Linux-Misc Digest #636, Volume #21 Wed, 1 Sep 99 23:13:08 EDT
Contents:
Re: Extract the first n characters from a stream? (Cameron Simpson)
Re: shellscript: i need a tmp filename how get a unique one ? (Cameron Simpson)
Re: bash shell script (Cameron Simpson)
Re: KDE/GNOME comparisons? (Matthew Cline)
Using Multiple Monitors (Jason Bond)
Re: Any DVD players for Linux (Nick Bower)
Re: where do I learn... (John Thompson)
SQUID: Cannot open access.log file (Bas van Weelde)
Re: linux from the basic (Matt Kressel)
Active Server Pages for Apache? (John Hartley)
InoculateIT detected the (W95/Happy99.worm) virus in Mailbox (Pub (InoculateIT)
Re: ATI Rage Pro and XFree86 (John Vriniotis)
linux hangs during boot, ??? (Jesse Marandino)
Re: Any DVD players for Linux (Murray Todd Williams)
Re: Newbie question : AMD K6 2 etc Graphics (Christopher Browne)
GNOME applet problem (Mladen Gavrilovic)
Re: The optimization debate (was: why not C++?) (Christopher Browne)
Re: Had it with RH6 ("Ted Pavlic")
How to exec CGI scripts? ("Korah")
Re: WordPerfect cut&paste (Rod Smith)
Re: shell command to replace string in text files ? (Cameron Simpson)
A Real Linux for Free ("Super Solaris")
Re: Mount Compact Flash Disk on RH Linux w/ ISA Reader/Writer? (Marc D. Bumble)
REAL PLAYER Install Problems. ("Gilbert Groehn")
Re: Information Needed (Paul Kimoto)
Re: The optimization debate (was: why not C++?) (Christopher Browne)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.unix.misc
Subject: Re: Extract the first n characters from a stream?
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 00:21:05 +0000
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On 5 Aug 1999, in message <22E71DAEC504D111B78100805FFE9DC72358099C@PFS21>
Kenny Zhu Qili <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
| Hi I'd like to know how to extract the first n characters from a text
| stream. I tried using sed but it didn't work. I need this because I wanna
| extract the first 120 characters from my email body and send them to the
| web interface. Thanks in advance
Use dd:
dd bs=120 count=1 <file >wherever
Very handy for this kind of thing, dd is.
Cheers,
--
Cameron Simpson, DoD#743 [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/
If ye can say 'tis a brrraugh brrrrrit moonlicht nicht tonicht ye're
alrrright I ken.
An old Scotts drrrinkin song taught me by my Grandmother
- Ed Campbell, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (maybe)
------------------------------
From: Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: shellscript: i need a tmp filename how get a unique one ?
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 00:33:44 +0000
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On 30 Aug 1999, in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Harald Holzer) wrote:
| How can I get a random integer or the systemtime in milliseconds to
| create a unique filename.
| Or is there a better way to do this.
The traditional way is to use the process id, which is guaranteed unique
at the time the script runs. Normal code looks like:
# pick a file name
tmp=/tmp/cmd$$
# write to the file, or something
ls >$tmp
or whatever. $$ is the shell variable for the current process id, so
that names a file in /tmp prefixed with your command name (just so you
can handily ls /tmp and have a fair idea of which temp files are for
what). Because everything uses this convention, nobody treads on each
other.
Cheers,
--
Cameron Simpson, DoD#743 [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/
The Horn of Vengeance: When he pushes the horn button, the device produces
the sound of fingernails scraping on a blackboard, amplified beyond pain
threshold. If that doesn't work, the horn then plays the Pina Colada song.
------------------------------
From: Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: bash shell script
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 00:37:52 +0000
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On 31 Aug 1999, in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Bart Vanherck <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
| I am writing a little script that copies some files from one directory
| to another.
| I have an index file that contains the names of the files that must be
| copied in the
| selected directory.
| For this script I want to see a line in that file, but how can I do this
| ?
|
| The script on the command line is as follows " cpfiles <index-file>
| "
| The destination is always the current directory.
| For the script I want to examine the index-file.
cp `cat indexfile` .
