Linux-Networking Digest #187, Volume #12 Wed, 11 Aug 99 06:13:35 EDT
Contents:
Re: DNS on Linux @home Box (Chris)
mac address (Roger)
ftp server - newbie stuff ("Tom")
Re: Can someone tell me the meaning of these logs ... ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: what NIC + Hub do you pros use? (Greg Leblanc)
Named bogging system (Chris Severn)
Load Balancing between 2 routers (Walter)
���� �w�w �u�u, �Ӧb��. (Abe Lin)
Re: HWAddress -> IP address (Abdullah Ramazanoglu)
NAT implementation on a RH6.0 (kernel 2.2.5-15) box ("Davide Marzaloni")
SMC EtherEZ - problem solved ("PiotrCF")
SIOCGARP (Sitaram Shastri)
IPchains error ? ("Douglas J. Olivier")
Re: HELP with firewalls (QuestionExchange)
Re: routing problem with 3 NICs (Abdullah Ramazanoglu)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chris)
Subject: Re: DNS on Linux @home Box
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:28:55 GMT
On Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:43:58 GMT, "Hayden" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote
in comp.os.linux.networking:
>but when i am trying to register for a .on.ca domain, i was asked to provide
>the address of the ns server... or ns lookup.... then i realize that i gotta
>configure a DNS server so to help resolve my domain (or so i think...)
>
>so is this the best solution? To configure a DNS server on my linux
>box....and then i can register my domain and it will work? And if so, how
>does a DNS server work and how do you configure a domain server?
No, running a DNS on your home machine will NOT bring your domain to life.
In order to serve requests, your DNS must be part of a server tree. When
someone tries to lookup yourhost.yourdomain.on.ca, the DNS root servers
sent the request to the CA server, which sends the request to the ON
server, which sends it to the YOURDOMAIN server. In order to pass a
request to you, your server must have an address record somewhere else.
If nobody knows you're there, they can't ask you any questions....
Since you are an ISP subscriber, you have very few choices:
1) Get your ISP to issue you a fixed IP address. You can then get that
address inserted into as many domains as you want simply by contacting the
appropriate domain administrators. Reverse lookups (get name from
address) will always return your ISP-assigned name, no matter how many
aliases you have.
2) Get your ISP to offer a fixed FQDN for your dynamic address. BC-Tel
does this, for example, by using a script to update the DNS every time
their DHCP server issues or releases a lease. Once you have a fixed FQDN
(which will probably be quite ugly and non-English), you can get someone
to alias your custom domain name to your fixed FQDN. Reverse lookups will
still return the ISP's domain name, but at least it will be the same one
each time.
3) Use a DDNS service such as www.dhis.org or www.dynip.com. These
services will allow your Linix machine to run a ping-daemon that will send
packets to their server on a regular basis, and their server will update
your domain name to point to your new address every time it changes.
Reverse lookups will return your ISP-assigned FQDN du jour.
4) If you are on a 10-net (such as MT&T), give up now. Those ISPs use
non-routable addresses to prevent people from running servers.
ISPs are whining about the bandwidth consumed by method #3, but they
brought it on themselves by refusing to accomodate requests for #1 or #2.
------------------------------
From: Roger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: mac address
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 22:59:25 -0500
Under linux how would you get the hardware address(mac address) of the
ethernet card your using, besides looking on the card itself.
Thanks...
------------------------------
From: "Tom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: ftp server - newbie stuff
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 20:52:47 -0700
I've looked around but can't find the answer (really, I have :-), and I have
a very simple question for you all.
How do I set up Linux as an FTP server?
I can telnet in to my machine now, but it won't accept ftp connections. I am
using RH 6.0, have an ADSL connection.
I installed this thing about 2 weeks ago and I'm learning pretty fast, but
not fast enough...
Also, if anyone knows why LinuxConfig now asks me if it can change the "Lilo
Boot configuration" every time I exit it, and then it tells me there are
errors, please help me out. That's been happening ever since I managed to
get my network card working. (the D-link DFE-530TX card that someone asks
about on here every day now)
Thanks!
