Linux-Misc Digest #219, Volume #24 Thu, 20 Apr 00 22:13:03 EDT
Contents:
Re: Partitions, mount points and sizes (Peter T. Breuer)
Re: owner 1000 and can't login (Juergen Heinzl)
Re: Urgent: Am I attacked, all logs are empty (Juergen Heinzl)
Re: pt_chown \ devpts (Juergen Heinzl)
Re: System Commander 2000 vs. Partition Magic ("jeff")
Re: Contents of RPMS? Source of variables? (Peter T. Breuer)
Re: on-the-fly file-compressing? (Peter T. Breuer)
Re: Will XFS Support ACL's ? (Christopher Browne)
Re: server-to-server file transfer? (Christopher Browne)
Re: File Size Limitations (Christopher Browne)
tar commands ("Russell")
Re: Driver trouble (George Bell)
Re: HELP! w/ I/O redirect!! ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Peter T. Breuer)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Partitions, mount points and sizes
Date: 21 Apr 2000 01:55:20 +0100
Eduardo Hidalgo Contreras ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: I am going to install Debian and right now I have Slackware. One of
: the questions I have not found a straight answer to is this one:
There isn't one. It's the same answer as the answer to "how long is a
piece of string".
: I am a home user, I'm not planning to make my box a web server or news
: server. I'm going to use it for software development, normal
: applications, browse the internet and to play games. Can somebody tell
: me what are the normal size requirements for the partitions, and if
They're whatever you like. Install once to you taste, make the
measurements. Then cut the partitions, and reinstall. A backup and
restore should see you fine.
: you can recommend where to split off the directory tree structure (ie.
: mount points). I have 5 GB for Linux (out of a 20 GB disk), including
This is way too much. You might consider 2GB as a working estimate.
: for the swap partition.
: Right now on slackware I have:
: hda5 329.02 MB swap
: hda6 271.44 /
: hda7 4647.29 /usr
Silly. Since disk bandwidth is 10MB/s tops, and memory bandwidth
is 1000MB/s tops, you are going 100 times as slowly as normal if
you are actually using your swap. That takes your P3 @600 down to
a P50. So you don't want to actually use your swap - just �se it to
hold stuff you can't be bother to kill. Say 96MB, absolute max, and
hope you never use more than 20MB of it.
: I have read the how-to's that explain about partitions, and the only
: example is about a little 386 that is going to be used as a news
: server in a 800 MB HD. :(
: Should I put my /home directory on another partition, can somebody
Yes, as you have read.
: tell me their configuration, or direct me to a how-to where I can get
You said you read the howto! It's the Partition-HOWTO.
: some answers.
: Thanks for your help.
: Eduardo Hidalgo Contreras
: ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
I am confused. Have you read the howto or haven't you?
For debian ..
/ 32MB
/var 192MB
/usr 768MB
/usr/local 256MB
/home whatever
That's a little tight, but that's what you asked for. Here's a real
debian 2.2:
Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hdb5 50717 28948 19150 60% /
/dev/hdb11 136227 63468 65724 49% /var
/dev/hdb7 511259 427227 57624 88% /usr
/dev/hdb8 257598 219515 24779 90% /usr/share
Peter
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Juergen Heinzl)
Subject: Re: owner 1000 and can't login
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:14:21 GMT
In article <8dndtt$ioc$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, John wrote:
>This is a Pentium III running:
>
> Red Hat Linux release 6.0 (Hedwig)
> Kernel 2.2.5-15 on an i686
>
> [root@csclinux sbin]# ls -l ht*
> -rwx--x--x 1 1000 root 25714 May 3 2000 httpd
>
> NOTE THE OWNER IS '1000' ???
>
>I have found several more files like this. They were
>previously owned by root and now the owner is 1000.
[...]
Let me start with please not the date ... either your
system did the time walk again or something is fishy.
>...and they seem to be growing in number although I have
>been trying to rid the system of them
[...]
Seem to or do they ?
>Could it be a virus?
[...]
Contrary to common folklore .. yes, though ...
>Also, when trying to get rid of these files I apparently
>threw out something that is part of my ability to login
>via telnet. I can login from the console OK but I can't login
>from the network via telnet. I've looked for missing files
>from inetd, telnet etc and I haven't found anything missing.
[...]
You tried to clean things up but since you do not seem to
be sure about what is going on it *is* possible you shut
yourself out.
>Any ideas will be greatly appreciated.