You do want to be sure there's aren't spaces or tabs in the filenames...
--
Cameron Simpson, DoD#743 [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/
Giving money and power to the government is like giving whiskey and car keys
to teenaged boys. - P J O'Rourke
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Matthew Cline)
Subject: Re: KDE/GNOME comparisons?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:11:38 GMT
On Tue, 31 Aug 1999 22:45:41 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Matthew Cline)
wrote:
>I'm am looking for comparisons of KDE and GNOME, both from the point
>of view of a user, and the point of view a developer who might want to
>do some work on an open source desktop project. Are there any such
>comparisons out on the web?
I suppose I should ask some more specific questions:
- Which has the larger/more active development group?
- Which one has more momentum, and which is gaining momentum faster?
- Can the desktop manager and/or file manager in either one be
customized via scripting?
- I believe that KDE has a document modle; does GNOME?
- Do KDE and GNOME use CORBA in in compatible ways?
- How much trouble is it to make an application that works well with
both KDE and GNOME?
Thanks in advance.
------------------------------
From: Jason Bond <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Using Multiple Monitors
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 18:08:29 -0700
Please forgive me if I ask a stupid question. I know
XFree86 does not offer multiple monitor support (yet...I
believe 4.0 will), but are there any other comparable
free programs out there that do? Thanks kindly in advance,
Jason
------------------------------
From: Nick Bower <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.x
Subject: Re: Any DVD players for Linux
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 15:48:39 -0500
> Does anyone know of any software DVD players available for Linux,
> or at least any that are in development ?
i heard there's none available so far because the DVD encoding &
protection can't be released to open source. someone may correct me
there. maybe someone else knows if any are in development? it'll be a
commercial product i suppose.
nick
------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: where do I learn...
Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 16:56:27 -0600
"� The _Veracity �" wrote:
> please some one tell me the secret to linux.......
Hey; there is no secret; linux is "open source," remember?
:-)
> or tell me what is a good
> book to read about doing the router thing and proxy thing and stuff like
> that with linux unix or any other *nix system...thanks I need some light
> reading and don't really want to spend the next ten years deciphering thing
> system...thanks..larry
"Running Linux" from O'Reilly is a good one. "Linux
Unleashed" isn't bad either, and the latest version is
probably more current than "Running Linux." I'd just go
down to your local public library and see what they have on
their shelves. Chances are one or more of the books will
have a CD in the back you can install from even. You can't
get a better deal than that...
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: Bas van Weelde <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: SQUID: Cannot open access.log file
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 22:04:24 +0200
Everytime I re-install squid. Why? It does not work for me. All I get is
the message: terminated abnormally. FATAL: cannot open log file:
access.log.
Do you know what this problem might be?
Many many thanks in advance, even for reading this already,
Bas van Weelde
The Netherlands
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 20:44:24 -0400
From: Matt Kressel <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: linux from the basic
This is soo time consuming. Since the libraries must match and
everything must fall into the right place, you really should look into a
distro. If you really want to do the "by hand" method, take a look at
Slackware, as most of the packages are just tar.gz files.
-Matt
Sven Huster wrote:
>
> hi there,
>
> is there a doc or a helpful person to solve my problem.
>
> i want to setup a linux machine without distribution (redhat etc.)
>
> i got a running linux machine setup from redhat, but want to know how to
> do it myself.
> so i got two harddisk, one with linux running and one on which my new
> system should boot from.
>
> which libs, with progs, fs layout and so on.
>
> thanks
>
> cu
> sven
--
INTERNET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] | Matt Kressel
"And you run, and you run to catch up with the Sun, but its
sinking. Racing around to come up behind you again." -PF
------------------------------
From: John Hartley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Active Server Pages for Apache?
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 15:10:49 -0500
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Active Server Pages for Apache? So far all the info that I have found is
for ASP on IIS with NT. Can anyone point me in the right direction? I
would really appreciate it. Thanks.
