Linux-Misc Digest #874, Volume #19 Sat, 17 Apr 99 02:13:14 EDT
Contents:
Re: x11amp - is my sound configured properly? (Jeremiah)
Using Linux as a Solaris install-server. Almost there! ("Thomas Cameron")
DCX Files (Jesus Mogollon)
Dreamweaver clone for Linux ("Werner Schnitzel")
Re: Posting to Newsgroups / Sending Email (Keven R. Pittsinger)
? Linux community manage vs. chaos ? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Email with Earthlink, Sendmail, exmh, mh, Linux libc5 (brian moore)
Re: Posting to Newsgroups / Sending Email (brian moore)
Re: Idea: Make a seperate "i686" tree for Redhat Linux 6.0 (Geoff McCaughan)
Re: When is RedHat 5.3 coming?? (Ewan Dunbar)
Re: Hacker (brian moore)
Re: Linux version of autoexec.bat (Bob Martin)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Jeremiah)
Subject: Re: x11amp - is my sound configured properly?
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.debian,comp.os.linux.sound
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 04:56:56 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore) spake thusly:
> Weird: I downloaded 0.2.12-1 a couple days ago and it's still set to
> -1. (Yep, 0.2.12 is current, and is what is on the GNOME web page: if
> 0.2.11 fixed it, they re-introduced it with 0.2.12.)
>
No, you're probably right... what probably happened is that
Red Hat fixed the bug in one of the other packages... Here's the
relevent output from ps:
15578 ? S 2:23 esd -terminate -nobeeps -as 2
so RH probably changed the call to have the '-as 2' flag wherever
in the GNOME startup esd is called from... IIRC, I grabbed the
updates from:
http://www.labs.redhat.com/gnome-1.0-rpms-apr14.shtml
and then things worked... (note that esound isn't one of the RPMs there)
Now, it's possible that they worked before that, since I don't know if
I tried it on the days between the 12th (when I first got the RH RPMs)
and the 15th (when I got the updated RPMs).
Brian
--
email to bmeloon at twcny dot rr dot com. evilquaker is a spam collector.
------------------------------
From: "Thomas Cameron" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
alt.os.linux,alt.os.linux.slackware,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.sys.sun.admin,comp.sys.sun.misc,comp.unix.solaris
Subject: Using Linux as a Solaris install-server. Almost there!
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 00:08:42 -0500
Howdy all -
Sorry this is so long. I got the following article from
http://www.bus.ualberta.ca/cstudhol/unix/Solaris-Linux-NetInstall.html
(thanks for pointing it out, Darrell). I am trying to get a Linux box to
serve as an install server for a new (to me) Sparcbook 3GX I just bought. I
have the Solaris 2.6 CD, but no CDROM drive for the Sparcbook. I know, a
surplus or used CDROM drive would be cheap, but how would that expand my
little mind? >grin<
In the article below, the author *almost* made this setup work. Seems he
ran into an NFS issue. Now I know Linux NFS is very forgiving. I hear
Solaris NFS is not. I think I remember seeing that Solaris NFS uses a
different buffer size from Linux. Is it possible that the buffer size is
different between the Lin-box and the Sol-box? Anyone know what can be done
on the Linux box to make it export data in a format that the Solaris box
will understand? I looked through the man page for mount on the Lin-box,
and it indicated that the default buffer size is 1024. What is it on
Solaris? How can I change it, and should I change it on the Lin-box or the
Sol-box?
Thanks a bunch for any pointers.
If convenient, please reply via e-mail as well as post.
Thomas Cameron
Article follows:
****************************************************************************
*****
The odd person has asked about this subject in comp.os.solaris before so
I'll
post my (partial) success for all who are interested.
I have successfully installed Solaris 2.7 on an SS5 using a linux machine as
the install server. Unfortunately, I needed an Ultra running Solaris 2.6
for
one part of the procedure. Perhaps someone can figure out how to do this
entirely with linux and let me know.
