Linux-Misc Digest #94, Volume #19 Fri, 19 Feb 99 06:13:12 EST
Contents:
Re: Duplicate ext2 hard drive for backup (Tim Moore)
Re: Windowmaker upgrade blew away my root background (Brad Corsello)
Re: printing a header (David M. Cook)
Re: RE Linux Suxx - Sorry (Andrei A. Dergatchev)
Problem with Hard Drive w/Linux kernel ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Oracle 8.0.5 on linux - SHMMAX kernel parameter?? ("Gerard H. Pille")
Re: Linux has too many problems (MS employee trolling?) (M. Buchenrieder)
bash, csh, tcsh, ... ??? (Fabrizio Albonico)
Re: Simple text processor ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: $KDEDIR and kdm_on ("Peter Vaughan")
RedHat 5.2 -> 2.2.x required updates RPMs available (Tim Moore)
kernel panic at boot ("bM")
Re: Advice for Microsoft-haters (Thomas Joynt)
Re: GCC x EGCS (Floyd Davidson)
Re: Linux suxxxx (Nick Codon)
Re: Searching for a Linux Sequencer (Nick Codon)
Re: KDE Desktop with Redhat Apollo ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Advice for Microsoft-haters (Thomas Joynt)
Logging Telnet Sessions to a Text File ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Word Perfect 8.0 d/l question (Peter Ajamian)
Re: Help with samples of regular expressions syntax please (era eriksson)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 00:59:38 -0800
From: Tim Moore <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Duplicate ext2 hard drive for backup
> If you umount everything, then where does the dd binary run from?
Root (/) doesn't actually get unmounted, so /bin /sbin /etc /boot etc are
still there.
[0:56] asus:~/bin > whereis dd
dd: /bin/dd /usr/man/man1/dd.1
--
[Replies: yy -> y]
"Everything is permitted. Nothing is forbidden."
WS Burroughs.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Brad Corsello)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Windowmaker upgrade blew away my root background
Reply-To: bcorsello@usa.#NOSPAM.net
Date: 19 Feb 1999 09:01:53 GMT
On Mon, 08 Feb 1999 17:49:42 -0600, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>And, where did you get the idea that it is a "hippie commune" product.
>When we stay off politics and religion most of us get along nicely here!
>(Except that Linux and a religion in itself! Repent or else! ;-))
Don't get me wrong! I'm fully in favor of hippy communes!
Peace, love, and crunchy granola to y'all.
--
Brad Corsello, New York, NY. (Remove #NOSPAM from reply-to address.)
No animals were harmed in the writing of this message.
Check out my cats' home page: http://members.xoom.com/bcorsello/cats.html
*** Powered by Linux 2.2.1.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (David M. Cook)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: printing a header
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 07:48:12 GMT
On Wed, 17 Feb 1999 15:38:03 -0500, roe <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>How do I print a header on the top of each page of a text file?
>I need each page to have time, date, file name.
>I can't seem to figure out how to do this.
I usually use something like
nenscript -2Gr foo
nenscript is a version of the enscript utility. This prints 2 pages a
printed page in landscape mode with a "gaudy" border with header info and
page number. nenscript -G would do just the header.
There are also utilities like a2ps which will do fancy formatting and
headers.
Dave Cook
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Andrei A. Dergatchev)
Subject: Re: RE Linux Suxx - Sorry
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:22:39 GMT
[snip]
> But my conclusion is that to
......^^^^^^^
*Your* conclusion is wrong. Look at the number of everyday
traffic of this group, for example, and read topics being
discussed.
>advise companies to use a package which seems to be in permenant early Beta
>just because you hate Microsoft would be folly. Microsoft have nothing to
>worry about just yet.
This is only true when applied to users who aren't willing
to learn and prefer to make conclusions like yours instead.
Noone is arguing that there is one ultimate OS for everyone.
Pick what you like.
>
>Best Regards & Thank you again for you advice.
>
>[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
No regards sorry - you put too bad things in the subject.
