Linux-Misc Digest #812, Volume #27 Tue, 8 May 01 18:13:02 EDT
Contents:
Re: employment opportunities ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Running from a RAM Disk ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Time question ("Daniel Kenzelmann")
Re: which library is getpid() in? (Yidao Cai)
Re: Help required with LILO+LINUX+NT mess (michael james obrien)
problem with mandrake and xwindow (Martin G.)
Re: Network sniffer (Chronos Tachyon)
Re: gnu find not pruning ("Peter T. Breuer")
Re: Do I need /usr/local, /opt, /tmp and /var partitions? (Anita Lewis)
Netfilter, IPtables... what the heck is going on? (grooveman)
Re: Quick question: how to copy files *and* directories? (Bill Unruh)
Re: problem with mandrake and xwindow (David Mehringer)
Re: vga = ask (olgnuby)
Re: Do I need /usr/local, /opt, /tmp and /var partitions? ("Peter T. Breuer")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: employment opportunities
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 20:32:28 GMT
"mark" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I wonder if you have any openings for Software Engineers ? If yes, I
> am interested and can send you my resume.
I think you've mistaken comp.os.linux.misc for being a job board.
It's not.
--
(concatenate 'string "cbbrowne" "@ntlug.org")
http://vip.hyperusa.com/~cbbrowne/resume.html
"There is no psychiatrist in the world like a puppy licking your
face." -- Ben Williams
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Running from a RAM Disk
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 20:32:31 GMT
"Mondrain" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Thanks cbbrowne!
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > "Mondrain" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >> Assumption 1: Power is not an issue. Only concern is failure of
> >> devices.
> > Are you putting it on a UPS? Even there, power _is_ an issue, as UPSes
> > aren't _perfectly_ reliable. [Aside: The only way I'd be anywhere near
> > prepared to call UPSes reliable, under paranoid circumstances, would be
> > if the system has _TWO_ power supplies, either of which could be
> > unplugged or _replaced_ without necessitating a shutdown...]
> The reason I think I can afford to make that assumption, is that I
> am working on the basis that I will loose everything at some
> point. I can not make power reliable without spending lots of
> money. Hence, I am building to be able to loose data without it
> being a problem. I had a solution to this, which I will get to that
> later.
>> And quite frankly, I suspect you'd be better served by getting
>> something like the NetLink DSL router. It's small, cheap, quiet,
>> and behaves more like an appliance, which is what it sounds like
>> you want.
> Thanks for the suggestion, but I want total control over the
> box. It's hardware, software, configuration - everything. I'm fresh
> out of University and miss experimenting around.
I haven't the patience, myself; definitely your call.
>> If you were seriously prepared to spend the bucks to have 512MB of
>> ECC RAM, I'd suggest downgrading to 64MB of RAM, and get a
>> CompactFlash card with IDE interface to store /var on. CF cards
>> are silent (which you want) but also provide persistent storage
>> (which you probably also want).
> Now that is something I had not though of. I was going to have an
> IDE drive that would be mounted when the UPS signals "power failure"
> to save stuff that needs saving. But that would have been ugly.
> However, 64MB for my entire system is a little tight. Following,
> this suggestion, I can put all read only data on the RAM disk (such
> as /bin /etc /lib and what not) and keep all "dynamic data" on the
> flash (/home /var).
If you're using this basically as a firewall/router, you should
_start_ by looking at some of the floppy-based distributions. You
certainly _don't_ need a 300MB distribution to just handle network
traffic and email.
There are usable distributions that fit on a floppy or two. If you
take _that_ strategy, 64MB is _oceans_ of room.
By the way, if you take the approach of sticking all your data onto a
(read only) boot floppy, which would be quite rational, the only time
you hit disk is at boot time.
> That does throw up the question "how late can I mount /var & /home
> during boot?" Can I load PCMCIA first, and then /var?
> Or does this make sense? The reason I am holding on to RAM disks is
> that RAM is cheaper. For ca. $150 I can get 384MB RAM or 64MB
> Compact Flash.
I'd think that the issue you should be concentrating on first is that
of what the overall platform should be. If you want no fans, then you
need to look to a "pre-Heatsinks-large-enough-to-bend-motherboards"
processor, perhaps an early Pentium, or such. As well as looking
closely at the motherboard/case combo to be used. If you want
something compact, you'll have to shop around carefully (or risk
needing to drop a grand buying a slick case and motherboard).
I think the 64MB CF is likely to be more _useful_, for this
application. Handling network traffic just doesn't need 384MB of RAM,
not even if you're sticking a cacheing proxy server on the machine.
64MB of RAM on a little box you stick on the shelf should be _more_
than adequate. After all, you're not planning to stick a GeForce
graphics board with 64MB of RAM onto this to play Quake, are you?
