Linux-Misc Digest #129, Volume #21 Thu, 22 Jul 99 22:13:08 EDT
Contents:
Re: Subject: Why all the symbolic links in linux ("J�rgen Exner")
Re: Increasing the Swap size after Linux Installation (Robert Heller)
Re: fetchmail not logging (Dustin Puryear)
Re: Marx vs. Nozick ("Chad Mulligan")
Re: Which printers to use with Linux (henk van der knaap)
Re: fetchmail not logging (Dustin Puryear)
Gnome under SuSE question (Jeff Goodman)
Re: .deb repository (Perry Pip)
Re: SuperGuru ran mkswap on 2gig ext2 filesys (brian j pardy)
Re: Linux only use 1% of my CPU??? ("louis")
StarOffice on RH6.0 ("Robert J. Schweikert")
Re: freshmeat.net (Ken Jaeger)
Download/Install Help... ("Ryan Stewart")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "J�rgen Exner" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Subject: Why all the symbolic links in linux
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 17:36:03 -0700
Reply-To: "J�rgen Exner" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Floyd Davidson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:7n7r8r$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> Norman Levin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >There still seems to be a misconception on what symbolic links do
> >over 'hard' links.
>
> I agree. For example, if you have a file /some/directory/foo and there
> are symbolic links to it in 14 different places you can do
>
> rm /some/directory/foo
>
> and it is gone. If you have hard links you have to track down every
> one of them to delete the file.
Also, if you happen to edit this file and the editor simply renames the
original file to foo~ as a backup then all those other 13 links will
continue to point to the backup file instead of to the latest version.
It all depends on what you want to do.
jue
--
J�rgen Exner
------------------------------
From: Robert Heller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Increasing the Swap size after Linux Installation
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 00:38:03 GMT
jerrad pierce <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
In a message on Thu, 22 Jul 1999 13:19:17 -0400, wrote :
jp> You should be able to do this with an fdisk depending on how mnny partitions you
have
jp>
jp> say you have
jp>
jp> 1 Linux
jp> 2 Swap
jp> 3 home
jp> 4 tmp
jp>
jp> then you can adjust hda2, but to do so you must destroy hda3 first,
jp> and then recreate it afterwards
jp>
Actually, with *this* partition setup and assuming that tmp (/dev/hda4)
is *truly* temp space, you break up /dev/hda4, by deleting it, making an
extended partition the size the /dev/hda4 was, and making two new
logical partitions:
/dev/hda4 *extended*
/dev/hda5 Swap2
/dev/hda6 tmp
Then add /dev/hda5 as a *second* swap partition.
--
\/
Robert Heller ||InterNet: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://vis-www.cs.umass.edu/~heller || [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.deepsoft.com /\FidoNet: 1:321/153
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dustin Puryear)
Subject: Re: fetchmail not logging
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 01:08:20 GMT
On Thu, 22 Jul 1999 05:00:03 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
(Stuart R. Fuller) wrote:
>: No log file is ever created. The program is being run with root
>: priviledges so there should be no permission problems. Any ideas? BTW,
>: I am using fetchmail v4.0.7.
>
>According to the man page for fetchmail, the -L switch is only used when
>fetchmail is running in daemon mode (-d).
You're right. Thanks.
---
Dustin Puryear
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: "Chad Mulligan" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy,comp.os.linux.advocacy,gnu.misc.discuss
Subject: Re: Marx vs. Nozick
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 17:33:36 -0700
Matthias Warkus wrote in message ...
>It was the Thu, 22 Jul 1999 03:03:29 GMT...
>..and Peter Seebach <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
>> Matthias Warkus <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >Show me an animal that is intelligent, creative, literate
and capable
>> >of abstract thought. Then I'll agree with you.
>>
>> This is begging the question. If we are animals, then we are
an example of
>> animals capable of abstract thought. If we aren't, then we
are not such an
>> example.
>>
>> Now, that said, there's a number of documented behaviors in
"animals" that
>> look suspiciously like any of the above except 'literate'.
>
>You are playing semantics games again.