>
Andrei
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Problem with Hard Drive w/Linux kernel
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 07:37:06 GMT
I'm using Redhat 5.2, Intel edition, on a 486/100 mhz (amd), kernel 2.0.36,
and I'm encountering problems with my Seagate ST31276 hard drive, (620/64/63)
CHS. At first, it loads up fine, gets through linuxconf, but, when I start
downloading files, when it writes to the disk, I get this on my screen:
hda: write_intr: status = 0x50 { DriveReady SeekComplete }
end_request: I/O error, dev 03:02, sector 665127
ide0: reset: success
My partition table is setup with a win95 partition as the first primary
partition, second and third primary are linux native and swap, respectively.
Also, I'm using lilo. Anyways, the messages are starting to spam, and the
machine locks up. Any ideas on how to solve?
If so, replay and you have my thanks.
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------------------------------
From: "Gerard H. Pille" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Oracle 8.0.5 on linux - SHMMAX kernel parameter??
Date: 18 Feb 1999 13:25:31 GMT
As you can see in the previous reply, you need to modify an include file,
and to compile a new kernel. So if you want to do it, you will have to
install a development version of your linux. But is it necessary?
Yesterday I installed Oracle with my standard kernel, and the parameter
settings seem to be high enough for a starter database.
--
Kind Regards,
Gerard
Al Dev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
> Oracle install guide says to set the linux kernel parameter SHMMAX to
> some value.
>
> How do I set the linux kernel parameter SHMMAX, SHMMIN and others??
>
> al
>
>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (M. Buchenrieder)
Subject: Re: Linux has too many problems (MS employee trolling?)
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 09:29:47 GMT
[F`Up set to cola]
"Stefan Verkoyen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>Yeah right,
>that is the biggest bunch of crap I've ever heared.
Maybe, maybe not.
>If you didn't know anything about computers you couldn't install redhat in
>three hours and knowing it works.
I beg to differ. If you are using plain compatible HW, then setting up
RH 3.x would probably work right out of the box, even without any UN*X
knowledge whatsoever. Then, again, "setting up" is not necessarily
identical to "have it all work the way it should".
>Or you are enormous intelligent or you aren't telling the thruth over here.
>If you don't know a thing about computers, but you know everything about
>swapfiles, bootmanagers, xwindows, choosing drivers,
>etc..
[...]
You don't really need that for setting up a simple RH box. The RH setup/
install programs have been written for a purpose. If you simply let
them do the work with the default settings, then you shouldn't have to
face any problems at all (assuming your HW is good).
Me thinks that the original poster either is just trolling, or used
broken HW if he really had the problems he described.
Michael
--
Michael Buchenrieder * [EMAIL PROTECTED] * http://www.muc.de/~mibu
Lumber Cartel Unit #456 (TINLC) & Official Netscum
Note: If you want me to send you email, don't mungle your address.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 11:07:50 +0100
From: Fabrizio Albonico <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: bash, csh, tcsh, ... ???
Hello,
mine might be a stupid question, but I try anyway: since Linux (as UNIX)
supports several types of shells, I was wondering which one to use.
Are there substantial differences that make us prefer one instead of the others?
Or is it just a matter of personal preference?
Any comment on that is welcome!
- Fabrizio
BTW: I use tcsh...
--
============================================================================
RANDOM QUOTE:
The wonderful thing about a dancing bear is not how well he dances,
but that he dances at all.
Fabrizio Albonico, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Student in Electrical Engineering @ Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
============================================================================
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Simple text processor
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 09:30:48 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Tim Laursen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> joseph_a_philbrook__iii wrote:
>
> > Hmmmmnnnn Now I don't know about origianal poster but that sounds good to
> > me, I think...
> >
> > Would LyX require xfree??? if so could you point me at a console (non-X)
> > frontend for LaTex ??? (If I could use the front ends features while I'm
> > still too green to realy understand LaTex, I'd start trying to learn that
> > aspect of the linux enviroment a lot sooner...<g> )
>
> Yes, LyX very much requires an X windows environment. In fact it also
> requires the XForms tool kit.
>
> You don't have to REALLY understand LaTeX in order to start using it. It
> is said that you only need to know about twelve commands to be able to
> make basic documents. All the fancy stuff will come later. You should
> get yourself a good book, like "The LaTeX Companion", or something like
> that.