If you're planning to have a floppy drive on the machine, I'd be
inclined to boot from _that_, and you'd need neither 64MB of CF nor
384MB of RAM.
--
(reverse (concatenate 'string "gro.gultn@" "enworbbc"))
http://vip.hex.net/~cbbrowne/resume.html
"Be warned that typing ``killall name'' may not have the desired
effect on non-Linux systems, especially when done by a privileged
user." -- From the killall manual page
------------------------------
From: "Daniel Kenzelmann" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Time question
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 22:26:20 +0200
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, "Warren Bell"
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Ok, but my question was if I set the bios time to local time, not GMT,
> will the system still be able to detect and set standard time and
> daylight savings time?
Windows will change the bios time to do so, linux won't do
(afaik, it's been awhile since i used localtime and standard time changed
to daylight saving time)
so you have to change it manually, or as i did that time, didn't change
it at all and let windows change it, for it would change it anyway and i
didn't want the time to get two hours away from the standard time
but don't rely on that .. as i said it's been awhile (in the dark
ages when gates ruled the computer)...
:-)
------------------------------
From: Yidao Cai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: which library is getpid() in?
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 15:31:48 -0500
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Greg Porr wrote:
>
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> >When I compile my program in C, there is no complaint.
> >But when I use g++, it complains that getpid() undeclared.
>
> Unlike C, C++ compilers require the function prototype to be present.
> You need to include <unistd.h> in your program.
>
> - Greg
Thanks.
--
email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (michael james obrien)
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,alt.uu.comp.os.linux.questions
Subject: Re: Help required with LILO+LINUX+NT mess
Date: 8 May 2001 20:38:12 GMT
ARGH.
If you hadn't formatted the linux partition this would be trivial :(
For future reference, if this happens again get a lilo boot floppy. The
install floppy from most linux distributions work this way
for my system, the linux root lives on /dev/hdc2
at the lilo prompt I would type
linux root=/dev/hdc2 ro
Once in linux you read the /etc/lilo.conf file and see what the password
was.
If LINUX (not LILO) was asking for the userID and password, you could
have booted into single user mode with
LILO: linux 1
and from there reset the password, or built a new account./
CSA, Kanata [KAN:4B22:EXCH] ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: Here is my problem. If any one has an answer please send me an email at
: [EMAIL PROTECTED] or can reply here. I'll really appreciate that.
: 1. On my desktop there used to be LINUX which used to be booted by LILO and
: used to ask for the userid and password which I forgot and I didn't know how
: to bypass it at that time.
: 2. I had NT (version 4.0) with me and decided to load that but while
: restarting the computer to complete the installation etc. it was booting to
: LINUX and was repeatedly getting stuck at the userid and password stage.
: 3. So I decided to format the partition set aside for LINUX all together and
: did so. But the LILO didn't go and looks like LILO is occupying almost 10 MB
: space which I cannot format. So now there are LILO and NT in the machine.
: 4. Now if I restart the machine it gets into LILO boot prompt and
: automatically starts linux but hangs after a while much before reaching
: LINUX userid and password stage.
: So what's the solution regarding this? I want to keep NT only (at the
: least). However I didn't mind to keep the linux as well on the first place
: (although I lost linux now, but can reload if needed). The thing is that, if
: I get to some OS prompt I can use some usual OS commands to rewrite the
: master boot record etc. But can't reach to that point.
: -- Amitava
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Martin G.)
Subject: problem with mandrake and xwindow
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 20:57:17 GMT
Hello
Yesterday I installed mandrake 8, during the installation, there were no
problems, but when i started KDE (or any other window manager) after about
half a minute the windows distorted sometimes the whole system crashed down.
Any suggestions???
thanx
Martin
------------------------------
From: Chronos Tachyon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Network sniffer
Crossposted-To: comp.security.firewalls,comp.os.linux.security,comp.os.linux.networking
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 21:04:59 GMT
[For future reference, use commas to separate Usenet group names.]
On Tue 08 May 2001 12:11, Jonathan Kemp wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> We are looking for a pretty good network sniffer to be able to monitor
> our network. We have around 30 PCs, running Linux, WinNT, Win2K, MAC
> OS 9... from the basic workstation to the big Oracle database server.
>
> The best for us would probably be a Win2K sniffer, since all the
> workstations are running win2K...but we could manage to use anything
> else.
>
> So that's it, to make a short story, we are simply looking for some
> advices on choosing a good network sniffer.
>
> Thanks for the help
>
> Jonathan Kemp
> Capella Technologies
>
Ethereal for Win32: http://www.ethereal.com/distribution/win32/
WinPCap (required): http://netgroup-serv.polito.it/winpcap/
Like any other GTK app on Windows, it's not very pretty. However, it does
get the job done and it understands a large number of data formats.
