snazy commented on code in PR #2383:
URL: https://github.com/apache/polaris/pull/2383#discussion_r2451906627


##########
releasey/libs/_version.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+#
+# Utility functions for version validation and version.txt manipulation
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_exec.sh"
+
+function validate_and_extract_branch_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a release branch version and 
extracts its components (major.minor).
+  # It now accepts the major.minor.x format (e.g., "1.1.x") instead of exact 
version format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor.
+  # The patch version is not extracted from the branch name as it uses the "x" 
placeholder.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${BRANCH_VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  # patch is not set from branch name since it uses "x" placeholder
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_git_tag_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a git tag version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch and rc number).
+  # It is similar to validate_and_extract_rc_version, but for git tag format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor, patch, and rc_number.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format without the rc number.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX_GIT_TAG} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  rc_number="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_polaris_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a Polaris version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch).
+  # It accepts the full version format (e.g., "1.0.0-incubating") and sets the 
global variables major, minor, patch.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format.
+  # Returns 0 if the version is valid, 1 otherwise.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function update_version {
+  local version="$1"
+  local current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")
+  update_version_txt "${version}"
+  update_helm_version "${current_version}" "${version}"
+}
+
+function update_version_txt {
+  local version="$1"
+  # This function is only there for dry-run support.  Because of the
+  # redirection, we cannot use exec_process with the exact command that will be
+  # executed.
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    exec_process echo ${version} >$VERSION_FILE
+  else
+    exec_process "echo ${version} > $VERSION_FILE"
+  fi
+}
+
+function update_helm_version {
+  local old_version="$1"
+  local new_version="$2"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" 
"$HELM_CHART_YAML_FILE"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" "$HELM_README_FILE"
+  # The readme file may contain version with double dash for shields.io badges
+  # We need a second `sed` command to ensure that the version replacement 
preserves this double-dash syntax.
+  local current_version_with_dash=$(echo "$old_version" | sed 's/-/--/g')
+  local version_with_dash=$(echo "$version" | sed 's/-/--/g')
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${current_version_with_dash}/${version_with_dash}/" 
"$HELM_README_FILE"
+}
+
+function find_next_rc_number {
+  # This function finds the next available RC number for a given version.
+  # It returns 0 and sets the global variable rc_number to the next available 
RC number.
+  # RC numbers start from 0. It takes the version_without_rc as input (e.g., 
"1.0.0-incubating").
+  local version_without_rc="$1"
+
+  # Get all existing RC tags for this version
+  local tag_pattern="apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc*"
+  local existing_tags
+  existing_tags=$(git tag -l "${tag_pattern}" | sort -V)
+
+  if [[ -z "${existing_tags}" ]]; then
+    # No existing RC tags, start with RC0
+    rc_number=0
+  else
+    # Extract the highest RC number and increment
+    local highest_rc
+    highest_rc=$(echo "${existing_tags}" | sed 
"s/apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc//" | sort -n | tail -1)
+    rc_number=$((highest_rc + 1))
+  fi
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function find_next_patch_number {
+  # This function finds the next available patch number for a given 
major.minor version.
+  # It returns 0 and sets the global variable patch to the next available 
patch number.
+  # Patch numbers start from 0. It takes major and minor as input (e.g., "1", 
"0").
+  local major="$1"
+  local minor="$2"
+
+  # Get all existing tags for this major.minor version
+  local tag_pattern="apache-polaris-${major}.${minor}.*-incubating-rc*"
+  local existing_tags
+  existing_tags=$(git tag -l "${tag_pattern}" | sort -V)

Review Comment:
   Nit: could leverage array type here as well.



##########
releasey/libs/_version.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+#
+# Utility functions for version validation and version.txt manipulation
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_exec.sh"
+
+function validate_and_extract_branch_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a release branch version and 
extracts its components (major.minor).
+  # It now accepts the major.minor.x format (e.g., "1.1.x") instead of exact 
version format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor.
+  # The patch version is not extracted from the branch name as it uses the "x" 
placeholder.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${BRANCH_VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  # patch is not set from branch name since it uses "x" placeholder
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_git_tag_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a git tag version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch and rc number).
+  # It is similar to validate_and_extract_rc_version, but for git tag format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor, patch, and rc_number.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format without the rc number.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX_GIT_TAG} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  rc_number="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_polaris_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a Polaris version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch).
+  # It accepts the full version format (e.g., "1.0.0-incubating") and sets the 
global variables major, minor, patch.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format.
+  # Returns 0 if the version is valid, 1 otherwise.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function update_version {
+  local version="$1"
+  local current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")