-John
------------------------------
From: InoculateIT
Subject: InoculateIT detected the (W95/Happy99.worm) virus in Mailbox (Pub
Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 07:37:00 -0500
This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.
======_=_NextPart_001_01BEF3AD.855C65F0
Content-Type: text/plain
The (W95/Happy99.worm) virus was detected in (Public
Folders\Happy99.exe) and was sent by (Jumbo). Action: (File was not
Cured, Renaming.).
======_=_NextPart_001_01BEF3AD.855C65F0
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2448.0">
<TITLE>InoculateIT detected the (W95/Happy99.worm) virus in Mailbox =
(Public Folders), Sender (Jumbo) !!!</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The (W95/Happy99.worm) virus was detected in (Public =
Folders\Happy99.exe) and was sent by (Jumbo). Action: (File was not =
Cured, Renaming.).</FONT></P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
======_=_NextPart_001_01BEF3AD.855C65F0==
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (John Vriniotis)
Subject: Re: ATI Rage Pro and XFree86
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 21:00:57 GMT
On Wed, 01 Sep 1999 19:11:36 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher
Michael Collins) wrote:
>John Vriniotis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>ATI 3D Rage Pro (2mb) built onto the motherboard
>>Creative Labs Voodoo2 (8mb) connected to the ATI output
>
>
>I have a ATI 3D Rage Pro LT.
>
>It was supported in Xfree86 3.3.4 and the new 3.3.5 only
>
>3.3.3.1 didn't work. Check which version you have.
The version of Xfree86 is 3.3.3.1. Hmm.. how do I go about
downloading the newer version and upgrading? Can I download the .rpm
files through Windows 98, save to floppy and then install fron linux?
Sorry...newbie here :)
------------------------------
From: Jesse Marandino <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: linux hangs during boot, ???
Date: 2 Sep 1999 01:38:05 GMT
Hi,
I apparently setup the eth0 device incorrectly and now
my RH6.0 hangs at that portion of the boot.
I tried booting with "init=single", but it still hung
in the same spot. I am new to linux, can anyone point
me in the right direction. I have a boot floppy, but
i don't think i have a rescue disk and wouldn't know
what to do if i did.
thanks in advance
--
--
jesse at mips dot com - jesse marandino
------------------------------
From: Murray Todd Williams <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.x
Subject: Re: Any DVD players for Linux
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:20:13 GMT
Andrew Carroll wrote:
> Does anyone know of any software DVD players available for Linux, or at
> least any that are in development ?
>
> Many thanks
>
> Andrew
Check out...
http://livid.on.openprojects.net/
http://linuxdvd.corepower.com/
http://www.linuxtv.org/dvd/
If that doesn't lift your spirits, you haven't yet learned the magic of
determined Linux hackers.
Murray Todd Williams
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Newbie question : AMD K6 2 etc Graphics
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:41:21 GMT
On Tue, 31 Aug 1999 16:32:15 +0200, Levy, Richard
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>I have a K6-2 350 chip. With Windows, I needed DirectX version 6 to
>support the on-chip graphics acceleration. With my CAD work the
>difference was noticeable under Win95.
>
>Do I need a special set of drivers to make use of this acceleration on
>Linux? What about a special addon for the X server.
>
>I am about to install Red Hat 6 or Debian but am not sure which yet.
There is not yet significant support for "MMX variations" (e.g. -
Intel MMX, AMD '3DNow') for either the Linux kernel or for XFree86.
This means that this doesn't presently represent an issue that would
"break any ties" between your selection of one distribution or
another:
- Both Red Hat and Debian use X servers from The XFree86 Project,
which means that neither has any persistent advantage from the X
perspective;
- Both Red Hat and Debian use the same stream of Linux kernels as
managed by Linus Torvalds, again meaning "no persistent advantage;"
- Ditto for compilers like GCC and libraries like GLIBC.
There are few persistent performance issues that would cause Red Hat
to be preferable over Debian, and the same is true for most
distributions.