[...]
It depends, as from "get the machine off the network *NOW*"
if it is part of a cooperate network to "take your time
and investigate" or a plain "re-install" everything could
be the right advice.
If you did not strip the binaries and do have the "original"
ones available on CD start with a plain, bytewise compare
via cmp. If even on of the files is different, then get
the machine off the network ... *NOW* ... and report to
your administrator(s).
Personally I'd investigate, as Linux does not tend to
mutate in strange ways like that other system, so I'd prefer
to understand the problem. Mind this only if the machine
in question is not part of a larger network, as if it is,
then inform whoever might need to know. Better safe than sorry.
Cheers,
Juergen
--
\ Real name : J�rgen Heinzl \ no flames /
\ EMail Private : [EMAIL PROTECTED] \ send money instead /
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Juergen Heinzl)
Subject: Re: Urgent: Am I attacked, all logs are empty
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:14:20 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Charles Blackburn wrote:
>On Tue, 18 Apr 2000 21:05:04 GMT, Juergen Heinzl wrote:
>>>I also find there are two mysterious files in /root, which are named
>>>as 1, la.pid. If I remove these two files, they will be recreated by
>>>some process 3 minutes later.
>>You tried a cat la.pid to start with ?
>
>the other thing he could try is lsof and also looking in ps -aux too.
[...]
Yup; note though .. lsof might not be available, so see fuser too, but
lsof has got a lot more to offer; worth getting it. It's downside is,
that is is very powerful and had better be executable by root only,
as it really allows you to spy on what is going on in detail.
Since, as usual, I've not been quite clear .. la.pid sounds like some
process creates a process id file and the reason for the crap of a name
could be anything.
I do have qualms regarding a break in, as creating files with strange
names, not even . files so a "normal" ls does not show them up, would
be a really stupid thing to do.
Sort of doing a ...
echo "Hey, I broke into your system" > /CRACKER_ALERT_RING_RING_RING
...
Cheers,
Juergen
--
\ Real name : J�rgen Heinzl \ no flames /
\ EMail Private : [EMAIL PROTECTED] \ send money instead /
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Juergen Heinzl)
Subject: Re: pt_chown \ devpts
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:14:22 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Dave Brown wrote:
>In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Sergey Grishin wrote:
>>Hello!
>>after recompiling 2-2-12 kernel i got the following problems:
>>1)
>>when booting
>> mounting other filesystems
>> fs devpts does not supported by kernel
>>what is devpts and what should i do kernel to support it (recompile with
>>what options)?
>>
>>2)
>>when non-root user tries to run Xterm it fails saying
>> pt_chown must be setuid `root`
>
>The 2.2 kernel incorporated "pseudo-terminals" in the style of other
>Unix systems. Instead of devices like /dev/ttyp*, a dynamically
>replicatable driver was built; this creates devices in /dev/pts/.
>This "filesystem" shows up in your /etc/fstab.
>
>Pseudo-terminals are used by X terminal windows and telnets. As far
>at the host is concerned, these are not "real" (hardware) terminals
>(attached to the system), but act like real terminals; hence "pseudo".
>
>The kernel option which creates this support in under "Character Devices",
>called "UnixPTY". So when you rebuilt your kernel, you must have shut
>this off.
>
>The "permission" problem doesn't ring any bells, but may be an artifact
>of the first error, which definitely must be corrected.
[...]
If glibc is the standard library, then there shall be a binary
in /usr/libexec ...
/usr/libexec/pt_chown
... which *has* to be owner root and suid root. Now the previous
poster is quite right and it might be an artefact, I am not going
to try ;)
To enable Unix98 style PTY's, the kernel part aside ...
/etc/fstab:
===========
none /dev/pts devpts gid=17,mode=600
... where 17 is the group id of the tty group. It can be different
on your system and create ...
/dev/ptmx:
==========
crw-rw-rw- 1 root tty 5, 2 Apr 21 01:03 /dev/ptmx
... as well as ...
/dev/pts:
=========
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Apr 20 20:40 /dev/pts
... using mknod and, well, mkdir if not yet there.
Cheers,
Juergen
--
\ Real name : J�rgen Heinzl \ no flames /
\ EMail Private : [EMAIL PROTECTED] \ send money instead /
------------------------------
From: "jeff" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: System Commander 2000 vs. Partition Magic
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 17:18:40 -0700
Hmmm... My guess is that you're referring to BootMagic, a multi-boot program
which is shipped with PartitionMagic.
