Linux-Misc Digest #255, Volume #20 Tue, 18 May 99 21:13:07 EDT
Contents:
Re: In defence of UNIX man pages (Robert Hull)
Re: NT the best web platform? (Erik Jensen)
Re: FTP with Resume feature? (Steve Lamb)
Re: AutoInstall is for experts, not beginners!!! (Mark Brown)
Re: Mounting an ISO9660 image. (jik-)
Re: Bandwidth.... (Matt Kressel)
Re: ATI and X Server problem (Jerry Moore)
Re: well, what about Debian? ("D. Vrabel")
Re: corel wordperfect 8 for linux (Bo Vandenberg)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Robert Hull <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: In defence of UNIX man pages
Date: Wed, 19 May 1999 01:24:57 +0100
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Johan Kullstam
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes
>Robert Hull <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
>> Now to get back to the subject of man pages - they are not meant to be a
>> substitute for your Chemical Engineering manual, but a *technical*
>> manual about IT. In that context, I repeat that a good *technical*
>> manual will leave the examples to the User's Guide
>
>fine. however i seem to be lacking in user-guide pages.
>
>$ user ls
>bash: user: command not found.
>
>if you are going to insist on segregating out examples from the man
>pages, let's at least find them a better home for them than /dev/null.
>
There *is* a better home for them, as you probably already know. Instead
of trying to score points with non-existent commands, try the ones that
*do* exist such as info
[Robert@thehulls Robert]$ info ls
File: fileutils.info, Node: ls invocation, Next: dir invocation, Up:
Directory listing
`ls': List directory contents
=============================
The `ls' program lists information about files (of any type,
including directories). Options and file arguments can be intermixed
arbitrarily, as usual.
For non-option command-line arguments that are directories, by
default `ls' lists the contents of directories, not recursively, and
omitting files with names beginning with `.'. For other non-option
arguments, by default `ls' lists just the file name. If no non-option
arguments are specified, `ls' lists the contents of the current
directory.
By default, the output is sorted alphabetically. If standard output
is a terminal, the output is in columns (sorted vertically); otherwise,
they are listed one per line.
Because `ls' is such a fundamental program, it has accumulated many
options over the years. They are described in the subsections below;
within each section, options are listed alphabetically (ignoring case).
The division of options into the subsections is not absolute, since some
options affect more than one aspect of `ls''s operation.
The `-g' option is accepted but ignored, for compatibility with
Unix. Also see *Note Common options::.
* Menu:
* Which files are listed::
* What information is listed::
* Sorting the output::
* General output formatting::
* Formatting the file names::
File: fileutils.info, Node: Which files are listed, Next: What
information is listed, Up: ls invocation
Which files are listed
======================
These options determine which files `ls' lists information for. By
default, any files and the contents of any directories on the command
line are shown.
`-a'
`--all'
List all files in directories, including files that start with `.'.
`-A'
`--almost-all'
List all files in directories except for `.' and `..'.
`-B'
`--ignore-backups'
Do not list files that end with `~', unless they are given on the
command line.
`-d'
`--directory'
List just the names of directories, as with other types of files,
rather than listing their contents.
`-I'
`--ignore'
Do not list files whose names match the shell pattern (not regular
expression) PATTERN unless they are given on the command line. As
in the shell, an initial `.' in a file name does not match a
wildcard at the start of PATTERN.
`-L'
`--dereference'
In a long listing, show file information (e.g., times and
permissions) for the referents of symbolic links rather than for
the symbolic links themselves.
`-R'
`--recursive'
List the contents of all directories recursively.
File: fileutils.info, Node: What information is listed, Next: Sorting
the output, Prev: Which files are listed, Up: ls invocation
What information is listed
==========================
These options affect the information that `ls' displays. By
default, only file names are shown.
`-D'
`--dired'
With the long listing (`-l') format, print an additional line after
the main output:
//DIRED// BEG1 END1 BEG2 END2 ...
The BEGN and ENDN are unsigned integers which record the byte
position of the beginning and end of each file name in the output.
This makes it easy for Emacs to find the names, even when they
contain unusual characters such as space or newline, without fancy
searching.
If directories are being listed recursively (`-R'), output a
similar line after each subdirectory:
//SUBDIRED// BEG1 END1 ...
`-G'
`--no-group'
Inhibit display of group information in a long format directory
listing. (This is the default in some non-GNU versions of `ls',
so we provide this option for compatibility.)
