren rock in a typhoon-laden sea with >> no natural resources - it even has to import sand and gravel from China for >> construction - yet it has the fourth-largest financial reserves in the >> world. >> >> Because rather than digging in the ground and mining whatever comes up, >> Taiwan has mined its 23 million people, their talent, energy and >> intelligence. >> >> Advertisement: Story continues below >> I always tell my friends in Taiwan: ''You're the luckiest people in the >> world. How did you get so lucky? You have no oil, no iron ore, no forests, >> no diamonds, no gold, just a few small deposits of coal and natural gas - >> and because of that you developed the habits and culture of honing your >> people's skills, which turns out to be the most valuable and only truly >> renewable resource in the world today. How did you get so lucky?'' >> >> That, at least, was my gut instinct. But now we have proof. >> >> A team from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development >> (OECD) has just come out with a fascinating little study mapping the >> correlation between performance on the program for international student >> assessment (PISA) examination - which tests the maths, science and reading >> comprehension skills of 15-year-olds in 65 countries, every two years - and >> the total earnings on natural resources as a percentage of gross domestic >> product for each participating country. In short, how well do your high >> school children do compared with how much oil you pump or how many diamonds >> you dig? >> >> The results indicated ''a significant negative relationship between the >> money countries extract from national resources and the knowledge and >> skills of their high school population,'' says Andreas Schleicher, who >> oversees the PISA exams for the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and >> Development. ''This is a global pattern that holds across 65 countries that >> took part in the latest PISA assessment.'' Oil and PISA don't mix. As the >> Bible notes, Schleicher says, ''Moses arduously led the Jews for 40 years >> through the desert, just to bring them to the only country in the Middle >> East that had no oil. But Moses may have gotten it right, after all. Today, >> Israel has one of the most innovative economies, and its population enjoys >> a standard of living most of the oil-rich countries in the region are not >> able to offer.'' >> >> So hold the oil, and pass the books. In the latest PISA results, students >> in Singapore, Finland, South Korea, Hong Kong and Japan stand out as having >> high PISA scores and few natural resources, while Qatar and Kazakhstan >> stand out as having the highest oil rents and the lowest PISA scores. >> (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Algeria, Bahrain, Iran and Syria stood out in >> the same way in a similar 2007 test, while, interestingly, students from >> Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey, Middle East states with few natural resources, >> scored better.) >> >> Also lagging in recent PISA scores, though, were students in many of the >> resource-rich countries of Latin America, like Brazil, Mexico and >> Argentina. Africa was not tested. >> >> Canada, Australia and Norway, also countries with high levels of natural >> resources, still score well on PISA, in large part, argues Schleicher, >> because all three countries have established deliberate policies of saving >> and investing these resource rents, and not just consuming them. >> >> Add it all up and the numbers say that if you really want to know how a >> country is going to do in the 21st century, don't count its oil reserves or >> goldmines, count its highly effective teachers, involved parents and >> committed students. >> >> Economists have long known about the ''Dutch disease'', which happens when >> a country becomes so dependent on exporting natural resources that its >> currency soars in value and, as a result, its domestic manufacturing gets >> crushed as cheap imports flood in and exports become too expensive. >> >> What the PISA team is revealing is a related disease: societies that get >> addicted to their natural resources seem to develop parents and young >> people who lose some of the instincts, habits and incentives for doing >> homework and honing skills. By contrast, says Schleicher, ''in countries >> with little in the way of natural resources - Finland, Singapore or Japan - >> education has strong outcomes and a high status … Every parent and child in >> these countries knows that skills will decide the life chances of the child >> and nothing else is going to rescue them, so they build a whole culture and >> education system around it''. >> >> Or as my Indian-American friend K.R. Sridhar, the founder of the Silicon >> Valley fuel-cell company Bloom Energy, likes to say: ''When you don't have >> resources, you become resourceful.'' >> >> That's why the foreign countries with the most companies listed on the >> Nasdaq are Israel, China/Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, South Korea and >> Singapore - none of which can live off natural resources. >> >> But there is an important message for the industrialised world in this >> study, too. In these difficult economic times, it is tempting to buttress >> our own standards of living today by incurring even greater financial >> liabilities for the future. To be sure, there is a role for stimulus in a >> prolonged recession but ''the only sustainable way is to grow our way out >> by giving more people the knowledge and skills to compete, collaborate and >> connect in a way that drives our countries forward'', Schleicher argues. >> >> In sum, he says, ''knowledge and skills have become the global currency of >> 21st century economies, but there is no central bank that prints this >> currency. Everyone has to decide on their own how much they will print.'' >> >> Sure, it's great to have oil, gas and diamonds; they can buy jobs. But >> they'll weaken your society in the long run unless they're used to build >> schools and a culture of lifelong learning. >> >> This article was first published in The New York Times. >> >> >> >> Read more: >> http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/politics/skills-not-drills-for-survival-20120311-1us9o.html#ixzz1opyxi3ig >> >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PP-IAGI 2011-2014: Ketua Umum: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari, rovicky[at]gmail.com Sekjen: Senoaji, ajiseno[at]ymail.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jangan lupa PIT IAGI 2012 di Jogjakarta tanggal 17-20 September 2012. Kirim abstrak ke email: pit.iagi.2012[at]gmail.com. 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