Review Comment:
   To [prevent "masking" the return 
value](https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck/wiki/SC2155) of `cat`
   ```suggestion
     local current_version
     current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")
   ```



##########
releasey/libs/_version.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+#
+# Utility functions for version validation and version.txt manipulation
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_exec.sh"
+
+function validate_and_extract_branch_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a release branch version and 
extracts its components (major.minor).
+  # It now accepts the major.minor.x format (e.g., "1.1.x") instead of exact 
version format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor.
+  # The patch version is not extracted from the branch name as it uses the "x" 
placeholder.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${BRANCH_VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  # patch is not set from branch name since it uses "x" placeholder
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_git_tag_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a git tag version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch and rc number).
+  # It is similar to validate_and_extract_rc_version, but for git tag format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor, patch, and rc_number.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format without the rc number.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX_GIT_TAG} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  rc_number="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_polaris_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a Polaris version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch).
+  # It accepts the full version format (e.g., "1.0.0-incubating") and sets the 
global variables major, minor, patch.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format.
+  # Returns 0 if the version is valid, 1 otherwise.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function update_version {
+  local version="$1"
+  local current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")
+  update_version_txt "${version}"
+  update_helm_version "${current_version}" "${version}"
+}
+
+function update_version_txt {
+  local version="$1"
+  # This function is only there for dry-run support.  Because of the
+  # redirection, we cannot use exec_process with the exact command that will be
+  # executed.
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    exec_process echo ${version} >$VERSION_FILE
+  else
+    exec_process "echo ${version} > $VERSION_FILE"
+  fi
+}
+
+function update_helm_version {
+  local old_version="$1"
+  local new_version="$2"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" 
"$HELM_CHART_YAML_FILE"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" "$HELM_README_FILE"
+  # The readme file may contain version with double dash for shields.io badges
+  # We need a second `sed` command to ensure that the version replacement 
preserves this double-dash syntax.
+  local current_version_with_dash=$(echo "$old_version" | sed 's/-/--/g')
+  local version_with_dash=$(echo "$version" | sed 's/-/--/g')
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${current_version_with_dash}/${version_with_dash}/" 
"$HELM_README_FILE"
+}
+
+function find_next_rc_number {
+  # This function finds the next available RC number for a given version.
+  # It returns 0 and sets the global variable rc_number to the next available 
RC number.
+  # RC numbers start from 0. It takes the version_without_rc as input (e.g., 
"1.0.0-incubating").
+  local version_without_rc="$1"
+
+  # Get all existing RC tags for this version
+  local tag_pattern="apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc*"
+  local existing_tags
+  existing_tags=$(git tag -l "${tag_pattern}" | sort -V)
+
+  if [[ -z "${existing_tags}" ]]; then
+    # No existing RC tags, start with RC0
+    rc_number=0
+  else
+    # Extract the highest RC number and increment
+    local highest_rc
+    highest_rc=$(echo "${existing_tags}" | sed 
"s/apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc//" | sort -n | tail -1)

Review Comment:
   Nit: could use an array and leverage that it's already sorted.
   ```suggestion
     existing_tags=($(git tag -l "${tag_pattern}" | sort -V))
   
     if [[ ${#Fruits[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
       # No existing RC tags, start with RC0
       rc_number=0
     else
       # Extract the highest RC number and increment
       local highest_rc
       highest_rc=$(echo 
"${existing_tags[-1]//apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc/")
   ```