`-i'
`--inode'
Print the inode number (also called the file serial number and
index number) of each file to the left of the file name. (This
number uniquely identifies each file within a particular
filesystem.)
`-l'
`--format=long'
`--format=verbose'
In addition to the name of each file, print the file type,
permissions, number of hard links, owner name, group name, size in
bytes, and timestamp (by default, the modification time). For
files with a time more than six months old or more than one hour
into the future, the timestamp contains the year instead of the
time of day.
For each directory that is listed, preface the files with a line
`total BLOCKS', where BLOCKS is the total disk space used by all
files in that directory. By default, 1024-byte blocks are used;
if the environment variable `POSIXLY_CORRECT' is set, 512-byte
blocks are used (unless the `-k' option is given). The BLOCKS
computed counts each hard link separately; this is arguably a
deficiency.
The permissions listed are similar to symbolic mode specifications
(*note Symbolic Modes::.). But `ls' combines multiple bits into
the third character of each set of permissions as follows:
`s'
If the setuid or setgid bit and the corresponding executable
bit are both set.
`S'
If the setuid or setgid bit is set but the corresponding
executable bit is not set.
`t'
If the sticky bit and the other-executable bit are both set.
`T'
If the sticky bit is set but the other-executable bit is not
set.
`x'
If the executable bit is set and none of the above apply.
`-'
Otherwise.
`-o'
Produce long format directory listings, but don't display group
information. It is equivalent to using `--format=long' with
`--no-group' . This option is provided for compatibility with
other versions of `ls'.
`-s'
`--size'
Print the size of each file in 1024-byte blocks to the left of the
file name. If the environment variable `POSIXLY_CORRECT' is set,
512-byte blocks are used instead, unless the `-k' option is given
(*note General output formatting::.).
For files that are NFS-mounted from an HP-UX system to a BSD
system, this option reports sizes that are half the correct
values. On HP-UX systems, it reports sizes that are twice the
correct values for files that are NFS-mounted from BSD systems.
This is due to a flaw in HP-UX; it also affects the HP-UX `ls'
program.
File: fileutils.info, Node: Sorting the output, Next: General output
formatting, Prev: What information is listed, Up: ls invocation
Sorting the output
==================
These options change the order in which `ls' sorts the information
it outputs. By default, sorting is done by character code (e.g., ASCII
order).
`-c'
`--time=ctime'
`--time=status'
Sort according to the status change time (the `ctime' in the
inode). If the long listing format (`-l') is being used, print the
status change time instead of the modification time.
`-f'
Primarily, like `-U'--do not sort; list the files in whatever
order they are stored in the directory. But also enable `-a' (list
all files) and disable `-l', `--color', and `-s' (if they were
specified before the `-f').
`-r'
`--reverse'
Reverse whatever the sorting method is--e.g., list files in reverse
alphabetical order, youngest first, smallest first, or whatever.
`-S'
`--sort=size'
Sort by file size, largest first.
`-t'
`--sort=time'
Sort by modification time (the `mtime' in the inode), newest first.
`-u'
`--time=atime'
`--time=access'
`--time=use'
Sort by access time (the `atime' in the inode). If the long
listing format is being used, print the last access time.
`-U'
`--sort=none'
Do not sort; list the files in whatever order they are stored in
the directory. (Do not do any of the other unrelated things that
`-f' does.) This is especially useful when listing very large
directories, since not doing any sorting can be noticeably faster.
`-X'
`--sort=extension'
Sort directory contents alphabetically by file extension
(characters after the last `.'); files with no extension are
sorted first.
File: fileutils.info, Node: General output formatting, Next:
Formatting the file names, Prev: Sorting the output, Up: ls invocation
General output formatting
=========================
These options affect the appearance of the overall output.
`-1'
`--format=single-column'
List one file per line. This is the default for `ls' when standard
output is not a terminal.
`-C'
`--format=vertical'
List files in columns, sorted vertically. This is the default for
`ls' if standard output is a terminal. It is always the default
for the `dir' and `d' programs.
`--color [=WHEN]'
Specify whether to use color for distinguishing file types. WHEN
may be omitted, or one of:
* none Do not use color at all. This is the default.
* auto Only use color if standard output is a terminal.
* always Always use color. Specifying `--color' and no WHEN is
equivalent to `--color=always'.
`-F'
`--classify'
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type.
Also, for regular files that are executable, append `*'. The file
type indicators are `/' for directories, `@' for symbolic links,
`|' for FIFOs, `=' for sockets, and nothing for regular files.
