Linux-Misc Digest #944, Volume #19 Sun, 25 Apr 99 07:13:19 EDT
Contents:
Re: Telnet Login as ROOT (Keven R. Pittsinger)
Re: FORTRAN comilers (John Girash)
Re: PPP null modem (request gory details) (John Girash)
Re: Criminally Insane Programmers Are Attracted To Open Source Code (Stephan I.
Boettcher)
Re: XFree86 3.3.3.1-1.1.i386.rpm (Jimmy Navarro)
what's the difference? (Rino Mardo)
Attn: digs (was: PPP null modem (request gory details)) (Scott Lanning)
Re: multiple X sessions ("Michael Schmeing")
Re: Newbie--What is my PATH file? ("Michael Schmeing")
Re: newbie: how to decompress patch-2.2.6.gz (Bob Martin)
cron.hourly redirecting ("Daniel Gooderidge")
Re: Problem with unmounting a CDROM (in /dev/mtab) (Oliver.Natt)
Re: Tell me how Linux boots ? ("Cameron Spitzer")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Keven R. Pittsinger)
Subject: Re: Telnet Login as ROOT
Date: 25 Apr 1999 03:15:24 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <7ftvii$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
"Brian Schell" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Hello!
>
> I'm looking at moving our server off-site, and need to be able to telnet
> in as root. I realize you can't do this as root, so I tried to give a user
> account root permissions. I'm not having much luck here... Any specific
> suggestions?
>
> I'm running Redhat 5.2 with no special upgrades.
Sure you can. Just edit your /etc/securetty to allow you to dial in.
FWIW, IMNSFBHO, this is *NOT* a Good Idea, though. It opens up a *pile*
of security holes if the root password and dialup number get loose in the
world. JMO, YMMV.
Keven
--
tc++ tm+ tn t4- to ru++ ge+ 3i c+ jt au st- ls pi+ ta+ he+ so- vi zh sy
==============================================================================
Science-Fiction Adventure
In Reavers' Deep
------------------------------
From: John Girash <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: FORTRAN comilers
Date: 24 Apr 1999 16:33:45 -0500
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
: I've got some problems compiling a fortran program too. On a sun it
: compiles perfectly
: with f77. On linux with g77, it gives tons of missing parenthese
: errors, and
: unrecognized statements. anyone let me know what I should be doing?
A complete guess, but are you going beyond column 72 in the source files?
--
"don't listen when you're told about the best days in your life Spirit of
a useless old expression, it means passing time until you die." the West
/\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\//\\/
-- John Girash -- girash @ cfa.harvard.edu - http://skyron.harvard.edu/ --
------------------------------
From: John Girash <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: PPP null modem (request gory details)
Date: 24 Apr 1999 16:37:50 -0500
Scott Lanning <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
: I'd like to transfer files between two PC serial ports by
: null-modem cable. I gather it's best to use PPP to do this. So, I
Actually, unless you've got a flaky parallel port I'd expect PLIP to be
faster, and no more difficult (probably easier) to set up.
jg
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Stephan I. Boettcher)
Crossposted-To:
alt.destroy.microsoft,comp.os.linux.advocacy,comp.os.os2.advocacy,gnu.misc.discuss,uk.comp.os.linux
Subject: Re: Criminally Insane Programmers Are Attracted To Open Source Code
Date: 23 Apr 1999 21:06:17 -0400
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Steve Mading) writes:
> Fabian ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
>
> : Steve Mading wrote in message <7fqu1c$br6$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
> : >Fabian ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
> : >
> : >: Allegedly, cloning a male into a female is theoretically possible, but
> : not
> : >: female to male. It has to do with teh fact taht a female zygote lacks a Y
> : >: chromosome, while in a male zygote, all taht is needed is to replace teh
> : Y
> : >: with a extra duplicate of the X.
> : >
> : >Aren't all males just mutated females? (start out female at first in
> : >the womb and then 'sex change' as they develop) I can't remember where
> : >I heard that, and it could just be layman's stupidity. But if that's
> : >true, shouldn't it be easier to go from female to male, since it happens
> : >roughly 50% of the time in nature anyway?
>
> [snip]
>
> : Males are essentially mutated females, but like anything else in nature, it
> : is extremely difficult (read: impossible) to reverse.
>
> Very carefully re-read what you said up above in the post I was
> responding to. It's the opposite of what you are saying now.
> I'm confused.