>
>"The only animal species that is intelligent, creative,
literate and
>capable of abstract thought" == "Man"
>
>BTW, I'd like to see examples of animal creativity. As far as I
know,
>creativity as a voluntary act of creation is unknown to
animals.
>
Not true, in Folsom, CA they have a small zoo and a Bear who
paints pictures.
>> >> But we aren't "different from animals". We are a subset.
We still have
>> >> the traditional traits of animals.
>>
>> >I have some traits of my father, but nevertheless I am not
my father.
>> >Neither am I a subset of my father.
>>
>> Your father is not a class, your father is an instant. If
you have all
>> of the defining traits of members of a class, you are a
member of the class.
>> e.g., you are a member of the group of "people named
Matthias", even if
>> you are not otherwise like any of them.
>
>Semantics games again.
>
>> >> It is important to understand how we got to be where we
are, and what some
>> >> of the roots of our nature are, if we are to make useful
progress
>> >> understanding ourselves.
>>
>> >Man is not an animal. That's a simple opinion. It's by no
means
>> >connected to the ignorance and arrogance you talk about.
>>
>> It's an opinion, but really, I think you're arguing over the
definition
>> of the term "animal". Animals are a kingdom; we are in that
kingdom. We
>> are not plants, we are not fungi, etcetera, but we are alive,
so we're gonna
>> be categorized somewhere.
>
>Of course we are biologically animals, but that's even more
semantics
>games, as we are not arguing about biology, but about what
separates
>Man from other biological animals.
>
>mawa
>--
>Lay me down, Carolina, lay me down, one more time, don't wanta
wake me
>up in the morning, no more. Sing me, one last old song, before
they
>close, the minstral show.
> -- The Carter Family and Garrison Keilor, A Prairie Home
Companion.
------------------------------
From: henk van der knaap <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Which printers to use with Linux
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 13:27:23 +1200
On Thu, 22 Jul 1999, Yan Seiner wrote:
> Any color laser printers out there that work with Linux?
>
> Here's what I'm looking for:
>
> Postscript L2, ability to connect to 100Bt ethernet, name brand, can be
> run from a linux server
>
> Thanks.
>
> Yan
>
> --
>
> __ __
> | / /
> /------/
> -- / \ / \ --
> / /\ \ / /\ \
> | / | \/--|-- |
> \ / \ /
> ~~ ~~
>
> "The older I get, the faster I was."
>
>
Hi there,
This might help you. I found it very useful!!!
********************************************************************
I've set up an interactive listing of printers and how well they work
under Linux. The listing includes basic printer specs, Linux and
Ghostscript driver information, how well each printer works, and
various links. A summary of this database is also embedded in the
Printing HOWTO (beginning with version 3.27).
If you could spare a few minutes to check that your printer is listed
and correct, the rest of the Linux community will thank you...
Slow, reliable: http://www.picante.com/~gtaylor/pht/printer_list.cgi
Fast, unreliable: http://gatekeeper.picante.com/~gtaylor/pht/printer_list.cgi
Bookmarks to gatekeeper are not recommended.
- --
Grant Taylor - gtaylor@picante<dot>com - http://www.picante.com/~gtaylor/
Linux Printing HOWTO: http://www.picante.com/~gtaylor/pht/
Cellphone information: http://www.picante.com/~gtaylor/cell/
Libretto information: http://www.picante.com/~gtaylor/portable/
************************************************************************
Regards,
Henk
Henk van der Knaap,
92 Halswell Junction Road,
Christchurch, New Zealand.
Phone/fax 64 3 3229185
My Operating system is Linux Debian 2.1
===================================================
My e-mail address is as follows: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
===================================================
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dustin Puryear)
Subject: Re: fetchmail not logging
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 01:07:44 GMT
On Wed, 21 Jul 1999 21:22:50 -02-30, Chris Gushue <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>Dustin Puryear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>: I would like fetchmail to log it's activity to /var/log/fetchmail.