`--full-time'
List times in full, rather than using the standard abbreviation
heuristics. The format is the same as `date''s default; it's not
possible to change this, but you can extract out the date string
with `cut' and then pass the result to `date -d'. *Note `date'
invocation: (sh-utils)date invocation.
This is most useful because the time output includes the seconds.
(Unix filesystems store file timestamps only to the nearest
second, so this option shows all the information there is.) For
example, this can help when you have a Makefile that is not
regenerating files properly.
`-k'
`--kilobytes'
If file sizes are being listed, print them in kilobytes. This
overrides the environment variable `POSIXLY_CORRECT'.
`-m'
`--format=commas'
List files horizontally, with as many as will fit on each line,
separated by `, ' (a comma and a space).
`-n'
`--numeric-uid-gid'
List the numeric UID and GID instead of the names.
`-p'
Append a character to each file name indicating the file type.
This is like `-F', except that executables are not marked.
`-x FORMAT'
`--format=across'
`--format=horizontal'
List the files in columns, sorted horizontally.
`-T COLS'
`--tabsize=COLS'
Assume that each tabstop is COLS columns wide. The default is 8.
`ls' uses tabs where possible in the output, for efficiency. If
COLS is zero, do not use tabs at all.
`-w'
`--width=COLS'
Assume the screen is COLS columns wide. The default is taken from
the terminal settings if possible; otherwise the environment
variable `COLUMNS' is used if it is set; otherwise the default is
80.
File: fileutils.info, Node: Formatting the file names, Prev: General
output formatting, Up: ls invocation
Formatting the file names
=========================
These options change how file names themselves are printed.
`-b'
`--escape'
Quote nongraphic characters in file names using alphabetic and
octal backslash sequences like those used in C.
`-N'
`--literal'
Do not quote file names.
`-q'
`--hide-control-chars'
Print question marks instead of nongraphic characters in file
names. This is the default.
`-Q'
`--quote-name'
Enclose file names in double quotes and quote nongraphic
characters as in C.
--
Robert Talking to yourself - first sign of madness
Answering yourself back - first sign of schizophrenia
I go one better: If I don't like the answer ...
I put it to a majority vote
------------------------------
From: Erik Jensen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix,comp.os.linux.advocacy
Subject: Re: NT the best web platform?
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 23:59:07 GMT
Do-Hoon Kwon wrote:
>
> \begin{sarcasm}
> In a country where making/saving money is of the utmost importance,
> why isn't there a fair comparison like this?
^^^^
> \end{sarcasm}
>
Here's your problem: there's NOTHING fair about making money...
> \begin{sarcasm}
> Errrr.... Is it still money issue?
> \end{sarcasm)
>
> Do-Hoon Kwon
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Steve Lamb)
Subject: Re: FTP with Resume feature?
Date: 18 May 1999 19:42:39 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Sun, 16 May 1999 19:12:03 +1200, Rob Brown-Bayliss <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>Can some one recoment a download or FTP prog for linux that supports
>resume?
lftp, the best. Automatically resumes after disconnects, allows for
multiple downloads at the same time, shell like interface, simply wonderful
program. If not that, then my next recommendation would be ncftp, which is
what I started out with WAYYYYYY back in my netcom days.
--
Steve C. Lamb | I'm your priest, I'm your shrink, I'm your
ICQ: 5107343 | main connection to the switchboard of souls.
===============================+=============================================
------------------------------
From: Mark Brown <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,uk.comp.os.linux
Subject: Re: AutoInstall is for experts, not beginners!!!
Date: 18 May 1999 20:49:03 +0100
Roger Gammans <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> In article <udB*[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, David Damerell
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes
> >They've also done much better in terms of the a.out-ELF and
> >libc5-glibc transitions; a glibc Debian can not only run libc5 binaries
> >(if the right packages are installed) but has a complete compilation
> >environment for libc5.
> Cool, which packages are these. I have a desperate need for this
> functionality.
altgcc contains the GCC for the libc5 environment, with the various
-altdev packages providing all the static libs and header files, as
well as depending on the appropriate shared library package.
> Now if I could just stop the help appearing when I don't want it....
dselect is very helpful, isn't it? :-)
--
Mark Brown mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Trying to avoid grumpiness)
http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~broonie/
EUFS http://www.eusa.ed.ac.uk/societies/filmsoc/
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 17:12:03 -0700
From: jik- <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Mounting an ISO9660 image.