Hmm. To me is sounds consistent. Cloning takes place before the
testosterone comes into the picture. Remove the Y, double the X: no
testosterone. Inject testosterone, and your back in square one, well,
almost.
SiB
--
========================================================================
Stephan Boettcher FAX: +1-914-591-4540
Columbia University, Nevis Labs Tel: +1-914-591-2863
P.O. Box 137, 136 South Broadway mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Irvington, NY 10533, USA http://www.nevis.columbia.edu/~stephan
========================================================================
------------------------------
From: Jimmy Navarro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.x,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: XFree86 3.3.3.1-1.1.i386.rpm
Date: Sun, 25 Apr 1999 02:31:13 -0700
Finally I got all done: rpm -Uvh XFree86*
XFree86-SVGA-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-libs-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-Xvfb-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-VGA16-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-XF86Setup-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-S3V-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-75dpi-fonts-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-Xnest-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-100dpi-fonts-3.3.3.1-1.1
XFree86-3.3.3.1-1.1
except XFree86-devel-3.3.2.3-25. My quest now is how to utilize M$ Windows font
binaries to look-alike M$ Windows NT 4.0 workstation desktop. Anybody ever try
using MS Windows font binaries? Thanks.
--
P.S.: To reply me direct, remove extra.
Keven R. Pittsinger wrote:
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> "Jacek M. Holeczek" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >> XFree86-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-100dpi-fonts-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-75dpi-fonts-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-devel-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-2-1.0-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-2-100dpi-fonts-1.0-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-2-75dpi-fonts-1.0-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-2-Type1-fonts-1.0-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-9-2.1.2-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-9-100dpi-fonts-2.1.2-1
> >> XFree86-ISO8859-9-75dpi-fonts-2.1.2-1
> >> XFree86-libs-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-VGA16-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-XF86Setup-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-Xnest-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-Xvfb-3.3.2.3-25
> >> XFree86-SVGA-3.3.2.3-25
> >>
> >> Where is the S3 thing?
> > The SVGA can also work with your S3 Virge.
> > Your alternative is the S3V ( S3Virge ) server ( not S3 ! ). Use the one
> > that works better ( the last time I tried them, some one year ago, the S3V
> > had less bugs, but maybe now the SVGA works better ).
> >> are these ISO889 fonts needed for X Window? I was in Install SIG last
> > No, if you don't need to display central-european ( ISO8859-2 ) and
> > turkish ( ISO8859-9 ) characters, you can safely remove ( "rpm -e" ) them.
> > I'm pretty sure, you can also remove ( "rpm -e" ) the Xnest and the Xvfb
> > ( for example, try "rpm -qi XFree86-Xnest" to learn what it does ).
> > If you don't do any development of programs using X windows, you can also
> > remove XFree86-devel.
>
> You don't want to whack out the XFree86-devel stuff. A *LOT* of software
> is still distributed as source-only. Without the linking libs and header
> files, this software will *NOT* compile.
>
> XNest is a secondary server that pops up a window inside your current
> session of equal or lower resolution. Just the thing to run Doom in 8 bit
> graphics on a 16 or 24 bit display.
>
> > Most probably you can also remove XFree86-VGA16, but you may get some
> > problems with XF86Setup, if you try to run it ( do "rpm -e --nodeps
> > XFree86-VGA16" if you decide to remove it ). You can also remove the
> > XFree86-XF86Setup if you don't need to run it anymore. Anyhow, your
> > /etc/X11/XF86Config is already correct, right ? So you don't need it any
> > more.
>
> An understatement. Whack out the VGA16 xserver and XF86Setup will *NOT*
> run. The VGA server is a least common denominator server for running
> XF86Setup.
>
> > If you want to "spare" place, you can also remove XFree86-100dpi-fonts.
> > So, the minimum you need is : XFree86, XFree86-75dpi-fonts, XFree86-libs,
> > XFree86-SVGA ( or XFree86-S3V ).
>
> Leave the *standard* fonts and whack the ISO fonts unless you need them
> for international word processing or something.
>
> Keven
>
> --
> tc++ tm+ tn t4- to ru++ ge+ 3i c+ jt au st- ls pi+ ta+ he+ so- vi zh sy
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Science-Fiction Adventure
> In Reavers' Deep
------------------------------
From: Rino Mardo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: what's the difference?
Date: Sun, 25 Apr 1999 17:58:40 +0000
I'm trying to update my RH5.2 glib with the latest one but the glib
files I found doesn't come in RPM format.