>
> Unfortunately ;-) for you, you are faced with having to learn about
> LaTeX AND a console based editor, like Emacs or vi. I hope the learning
> curve doesn't knock you out.
>
> Good luck to you.
>
> --
>
> (\ Best regards, /)
> -||||8- Tim -8||||-
> (/ 2B OR NOT 2B = FF \)
>
I had the same request when I dumped windows a fast easy inteligent text
editor. Emacs will prove to be fantastic when I learn it, LaTeX is what I
will move towards but I need something to get my work done now.
I found a wonderful little program "asWedit" available from AdvaSoft
http://www.advasoft.com/
It both produces pure txt files, and HTML files. It has a learning curve that
is almost flat. If you have met any word processor, text editor, code writer
this program is the easiest thing to hack through. It is small of footprint
(after the last few years of windoze program bloat I have begun to appreciate
programs that perform well and are written eloquently.) and fast to download,
easy as unzipping to install, and three cheers it works.
I have found this a more than competent alternative to TextPad and FlexEd in
the windows world, and have ease of printing, file transfer and the bonus of
a HTML 4.0 editor.
For an office suite try StarOffice 5.0. everything of any other office package
and more so, including a great fax ability.
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------------------------------
From: "Peter Vaughan" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.x,comp.os.linux.help
Subject: Re: $KDEDIR and kdm_on
Date: 16 Feb 1999 14:43:23 GMT
May be a silly question but did you do as it says - login again as root -
after you installed KDE.
If memory serves me right KDEDIR is added to one of the /etc/profile.d
files which are run when you login.
Hope this helps
Peter
Wojtek Lukaszewicz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in article
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
> Hello KDE users!
> Just installed KDE1.1pre2 on my RH5.2 system, no
> sweat...
> Following the installation instructions I typed (as root):
>
> [root@Nowy /root]# /opt/kde/bin/kdm_on
>
> ..... and that's what I got:
>
> "kdm_on" cannot run because $KDEDIR is not set:
> (Log in again as root, and try again)
>
> any ideas?
> thanks,
> Wojciech
>
>
>
>
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 01:32:59 -0800
From: Tim Moore <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: RedHat 5.2 -> 2.2.x required updates RPMs available
ftp://ftp.us.kernel.org/pub/redhat/updates/5.2/kernel-2.2/
--
[Replies: yy -> y]
"Everything is permitted. Nothing is forbidden."
WS Burroughs.
------------------------------
From: "bM" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: kernel panic at boot
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 09:58:53 -0400
Hi
for some unknown reasons I got the kernel panic message.
(linux slackware 2.0.30) I tried to boot with floppies, but I got the same
error message.I tried at LILO message
linux init=/bin/bash
but I got the same message.Any help is appreciated
Bernard
------------------------------
From: Thomas Joynt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.advocacy
Subject: Re: Advice for Microsoft-haters
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 02:41:12 -0800
Keith Peterson wrote:
> >Oh, and one might ask who those damn "Boolean expressions" are named
> after....
>
> George Boole - Born in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England
>
> >P.S.: And extra points for anyone who can name the birth countries of the
> > three people who shared a Nobel Prize for the invention of the
> > transistor ;-)
>
> John Bardeen - Born in Madison, Wisconsin
>
> William Bradford Shockley - Born in London, England
>
> Walter H. Brattain - Born in Amoy, China
>
All three residing in the US (California, actually... :>). All goes to prove
that California is the center of the Universe. ::grin::
(Disclaimer: this is a joke.... a JOKE. It is meant to be funny (to me) or at
least offensive (to everyone else). If you do not appreciate such witticisms,
please forward your flames to /dev/null)
>
> Point well taken!
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Floyd Davidson)
Subject: Re: GCC x EGCS
Date: 19 Feb 1999 09:05:00 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Bill Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>> >should I use both?
>> If you have 2.0.x kernel you should use GCC to compiling kernel and EGCS to
>> compiling programs.
>How do you find out what kernel you have? Thanks!
Run "uname -a" to see.
However, there is no reason not to use EGCS to compile a 2.0.x
kernel. It requires application of a simple patch to the source
code tree and thats it.