--
"Linux and other OSS advocates are making a progressively more credible
argument that OSS software is at least as robust -- if not more -- than
commercial alternatives." - Microsoft lamenting Open Source Software in the
"Halloween Document"
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/linuxarch.html#MMX>
------------------------------
From: Mladen Gavrilovic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: GNOME applet problem
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 17:24:17 -0400
Hi all, I'm using RH 6 with GNOME/Enlightenment.
When I got the GnomeICU program (ICQ client), I found that I couldn't
add it to my panel. I'd go on add applet, networking, GnomeICU, and
nothing happens. If there is a launcher right next to my main menu, the
space between them would increase a bit (everything would get moved to
the right), but the applet wouldn't show up. I could start the applet
by typing "gnomeicu" in a terminal window, however. So I temporarily
just put in a launcher button for gnomeicu onto my panel
This was because I assumed that there was an error in the GnomeICU
problem rather than in GNOME.
However, the same thing happened when I downloaded the xmms applet for
GNOME. Basically that means that any applets that didn't come with
GNOME don't work on it. I looked through my panel.d directory and found
that some of the entries are identical (for example Applet_9_Extern and
Applet_10_Extern both have the exact same CD-ROM mount entry). I don't
know how to define the ICU and xmms entries by hand, however.
Does anyone know how to fix this?
Regards,
Mladen
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.development.system
Subject: Re: The optimization debate (was: why not C++?)
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:45:35 GMT
On 1 Sep 1999 16:25:26 GMT, William Burrow <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>On Wed, 01 Sep 1999 04:19:11 GMT,
>Stephen E. Halpin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>On Tue, 31 Aug 1999 02:18:04 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
>>wrote:
>>>Once optimized once, it's harder to optimize the code again.
>>
>>If this werent true, all processes would converge to O(1),
>>and all data sets would compress to a single bit. Ultimately
>>there is a minimum amount of work that has to be done to
>>perform every task, and you cant optimize a process beyond
>>that minimum. Its not unusual or unexpected for this bound
>>to be approached asymptotically. Outside a particular context,
>>you cant generalize this to imply when any optimization may be
>>made to have the best chance to achieve that minimum, and
>>indeed, poor system design can prevent later optimizations
>>from being effective without redesigning the whole system.
>
>Wow, ten lines that basically repeats what was said in one line. Only
>on USENET. ;)
...And I'm typically the one that gets accused of being
long-winded...
--
Een schip op het strand is een baken in zee.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
------------------------------
From: "Ted Pavlic" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Had it with RH6
Date: Tue, 31 Aug 1999 12:56:55 -0400
I still periodically find packages that still use the old BSD file locking
emulation. If they try to do any locking on an NFS share with the new 2.2.x
kernel and the newest libraries, they can't get any locks and die. This has
been very frustrating.
(Of course this problem never would have been an issue if the BSD file
locking emulation was never added to the kernel ages ago... I'm sure there
must have been some good reason why they didn't do the right file locking
then. Oh well.)
I just noticed everyone else seemed to be whining about RH6.0 here, so I
wanted to get more of it out of my system too. :)
Leonard Evens <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> "Steve D. Perkins" wrote:
> >
> > > SB16 PNP worked flawlessly under 5.2, and is broken by default in 6. I
> > > got it to work, only after pouring through several HOWTOs including
> > > one for a completely different model sound card.
> >
> > I've been complaining about the exact same problem on this group for
> > about a week-and-a-half, and haven't heard any possible solutions yet.
> > What exactly DID you end up doing to make your sound card work?
> >
> > Steve
>
> sndconfig has had problems both under RH5.2 and under 6.0.
> I could never get it to work under 5.2, but I have usually got
> it to work under 6.2. In one or two cases it caused some
> problems because of the configuration. There is no question
> but that it is still buggy. However, there are upgrades which
> fix some of the bugs. Unfortunately, there are a lot of dependencies
> which must be satisfied, so upgrading the package requires upgrading
> a whole bunch of other packages also.
> --
>
> Leonard Evens [EMAIL PROTECTED] 847-491-5537
> Dept. of Mathematics, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL 60208
------------------------------
From: "Korah" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: How to exec CGI scripts?
Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 19:47:52 +0530
Hi,
I've been trying to execute CGI scripts in linux using a C library.
Unfortunately, when I press the Submit button in simple HTML form, there is
no response. I know that it tries to do something, because it reports an
obvious error if I give a non-existent filename. Otherwise, on pressing the
submit button, it simply reports Done without any change in the page. Could
someone please help me on this.
Thommen
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Rod Smith)
Subject: Re: WordPerfect cut&paste
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:32:54 GMT
[Posted and mailed]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Gene Wilburn) writes:
> Has anyone figured out how to cut and paste from a terminal window into
> WordPerfect 8 for Linux? I cannot move things from less or Emacs into WP.
> Have tried right-mouse, middle-mouse, standing-on-my-head-mouse, paste
> from the Edit menu mouse, and even tried clicking the mouse while
> simultaneously drinking Cherry Coke, but nothing gets from here to there.
It SHOULD work the same as copying between any other X-based applications:
1) Left-click and drag in the source window to select text.
2) Position the cursor in the WP window.
3) Middle-click to paste text.
Note, however, that some source windows seem to block the X clipboard.
It's possible that this is your problem. Try pasting into another window
(say, an xterm) to see if that works. If it does, and you can't paste
into WP, post again with more details, including your window manager and
the name of the program from which you're trying to select text.
--
Rod Smith
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://members.bellatlantic.net/~smithrod
Author of _Special Edition Using Corel WordPerfect 8 for Linux_, from Que
------------------------------
From: Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: shell command to replace string in text files ?
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 00:14:42 +0000
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On 2 Aug 1999, in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
"Christopher W. Aiken" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
| Try the "sed" command ( stream editor).
| Use man sed for docs.
Indeed. But it needs a little wrapping to do "replace".
And that wrapping is... bsed! Here's the URL:
http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/scripts/bsed
You invoke it as you do sed, but it edits the files instead of
processing them and writing to stdout. Eg:
bsed [EMAIL PROTECTED]/d file-with-email-addresses
Cheers,
--
Cameron Simpson, DoD#743 [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/
There is hopeful symbolism in the fact that flags do not wave in a vacuum.
- Arthur C. Clarke
------------------------------
From: "Super Solaris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: A Real Linux for Free
Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 23:14:26 +0100
------------------------------
Subject: Re: Mount Compact Flash Disk on RH Linux w/ ISA Reader/Writer?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED]
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Marc D. Bumble)
Date: 01 Sep 1999 22:30:25 -0400
Does anyone know how to mount a compact flash disk as a file system
(ata/ide) on Red Hat Linux 6.0a ? I have installed David Hind's
PCMCIA software and have purchased a Synchrotech ISA PCMCIA Card
Reader/Writer which is based on the Vadem chip set. However, although
I can load the related PCMCIA kernel modules, I'm not sure which device
to mount on the file system. If I do an lsdev, I see the i82365
device which I believe is my flash disk, and /etc/fstab seems to show
one flash disk in the related reader/writer slot. The other slot is
shown as empty. Basically, I think I am close. I think it might be
time for me to recompile the kernel, but I'm hoping not.
I mostly need to know which device to mount and as which file system
type.
Thanks in advance for the assistance,
marc
--
-----------== Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News ==----------
http://www.newsfeeds.com The Largest Usenet Servers in the World!
======== Over 73,000 Newsgroups = Including Dedicated Binaries Servers =======
------------------------------
From: "Gilbert Groehn" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.caldera,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: REAL PLAYER Install Problems.
Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 18:02:20 -0400
I am stumpted on getting Real Player ver 5.0
to work with my Linux 2.2 system. The CD player
and system sounds work great so I know the sb card
is configured properly.
I downloaded the file rv50_linux20.tar.gz and unzipped it
to a subdirectory of root named rvplayer5.0. All of the files
shown in the book "Using Caldera Open Linux" Que Special
Edition Page 895 installed correctly and du shows valid files
were installed. The above file is the linux version of real player
(one of three choices given in the real player download menu).