>: Unfortunately, it's not. Here is what I am doing:
>
>: fetchmail -a -L /var/log/fetchmail.log -f /etc/fetchmailrc
>
>: No log file is ever created. The program is being run with root
>: priviledges so there should be no permission problems. Any ideas? BTW,
>: I am using fetchmail v4.0.7.
>
>Try adding this line to your fetchmailrc:
>
>set logfile /var/log/fetchmail
>
>That's how I log it. I don't use *any* command line options, just use
>/root/.fetchmailrc (rather than a system-wide /etc/fetchmailrc).
It would seem that the logging option is only used when fetchmail
operates as a daemon. Since we use a dial-on-demand connection I
prefer to call fetchmail at regular intervals instead. Anyway, the
problem is fixed. Thanks for the help.
---
Dustin Puryear
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Jeff Goodman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Gnome under SuSE question
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 17:52:10 -0700
I've downloaded the latest Gnome RPMs from gnome.org, and installed
without too much trouble. But when Gnome comes up, all of the
Enlightenment (or Wmaker - if I try that wm) icons and gizmos come up on
the desktop too, intermingling with the Gnome controls. This does not
seem right to me, and is definitely different than old Gnome versions
that I've played with in the past. I'd like to see Gnome, but have the
wm desktop controls invisible. (BTW, I installed the latest
Enlightenment and Wmaker from gnome.org.)
I might be able to figure out how to remove all the wm buttons, but I'm
thinking that I did something wrong to get to show in the first place.
Any info on this? Thanks.
Jeff
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Perry Pip)
Subject: Re: .deb repository
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 01:27:40 GMT
On 15 Jul 1999 00:28:21 GMT, Carl Fink <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>On 14 Jul 99 08:02:27 GMT Paul Seelig <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
>>Ahem, what's so plain wrong about using "ftp.debian.org" or possibly
>>"ftp.au.debian.org"? It's all there already. For Debian there is no
>>need for an equivalent for "rpmfind" or similiar.
>
>I personally use
>
> lynx http://www.debian.org/
I do that too.
>which lets you use the search function at that site. You have to be
>careful to download the files, though -- if you just click on them,
>MIME will try to install the .deb files.
If you use lynx as root it will. But I don't use lynx for the actual
downloading. Once I find what I want from the searching I just do:
apt-get install <package> ...
And it automatically downloads and installs all the dependancies as well.
Perry
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (brian j pardy)
Subject: Re: SuperGuru ran mkswap on 2gig ext2 filesys
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 01:46:42 GMT
On Wed, 21 Jul 1999 23:58:28 -0400, <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>I've always considered myself somewhat of a UNIX guru, until now...
>
>I had a healthy 2 gig ext2 filesystem (2072385 1k blocks) living at
>/dev/hda3. In my haste to create some badly needed swap space, I ran
>mkswap to create a swap partition over /dev/hdb3...
>trouble is, the crazy fool system did what I was typing , not what I was
>thinking (I'm yearning for one of those newfangled neural input
>devices-but I suppose a keyboard must suffice for now :)
>
>I am trying to develop a proper course of recovery. I did NOT swapon
>/dev/hda3, nor can I remount this partition as ext2. I've tried "e2fsck
>-n /dev/hda3" :
>
>e2fsck 1.14, 9-Jan-1999 for EXT2 FS 0.5b, 95/08/09
>Couldn't find ext2 superblock, trying backup blocks...
>/dev/hda3 was not cleanly unmounted, check forced.
>Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
>Pass 2: Checking directory structure
>Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
>Pass 4: Checking reference counts
>Pass 5: Checking group summary information
><followed by many>
>Free inodes count wrong for group #250 (2048, counted=2035).
>Fix? no
>
>Directories count wrong for group #250 (0, counted=2).
>Fix? no
><for groups 0-251>
>/dev/hda3: 11/518144 files (472.7% non-contiguous), 67565/2072385 blocks
>
>I've been a long-time Linux user, and I would like to contribute a
>change to hopefully prevent anyone else from engaging in this type of
>problem. The software combination I run is:
>kernel 2.2.10 , glibc-2.0.7pre6 , egcs-1.1.2 , e2fsprogs-1.14.tar.gz ,
>and util-linux-2.9i.tar.gz (for mkswap)
>
[chomp nice mkswap ideas]
>
>First though, I would like to get my data back. Any suggestions are
>appreciated (I already plan to 'read the source' for mkswap, to see what
>I did). I am a stickler for finding the most efficient solution to a
>problem, unless great learning can be derived from a more expensive
>route...