The machines I used:
ss5box - an SS5 with 1GB disk and 64MB RAM. No operating system.
linuxbox - intel RH5.2 with kernel 2.2.0pre4. This machine has two
network
cards and acts as a firewall/router with ip masquerading. The
ss5box and linuxbox are on the same subnet.
ultrabox - an Ultra2 running Solaris 2.6. This machine is located on the
internet about 5 hops away from the other two machines.
The software required on the linux machine includes:
- rarp compiled in the kernel or loaded as a module
- tftp and inetd configured to run it
- nfs server and portmap
- bootparamd
First, find out the ethernet address and pick an IP address for ss5box.
Setup rarp:
linuxbox# rarp -s ss5box 00:00:3b:80:43:79
If you wish to verify that rarp is working, run tcpdump on linuxbox while
attempting to boot ss5box:
ok> boot net
Next, you need to figure out what kernel ss5box is going to attempt to load.
tcpdump can help with this. My machine wanted C0A8850D.SUN4M. To give it
this kernel, create the following symlink in /tftpboot on linuxbox:
linuxbox# ln -s
/cdrom/Solaris_2.7/Tools/Boot/usr/platform/sun4m/lib/fs/nfs/inetboot
/tftpboot/C0A8850D.SUN4M
linuxbox# ls -l /tftpboot
total 1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 68 Jan 5 22:48 C0A8850D.SUN4M ->
/cdrom/Solaris_2.7/Tools/Boot/usr/platform/sun4m/lib/fs/nfs/inetboot
If your machine is not sun4m architecture, substitute your architecture in
the
appropriate location above. Also, it is assumed that you have the Solaris
2.7
installation media mounted at /cdrom on linuxbox.
If you now attempt to boot ss5box, it should indicate that it is loading the
kernel, but then fail with some RPC timeouts.
To setup and run bootparamd, first create the file /etc/bootparams with the
line:
ss5box domain=house.net root=ultrabox:/tmp/sol7/Tools/Boot
install=linuxbox:/cdrom boottype=:in root_opts=:rsize=8192 ns=192.168.1.1
Run bootparamd on linuxbox with the command:
linuxbox# rpc.bootparamd -d -r 192.168.1.1
This runs bootparamd in interactive mode with debug messages on. Run this
in
one xterm window. 192.168.1.1 is the IP address of linuxbox on the
interface
connected to ss5box.
Two NFS servers are required. One to serve a root filesystem to the install
program, and one to serve the installation media (the cdrom).
Unfortunately,
I was unable to get linuxbox to serve both of these purposes. There seems
to be something wrong with having a linux machine serve the root filesystem.
The filesystem is successfully mounted, but the Solaris machine reports NFS
read errors. To get around this problem, I used an existing Solaris machine
(ultrabox) as the NFS server for the root filesystem, but used linuxbox to
serve the installation cd.
/etc/exports on linuxbox contains:
/cdrom ss5box(ro,no_root_squash)
/etc/dfs/dfstab on ultrabox contains:
share -F nfs -o ro=linuxbox,root=linuxbox /tmp/sol7
It is interesting that ss5box has no trouble mounting the root filesystem
from ultrabox via IP masquerading. The root filesystem on ultrabox is
copied from Solaris_2.7/Tools/Boot/ on the installation cd.
These steps should be all that is required to install Solaris on ss5box.
Start the installation process with:
ok> boot net - install
A few error messages will appear, like 'no domain set' even though
bootparams
does have a domain set. Also, there will be some message about not having
access to jumpstart parameters. Just hit [ENTER] to do an interactive
install. The isntallation should be successful.
I hope this helps people get Solaris installed on their SparcStation without
a cdrom drive. If anyone figures out the problem with NFS, please let me
know.