-jeff
"John Hong" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:8do1e3$d1h$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> "jeff" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
> >Partition Magic is a partition management tool, not a multi boot loader.
To
>
> That is incorrect. Partition Magic is not only a partition
> management tool, but also a multiboot OS loader. All one has to do is
> install the Boot Manager feature of it.
>
>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Peter T. Breuer)
Subject: Re: Contents of RPMS? Source of variables?
Date: 21 Apr 2000 02:15:14 +0100
JoshNarins ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: I'm trying to do a minimal install of RedHat 6.1 i386.
: I added a few packages I found I needed.
: Now, in an attempt to compile a particular device driver,
: I find that the sources for something are missing.
No you don't. Please don't make unwarranted assumptions. That's
bad debugging practice.
: Is there any resource which will tell me which files
: I can find in which RPM or SRPM?
Sure. Rpm.
: Specifically, I need to find some stuff related to SMP
: which isn't in kernel-smp-...rpm.
There isn't any.
: The exact error message I am getting while trying to compile
: my device driver is...
: > make
: gcc -D__KERNEL__ _DMODULE -DLINUX -DEXPORT_SYMTAB -I/usr/include -I.
: -D__SMP__ -DMODVERSIONS -O2 -pipe -c e100.c -o e100_main.o
: /usr/include/asm/smp.h: In function 'hard_smp_processor_id';
: In file included from /usr/include/linux/smp.h:11,
: from /usr/include/linux/sched.h:20,
: from /usr/include/linux/mm.h:4,
: from e100.h:44,
: from e100.c:95:
: /usr/include/asm/smp/h:209: 'APIC_BASE' undeclared (first use in this
Well, that's clear. You have messed up kernel sources. Remove redhats
installation and dowload pristine sources, to save yourself the hassle.
Note that you are NOT MISSING any files. The error message would have
said so if you were. You are misconfigured. Run make mrproper, and try
again.
: This is the device driver for the Intel Pro 100+ Management NIC.
It apparantly doen't like being compiled against your kernel sources.
What source is it aimed at?
: Maybe I don't need it, but I would still like to know if there is
: a resource which would tell me where something like APIC_ID was defined
: and which RPM I might find it in.
It's called "grep". You are barking up a gum tree.
: Heh, I spent a while looking for gcc before someone in real life was
: kindly enough to tell me the RPMS are called egcs.
Just run rpm -qalp over all the packages on your cd, and grep the
output. Or read the file list.
Peter
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Peter T. Breuer)
Subject: Re: on-the-fly file-compressing?
Date: 21 Apr 2000 02:17:18 +0100
Melanie Charlier ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: is there a way to do on-the-fly compress at linux filesystems as i can do in
: windows?
You don't mean what you said (examine it). But yes, there are several
compressing file systems for linux. Try e2compr, for one. Search for
it.
: marcus
Peter
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Subject: Re: Will XFS Support ACL's ?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:35:20 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when [EMAIL PROTECTED]
would say:
>Does anyone know if if the open-sourced SGI XFS journaling file system
>will support Access Control List to get better control of file system
>security?
Sure. It uses the standard Linux ACL toolset, as supported by GLIBC,
dpkg, RPM, and the standard ACL manipulators, getfacl, setfacl, and
such.
[For the clue-impaired, there is no such toolset, and those tools
_don't_ support ACLs. See
<http://www.iu.hioslo.no/~mark/sysadmin/SystemAdmin.html#SEC193>.)
<http://linux-patches.rock-projects.com/v2.2-f/pxacl.html> shows what
limited ACL support _does_ exist...
--
i souport publik edekashun.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Subject: Re: server-to-server file transfer?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:35:20 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when Bob Cent would say:
>I have just assembled a new Linux fileserver to replace our old Linux
>fileserver. Now I need to know what is the prefered way to transfer the
>client files from the old server to the new server. Is there a way that I
>can I mount the old server from the new server? Thanks.
Option 1:
Put the new server's IP address as one allowed permission to the
relevant directories in /etc/exports on the old server.
Then mount the relevant directories via NFS to the new server.
Then copy away.
Old server IP: 192.168.1.1
--> Add line to /etc/exports on host 192.168.1.1
/ 192.168.1.1
--> Restart NFS services
On new server:
--> mkdir /mnt/oldserver
--> New line to /etc/fstab:
192.168.1.1:/ /mnt/oldserver nfs 0 2 noauto
--> mount /mnt/oldserver
--> Explore what is to be copied under /mnt/oldserver, and copy
away.