##########
.github/workflows/release-2-update-release-candidate.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 2 - Update version and Changelog for Release Candidate
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  update-release-candidate:
+    name: Release - 2 - Update version and Changelog for Release Candidate
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          # Fetch full history. Branch operations require this.
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          # Use a token with write permissions
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Configure Git
+        run: |
+          git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config --global user.email 
"github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Auto-determine release branch and next RC number
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          # Get the current branch name
+          current_branch=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          # Validate that we're on a release branch
+          if [[ ! "${current_branch}" =~ ^release/(.+)$ ]]; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid branch: \`${current_branch}\`. This workflow must 
be run from a release branch (release/major.minor.x)" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Extract version from release branch name
+          branch_version="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+
+          # Validate branch version format and extract components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_branch_version "${branch_version}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid release branch version format: 
\`${branch_version}\`, expected: major.minor.x" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Find the next available patch number for this major.minor version
+          find_next_patch_number "${major}" "${minor}"
+
+          # Build the target version using branch major.minor and determined 
patch
+          version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+          # Find the next available RC number by checking existing tags
+          find_next_rc_number "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          # Build the new release tag
+          release_tag="apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc${rc_number}"
+
+          # Export all variables for next steps
+          echo "release_tag=${release_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "major=${major}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "minor=${minor}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "patch=${patch}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "release_branch=${current_branch}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Release branch | \`${current_branch}\` |
+          | Version without RC | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          | Release tag | \`${release_tag}\` |
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Verify GitHub checks are passing
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_github.sh"
+
+          # Get the current HEAD commit SHA
+          current_commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+          echo "## Validation" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          # Verify all GitHub checks are passing
+          if ! check_github_checks_passed "${current_commit}"; then
+            echo "❌ GitHub checks are not all passing for commit 
\`${current_commit}\`. Please ensure all checks pass before updating the 
release candidate." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          echo "All GitHub checks are passing for commit 
\`${current_commit}\`" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Update project versions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          update_version "${version_without_rc}"
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Version update
+          All version files updated to \`${version_without_rc}\`
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Update changelog
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+          exec_process ./gradlew patchChangelog
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Changelog
+          Changelog patched successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Commit and push changes
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Commit version files and changelog
+          exec_process git add "$VERSION_FILE" "$HELM_CHART_YAML_FILE" 
"$HELM_README_FILE"
+          exec_process git add "$CHANGELOG_FILE"

Review Comment:
   Super nit:
   ```suggestion
             exec_process git add \
               "$VERSION_FILE" \
               "$HELM_CHART_YAML_FILE" \
               "$HELM_README_FILE" \
               "$CHANGELOG_FILE"
   ```



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1

Review Comment:
   Nit: maybe use 'tee` so the Gradle output is captured on the console.
   ```suggestion
             exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache 
closeApacheStagingRepository -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info 2>&1 | tee 
gradle_publish_output.txt
   ```
   



##########
releasey/libs/_version.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+#
+# Utility functions for version validation and version.txt manipulation
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_exec.sh"
+
+function validate_and_extract_branch_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a release branch version and 
extracts its components (major.minor).
+  # It now accepts the major.minor.x format (e.g., "1.1.x") instead of exact 
version format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor.
+  # The patch version is not extracted from the branch name as it uses the "x" 
placeholder.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${BRANCH_VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  # patch is not set from branch name since it uses "x" placeholder
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_git_tag_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a git tag version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch and rc number).
+  # It is similar to validate_and_extract_rc_version, but for git tag format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor, patch, and rc_number.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format without the rc number.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX_GIT_TAG} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  rc_number="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_polaris_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a Polaris version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch).
+  # It accepts the full version format (e.g., "1.0.0-incubating") and sets the 
global variables major, minor, patch.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format.
+  # Returns 0 if the version is valid, 1 otherwise.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function update_version {
+  local version="$1"
+  local current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")
+  update_version_txt "${version}"
+  update_helm_version "${current_version}" "${version}"
+}
+
+function update_version_txt {
+  local version="$1"
+  # This function is only there for dry-run support.  Because of the
+  # redirection, we cannot use exec_process with the exact command that will be
+  # executed.
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    exec_process echo ${version} >$VERSION_FILE

