John McKown wrote

Population Count (could somebody explain to me what this might really
be used for?).

I find it useful for processing large assembled bit maps.   An example
is what I call a Marked Days Table.  Such an MDT is really a bit map
having one bit for each day in some unbroken sequence of full years.
The interpretation of individual bit values can vary widely, but for
concreteness consider one in which '0'b denotes non-working days and
'1'b denotes working days for the Widget Manufacturing Company.
Answering such questions as

What is the date D that is n working days after the date d?

How many working days are there between the dates d and D

Can the delivery date D be met for a product that has a production
requirement of R days?

by accumulating counts of working or non-working days  in some
interval is made very easy using POPCNT on successive doublewords.
(There is a bit-counting  example, which can be improved upon, in the
current PrOp.)

The words 'marked days' of course recall Lewis Carroll's practice of
beginning certain of his diary entries with a classical allusion, "I
mark this day with a white stone".

POPCNT also has some interesting cryptographic/pattern recognition uses.

John Gilmore, Ashland, MA 01721 - USA

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