------------------------------
From: Jesus Mogollon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: DCX Files
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 01:08:53 +0000
Does anybody know about an utility to see/convert DCX files? I need to
convert a whole bunch of them and I'm able to using Imagemagick but it
only shows the first page of the documents (They are "fax files" so each
file is supposed to show me multi-page documents). Thanks
P.S: Please send me email to my address above... get rid of NOSPAM
------------------------------
From: "Werner Schnitzel" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Dreamweaver clone for Linux
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 02:11:16 GMT
If someone was to create a Linux program VERY similar to Macromedia's
Dreamweaver and release it for free, what would the legal implications be?
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Keven R. Pittsinger)
Subject: Re: Posting to Newsgroups / Sending Email
Date: 17 Apr 1999 01:55:42 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore) writes:
> On Fri, 16 Apr 1999 21:16:43 GMT,
> Steve D. Perkins <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> I have been having the annoying problem recently of not being
>> able to post to newgroups from home anything that is longer than a
>> couple of lines. Any posting beyond that, and the program just sits
>> there infinately until I cancel the send. This is happening with all
>> of the newsreader applications that I have, and with all of the news
>> servers that I can get groups from.
>
> I bet you can't ftp large uploads well, either.
>
>> I suppose that the problem has to be somewhere in the OS
>> itself (I've even tried different ISP's)... but I have no idea where.
>
> Nope. It's in your modem setup.
>
>> I do know that I've never been able to use "localhost" as the
>> SMTP server to send email when I'm dialed in to an ISP... about half
>> of the messages that I try to send with my own machine as the SMTP
>> server never leave my machine. They sit in a queue for about five
>> days and are then passed to my "root" mailbox. Once in a blue moon I
>> have these same kinds of problems sending regular email as well...
>> even though I am now using the ISP's settings for SMTP.
>
> You're missing one.
>
>> I wonder if there is some kind of processes or daemons
>> internal to Linux that might be interfering with emails and postings
>> going through to outside SMTP and NNTP servers? Do I need to disable
>> sendmail or anything else somehow?
>
> My bet: you're set for the wrong sort of handshaking with your modem.
>
> If you install your modem properly, you'll have a fast link (usually
> 115k) between your computer and the modem, and a substantially slower
> link (28.8k->52kish) between your modem and your ISP. This will allow
> the modems to compress data and get the most out of your bandwidth.
>
> The catch is that when data isn't compressable (or not compressable
> enough) the modem will get much more data than it can send. Being off a
> little bit won't cause a problem, since the modem has internal buffers
> for building the packets and can deal with it, but you can't just force
> 115kbps at your modem blindly, which is what you're doing: packets will
> get lost and protocols will come to a screeching halt.
>
> The solution: make sure you have 'crtscts' as one of the options in your
> invocation of pppd so that it will use hardware handshaking. Likewise,
> make sure that your modem is set to do RTS/CTS handshaking (&K3 on my
> modem, but it's also default, so you may be able to get away with not
> setting it).
>
> With RTS/CTS handshaking, the modem will tell your computer when its
> buffers are full and to back off on sending data. This will let
> applications that have been overflowing those buffers survive and life
> will be peachy.
I'm having much the same problems with my web pages. I can't upload them
to Earthlink or Geocities (not the best choices, I know!) without the
reciever's ftp client locking up. I've got a weird K56 modem, but I also
get this with my old 14.4 plugged in, too. And yeah, rts/cts handshaking
is enabled in my /user/local/bin/ppp-on script:
#!/bin/sh
#
# Script to initiate a ppp connection. This is the first part of the
# pair of scripts. This is not a secure pair of scripts as the codes
# are visible with the 'ps' command. However, it is simple.
#
# These are the parameters. Change as needed.
TELEPHONE=8247901
ACCOUNT=ELN/jamstar
PASSWORD=(you really think I'd tell *YOU* guys????)