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
       exec_process echo "${version}" >$VERSION_FILE
   ```



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1
+
+          # Extract staging repository ID and URL from Gradle output
+          staging_repo_id=""
+          staging_repo_url=""
+
+          # Look for staging repository ID in the output
+          if grep -q "Created staging repository" gradle_publish_output.txt; 
then
+            staging_repo_id=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\1/")
+            staging_repo_url=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\2/")
+          fi
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Nexus Staging Repository
+          Artifacts published and staging repository closed successfully
+
+          | Property | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id:-"Not extracted"}\` |
+          | Staging Repository URL | ${staging_repo_url:-"Not extracted"} |
+
+          ## Summary
+          🎉 Artifacts built and published successfully:
+
+          | Operation | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Build source and binary distributions | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          | Close Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          EOT
+
+  build-docker:
+    name: Build Docker Images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-and-publish-artifacts]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Server Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-server:assemble 
:polaris-server:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Admin Tool Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-admin:assemble 
:polaris-admin:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+          echo "## Docker Images Summary" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          🎉 Docker images built successfully:
+
+          | Component | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Polaris Server Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          | Polaris Admin Tool Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-stage-helm-chart:
+    name: Build and Stage Helm Chart
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-docker]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Helm
+        uses: azure/setup-helm@fe7b79cd5ee1e45176fcad797de68ecaf3ca4814 # v4
+        with:
+          version: 'latest'
+
+      - name: Install Helm GPG plugin
+        run: |
+          helm plugin install https://github.com/technosophos/helm-gpg || true

Review Comment:
   Why's the `|| true` needed? Mind adding a comment?



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1
+
+          # Extract staging repository ID and URL from Gradle output
+          staging_repo_id=""
+          staging_repo_url=""
+
+          # Look for staging repository ID in the output
+          if grep -q "Created staging repository" gradle_publish_output.txt; 
then
+            staging_repo_id=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\1/")
+            staging_repo_url=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\2/")
+          fi
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Nexus Staging Repository
+          Artifacts published and staging repository closed successfully
+
+          | Property | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id:-"Not extracted"}\` |
+          | Staging Repository URL | ${staging_repo_url:-"Not extracted"} |
+
+          ## Summary
+          🎉 Artifacts built and published successfully:
+
+          | Operation | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Build source and binary distributions | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          | Close Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          EOT
+
+  build-docker:
+    name: Build Docker Images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-and-publish-artifacts]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Server Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-server:assemble 
:polaris-server:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"

Review Comment:
   Should this be 
   ```suggestion
               -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${version}"
   ```
   ?



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1
+
+          # Extract staging repository ID and URL from Gradle output
+          staging_repo_id=""
+          staging_repo_url=""
+
+          # Look for staging repository ID in the output
+          if grep -q "Created staging repository" gradle_publish_output.txt; 
then
+            staging_repo_id=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\1/")
+            staging_repo_url=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\2/")
+          fi
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Nexus Staging Repository
+          Artifacts published and staging repository closed successfully
+
+          | Property | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id:-"Not extracted"}\` |
+          | Staging Repository URL | ${staging_repo_url:-"Not extracted"} |
+
+          ## Summary
+          🎉 Artifacts built and published successfully:
+
+          | Operation | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Build source and binary distributions | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          | Close Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          EOT
+
+  build-docker:
+    name: Build Docker Images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-and-publish-artifacts]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Server Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-server:assemble 
:polaris-server:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Admin Tool Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-admin:assemble 
:polaris-admin:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+          echo "## Docker Images Summary" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          🎉 Docker images built successfully:
+
+          | Component | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Polaris Server Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          | Polaris Admin Tool Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-stage-helm-chart:
+    name: Build and Stage Helm Chart
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-docker]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Helm
+        uses: azure/setup-helm@fe7b79cd5ee1e45176fcad797de68ecaf3ca4814 # v4
+        with:
+          version: 'latest'
+
+      - name: Install Helm GPG plugin
+        run: |
+          helm plugin install https://github.com/technosophos/helm-gpg || true
+          helm plugin list
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Create Helm package
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process cd helm
+          exec_process helm package polaris
+          exec_process helm gpg sign polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz
+          calculate_sha512 polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.sha512
+          exec_process gpg --armor --output 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.asc --detach-sig 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz
+          calculate_sha512 polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov.sha512
+          exec_process gpg --armor --output 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov.asc --detach-sig 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov
+
+      - name: Stage Helm chart to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"

Review Comment:
   (similar svn/credentials as above)



##########
.github/workflows/release-2-update-release-candidate.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 2 - Update version and Changelog for Release Candidate
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  update-release-candidate:
+    name: Release - 2 - Update version and Changelog for Release Candidate
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          # Fetch full history. Branch operations require this.
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          # Use a token with write permissions
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Configure Git
+        run: |
+          git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config --global user.email 
"github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Auto-determine release branch and next RC number
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          # Get the current branch name
+          current_branch=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          # Validate that we're on a release branch
+          if [[ ! "${current_branch}" =~ ^release/(.+)$ ]]; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid branch: \`${current_branch}\`. This workflow must 
be run from a release branch (release/major.minor.x)" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Extract version from release branch name
+          branch_version="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+
+          # Validate branch version format and extract components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_branch_version "${branch_version}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid release branch version format: 
\`${branch_version}\`, expected: major.minor.x" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Find the next available patch number for this major.minor version
+          find_next_patch_number "${major}" "${minor}"
+

Review Comment:
   Just to prevent some potential debugging round trips, it might be nice to 
print the results like
   ```suggestion
             echo "Next patch number: ${patch}"
   
