XJDKC commented on code in PR #2523:
URL: https://github.com/apache/polaris/pull/2523#discussion_r2373228097


##########
runtime/service/src/main/java/org/apache/polaris/service/identity/registry/DefaultServiceIdentityRegistry.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.polaris.service.identity.registry;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import jakarta.inject.Inject;
+import java.util.EnumMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.context.RealmContext;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.identity.ServiceIdentityType;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.identity.dpo.ServiceIdentityInfoDpo;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.identity.registry.ServiceIdentityRegistry;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.identity.resolved.ResolvedServiceIdentity;
+import org.apache.polaris.core.secrets.ServiceSecretReference;
+import org.apache.polaris.service.identity.ServiceIdentityConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * Default implementation of {@link ServiceIdentityRegistry} that resolves 
service identities from
+ * statically configured values (typically defined via Quarkus server 
configuration).
+ *
+ * <p>This implementation supports both multi-tenant (e.g., SaaS) and 
self-managed (single-tenant)
+ * Polaris deployments:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>In multi-tenant mode, each tenant (realm) can have its own set of 
service identities
+ *       defined in the configuration. The same identity will consistently be 
assigned for each
+ *       {@link ServiceIdentityType} within a given tenant.
+ *   <li>In single-tenant or self-managed deployments, a single set of service 
identities can be
+ *       defined and used system-wide.
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class DefaultServiceIdentityRegistry implements ServiceIdentityRegistry 
{
+  public static final String DEFAULT_REALM_KEY = 
ServiceIdentityConfiguration.DEFAULT_REALM_KEY;
+  public static final String DEFAULT_REALM_NSS = "system:default";
+  private static final String IDENTITY_INFO_REFERENCE_URN_FORMAT =
+      "urn:polaris-secret:default-identity-registry:%s:%s";
+
+  /** Map of service identity types to their resolved identities. */
+  private final EnumMap<ServiceIdentityType, ResolvedServiceIdentity> 
resolvedServiceIdentities;
+
+  /** Map of identity info references (URNs) to their resolved service 
identities. */
+  private final Map<String, ResolvedServiceIdentity> 
referenceToResolvedServiceIdentity;
+
+  public DefaultServiceIdentityRegistry() {
+    this(new EnumMap<>(ServiceIdentityType.class));
+  }
+
+  public DefaultServiceIdentityRegistry(
+      EnumMap<ServiceIdentityType, ResolvedServiceIdentity> serviceIdentities) 
{
+    this.resolvedServiceIdentities = serviceIdentities;
+    this.referenceToResolvedServiceIdentity =
+        serviceIdentities.values().stream()
+            .collect(
+                Collectors.toMap(
+                    identity -> identity.getIdentityInfoReference().getUrn(),
+                    identity -> identity));
+  }
+
+  @Inject
+  public DefaultServiceIdentityRegistry(
+      RealmContext realmContext, ServiceIdentityConfiguration 
serviceIdentityConfiguration) {
+    this.resolvedServiceIdentities =
+        
serviceIdentityConfiguration.resolveServiceIdentities(realmContext).stream()
+            .collect(
+                // Collect to an EnumMap, grouping by ServiceIdentityType
+                Collectors.toMap(
+                    ResolvedServiceIdentity::getIdentityType,
+                    identity -> identity,
+                    (a, b) -> b,
+                    () -> new EnumMap<>(ServiceIdentityType.class)));
+
+    this.referenceToResolvedServiceIdentity =
+        resolvedServiceIdentities.values().stream()
+            .collect(
+                Collectors.toMap(
+                    identity -> identity.getIdentityInfoReference().getUrn(),
+                    identity -> identity));
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Optional<ServiceIdentityInfoDpo> discoverServiceIdentity(
+      ServiceIdentityType serviceIdentityType) {
+    ResolvedServiceIdentity resolvedServiceIdentity =
+        resolvedServiceIdentities.get(serviceIdentityType);
+    if (resolvedServiceIdentity == null) {
+      return Optional.empty();
+    }
+    return Optional.of(resolvedServiceIdentity.asServiceIdentityInfoDpo());
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Optional<ResolvedServiceIdentity> resolveServiceIdentity(
+      ServiceIdentityInfoDpo serviceIdentityInfo) {
+    ResolvedServiceIdentity resolvedServiceIdentity =
+        referenceToResolvedServiceIdentity.get(
+            serviceIdentityInfo.getIdentityInfoReference().getUrn());

Review Comment:
   Similar to `UserSecretReference`:  The reason we introduce a class for the 
reference can be found in this conversation: 
   https://github.com/apache/polaris/pull/1305#discussion_r2036278251
   
   Also shared the docstrings of the `UserSecretReference` here:
   ```
   /**
    * Represents a "wrapped reference" to a user-owned secret that holds an 
identifier to retrieve
    * possibly remotely-stored secret material, along with an open-ended 
"referencePayload" that is
    * specific to an implementation of the secret storage and which is needed 
"unwrap" the actual
    * secret in combination with whatever is stored in the remote secrets 
storage.
    *
    * <p>Example scenarios:
    *
    * <p>If an implementation simply stores secrets directly in the secrets 
manager, the
    * referencePayload may be empty and "unwrapping" would be a simple 
identity/no-op transformation.
    *
    * <p>If tampering or corruption of secrets in the secrets manager presents 
a unique threat, an
    * implementation may use the referencePayload to ensure data integrity of 
the secret by storing a
    * checksum or hash of the stored secret.
    *
    * <p>If the system must protect against independent exfiltration/attacks on 
a dedicated secrets
    * manager and the core persistence database, the referencePayload may be 
used to coordinate
    * secondary encryption keys such that the original secret can only be fully 
"unwrapped" given both
    * the stored "secret material" as well as the referencePayload and any 
associated keys used for
    * encryption.
    */
   ```



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