LOCAL_IP=0.0.0.0
REMOTE_IP=0.0.0.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
#
# Export them so that they will be available at 'ppp-on-dialer' time.
export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD
#
# This is the location of the script which dials the phone and logs
# in. Please use the absolute file name as the $PATH variable is not
# used on the connect option. (To do so on a 'root' account would be
# a security hole so don't ask.)
#
DIALER_SCRIPT=/usr/local/bin/ppp-on-dialer
#
# Initiate the connection
#
# I put most of the common options on this command. Please, don't
# forget the 'lock' option or some programs such as mgetty will not
# work. The asyncmap and escape will permit the PPP link to work with
# a telnet or rlogin connection. You are welcome to make any changes
# as desired. Don't use the 'defaultroute' option if you currently
# have a default route to an ethernet gateway.
#
exec /usr/sbin/pppd /dev/modem 115200 lock asyncmap 0 crtscts defaultroute connect
$DIALER_SCRIPT
Any other hints I might need to look at?
Keven
--
tc++ tm+ tn t4- to ru++ ge+ 3i c+ jt au st- ls pi+ ta+ he+ so- vi zh sy
==============================================================================
Science-Fiction Adventure
In Reavers' Deep
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: ? Linux community manage vs. chaos ?
Date: 16 Apr 1999 22:01:07 GMT
Hi Linux community members,
How is it possible that Linux has succesfully grown by contributions from
so many different persons, without degenerating into chaos ?
Where did the structures originate, and become disciplined/enforced to:
collect bug reports and enhancements, to feed into next code update,
..........................................documentation update,
enable contributions from dispersed outsiders, yet avoid chaos from
undiscipled/incompetent 'members',
allow division of labour, (specialisation) in co-operated efforts,
etc .............etc ?
Thanks, Chris Glur. [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore)
Crossposted-To:
comp.mail.sendmail,comp.mail.mh,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Email with Earthlink, Sendmail, exmh, mh, Linux libc5
Date: 17 Apr 1999 02:16:19 GMT
On 17 Apr 1999 01:33:49 GMT,
Keven R. Pittsinger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> No, I need to rig sendmail.cf so that gulf.net and AOL truly consider me
> as part of Earthlink. Freddie.jamstar.com is my home machine. I've asked
> this several times. Trust me, you're *NOT* helping.
Well, you've made it slightly difficult, considering that your login
name on your home machine differs from that in your address. (The usual
trick that I do is to make them match, so I'm 'bem' on every machine and
the only trick is the domain.)
At any rate, what you want to use is the 'genericstable' feature of
sendmail. This lets you rewrite the envelope to match what it 'should'
be from a table.
>From the handy-dandy sendmail.org web page:
enericstable This feature will cause certain addresses
originating locally (i.e. that are unqualified) or
a domain listed in $=G to be looked up in a map and
turned into another ("generic") form, which can
change both the domain name and the user name. This
is similar to the userdb functionality. The same
types of addresses as for masquerading are looked
up, i.e. only header sender addresses unless the
allmasquerade and/or masquerade_envelope features
are given. Qualified addresses must have the domain
part in the list of names given by the macros
GENERICS_DOMAIN or GENERICS_DOMAIN_FILE (analogously
to MASQUERADE_DOMAIN and MASQUERADE_DOMAIN_FILE, see
below).
The argument of FEATURE(`genericstable') may be the
map definition; the default map definition is:
hash -o /etc/genericstable
The key for this table is either the full address or
the unqualified username (the former is tried
first); the value is the new user address. If the
new user address does not include a domain, it will
be qualified in the standard manner, i.e. using $j
or the masquerade name. Note that the address being
looked up must be fully qualified. For local mail,
it is necessary to use FEATURE(`always_add_domain')
for the addresses to be qualified.
To enable this in the sendmail on stock RH5.2, uncomment the line in
/etc/sendmail.cf that defines the table, uncomment out the rulesets for
it (look for "generics" and you'll see them) and create the proper hash
file (use 'makemap' instead of 'hash' above).