   ```
   here and after the other calls that "return" (change) a global variable. We 
can later remove that, if necessary. I'm just thinking that the initial runs 
may go sideways - Murphy's law and such... ;)



##########
.github/workflows/release-4-publish-release.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 4 - Publish Release After Vote Success
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+      staging_repository_id:
+        description: 'Nexus staging repository ID to release (e.g., 
orgapachepolaris-1234)'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+jobs:

Review Comment:
   Mind adding a final job (maybe in a follow-up) to print the proposed 
`[ANNOUNCE]` email subject and content?



##########
releasey/libs/_exec.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_log.sh"
+
+function exec_process {
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    print_command "Executing '${*}'"
+    "$@"
+  else
+    print_command "Dry-run, WOULD execute '${*}'"
+  fi
+}
+
+function calculate_sha512 {
+  local source_file="$1"
+  local target_file="$2"
+  # This function is only there for dry-run support.  Because of the
+  # redirection, we cannot use exec_process with the exact command that will be
+  # executed.
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    exec_process shasum -a 512 "${source_file}" > "${target_file}"
+  else
+    exec_process "shasum -a 512 ${source_file} > ${target_file}"

Review Comment:
   Nit: could remove the 2nd argument
   ```suggestion
       exec_process shasum -a 512 "${source_file}" > "${source_file}.sha512"
     else
       exec_process "shasum -a 512 ${source_file} > ${source_file}.sha512"
   ```



##########
releasey/libs/_version.sh:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+#
+# Utility functions for version validation and version.txt manipulation
+#
+
+LIBS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_constants.sh"
+source "$LIBS_DIR/_exec.sh"
+
+function validate_and_extract_branch_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a release branch version and 
extracts its components (major.minor).
+  # It now accepts the major.minor.x format (e.g., "1.1.x") instead of exact 
version format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor.
+  # The patch version is not extracted from the branch name as it uses the "x" 
placeholder.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${BRANCH_VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  # patch is not set from branch name since it uses "x" placeholder
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_git_tag_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a git tag version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch and rc number).
+  # It is similar to validate_and_extract_rc_version, but for git tag format.
+  # It returns 0 if the version is valid and sets the global variables major, 
minor, patch, and rc_number.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format without the rc number.
+  # Otherwise, it returns 1.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX_GIT_TAG} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  rc_number="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function validate_and_extract_polaris_version {
+  # This function validates the format of a Polaris version and extracts its 
components (major.minor.patch).
+  # It accepts the full version format (e.g., "1.0.0-incubating") and sets the 
global variables major, minor, patch.
+  # It also sets the global variable version_without_rc to the 
"major.minor.patch-incubating" format.
+  # Returns 0 if the version is valid, 1 otherwise.
+  local version="$1"
+
+  if [[ ! ${version} =~ ${VERSION_REGEX} ]]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  major="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+  minor="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+  patch="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+  version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${patch}-incubating"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+function update_version {
+  local version="$1"
+  local current_version=$(cat "$VERSION_FILE")
+  update_version_txt "${version}"
+  update_helm_version "${current_version}" "${version}"
+}
+
+function update_version_txt {
+  local version="$1"
+  # This function is only there for dry-run support.  Because of the
+  # redirection, we cannot use exec_process with the exact command that will be
+  # executed.
+  if [[ ${DRY_RUN:-1} -ne 1 ]]; then
+    exec_process echo ${version} >$VERSION_FILE
+  else
+    exec_process "echo ${version} > $VERSION_FILE"
+  fi
+}
+
+function update_helm_version {
+  local old_version="$1"
+  local new_version="$2"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" 
"$HELM_CHART_YAML_FILE"
+  exec_process sed -i~ "s/${old_version}/${new_version}/g" "$HELM_README_FILE"
+  # The readme file may contain version with double dash for shields.io badges
+  # We need a second `sed` command to ensure that the version replacement 
preserves this double-dash syntax.
+  local current_version_with_dash=$(echo "$old_version" | sed 's/-/--/g')
+  local version_with_dash=$(echo "$version" | sed 's/-/--/g')

Review Comment:
   Nit: simplify ((SC2001)[https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck/wiki/SC2001])
   ```suggestion
     local current_version_with_dash
     local version_with_dash
     current_version_with_dash="$(echo "${old_version//-/--}")"
     version_with_dash="$(echo "$version//-/--}")"
   ```



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"

Review Comment:
   This one worries me, as `exec_process` logs all arguments. I'm not sure how 
good GH's secrets masking is 🤷 
   
   Sadly I couldn't find an easy way to provide SVN the credentials. It doesn't 
seem to support env vars for this and updating the auth-cache is also not that 
easy.
   
   Mind adding an `exec_process` variant that doesn't log the whole command 
line but rather a provided string? Something like
   ```
   exec_process2 "Performing svn checkout ..." svn checkout --username 
"$SVN_USERNAME" --password "$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive 
"${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" "${dist_dev_dir}"
   ```



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"

Review Comment:
   Similar here (`exec_process` + credentials)



##########
.github/workflows/release-4-publish-release.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 4 - Publish Release After Vote Success
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+      staging_repository_id:
+        description: 'Nexus staging repository ID to release (e.g., 
orgapachepolaris-1234)'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  publish-release:
+    name: Release - 4 - Publish Release After Vote Success