Nick wrote:
>
> Is there a utility to mount an image of this type? or something like
> that...
yep, mount.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 20:10:39 -0400
From: Matt Kressel <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.networking
Subject: Re: Bandwidth....
Check your mtu (maximum Transmission Unit) in your PPP setup. The
smaller it is, the more responsive it will be, but the slower your
downloads will be.
-Matt
Arun Rao wrote:
>
> Hi
>
> I have been experiencing bandwith problems on my dialup connection
> lately. I am running RH5.2 with 2.2.9 upgrade and ppp 2.3.8.
>
> My problem is i can only do one thing at a time like say download ,ftp
> etc. Anything else like say a telnet ,netscape else gets slow. I have
> been using linux for a year now. this happened when i reinstalled redhat
> 5.2 after a small mishap partitioning (long story). So this current
> install with the latest kernel and ppp version doesn't seem to help.
>
> I checked the /var/log/messages file previously I would have only the
> pppd started local ip and stuff. But now i get tons of innd, identd and
> named messages. I don't think i got those before. I'm not sure whether
> those are routine messages. I read news, telnet and browse the web.
>
> I connect at 28800 -45333 bps most of the times.
>
> I'm not sure if it is my system or the isp. How do i check if my system
> has a misconfiguration problem.
>
> All help would be appreciated.
>
> Arun.
--
INTERNET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] | Matt Kressel
"And you run, and you run to catch up with the Sun, but its
sinking. Racing around to come up behind you again." -PF
------------------------------
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.questions,comp.os.linux.help,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.x
From: Jerry Moore <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: ATI and X Server problem
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 19:15:03 GMT
I have the ATI All-In-Worder Pro Mach64 and probably invested close to
50 hours trying to get RH5.2 to recognize this card. Last night I gave
up and purchased Caldera Open Linux 2.2. The auto-probe in this
software works great, it allows you to "test" your video settings before
completing setup and the whole process was finished in under 30 minutes.
JPC wrote:
>
> I�m having a serious problem:
> I have a PC with an ATI RageII-chipset Mach64GT, 4Mb card and a 15"
> monitor.
> I�m using RH 5.2 Linux.
>
> Linux install OK.
>
> But when trying to launch XWindow problems come.
> When trying to autoprobe system crashed.
> When running XF86Setup I have already tried various chipsets: Mach 64,
> Mach 64+, Mach84GT, generic VGA... None of them seemed to work - giving
> an error: can�t connect to XServer.
> Tried also several combinations with monitor parameters - even the
> lowest. Nothing.
>
> Anyone having same problem?
> Can someone please enlighten me on how overcome this situation?
>
> Many many thanks
------------------------------
From: "D. Vrabel" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: well, what about Debian?
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 20:01:34 +0100
On 18 May 1999, Johan Kullstam wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (William Burrow) writes:
>
> > On Fri, 14 May 1999 23:54:33 GMT,
> > Quoc A. Vu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >
> > >I'm thinking about using the Debian distribution. Any thought on it?
> >
> > Yeah, binary packages suck. RPM or dpkg, forget it. If you're serious
> > about a particular package (eg. web server, Perl, etc.), get the source
> > and compile it.
I'd like to see you install an entire system without binaries. Installing
the entire system without a package manager would be a bit difficult.
> this is a red herring. i've had decent luck with .src.rpm packages.
> debian has source packages too.
David
--
David Vrabel
Engineering Undergraduate at University of Cambridge, UK.
------------------------------
From: Bo Vandenberg <"dedy"@(remove)ionline.net>
Crossposted-To: linux.redhat.rpm,linux.redhat.install
Subject: Re: corel wordperfect 8 for linux
Date: Mon, 17 May 1999 22:47:13 -0400
It may be a kernel issue.
XET Elec wrote:
> Hi:
>
> I've just installed Redhat 6.0 on a blank hard drive. I had been using
> Redhat 5.2 with Corel WordPerfect 8 on this machine, but for several
> reasons I blanked the disk and started over. I reinstalled WordPerfect,
> and I've found that I now can't properly open Microsoft Word 6/7/8
> files. I get a "Filtrix can't convert the file" error. Previously, I
> had been able to read the exact same files when I was running on Redhat
> 5.2
>
> Does anyone know of a reason this might be? In every other way I've
> tested, WordPerfect runs fine.
>
> Thanks. Please copy any responses to my email, if you would.
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
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