--
Brian Moore | "The Zen nature of a spammer resembles
Sysadmin, C/Perl Hacker | a cockroach, except that the cockroach
Usenet Vandal | is higher up on the evolutionary chain."
Netscum, Bane of Elves. Peter Olson, Delphi Postmaster
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore)
Subject: Re: Posting to Newsgroups / Sending Email
Date: 16 Apr 1999 22:07:45 GMT
On Fri, 16 Apr 1999 21:16:43 GMT,
Steve D. Perkins <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I have been having the annoying problem recently of not being
> able to post to newgroups from home anything that is longer than a
> couple of lines. Any posting beyond that, and the program just sits
> there infinately until I cancel the send. This is happening with all
> of the newsreader applications that I have, and with all of the news
> servers that I can get groups from.
I bet you can't ftp large uploads well, either.
> I suppose that the problem has to be somewhere in the OS
> itself (I've even tried different ISP's)... but I have no idea where.
Nope. It's in your modem setup.
> I do know that I've never been able to use "localhost" as the
> SMTP server to send email when I'm dialed in to an ISP... about half
> of the messages that I try to send with my own machine as the SMTP
> server never leave my machine. They sit in a queue for about five
> days and are then passed to my "root" mailbox. Once in a blue moon I
> have these same kinds of problems sending regular email as well...
> even though I am now using the ISP's settings for SMTP.
You're missing one.
> I wonder if there is some kind of processes or daemons
> internal to Linux that might be interfering with emails and postings
> going through to outside SMTP and NNTP servers? Do I need to disable
> sendmail or anything else somehow?
My bet: you're set for the wrong sort of handshaking with your modem.
If you install your modem properly, you'll have a fast link (usually
115k) between your computer and the modem, and a substantially slower
link (28.8k->52kish) between your modem and your ISP. This will allow
the modems to compress data and get the most out of your bandwidth.
The catch is that when data isn't compressable (or not compressable
enough) the modem will get much more data than it can send. Being off a
little bit won't cause a problem, since the modem has internal buffers
for building the packets and can deal with it, but you can't just force
115kbps at your modem blindly, which is what you're doing: packets will
get lost and protocols will come to a screeching halt.
The solution: make sure you have 'crtscts' as one of the options in your
invocation of pppd so that it will use hardware handshaking. Likewise,
make sure that your modem is set to do RTS/CTS handshaking (&K3 on my
modem, but it's also default, so you may be able to get away with not
setting it).
With RTS/CTS handshaking, the modem will tell your computer when its
buffers are full and to back off on sending data. This will let
applications that have been overflowing those buffers survive and life
will be peachy.
--
Brian Moore | "The Zen nature of a spammer resembles
Sysadmin, C/Perl Hacker | a cockroach, except that the cockroach
Usenet Vandal | is higher up on the evolutionary chain."
Netscum, Bane of Elves. Peter Olson, Delphi Postmaster
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Geoff McCaughan)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.system
Subject: Re: Idea: Make a seperate "i686" tree for Redhat Linux 6.0
Date: 16 Apr 1999 21:08:37 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Christopher Browne ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
> On 8 Apr 1999 17:07:45 -0400, Alexander Viro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> >Johan Kullstam <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >>not if you're from a commonwealth country - which includes new zealand
> >>(where is the old zealand btw?). in *english* (as opposed to american
> > ^^^^^^^ - Zeeland.
> >
> > Gaak... Across the North Sea (looking from England, that is).
> >Netherlands. Heck, they *really* don't teach history and geography
> >in schools, or what?
>
> Not even in commonwealth countries... :-(
>
> I was not aware of that; the surprising factor is that it was named
> after a "foreign" nation, or am I showing *complete* ignorance in being
> unaware of a transition of New Zealand from Dutch control to English
> control?
NZ was named by Abel Tasman, but it was never under Dutch control. The next
European on the scene was James Cook, almost 100 years later.