>
>I am troubled by the 11/518144 files report. I am comforted by the fact
>that mkswap only ran for well under 1 second. I had thousands of files
>on that filesystem. I have experimented briefly by repeating this
>process on a 1G throw-away partition. Prior to running mkswap, the file
>count appears correct. After running mkswap, the file count is reduced
>to 11, and debugfs refuses to open the (corrupted) filesystem.
Have you tried `mke2fs -S`?
-S Write superblock and group descriptors only. This
is useful if all of the superblock and backup
superblocks are corrupted, and a last-ditch recov�
ery method is desired. It causes mke2fs to reini�
tialize the superblock and group descriptors, while
not touching the inode table and the block and
inode bitmaps. The e2fsck program should be run
immediately after this option is used, and there is
no guarantee that any data will be salvageable.
If you have a throwaway partition with enough room to duplicate this
broken partition, you might try dd'ing the old to the throwaway just
to get a backup copy, and try the mke2fs on there first. Hmm, I'd
throw a -v in there just to get a bit more info, and perhaps (though
this might conflict with -S, who knows) a -i if you remember your
original inode density.
You may have lost the first page (who knows what the size is) of your
filesystem. I'm not sure where in an ext2 filesystem the inode table
and bitmaps are stored -- if they're in this first page, you may be
completely screwed:
MKSWAP(8) Linux Programmer's Manual MKSWAP(8)
[...]
Linux knows about two styles of swap areas, old style and
new style. The last 10 bytes of the first page of the
swap area distinguishes them: old style has `SWAP_SPACE',
new style has `SWAPSPACE2' as signature.
In the old style, the rest of this first page was a bit
map, with a 1 bit for each usable page of the swap area.
Since the first page holds this bit map, the first bit is
0. Also, the last 10 bytes hold the signature. So, if the
page size is S, an old style swap area can describe at
most 8*(S-10)-1 pages used for swapping. With S=4096 (as
on i386), the useful area is at most 133890048 bytes
(almost 128 MB if you believe in 1 MB=2^20 bytes), and the
rest is wasted. On an alpha and sparc64, with S=8192, the
useful area is at most 535560992 bytes (almost 512 MB with
the same proviso).
The old setup wastes most of this bitmap page, because
zero bits denote bad blocks or blocks past the end of the
swap space, and a simple integer suffices to indicate the
size of the swap space, while the bad blocks, if any, can
simply be listed. Nobody wants to use a swap space with
hundreds of bad blocks. (I would not even use a swap space
with 1 bad block.) In the new style swap area this is
precisely what is done. The maximum useful size of a swap
area now depends on the architecture. It is roughly 2GB
on i386, PPC, m68k, ARM, 1GB on sparc, 512MB on mips,
128GB on alpha and 3TB on sparc64.
... as it looks like it'll overwrite the first page of your fs with
1s. This may or may not be initialized when you run mkswap (what
bloody package is the source in?), it might be delayed for swapon, but
it might not. Maybe if you just try doing the `mke2fs -S` and hoping,
you might be able to debugfs it back into a semi-usable state.
>From the beginning of fs/ext2/balloc.c (2.2.10):
/*
* The free blocks are managed by bitmaps. A file system contains several
* blocks groups. Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap
* block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks.
*
* The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the
* super block. Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and
* the free blocks count in the block. The descriptors are loaded in memory
* when a file system is mounted (see ext2_read_super).
*/
fs/ext2/super.c::ext2_statfs:
/*
* Every block group has an inode bitmap, a block
* bitmap, and an inode table.
*/
>From the skimming the code, it looks like the bitmaps/inode table
MIGHT be duplicated on your backup superblocks.
Good luck.
--
Write a wise saying and your name will live forever.