--
Chronos Tachyon
Guardian of Eristic Paraphernalia
Gatekeeper of the Region of Thud
[Reply instructions: My real domain is "echo <address> | cut -d. -f6,7"]
------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: gnu.utils.help
Subject: Re: gnu find not pruning
Date: Tue, 8 May 2001 23:07:08 +0200
In comp.os.linux.misc Volker Apelt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I don't understand why /proc and /data are listed
> by the find expression below. They are not
> suid/sgid and they are explicitly pruned,
> so they should be excluded.
They're pruned (and printed).
> Can you explain this error ?
> ---------------------------------- part of script
> #!/bin/sh
> CURR_OUT=`mktemp /tmp/find.suids.XXXXXXXX`
> find / \
> -path "/proc" -prune -o \
well, at /proc, this will succeed on the -prune (so we won't
recurse), and then we finish the expression and do the implicit
-print.
> -fstype nfs -prune -o \
> -type f \( -perm -04000 -o -perm -02000 \) | \
> xargs --no-run-if-empty ls -ldis --full-time \
> > ${CURR_OUT}
Peter
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Anita Lewis)
Subject: Re: Do I need /usr/local, /opt, /tmp and /var partitions?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 21:28:53 GMT
On Mon, 7 May 2001 18:17:40 -0400, wroot wrote:
> Hi,
>
>
> Does it really make sense to create /usr/local or /opt or /tmp or /var?
> If I run Debian Potato or Redhat6.2 and install
> KDE2 or other software that is ahead of its distribution in /opt or
> /usr/local (separate partition) instead of installing it with all other
> software, will I be
> a) more happy
> b) less happy?
>
> I'm asking this because it's not trivial to me how Debian, for example,
> will update Pototo if I have KDE2 on it.
>
> Thanks
>
> Wroot
You might be less happy if you make the wrong determination on the size
these partitions need to be and have to try to make one larger. The only
partition that I think it makes sense to have separate is /home. The reason
for that is so that if you have to do a reinstall, you have all your files
in a separate partition and won't overwrite them. It is hard to figure out
how big to make these partitions, because you don't know what will be going
on them. I say make swap, /home and the rest goes on a big /.
Anita
------------------------------
From: grooveman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.networking,alt.linux.redhat,alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Netfilter, IPtables... what the heck is going on?
Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 21:21:33 GMT
Hi.
I have been struggling with this for several days now.
I installed RH 7.1 to act as my gateway/router using IP masq for my
internal machines.
Low and behold, what do I find -- RH 7.1 kernel 2.4.x does not like to
support ipchains! Now, I know, I know... It has legacy support for
this, however, I could not get ip_always_defrag and ip_masq_ftp going on
it. I have tried the stock kernel, and even recompiled my own -- and I
configured just about every networking option as a module, and these did
not show up anywhere on my system.
Ipchains is not much use to me if I can't use ftp! I looked around on
the web and lurked in groups and found people with the same problem --
but no real solutions were offered.
So I made it my mission to learn iptables --which IS natively supported
by 2.4.x. After going nuts looking for ipnatctl (which is referenced in
the iptables-howto), I finally found out that it has been incorporated
into iptables (only lost a day or two there!) So, how do I masq with
iptables? I looked around some more and found that the homesite of
NETFILTER doesn't appear to be functioning (at least in the last few
days) http://netfilter.kernelnotes.org .
So -- My question is this: How the heck are we supposed to know what to
do with iptables? The man page is almost useless here... it is simply
too complex to contain in one man.
Also: Can anyone tell me how to get my machine to masq without having a
forward policy of ACCEPT?
Also: What is the equivalent in IPTABLES of ipchains with a -y flag?
IS THERE ANYWHERE A PERSON CAN GO TO ON THE WEB, OR IN THE BOOKSTORE TO
LEARN HOW TO USE THIS TOOL?
I know that I cannot be the only one frustrated with this.
Thank you all! (I feel a litte better now :0) )
Chris
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Bill Unruh)
Subject: Re: Quick question: how to copy files *and* directories?
Date: 8 May 2001 21:28:41 GMT
In <9d98p3$tu2$[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Elf Sternberg) writes:
]In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
] [EMAIL PROTECTED] (3FE) writes:
]>> > I want--in a single command--to copy a directory ***and all files and
]>> > subdirectories within that directory*** to another location.
]Assuming that both directories exist and you're already in the origin
]directory:
] tar cf - . | ( cd /path/to/target/dir; tar xvf - )
tar cf - . |(cd /path/to/target/dir&&tar -xpf -)
The v option will print out every file which is installed in the new
directory. The -p option preserves the permissions and owners from the original,
instead of assigning new persmissions by some rule.