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To: comp.security.firewalls,linux.redhat
Subject: Re: Can someone tell me the meaning of these logs ...
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 07:46:41 GMT
Thanks for the reply. I am wondering if somebody connected to the
machine or was attempting to connect to the machine via telnet.
Any help will be highly appreciated.
-Priyam
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Sudsy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> > Here is the log that I am looking the meaning for:
> > #1:
> > Jul 20 10:57:33 garnetwell in.telnetd[24274]: connect from
> > xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
> >
> > Jul 20 10:57:35 garnetwell telnetd[24274]: ttloop: peer died:
Success
> >
> > #2:Jul 19 18:52:41 garnetwell named[145]: ns_resp:
query(abcd.efgh.com)
> > NS points to CNAME (GATEWAY.BNR.CA:) learnt (CNAME=yyy.yyy.yyy.yy
> > :NS=zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz
> >
> > I have put x, y and z in place of the ip addresses to conceal the
> > identity of the machine.
> > Thanks in advance.
> >
> > Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> > Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
>
> #1 just shows that someone telnet'd to your machine and was probably
> running Windoze since the connection died unexpectedly. It wasn't
> closed properly (sorry, couldn't resist the dig)
>
> #2 is a nameserver (named) lookup where it was resolving a name
> lookup on your DNS server.
>
> Completely innocuous messages.
>
>
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: Greg Leblanc <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc
Subject: Re: what NIC + Hub do you pros use?
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 06:57:28 GMT
At work we use almost exclusively Intel and 3Com nics. We have a large
number of 3com managed hubs. We like their products, they seem to
perform well, and they have VERY good support.
Greg
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Lindoze 2000 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> What 100BaseT Network Interface Card and 100BaseT Hub do you pros use?
>
> --
> Thank you for your valuable input. Your useful answers will benifit
> other users as well.
> You are Linux!
>
> ########################################################
> ## ##
> ## My Experiment ##
> ## http://www.FusionPlant.com ##
> ## ##
> ########################################################
>
--
It's pronounced "sexy" not "scuzzy"!
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: Chris Severn <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Named bogging system
Date: 11 Aug 1999 12:58:33 +0800
Every so often, my Redhat5.2 linux gateway system bogs down for about 10 to 15 minutes
at a time.
(It does masquerading, squid proxying, mail serving and web hosting for an ethernet
network
of about 15 PCs)
During this time, any attempt to telnet to the server fails due to timeouts, use of
the squid proxy fails, in fact any type of connection to the server cannot be
initiated (POP3, SMTP for another example). But, if I'm already logged in, I can
still do things, just very slowly.
The only hint I have of this is that every hour, 33 minutes past the hour, I get
similar four lines, starting with "Cleaned cache of....". I don't think it gets
bogged down every time, but maybe only around the time of the "Lame server lines in
the log".
Can anyone tell me what might be happening. I've included a section out of the log
which may give some indications.
Thanks.
Chris Severn
--
Delete the 'x' to remove the spamblock.
Except spammers, for whom my email address is abuse@localhost
section of /var/log/messages:
Aug 11 09:33:27 server named[246]: Cleaned cache of 78 RRs
Aug 11 09:33:27 server named[246]: USAGE 934335207 934166007 CPU=3.22u/1.56s
CHILDCPU=0u/0s
Aug 11 09:33:27 server named[246]: NSTATS 934335207 934166007 Unknown=2 A=5086
PTR=10415 MX=154 TXT=1 ANY=628
Aug 11 09:33:27 server named[246]: XSTATS 934335207 934166007 RR=2600 RNXD=1086
RFwdR=2047 RDupR=95 RFail=4 RFErr=0
RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=71 ROpts=0 SSysQ=330 SAns=14389 SFwdQ=1835 SDupQ=396 SErr=0
RQ=16286 RIQ=1 RFwdQ=0 RDupQ=84 RTCP=0 SFwdR=2047 SFail=0 SFErr=0 SNaAns=943 SNXD=13444
Aug 11 09:46:19 server named[246]: Lame server on '36.35.0.203.in-addr.arpa' (in
'35.0.203.in-addr.arpa'?): [139.130.4.5].53 'ns1.telstra.net'
Aug 11 09:46:19 server named[246]: Lame server on '36.35.0.203.in-addr.arpa' (in
'35.0.203.in-addr.arpa'?): [203.37.28.98].53 'bpinsydc02.bpi.net.au'
Aug 11 09:51:15 server PAM_pwdb[26856]: (login) session closed for user chris
Aug 11 09:57:04 server named[246]: Lame server on '36.35.0.203.in-addr.arpa' (in
'35.0.203.in-addr.arpa'?): [203.37.28.98].53 'bpinsydc02.bpi.net.au'
Aug 11 09:57:04 server named[246]: Lame server on '36.35.0.203.in-addr.arpa' (in
'35.0.203.in-addr.arpa'?): [139.130.4.5].53 'ns1.telstra.net'
Aug 11 09:59:04 server named[246]: dangling CNAME pointer (m1.doubleclick.net)
------------------------------
From: Walter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Load Balancing between 2 routers
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 16:16:49 +0800
Hi,
Using Redhat 6.0, and having 2 external routers (both using SUA, i.e.