Floyd
--
Floyd L. Davidson [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Ukpeagvik (Barrow, Alaska) [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Pictures of the North Slope at <http://www.ptialaska.net/~floyd>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Nick Codon)
Subject: Re: Linux suxxxx
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 14:03:03 GMT
>
>> <flame-bait>
>> I have yet to see any Linux documentation that is as good as the
>> corresponding documentation for Windows. On the other hand,
>Depends what level you're working on. Buy a Windoze machine with an OEM
>installation and what documentation do you get? Online help?
>
As you say the OEM documentation of Windows sucks. Let me tell you the upgrade does
also. I think that M$ also wants to
have the cash from selling books with more explanation.
Yesterday I bought RedHat 5.2 Extra Boxset. The documentation included is quiet
complete compared to the manuals of Win
95 (oem) and 98 (upgrade). The last time I saw this comlete docmentation was with
non-computer machinery.
Ok it's technical, but If you know what's inside the metal box of your computer the
information will be good.
This weekend I'll install it on my computer. Because I'm used to Win 98, I've asked
advise from someone who has
installed Linux before, so it will be easier (I hope). For now I'm reading the manual
and collect as much information
about my PC as possible (35 times reinstalling windows has helped me knowing what's on
the inside of the metal box, and
what is it's biggest problems).
Wish me luck this saturday.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Nick Codon)
Subject: Re: Searching for a Linux Sequencer
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 14:03:05 GMT
On Wed, 17 Feb 1999 17:00:23 +0000, Daren Scot Wilson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Such things are out there. I found several web pages that list gobs of
>music and sound software for linux.
>a search like "+linux +software +music +midi sox multitrack theremouse
>yarec". The last few are names of specific apps.
Thanks, but I think Win9x and cubase VST 3.5 will still be needed. I had a mail from
someone who also uses cubase with
the Steinberg PC-MIDI 3-Parallel port MIDI interface, and he hasn't found a linux
driver for this midi interface. And no
Midi interface, no sound from the synths.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: KDE Desktop with Redhat Apollo
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 13:49:27 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Michel Catudal <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >
> > > > snd? Is that a KDE program?
> > > >
> > >
> > > A sound reader program to record music off CD or LPs. It refuses to record
at
> > a
> > > higher speed that 8035Hz which is useless. My input of 44100 is
overwritten
> > with the
> > > ridiculous default. I have to go to winblows NT to record my LPs.
> >
> > I insist: is it a KDE program? There is a sound recorder for KDE, too, but I
> > don't know if it's the one you are talking about. So, unless I am sure what
> > program you are referring to, it's not easy to help you.
> >
>
> snd is a sound program, nothing to do with kde. As for krecord I haven't been
> able to get it to compile, it complains about .h files missing. The names
> fly off the screen so I don't get to see the first message that it chokes on.
> I just gave up on that one. I installed all the stuff that was on the CD
directory
> for the redhat kde.
Ok, then. The best thing to do is probably to just try another program.
I bet there are several of them at www.freshmeat.net or www.linuxberg.com
Best regards,
--
Roberto Alsina (KDE developer, MFCH)
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------------------------------
From: Thomas Joynt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.advocacy
Subject: Re: Advice for Microsoft-haters
Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 03:04:48 -0800
jedi wrote:
> On Thu, 11 Feb 1999 11:39:56 -0800, Steve Cyr <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> >James Ewing wrote in message ...
> >>
> >>I love these off-topic threads! Makes linux.misc much more entertaining.
> >>
> >>On Wed, 10 Feb 1999, Io wrote:
> >>
> >>> > the
> >>> > biggest hurdle in the Manhattan Project was likely just figuring out
> >how
> >>> > to 1) isolate the pure form of uranium needed, and 2) figiuring out how
> >>> > to design an enclosure to facilitate said slamming of pieces together).