How does one update an RPM glib from a tarball distro of glib?
Thanks.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Scott Lanning)
Subject: Attn: digs (was: PPP null modem (request gory details))
Date: 25 Apr 1999 06:00:28 GMT
Hi,
This message is for "digs". If you're not that person, you
can skip to the next message.
I received a wonderfully helpful email from someone
named digs, but I..... it was like a Ming vase slipping
through my fingers.... I, somehow, I don't know how, I don't
remember doing it, but I deleted the message.... :(
If you are digs, please email me the message again if you
happened to save it. If not, please email me anyway, because
I wanted to thank you for the help.
Thanks,
Scott
------------------------------
From: "Michael Schmeing" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.x
Subject: Re: multiple X sessions
Date: 25 Apr 1999 10:11:56 +0200
"JACK" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> hello all...
> i remember reading "somewhere" that you can have two Xsessions running
> at the same time. i.e one on <alt>-f7 and another on <alt>-f8 ....or
> similar.....
> could any one tell me how to do this or at least point me in the right
> direction.
> btw...assuming that its possible..
There are different possibilities depending on what you want:
1) You can install virtual screens on one X-session. This means that
you have only one server running at a time but have more space to
place your windows. Several window manager support this such as
fvwm (1, 2, 95) or kwm from KDE and others.
2) You can start several different X-server. This is done by passing
the display-id to the server. If you start X direct (not from
startx or xdm) you do a "X :1" on the command line and get a second
session. If you want to run an programs on this server you give
them the display one either by setting the DISPLAY environment
variable to :1 or giving the -display :1 option to the
programm. There is as well a way to start a second X-server using
startx but I don't know how that works, read the docs for that.
I guess there is a limit as to how many X-servers can be started
on one graphics-card but I do not know it (besides that your RAM is
one limiting factor of course). At least three are possible.
If you use the second you (of course) use up a lot more RAM but you
are more flexible when it comes to resolutions, colour-depth and the
like: each server is independent in these matters from the others.
>
> j
>
>
>
--
Michael Schmeing, Artillerieweg 46, D-26129 Oldenburg
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
www: http://www.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/~michae2
------------------------------
From: "Michael Schmeing" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Newbie--What is my PATH file?
Date: 25 Apr 1999 10:20:16 +0200
"Geoffrey C. Stanbury" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I'm running Slackware 3.6, and I can't figure out which file contains
> all of my paths, or whatever they're called. The file with the list of
> directories, like
> /bin
> /sbin
> /usr/bin
> etc., where I define the directories that are in my path.
There is no file where you keep that list, not in the sense that there
is a special file only for this purpose. Your command path (the list
of directories where your shell looks for commands that do not come
with an explicit path) is kept in an environment-variable. This
variable is usually set in the startup-file of your shell but can be
(re)set at any place where you can give commandos to a shell (prompt,
scripts). How to set the variable and which is the startup-file to
change can be found in the docs to your shell, a good place to look is
~/.profile (meaning the file .profile in your home-directory). For
more information see the docs (man <shell>, where <shell> is to be
replaced by the name of your shell).
>
> Thanks in advance, and sorry about the inarticulate language.
>
> --Geoff
--
Michael Schmeing, Artillerieweg 46, D-26129 Oldenburg
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
www: http://www.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/~michae2
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 24 Apr 1999 19:10:46 -0500
From: Bob Martin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: newbie: how to decompress patch-2.2.6.gz
gzip -d patch-2.2.6.gz
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> How to decompress patch-2.2.6.gz.
>
> Please reply to my email address.
>
> Bert
>
> -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==----------
> http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
------------------------------
From: "Daniel Gooderidge" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: at.linux,alt.os.linux,aus.computers.linux,linux.redhat.misc
Subject: cron.hourly redirecting
Date: Sun, 25 Apr 1999 19:40:17 +1000
Hi Guy's,
Is it possible to echo "hello world" > /dev/tty1 within a script.
It works from the /etc/crontab file but does not through a script within the
/etc/cron.hourly directory.
Any Ideas..
Thanks in advance.
Regards
Daniel Gooderidge
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Oliver.Natt)
Subject: Re: Problem with unmounting a CDROM (in /dev/mtab)
Date: 25 Apr 1999 10:19:54 +0200
Why don�t you edit your fstab and add a line like
/dev/hda /cdrom iso9660 ro,noauto,user 0 0
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> Perhaps someone can help me with a problem I have with regards to
> mounting the cdrom. When I mount it as root, everything is fine.