I followed all of the instructions outlined in the Que book and still
can not get Real Player to work. Everything else on the system
performs to perfection. Netscape blazes along on a 56K v90
modem and does everything except play music.
Can anyone give me some detailed instructions to get this to
work?
Any help will be most appreciated.
Cordially,
Gil Groehn
Please cc to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Paul Kimoto)
Subject: Re: Information Needed
Date: 1 Sep 1999 21:52:16 -0500
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Leo Cambilargiu wrote:
> I have tried installing a circuit analysis package called chipmunk. It
> seems I don't have a library => libX11.so.3 <= (perhaps not exactly but
> very close).
It you need libX11.so.6 (or libX11.so.6.something), that is part of the
standard X11 (a.k.a. Xfree86) bundle. If you really need libX11.so.3,
I fear that you may be trying to install very, very old software that
requires not only old X11 libraries, but also a very old libc (namely,
libc4, a.k.a "a.out").
> As a newbie, I understand this problem, which has me stuck in several
> fronts at the moment (also with enlightenment), to mean I have a weak
> understanding of the purpose and uses of a library.
>
> Can someone do me the immense favor of explaining the theory behind
> libraries? How you use is, what uses it, and what the HELL is meant by
> libX11.so.3
It is often convenient to package up some executable code into a library.
The traditional kind has (by convention) the suffix ".a", and is just an
archive of object-code files. The whizbang kind has ".so" somewhere in
its name, and is a dynamically-loaded, shared object.
"Dynamically loaded" means that the library code does not get copied
into the executable at link time (when the executable file is written
out), but rather is combined in the "right way" with the executable at
runtime. "Shared object" means that even when many programs require
the library to be loaded into computer memory, just one copy needs to
be present in memory (that is, it can be "shared" by many executables.)
The downside is that the executable is useless without the appropriate
shared libraries. Also, it may happen that during the development of
some library (e.g., the C runtime library, the X11 libraries, ...)
things may change so that new libraries don't work with old executable
programs. "Versioning" is supposed to help with this problem: each
*.so library is supposed to have an "soname" that incorporates a
version number. Each executable is supposed to know the sonames of
the libraries that it needs.
In principle, then, this allows for minor upgrades, from (for example)
libXext.so.6.0 to libXext.so.6.3 -- the latter is supposed to fulfill
the "libXext.so.6" role for executables built against earlier
libXext.so.6.x libraries. It also allows for having more than one
version of a library, in case of major upgrades -- a system could have
(for example) all of libncurses.so.1.9.7a, libncurses.so.3.0, and
libncurses.so.4.2, along with executables (of different vintages) that
required different ones of these. It's the job of the dynamic linker
to pick the right one for use at runtime.
You can get some more information about these sorts of things in the GCC
HOWTO: http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/GCC-HOWTO.html. (You may prefer to
use one of the mirrors listed at http://www.linuxdoc.org/mirrors.html.)
--
Paul Kimoto <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.development.system
Subject: Re: The optimization debate (was: why not C++?)
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 01:41:36 GMT
On 1 Sep 1999 16:25:26 GMT, William Burrow <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>On Wed, 01 Sep 1999 04:19:11 GMT,
>Stephen E. Halpin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>On Tue, 31 Aug 1999 02:18:04 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
>>wrote:
>>>Once optimized once, it's harder to optimize the code again.
>>
>>If this werent true, all processes would converge to O(1),
>>and all data sets would compress to a single bit. Ultimately
>>there is a minimum amount of work that has to be done to
>>perform every task, and you cant optimize a process beyond
>>that minimum. Its not unusual or unexpected for this bound
>>to be approached asymptotically. Outside a particular context,
>>you cant generalize this to imply when any optimization may be
>>made to have the best chance to achieve that minimum, and
>>indeed, poor system design can prevent later optimizations
>>from being effective without redesigning the whole system.
>
>Wow, ten lines that basically repeats what was said in one line. Only
>on USENET. ;)
...And I'm typically the one that gets accused of being
long-winded...
--
Een schip op het strand is een baken in zee.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
------------------------------
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