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          # Fetch full history for proper branch operations
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          # Use a token with write permissions
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Configure Git
+        run: |
+          git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config --global user.email 
"github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+          # Validate staging repository ID parameter
+          staging_repo_id="${{ github.event.inputs.staging_repository_id }}"
+          if [[ -z "${staging_repo_id}" ]]; then
+            echo "❌ Staging repository ID is required but not provided." >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "STAGING_REPOSITORY_ID=${staging_repo_id}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Input Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "| Parameter | Value |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "| --- | --- |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "| Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id}\` |" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+      - name: Auto-determine release parameters from branch and Git state
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          # Get the current branch name
+          current_branch=$(git branch --show-current)
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          # Validate that we're on a release branch
+          if [[ ! "${current_branch}" =~ ^release/(.+)$ ]]; then
+            echo "❌ This workflow must be run from a release branch 
(release/major.minor.x). Current branch: \`${current_branch}\`." >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Extract version from release branch name
+          branch_version="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+
+          # Validate branch version format and extract components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_branch_version "${branch_version}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid release branch version format: 
\`${branch_version}\`. Expected format: major.minor.x." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Find the next patch number for this major.minor version by looking 
at existing tags
+          find_next_patch_number "${major}" "${minor}"
+          next_patch=$((patch))
+          latest_patch=$((next_patch - 1))
+
+          if [[ ${next_patch} -eq 0 ]]; then
+            echo "❌ No existing tags found for version 
\`${major}.${minor}.0\`. Expected at least one RC to be created before 
publishing a release." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Build the version string for the latest existing patch
+          version_without_rc="${major}.${minor}.${latest_patch}-incubating"
+
+          # Find the latest RC tag for this version
+          find_next_rc_number "${version_without_rc}"
+          latest_rc=$((rc_number - 1))
+
+          if [[ ${latest_rc} -lt 0 ]]; then
+            echo "❌ No RC tags found for version \`${version_without_rc}\`. 
Expected at least one RC to be created before publishing a release." >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          rc_tag="apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}-rc${latest_rc}"
+
+          # Verify the RC tag exists
+          if ! git rev-parse "${rc_tag}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "❌ RC tag \`${rc_tag}\` does not exist in repository." >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Create final release tag name
+          final_release_tag="apache-polaris-${version_without_rc}"
+
+          # Check if final release tag already exists
+          if git rev-parse "${final_release_tag}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "❌ Final release tag \`${final_release_tag}\` already exists. 
This release may have already been published." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_tag=${rc_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "final_release_tag=${final_release_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "release_branch=${current_branch}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC tag to promote | \`${rc_tag}\` |
+          | Final release tag | \`${final_release_tag}\` |
+          | Release branch | \`${current_branch}\` |
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Copy distribution from SVN dev to release space
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Define source and destination URLs
+          
dev_artifacts_url="${APACHE_DIST_URL}/dev/incubator/polaris/${version_without_rc}"
+          
release_artifacts_url="${APACHE_DIST_URL}/release/incubator/polaris/${version_without_rc}"
+
+          
dev_helm_url="${APACHE_DIST_URL}/dev/incubator/polaris/helm-chart/${version_without_rc}"
+          
release_helm_url="${APACHE_DIST_URL}/release/incubator/polaris/helm-chart/${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn mv --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive \

Review Comment:
   (exec_process / svn creds, as above)
   and `svn` below



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1
+
+          # Extract staging repository ID and URL from Gradle output
+          staging_repo_id=""
+          staging_repo_url=""
+
+          # Look for staging repository ID in the output
+          if grep -q "Created staging repository" gradle_publish_output.txt; 
then
+            staging_repo_id=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\1/")
+            staging_repo_url=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\2/")
+          fi
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Nexus Staging Repository
+          Artifacts published and staging repository closed successfully
+
+          | Property | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id:-"Not extracted"}\` |
+          | Staging Repository URL | ${staging_repo_url:-"Not extracted"} |
+
+          ## Summary
+          🎉 Artifacts built and published successfully:
+
+          | Operation | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Build source and binary distributions | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          | Close Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          EOT
+
+  build-docker:
+    name: Build Docker Images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-and-publish-artifacts]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Server Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-server:assemble 
:polaris-server:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Admin Tool Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-admin:assemble 
:polaris-admin:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
               -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${version}"
   ```
   ?