masquerading in the router) I would like to balance the load to the
internet between the 2 routers.
I have tried the route command, but it will always prefer one OR the
other, not both at the same time.
How can I solve this problem without having to figure out which IP
addresses I should route to which router to balance it manually...
Can I "bond" 2 routers ? What If I use 2 network cards (or 3 ?)
I hope somebody out there has tried this before and can give me an
answer...
Regards
Walter Klomp
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Abe Lin)
Subject: ���� �w�w �u�u, �Ӧb��.
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 05:09:04 GMT
mail:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
phone:���@�|-�K�@�C�s�T�K�@
------------------------------
From: Abdullah Ramazanoglu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: HWAddress -> IP address
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 12:25:48 +0300
"Almer. S. Tigelaar." wrote:
>
> >> Since the user is apparantly not in my ARP cache it appears that I have
> to
> >> find some
> >> utility that makes a request shouting : 'who has this MAC address', over
> the
> >> entire network.
> >
> > Um, you could force a ping packet to the ip address and inspect the arp
> cache
> > then??
> How? I only have the MAC address.....
> (I need the IP address)
Use reverse arp (RARP). I never used it but AFAIK its job is exactly
what you are after.
--
Abdullah Ramazanoglu ( aramazanoglu AT demirbank DOT com DOT tr )
------------------------------
From: "Davide Marzaloni" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: NAT implementation on a RH6.0 (kernel 2.2.5-15) box
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:08:59 +0200
Hi everyone.
I'd like to implement NAT service on my box.
Could you help me telling me a complete step-by-step guide (download, kernel
compile options, module, command reference, etc.).
I heard somethjing about "ipmasqadm": I cannot find it in my distribution
(rh 6.0). Where should I download it?
TIA
Davide
------------------------------
From: "PiotrCF" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: SMC EtherEZ - problem solved
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:28:04 +0200
Hello,
I have found a solution of the problem with smc-ultra.
Namely, this driver does not support cards working
in full duplex mode on the other side and totally refuses
to work - not only with the full duplex card, but stops
working for a few minutes.
Regards
Piotr Fabian
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Sitaram Shastri <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: redhat.kernel.general,redhat.networking.general
Subject: SIOCGARP
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 09:30:41 GMT
hello,
i'm trying to get entries from the arp table.
#include<stdio.h> /*
i don't remember why i've included so many */
#include<stdlib.h>
#include
<net/if_arp.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<linux/if_ether.h>
int main()
{
int sockfd;
struct arpreq myarp={ {0} };
myarp.arp_pa.sa_family=AF_INET;
strcpy(myarp.arp_pa.sa_data,"202.41.72.1");
myarp.arp_ha.sa_family=AF_INET;
strcpy(myarp.arp_dev,"eth1");
if ((sockfd =
socket(AF_INET,SOCK_PACKET,ETH_P_ARP))<0)
{
printf("socket error :
%s\n",strerror(errno));
exit(0);
}
if((ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGARP,&myarp))<0)
{
printf("ioctl error : %s\n",strerror(errno));
exit(0);
}
if (myarp.arp_flags==ATF_COM)
{
printf("IP Address :
%s\n",myarp.arp_pa.sa_data);
printf("HW Address : %s\n",myarp.arp_ha.sa_data);
}
}
it exits saying dev!