Once done, remove the line from /etc/fstab...
Option 2:
Assuming there's space on 192.168.1.1 to hold a tarball containing
the relevant files, just build a big tarball, using tar, and then
use FTP to transfer the file across, and untar on the new server.
I'd commend option #1 as being likely "friendlier" and "more interactive."
--
REALITY is a policy phased out early in the Eisenhower administration.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Subject: Re: File Size Limitations
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 00:35:27 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when Larry Irons would say:
>Christopher Browne wrote:
>
>> Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when Larry Irons would say:
>> >Does Anyone know if there are any file size limitations in the 2.2.x
>> >kernel? I am loading a variable block file from a scsi tape drive. It
>> >loads approximately 2.0 GB and then stops but the file on the tape is
>> >much larger than that. Smaller file sizes are read just fine. Does
>> >anyone have any ideas or explanations for this behavior?
>> >
>> >BTW - I am using "mt" to setup the block sizes and "dd" to read the file
>> >from tape.
>>
>> There is a 2.0GB limitation in the 32 bit API normally used in GLIBC,
>> and thus used by utilities like "dd," "tar," "cp," and such.
>>
>> If you want larger files, your choices are twofold:
>>
>> a) Move to a 64 bit platform such as Alpha or UltraSPARC,
>>
>> b) Compile your kernel with the [fabled patch that breaks the 32 bit
>> barrier], and recompile all applications that you plan to have use
>> Big Files to use the LFS API.
>> --
>> This program posts news to billions of machines throughout the galaxy.
>> Your message will cost the net enough to bankrupt your entire planet.
>> As a result your species will be sold into slavery. Be sure you know
>> what you are doing. Are you absolutely sure you want to do this? [yn]
>> y
>> [EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/linuxkernel.html>
>
>Everybody has given good information on the background to the problem. Now we
>hear of a patch. What and where is this patch? Also some say the patch won't
>work because you have to recompile all of the applications to utilize it.
>
>Larry
>
>--
>Larry Irons
>Senior Geophysicist
>Tricon Geophysics Inc.
>[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
>
--
First Rule of Computer Security
- Only forbid that which can be made impossible.
- Facilitate the possible.
- Have the wisdom to explain the difference.
-- Mark Miller
[EMAIL PROTECTED] <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
------------------------------
From: "Russell" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: tar commands
Date: Sat, 22 Apr 2000 10:51:50 +1000
I have another problem. Recently I have been trying to learn how to backup
using tar, however, I can only seem to manage to tar certain files within a
directory but not to a device.
The devices I would like to backup to are a floppy (/dev/fd0) and a
removable HDD (/dev/hdc1), so far I have been unsuccessful in backing up to
these devices, the command I have used so far are, tar -cf Archive1.tar
(file names that i want archived) to the device i want it backed up to
/dev/fd0 or /dev/hdc1.
I would like to be able to backup to either one of these devices and restore
these file or directories to it's original location, any hints or suggestion
would be appreciated.
Thank you
Russell
using RedHat 6.2
------------------------------
From: George Bell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Driver trouble
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 21:18:13 -0400
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Have you tried http://www.xfree86.org ?
I once had a sis6326 and obtained the driver for it. But the installation
was such a pain I never finished it. When I upgraded my machine I got rid of
the sis for a Matrox Millenium, one of the best supported cards for Linux. It
is my understanding that Matrox itself provides the drivers for Linux.
Installing it was a snap.
Dave Cook wrote:
> I want to dump windows but am having trouble getting a linux driver for the
> SIS6326 graphics card, can anyone please point me in the right direction/
>
> Thanks
>
> --
> Daveth.
>
> "Go placidly amid the noise and haste and
> remember what peace there may be in silence..."
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------------------------------
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux
Subject: Re: HELP! w/ I/O redirect!!
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: 20 Apr 2000 21:36:57 -0500
On 2000-04-20 [EMAIL PROTECTED] said:
>Does anybody know how to do this? I tried piping stuff to the tty
>that it's running on, but that just feeds to the output. Is there
>any way to feed this app some input that it thinks is coming from
>the keyboard?
Pipe it to the application, not to the tty. If that don't work, try expect.
Net-Tamer V 1.08X - Test Drive
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
******************************