> >>> >
> >>> > --
> >>> >
> >>> > Paul Doherty
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> It was my understanding the largest issue was the design of the shaped
> >>> charges and the critical nature of getting them to detonate at the exact
> >>> same time to "crunch" the uranium to critical mass.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>
> >>The Manhattan project made two kinds of bombs - a Uranium bomb (Fat
> >>Man) and a Plutonium bomb (Little Boy). Evidently a Uranium bomb is easier
> >>to detonate than a Plutonium bomb because it reaches critical mass more
> >>easily (physists are welcome to flame me on this point!).
> >>
> >>The Fat Man U235 bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima was described by one
> >>author as 'a stove pipe with a Uranium plug aimed toward a lump of Uranium
> >>in a stove belly' (paraphrased). The Plutonium bomb, which Nagasaki
> >>received, required precise timed detonation of lense shaped charges around
> >>a spherical Plutonium mass.
> >>
> >>There is much speculation as to why the US needed to drop two bombs when
> >>one should have sufficed. My opinion is that they wanted to test the
> >>Plutonium bomb. The one live test in New Mexico was of a Uranum 235 bomb
> >>and I think the politicians and scientists were curious if the Plutonium
> >>bomb would work. It answered their questions, but was a bit rough on the
> >>poor residents of Nagasaki...
> >
> >
> >The justification I heard for the second detonation at Nagasaki was that
> >the US felt is was necessary to demostrate that they really were capable
> >of building more than one of these things. But the Nagasaki bomb was the
> >last one they had--it would take months to make any more, because the
> >processes for making the U235 & Plutonium were so slow.
> >
> >If only one was needed, why didn't Japan surrender after the first one at
> >Hiroshima? An argument could be made that they needed a little more
> >persuading.
>
> Even after the second bomb, there were elements of the
> military that still had no interest in surrender and
> even attempted a coup.
>
Whether the US was positive that Japan was ready to surrender or not is
something for the historians to debate.
Reguardless, the US saw the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings as a chance to
"warn" the USSR that they had full nuclear capability and to dissuade them from
becoming too agressive. Sadly, those bombings were arguably more politically
then tactically motivated.
>
> Mind you, those 2 nukes get quite a bad repuation when
> conventional bombing missions were causing far greater
> damage and total war was a matter of policy on all sides.
>
True, but they were still nuclear devices that had lasting radioactive effectrs
as well. There is a certain stigma attached with that.
>
> --
> Herding Humans ~ Herding Cats
>
> Neither will do a thing unless they really want to, or |||
> is coerced to the point where it will scratch your eyes out / | \
> as soon as your grip slips.
>
> In search of sane PPP docs? Try http://penguin.lvcm.com
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Logging Telnet Sessions to a Text File
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 14:13:06 GMT
Is it possible to log a telnet session to a text file? I'm trying to
diagnose some Cisco switches and need to send some screen dumps. I read the
man pages on telnet and noticed the tracefile option, but I could not get it
to work.
Thanks,
James
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 1999 01:10:57 -0800
From: Peter Ajamian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Word Perfect 8.0 d/l question
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Where can I download WP8 that works? I've tried umpteen times, both the
> single file, the small files, from both cdrom.com and download.com, and they
> all come saying that they are a *.gz file, but aren't, and if you do a tar
> -xvf on them, they all quite after awhile saying that they aren't complete,
> etc.
>
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> Rob O'Connell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > don't forget - you can ftp and do a "reget" - just make sure you are setup in
> the
> > same way as before - ie remote and local directories the same - then "reget
> > nameof file" - then the ftp program compares what has been downloaded, and
> > continues...I use this all the time, and it has gotten me to bed many hours
> > earlier than normal!!
> >
> > good luck!
> >
> > Rob
> >
> > Rluby wrote:
> >
> > > I've just dl/d the single-file version of WP 8.0 PE and the result was a
> > > tar file of about 12mb. Since my dl terminated unexpectedly, I wonder it
> this
> > > is
> > > the correct size of the file, or do I have to dl it again - in the multi
> > > segment version.?
> >
> > --
> > Rob O'Connell - "Work is the curse of the drinking class" - Oscar Wilde
> > lab#: (608) 2659467 mob#: (608) 3473838 home#: (608) 2519918
> > Work address: Plasma Physics, 1150 University Ave., Madison WI 53706
> > mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] http://aida.physics.wisc.edu/~oconnell
> >
> >
>
> -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==----------
> http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
Well I am a relative newbie to Linux myself, but I did just recently d/l and
install the multifile version of WordPerfect 8, so I'll tell you what I had to do
to get it to work:
1. create an install directory and move all the GUI0?.GZ files to it.