The && says to do the second command only if the first one actually
works. Ie, if for some reason you do not happen to cd to a valid
directory, the whole command will about-- otherwise you can overwrite
files which you are just reading-- a bad idea.
------------------------------
From: David Mehringer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: problem with mandrake and xwindow
Date: Tue, 8 May 2001 16:31:03 -0500
Probably your config file (/etc/XF86Config(-4) on RH, not sure whre it is on
Mandrake) file has at least one bad entry. If Xconfigurator (or
xconfig) comes with Mandrake, you might try running that. Does Mandrake try
to configure your system for X during the install?
On Tue, 8 May 2001, Martin G. wrote:
> Date: Tue, 08 May 2001 20:57:17 GMT
> From: Martin G. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Newsgroups: comp.os.linux.misc
> Subject: problem with mandrake and xwindow
>
> Hello
>
> Yesterday I installed mandrake 8, during the installation, there were no
> problems, but when i started KDE (or any other window manager) after about
> half a minute the windows distorted sometimes the whole system crashed down.
>
> Any suggestions???
>
> thanx
>
> Martin
>
--
David Mehringer, Ph.D. University of Illinois
[EMAIL PROTECTED] National Center for Supercomputing
Research Scientist, Applications/Department of Astronomy
Software Applications Developer, 1002 W. Green St.
BIMA Data Archivist Urbana, IL 61801 USA
voice: 217 244 5468 fax: 217 244 7638
http://monet.astro.uiuc.edu/~dmehring/dmehring.html
------------------------------
From: olgnuby <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: vga = ask
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Date: Tue, 8 May 2001 16:47:32 +0000
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> I finally found out (in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/svga.txt) that
> the hex mode numbers need to be converted to decimal for lilo.conf,
> hence,
>
> "vga = 290" = beautiful screen :O)
>
> Thanks again,
>
> H.
>
>
> PS While we're on the subject though, I fail to see why I can get all
> these nice possible screen modes with with an 8MB ATI Rage Pro, when
> not half as many are possible after a scan on my other machine which
> has a 32MB Matrox G400 Max....(!) It's all black magic to me.....
>
Aragggggh! Dunno why I didn't think of that also in my response to you. I
got caught in the same trap the first time around. ;-)
Good to hear all is okay.
I use an STB Velocity 128 with 8 meg vid ram. Don't get into games, so I've
got pretty good crisp video at 24 bbp under the latest Xfree86 version at
1280x1024. I can only get 1024x768 under Win with out a grainy, lined
affect.
Black magic. Dunno. I think sometimes it's like the old chief in "Little
Big Man" said. "Some days the magic works. Some days it don't."
Now if I can just read my USB flash memory cards under Linux some way, I
think I'll go on and brillo my Windows clean. ;-)
Charlie
------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Do I need /usr/local, /opt, /tmp and /var partitions?
Date: Tue, 8 May 2001 23:42:29 +0200
Anita Lewis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> You might be less happy if you make the wrong determination on the size
> these partitions need to be and have to try to make one larger. The only
There's no problem with that. It's a work of a few moments with parted,
or of a few minutes using the classical fdisk/mke2fs/tar method! Or
one can play with md and/or lfs for even more flexibility.
> partition that I think it makes sense to have separate is /home. The reason
And /var (and /usr and /usr/local and /opt and / and /boot and
/usr/share and /usr/X11R6 ...).
> for that is so that if you have to do a reinstall, you have all your files
> in a separate partition and won't overwrite them. It is hard to figure out
> how big to make these partitions, because you don't know what will be going
What's the problem with this?
> on them. I say make swap, /home and the rest goes on a big /.
Of course you know how big they are going to be! /usr/share will be
about 300MB, /usr will be about 600GB, /var will be about 128MB used
and 500MB of empty space. /usr/X11R6 will be about 64MB. You make it
sound as though nobody in the entire world had ever installed a
distribution for you to look at ... and you yourself can do it once
to see, then tar it up and untar it over the partitions put in the
right place. For that, you just need a / of 128MB and a var of 512MB
and call it a day with those plus /usr and /home any size you feel
like from 600MB up to 4GB. And in any case, doing it twice is well
under par for the course!
Peter
------------------------------
** FOR YOUR REFERENCE **
The service address, to which questions about the list itself and requests
to be added to or deleted from it should be directed, is:
Internet: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
You can send mail to the entire list by posting to comp.os.linux.misc.
Linux may be obtained via one of these FTP sites:
ftp.funet.fi pub/Linux
tsx-11.mit.edu pub/linux
sunsite.unc.edu pub/Linux
End of Linux-Misc Digest
******************************