I'm not sure what you mean by "named after a foreign nation". Zeeland is not
a nation, and it was not foreign to Tasman.
------------------------------
From: Ewan Dunbar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: When is RedHat 5.3 coming??
Date: Fri, 16 Apr 1999 18:23:43 -0400
On Fri, 16 Apr 1999, garv wrote:
> Al Dev wrote:
>
> > I heard RedHat would be releasing RH 5.3 during 1st week of april.
> > Linux with new kernel version 2.2 (SMP).
> >
> > It will be 6.0 on May 1, 1999
But guess who'll cry...
================================================
Ewan Dunbar [EMAIL PROTECTED]
================================================
Visit Preston Manning: Action Hero at
http://earl.thedunbars.com/pmah/index.html
================================================
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian moore)
Subject: Re: Hacker
Date: 17 Apr 1999 03:50:24 GMT
On 17 Apr 1999 01:45:54 GMT,
Ziya Arnavut <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> I am running Red Hat 5.1 on my system and this is the
> second time a hacker is breaking in using ftp deamon i believe
Replace your ftpd then.
> Here are the traces left in /.bash_history file
Nifty.
> /////////////////////////////////////
> w
> w
> ps -uax|more
> ls
> ls
Boy, he has a short attention span.
This is a tricky spot: we don't know where he is right now. One guess:
he's not in /usr/sbin, where the real rpc.mountd lives. This is just
another file by the same name.
> mv rpc.mountd /tmp
> cd /tmp
> ls
> w
> ls
> w
The fake rpc.mountd is now in /tmp. Keep your eye on it.
> mv l /bin/login
> chmod +x /bin/login
He trojaned your login program. I assume you've replaced this?
> ls
> ls -lta /bni/login
> ls -lta /bin/login
> telnet localhost
Checking to make sure his new one gives him a root shell.
> ls
> mkdir /usr/src/linux/". "
> mv rpc.mountd /usr/src/linux/". "
Now the real rpc.mountd is hiding within your source directory.
> ls
> cd /usr/src
> cd linux
> cd ". "
> ls
> ls -lta
Making sure it's stull there.
> ps -uax
> kill -9 25165
Bet you that 25165 was rpc.mountd.
> grep -v moof /etc/passwd
> grep -v moof /etc/passwd > a
> mv a /etc/passwd
Take the password he added to /etc/passwd out.
> ls
> w
> chmod +x rpc.mountd
> export PATH="."
> rpc.mountd &
Run this mountd so you don't notice the real one is missing.
> exit
The rest is from a second attack. We'll skip the parts that are the
same.
> ps -uax|grep rpc
> kill -9 3974
Ah, see: he is killing rpc.mountd as I suspected earlier.
> mv tcpd rpc.mountd
> export PATH="."
> chmod +x rpc.mountd
> /bin/chmod
> /bin/chmod +x rpc.mountd
> rpc.mountd &
And then running his replacement.
> What I don't understand is, what is he doing with "rpc.mountd" ?
Nothing: he's killing off the real one and replacing it with a trojan.
The trojan probably listens on a port and lets him log back in later.
> Also, how can I prevent people who are utilizing "ftp" deamon
> becoming root in our system.
Keep up to date on your security patches (see redhat's site for the
latest RPMs). Use IP firewalling where appropriate. Don't run services
you don't need. (Do you really need rpc.mountd running?)
--
Brian Moore | "The Zen nature of a spammer resembles
Sysadmin, C/Perl Hacker | a cockroach, except that the cockroach
Usenet Vandal | is higher up on the evolutionary chain."
Netscum, Bane of Elves. Peter Olson, Delphi Postmaster
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 00:41:14 -0500
From: Bob Martin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux version of autoexec.bat
The startup scripts are the rc files.
Carl Davis wrote:
> What file would act like the autoexec.bat file?
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
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