2. uncompress the files and rename them into lower case with commands as
follows...
gunzip -c GUI00.GZ > gui00
gunzip -c GUI01.GZ > gui01
...
gunzip -c GUI06.GZ > gui06
3. use tar to extract the files from the now uncompressed archives as follows...
tar -xvf gui00
tar -xvf gui01
...
tar -xvf gui06
4. run the install script ./Runme
note that the install script will quit on you with the message nothing to install
if you do not have the gui0? files (in lowercase) in the install directory as well
as the files that you expanded from them. Why they distribute the files with
uppercase names when the install script requires lowercase is a mystery to me
(maybe the guy who assembled the files was unfamiliar with the concept of case
sensitive).
At any rate the above procedure is how I got the install to work and (hopefully)
it will work for you also.
Good luck:)
Peter
------------------------------
From: era eriksson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.unix.user-friendly
Subject: Re: Help with samples of regular expressions syntax please
Date: 19 Feb 1999 12:52:13 +0200
On Thu, 18 Feb 1999 17:24:07 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
(Larry Bados) posted to comp.os.linux.misc,comp.unix.user-friendly:
When posting to multiple newsgroups, please set up a followup-to to
just one group. I have set followups for this to c.u.u-f (not that I
expect any).
It is also generally considered inappropriate to ask for help with
your homework on Usenet.
Hot tip: Read the stuff in news.announce.newusers before posting
again.
> What regular expressions syntax would match:
>> 1) Lines that contain the words "hot" and "cold"
>> 2) Lines that contain the words "eat" but not "cats"
1) hot|cold -- note that if you test this with egrep, you need to
quote the regular exression. Actually it's a good idea to +always+
single-quote the first argument to grep. (You get in trouble when
you want to search for a single quote character, but let's discuss
this in the advanced shell programming course.)
Plain Old Grep didn't have the | alternation operator, although
modern implementations usually understand it, perhaps in the form
\| -- traditionally, this is the domain of "extended regular
expressions" and thus egrep.
If you need to do this strictly with a traditional "unextended"
expression, it's not directly possible, but you can of course set
up a pipeline (see next answer). Some greps will actually let you
use the following -- I believe undocumented -- syntax:
grep -e 'hot' -e 'cold' files
(Don't tell them I told you this.)
2) is not very easy to express with standard regular expressions. You
can set up a pipeline something like
grep 'eat' files | grep -v 'cats'
The purpose of the exercise is probably to trick you into thinking
that eat[^s] or [^c]at[^s] or even -- good heavens, close your
eyes when reading this -- [e^c]at[^s] or [^cats] is a solution,
and then humiliate you in class enough to make you think about why
it's not a solution after all.
Actually you could construct a regular expression something like
this (I had to split it over several lines so I thought I might as
well comment it. Remove the comments (# whatever), all the
surrouding whitespace, and glue this back together):
^ # beginning of line
( # group the following:
([^ec]|[ec][^a]|[ec]a[^t]|cat[^s])* # any number of non-eat non-cats
eat # eat
)+ # at least one occurrence of this group
([^ec]|[ec][^a]|[ec]a[^t]|cat[^s])* # more optional non-eat non-cats
(c(at?)?)? # permit a partial cat before ...
$ # ... end of line.
This is again something Plain Old Grep won't cope with. The
parentheses (for grouping), the ? "zero or one" operator, and the
| alternation operator are not standard in grep. Even the + "one
or more" operator was, I believe, not known to the original grep.
But like I wrote above, many modern greps have some or all of
these operators in some form. Anyhow, with egrep you'll be safe
and portable.
In general, if your teacher has not provided you with the necessary
materials to figure this out yourself, you should complain to his/her
superiors. Meanwhile, any old introduction to Unix will cover regular
expressions (and glob patterns, which you asked about earlier) in some
depth.
Hope this helps,
/* era */
--
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