ice not configured.arp -a shows the entry for the above ip address with its hardware
address as well as its hostname.
can someone tell me what i'm doing wrong?
thanks,
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
================== Posted via CNET Linux Help ==================
http://www.searchlinux.com
------------------------------
From: "Douglas J. Olivier" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: IPchains error ?
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 05:09:37 -0400
I have recently built a new router (Slackware 4.0, kernel v2.2.9) and
although I thought I brought over the config files correctly I now have a
routing problem.
Here are my settings:
/etc/rc.d/rc.inet1
IPADDR="24.218.78.112" # REPLACE with YOUR IP address!
NETMASK="255.255.252.0" # REPLACE with YOUR netmask!
NETWORK="24.218.78.0" # REPLACE with YOUR network address!
BROADCAST="24.218.255.255" # REPLACE with YOUR broadcast address, if
you
# have one. If not, leave blank and edit below.#
GATEWAY="24.218.76.1" # REPLACE with YOUR gateway address!
# Uncomment the line below to configure your ethernet card.
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 ${IPADDR} broadcast ${BROADCAST} netmask ${NETMASK}
/sbin/ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.1 broadcast 192.168.1.255 netmask
255.255.255.0
# Uncomment these to set up your IP routing table.
/sbin/route add -net ${NETWORK} netmask ${NETMASK} eth0
/sbin/route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1
#if [ ! "$GATEWAY" = "" ]; then
/sbin/route add default gw ${GATEWAY} netmask 0.0.0.0 metric 1
# fi
/etc/hosts
192.168.1.1 frankie.kahunabro.com frankie
192.168.1.2 bigkahuna.kahunabro.com bigkahuna
192.168.1.3 suzie.kahunabro.com suzie
192.168.1.4 jakie.kahunabro.co jakie
192.168.1.5 guest.kahunabro.com guest
route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use
Iface
localnet * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
localnet * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
24.218.76.0 * 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
loopback * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo
default 24.218.76.1 0.0.0.0 UG 1 0 0 eth0
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
ipchains -F
ipchains -P forward ACCEPT
ipchains -A forward -j MASQ -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 0.0.0.0/0
ipchains -A forward -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQ
ipchains -A forward -i 24.128.82.84 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQ
ipchains -A forward -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQ
# this is the script for my firewall
/sbin/ipchains -F input
/sbin/ipchains -F output
# rules for outgoing packets
/sbin/ipchains -A output -p TCP -d 0.0.0.0/0 80 -t 0x01 0x10
/sbin/ipchains -A output -p TCP -d 0.0.0.0/0 23 -t 0x01 0x10
/sbin/ipchains -A output -p TCP -d 0.0.0.0/0 ftp-data -t 0x01 0x02
#rules for incomming packets
/sbin/ipchains -A input -i lo -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -P input DENY
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 ftp-data -d 192.168.1.0/24
1024:59
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 ftp-data -d 192.168.1.0/24
6010: -
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 ftp -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 139 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 110 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p TCP -s 0.0.0.0/0 23 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/ipchains -A input -p ICMP -j ACCEPT
cho 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
I can access Internet from individual machines, but cannot access other
machines (besides gateway machine frankie).
>From 192.168.1.2:
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
Pinging 192.168.1.4 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.4:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
Any and all help would be appreciated.