-- Anonymous
------------------------------
From: "louis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Linux only use 1% of my CPU???
Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 03:33:40 +0200
--
Send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Rob Stockley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> Gary Hallock wrote:
> >
> > "Paul Y. Peng" wrote:
> >
> > > Dear Linux users,
> > >
> > > Recently we have a linux machine (PII450MHZ with 512MB RAM and
> > > 1GB swap space) with Redhat linux 6.0. However, I found the machine
> > > was very unreasonably slow sometimes when I run a few NOT big
> > > programs. So I run the these programs again and at the same time I
> > > used top to check the usage of CPU. Then surprisingly I found that
> > > Linux only allocated about 1% of CPU to the programs and most of
> > > time the STAT of the programs is always "D" which means
> > > "uninterruptible sleep"! I checked through the job list and none of
> > > other jobs were running when the programs were launched, and I am
> > > quite sure I was the only user on the machine. How can Linux manage
> > > CPU in such a way? What was the 99% CPU used for? I never see such
> > > a thing in DEC alpha or Sun Solaris.
> > >
> > > It seems there is something running behind which uses much of CPU
> > > but doesn't show up in top? How can I ask linux to use all CPU for
> > > my programs? Is there any configuration wrong in the system?
> > > Thank you for your help.
> > >
> > > Paul.
> >
> > Just a guess, but what does top say about the amount of available and
> > used memory?
> > If Linux didn't recognize all of your memory and the programs run
> > needed at lot, you
> > could be paging to death. I have heard of cases where Linux will not
> > see all memory
> > by default. There is a way to tell it how much memory you have but I
> > don't recall how you do it.
> >
> > Gary
>
> Linux will automatically recognise up to 64M. If you've got more than
> that you'd need to edit your /etc/lilo.conf to include "append=XXM"
> where XX equals the amount of memory on your system less about 1M per
> 64M. For me 96M works fine with 98M actual memory.
> --
> Rob Stockley
> Christchurch, NZ
> Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> ICQ: 37780545
I am using linux with 320 MB ram and it's all there wihtout that line in
lilo.conf.
I had that problem with redhat 5.1, but with suse 6.1 it works great.
------------------------------
From: "Robert J. Schweikert" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: StarOffice on RH6.0
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 21:13:14 -0400
I completed what I thought and according to install shield was a
successful install of star office. However, when I try to start it using
./soffice.bin I get the following error:
/usr/local/Office51/bin/soffice.bin: error in loading shared libraries:
libgo516li.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
However, the library got installed and I found it in:
/usr/local/Office51/lib/libgo516li.so
StarOffice itself is installed in /usr/local/Office51.
Two questions do I have to move this library somewhere else? If not why
is it not found?
And a third question not concerning this problem.
Can I get rid of all the stuff in the so51inst directory which got
created when I untared the downloaded file?
Any help is appreciated.
Thanks
Robert
--
Robert Schweikert
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 19:32:58 -0500
From: Ken Jaeger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: freshmeat.net
This is what I get from freshmeat.net now:
>It Worked! The Apache Web Server is Installed on this Web Site!
>
>If you can see this page, then the people who own this domain have just >installed
>the Apache Web server software successfully.
>They now have to add content to this directory and replace this >placeholder page, or
>else point the server at their real content.
So it looks like they are restarting the server but all of the content
is gone.
Anyway here are a few mirrors for those who don't know them.
For the US:
http://tx.us.mirrors.freshmeat.net
http://il.us.mirrors.freshmeat.net
http://wa.us.mirrors.freshmeat.net
http://ny.us.mirrors.freshmeat.net
http://ct.us.mirrors.freshmeat.net
Well you get the idea, but remember not every state has a mirror.
and for Europe:
http://de.eu.mirrors.freshmeat.net
http://uk.eu.mirrors.freshmeat.net
All these mirrors appear to be working.
Hope this helps,
Ken J.
------------------------------
Reply-To: "Ryan Stewart" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
From: "Ryan Stewart" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Download/Install Help...
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 21:23:10 -0400
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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------------------------------
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