##########
.github/workflows/release-4-publish-release.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 4 - Publish Release After Vote Success
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+      staging_repository_id:
+        description: 'Nexus staging repository ID to release (e.g., 
orgapachepolaris-1234)'
+        required: true
+        type: string

Review Comment:
   For the future:
   I think we could store the staging repo ID as a separate file in SVN and 
read it in this workflow. WDYT?



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  prerequisite-checks:
+    name: Prerequisite Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      dry_run: ${{ steps.set-outputs.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ steps.validate-tag.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        id: set-outputs
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=1" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "dry_run=0" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+
+      - name: Validate release candidate tag
+        id: validate-tag
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_version.sh"
+
+          echo "## Parameters" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+
+          if ! git_tag=$(git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null); 
then
+            echo "❌ Current HEAD is not on a release candidate tag. Please 
checkout a release candidate tag first." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Validate git tag format and extract version components
+          if ! validate_and_extract_git_tag_version "${git_tag}"; then
+            echo "❌ Invalid git tag format: \`${git_tag}\`. Expected format: 
apache-polaris-x.y.z-incubating-rcN." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Export variables for next steps and job outputs
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "git_tag=${git_tag}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version_without_rc=${version_without_rc}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "rc_number=${rc_number}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          | Parameter | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Git tag | \`${git_tag}\` |
+          | Version | \`${version_without_rc}\` |
+          | RC number | \`${rc_number}\` |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-publish-artifacts:
+    name: Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: prerequisite-checks
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Build source and binary distributions
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew assemble sourceTarball -Prelease -PuseGpgAgent
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Build
+          Source and binary distributions built successfully
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          version_dir="${dist_dev_dir}/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process mkdir -p "${version_dir}"
+          exec_process cp build/distributions/* "${version_dir}/"
+          exec_process cp runtime/distribution/build/distributions/* 
"${version_dir}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Staging to dist dev
+          Artifacts staged to Apache dist dev repository
+          EOT
+
+      - name: Publish and close Apache Nexus staging repository
+        env:
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apacheUsername: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_apachePassword: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          # Publish artifacts to staging repository
+          exec_process ./gradlew publishToApache closeApacheStagingRepository 
-Prelease -PuseGpgAgent --info > gradle_publish_output.txt 2>&1
+
+          # Extract staging repository ID and URL from Gradle output
+          staging_repo_id=""
+          staging_repo_url=""
+
+          # Look for staging repository ID in the output
+          if grep -q "Created staging repository" gradle_publish_output.txt; 
then
+            staging_repo_id=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\1/")
+            staging_repo_url=$(grep "Created staging repository" 
gradle_publish_output.txt | sed --regexp-extended "s/^Created staging 
repository .([a-z0-9-]+). at (.*)/\2/")
+          fi
+
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          ## Nexus Staging Repository
+          Artifacts published and staging repository closed successfully
+
+          | Property | Value |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Staging Repository ID | \`${staging_repo_id:-"Not extracted"}\` |
+          | Staging Repository URL | ${staging_repo_url:-"Not extracted"} |
+
+          ## Summary
+          🎉 Artifacts built and published successfully:
+
+          | Operation | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Build source and binary distributions | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache dist dev repository | ✅ |
+          | Stage artifacts to Apache Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          | Close Nexus staging repository | ✅ |
+          EOT
+
+  build-docker:
+    name: Build Docker Images
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-and-publish-artifacts]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@8df1039502a15bceb9433410b1a100fbe190c53b # v4
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '21'
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Server Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-server:assemble 
:polaris-server:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+      - name: Build Polaris Admin Tool Docker image
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process ./gradlew :polaris-admin:assemble 
:polaris-admin:quarkusAppPartsBuild --rerun \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.build=true \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.push=false \
+            -Dquarkus.docker.buildx.platform="linux/amd64,linux/arm64" \
+            -Dquarkus.container-image.tag="${git_tag}"
+
+          echo "## Docker Images Summary" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          cat <<EOT >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          🎉 Docker images built successfully:
+
+          | Component | Status |
+          | --- | --- |
+          | Polaris Server Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          | Polaris Admin Tool Docker image | ✅ Built |
+          EOT
+
+  build-and-stage-helm-chart:
+    name: Build and Stage Helm Chart
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [prerequisite-checks, build-docker]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    env:
+      DRY_RUN: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.dry_run }}
+      git_tag: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.git_tag }}
+      version_without_rc: ${{ 
needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.version_without_rc }}
+      rc_number: ${{ needs.prerequisite-checks.outputs.rc_number }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set up Helm
+        uses: azure/setup-helm@fe7b79cd5ee1e45176fcad797de68ecaf3ca4814 # v4
+        with:
+          version: 'latest'
+
+      - name: Install Helm GPG plugin
+        run: |
+          helm plugin install https://github.com/technosophos/helm-gpg || true
+          helm plugin list
+
+      - name: Import GPG key
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        with:
+          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPG_PASSPHRASE }}
+          git_user_signingkey: true
+          git_commit_gpgsign: true
+
+      - name: Create Helm package
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          exec_process cd helm
+          exec_process helm package polaris
+          exec_process helm gpg sign polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz
+          calculate_sha512 polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.sha512
+          exec_process gpg --armor --output 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.asc --detach-sig 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz
+          calculate_sha512 polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov.sha512
+          exec_process gpg --armor --output 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov.asc --detach-sig 
polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz.prov
+
+      - name: Stage Helm chart to Apache dist dev repository
+        env:
+          SVN_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.APACHE_USERNAME }}
+          SVN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APACHE_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_constants.sh"
+          source "${LIBS_DIR}/_exec.sh"
+
+          dist_dev_dir=${RELEASEY_DIR}/polaris-dist-dev
+          exec_process svn checkout --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive "${APACHE_DIST_URL}${APACHE_DIST_PATH}" 
"${dist_dev_dir}"
+
+          exec_process mkdir -p 
"${dist_dev_dir}/helm-chart/${version_without_rc}"
+          exec_process cp helm/polaris-${version_without_rc}.tgz* 
"${dist_dev_dir}/helm-chart/${version_without_rc}/"
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}/helm-chart"
+          exec_process helm repo index .
+
+          exec_process cd "${dist_dev_dir}"
+          exec_process svn add "helm-chart/${version_without_rc}"
+
+          exec_process svn commit --username "$SVN_USERNAME" --password 
"$SVN_PASSWORD" --non-interactive -m "Stage Apache Polaris Helm chart 
${version_without_rc} RC${rc_number}"