------------------------------
From: QuestionExchange <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: HELP with firewalls
Date: 10 Aug 1999 20:10:40 GMT
> HI, I have this firewall up. I got a script from somewhere
> and am just modifying it. Anyway, I am ip masqing with @home
> using redhat 5.2. My firewall is ok for everything else except
> for the mail and news servers. On my win box, when I try to
> connect to nntp server as "news" ("news" is how @home
> describes their news server) it won't let me. But when I log on
> using the ip address of the nntp server it works fine. This is
> the following for the firewall script # NNTP NEWS client
> (119) # ---------------------- ipfwadm -I -a accept -P
> tcp -k -W $EXTERNAL_INTERFACE \ -S $NEWS_SERVER
> 119 \ -D $IPADDR $UNPRIVPORTS ipfwadm -O -a
> accept -P tcp -W $EXTERNAL_INTERFACE \ -S $IPADDR
> $UNPRIVPORTS \ -D $NEWS_SERVER 119 where
> NEWS_SERVER = "news" EXTERNAL_INTERFACE = "eth1" UNPRIVPORTS =
> "1024:65535" now I have tried changing NEWS_SERVER to its
> corresponding ip address but that did not seem to work. It is
> only when I explicitly say my nntp news server is "news"
> However on my linux box when I ping "news" it pings fine (this
> is how I got ip address) Likewise it is the same for my
> POP3_SERVER and SMTP_SERVER Anyway I created this firewall
> from this place: http://rlz.ne.mediaone.net/linux/firewall/
> Please respond to this query. Thank you
Make sure your windows box either is in the same domain as the
server "news" or has it in it's domain search path in tcp/ip
options. Otherwise, try specifiying the fully qualified
domain name for news (perhaps news.home.com?).
--
This answer is courtesy of QuestionExchange.com
http://www.questionexchange.com/servlet1/showUsenetGuest?ans_id=2478&cus_id=USENET&qtn_id=1600
------------------------------
From: Abdullah Ramazanoglu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: routing problem with 3 NICs
Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 12:16:54 +0300
Amanda Cheung wrote:
>
> Amanda Cheung <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> news:7op130$58r$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> > I have a RedHat6.0 DNS server with 3 NIC, one to the internet, one to our
> > web/email servers (sub-class C network) and the other to our private
> > network. All interfaces come up fine and I've enable ip_forward already.
> > I also put
> >
> > ipchains -P forward DENY
> > ipchains -A forward -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQ
> >
> > making our private network sees the outside world. No other ipchains
> > commands added.
> >
> > 223.15.133.126 is the router to our ISP
> > 223.15.133.120 (eth0) is the interface to the internet
> > 223.15.133.62 (eth2) is the interface to our server-subnetwork
> > 192.168.1.80 (eth1) is the interface to the private network
> >
> > My routing table looks like this,
> >
> > Kernel IP routing table
> > Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt
> > Iface
> > 192.168.1.80 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0
> > eth1
> > 223.15.133.62 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0
> > eth2
> > 223.15.133.120 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0
> > eth0
> > 223.15.133.64 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0
> > eth0
> > 223.15.133.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0
> > eth2
> > 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0
> > eth1
> > 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0
> lo
> > 0.0.0.0 223.15.133.126 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0
> > eth0
> >
> > 192.168.1.0 network can access the outside world. I have a machine
> connected
> > to eth2 with ip 223.15.133.5, it can ping eth0 of the DNS server but not
> the
> > outside world and visa vesa.
> >
> > What have I missed? How do I make our server-subnetwork sees the outside
> > world ?
> > Thanks in advance.
> >
> > Mandy
> >
> >
> I also tried adding,
>
> ipchains -A forward -s $server-ip -j ACCEPT
> ipchains -A forward -d $server-ip -j ACCEPT
>
> but they don't help. Is there something wrong with my routing table?
>
> Mandy
I didn't look at routing table closely before, but I couldn't find any
flaw in it. It seems that you created 4 subnets out of 223.15.133.0-255
range. So you have (i)223.15.133.0-63/26, (ii)223.15.133.64-127/26,
(iii)223.15.133.128-191/26, and (iv)223.15.133.192-255/26 subnets. And
you are currently using (i) and (ii) subnets for different 223.15.133
segments.
You might try an explicit routing table entry for destination
223.15.133.126 --> eth0 though it is unnecessary.
I would suggest to enable forwarding as policy for a very brief
time-slot and see if your problem relates to routing or firewalling.
--
Abdullah Ramazanoglu ( aramazanoglu AT demirbank DOT com DOT tr )
------------------------------
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