> It puts the usual entry in /etc/mtab but in /etc/fstab
> the mount for the hard drive is not /dev/cdrom but /dev/hda!!!!!
> So that when I try and unmount (mounting works fine) the cdrom,
> it says something like:
>
> /dev/hda is not in /dev/fstab and you are not root
>
------------------------------
From: "Cameron Spitzer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Tell me how Linux boots ?
Date: 25 Apr 1999 06:45:41 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
FOO <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I am a Linux beginner
Welcome!
> I would like a
>*rough* list of what happens from the moment I switch on my PC until I
>get the "login:" prompt.
I think it says a lot for how far Linux has come that we have
users asking that question. Today's distributions are getting
easy to install. They weren't, once.
>1. PC is switched on
>2. "BIOS" starts (Doesn't it?)
>3. (First thing "BIOS" does)
...
BIOS scans for well-known devices, counts memory size,
gets disk parameters.
BIOS reads the first block of each drive that might be
bootable, searching for a "magic number" identifying a bootimage.
It reads the first one it finds into memory and jumps to it.
(BTW, that's how boot viruses get around.)
Boot sector is in memory. It reads in a chain loader,
calling BIOS routines to read each block, and jumps to it.
If the chain loader is Lilo, it's usually configured to
print a boot prompt, then time out and load some bootimage.
It calls BIOS routines to do that.
Lilo reads a "map" to tell it where the many blocks of
zImage are. The map is a file, but Lilo doesn't know about
the file system. It's following a lattice of pointers that
started in the first boot sector. The map file was created
by the installer, /sbin/lilo, which uses special system
calls to find out where each block is, in terms BIOS can
use to read them for the chain loader.
Now the zImage is sitting in memory, and Lilo jumps to it.
The zImage is a kernel memory image, created by gcc, as, and
ld, then compressed with gzip, and wrapped with a
decompressor and relocator. If you look at the messages
at the end of a "make zImage" run you can see how it went
together. Lilo jumps to the wrapper part. The wrapper
decompresses and relocates the kernel memory image, and
you have something sitting in memory that can run your
computer. It's the thing you can see as "vmlinux" if
you look around. My zImage is usually about 350K.
My vmlinux is usually about 800K.
The kernel starts. It inherits command line arguments,
if any, from Lilo, and a data structure from BIOS about
how much memory there is and the disk parameters.
Kernel sets up memory management, and then calls each
device driver's initialization routine. Most of the
drivers print (kprintf) a message, which accounts for
Linux' famous startup verbosity.
The zImage contains device numbers naming the device which
will be mounted as root. Lilo may override them from its
configuration or boot prompt command arguments.
If kernel can't mount a file system there, it panics.
Otherwise, it mounts / (usually read-only) and looks for
a file /sbin/init (can be overridden...) to execute.
Notice (do "ps ax | less") that init is Process Number One.
Init looks for a file /etc/inittab to find out what
run levels you have, and what programs to invoke for each.
Some distributions use a "System V style" startup, with
lots of scripts in /etc/init.d or /etc/rc.d/init.d linked
to a bunch of names and init knows what to run at each
level from which links exist. Other distros use a
"BSD Style init" where everything starts from an rc file.
Much energy has been wasted debating which is better.
The scripts init calls start the deamons, those programs
that run behind the scenes to make your network and print
spooler work, collect system messages, etc, etc.
Init spawns /sbin/getty (according to inittab) for each
virtual console. Getty sets the serial device parameters
and calls login, which calls your shell when you log in.
Most systems will have a deamon called inetd,
the "super server" which listens to the network for
incoming connections, and hooks them up to the right servers.
Certain servers listen to the network for themselves,
notably the Web server.
Another daemon, crond, runs periodic jobs according to
the instructions in /var/spool/cron/crontabs/.
It sounds convoluted, but compared to other systems as
powerful, it's pretty darned elegant.
Cameron
------------------------------
** FOR YOUR REFERENCE **
The service address, to which questions about the list itself and requests
to be added to or deleted from it should be directed, is:
Internet: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
You can send mail to the entire list (and comp.os.linux.misc) via:
Internet: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Linux may be obtained via one of these FTP sites:
ftp.funet.fi pub/Linux
tsx-11.mit.edu pub/linux
sunsite.unc.edu pub/Linux
End of Linux-Misc Digest
******************************