Review Comment:
   (similar svn/credentials as above)



##########
.github/workflows/release-3-build-and-publish-artifacts.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 3 - Build and Publish Release Artifacts
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:

Review Comment:
   Mind adding a final job (maybe in a follow-up) to print the proposed 
`[VOTE]` email subject and content?



##########
.github/workflows/release-1-create-release-branch.yml:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+name: Release - 1 - Create Release Branch
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: 'Release version without RC number (e.g., 
1.0.0-incubating)'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      dry_run:
+        description: 'Dry run mode (check to enable, uncheck to perform actual 
operations)'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+
+jobs:
+  create-release-branch:
+    name: Release - 1 - Create Release Branch
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4
+        with:
+          # Fetch full history for proper branch operations
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          # Use a token with write permissions
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASEY_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBS_DIR=$(pwd)/releasey/libs" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+          echo "## Mode" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [[ "${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "DRY_RUN=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "‼️ DRY_RUN mode enabled - No actual changes will be made" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          else
+            echo "DRY_RUN=0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "DRY_RUN mode disabled - Performing actual operations" >> 
$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          fi
+

Review Comment:
   Nit: Mind adding this to all jobs that may pull Docker images to use GH's 
docker.io mirror?
   ```
         - name: Setup test environment
           uses: ./.github/actions/setup-test-env
   ```



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