Linux-Setup Digest #348, Volume #19 Mon, 7 Aug 00 23:13:10 EDT
Contents:
dual-booting Mandrake-Linux and Windows 2000 (Anurag Purwar)
.bash_logout for su ... (Dave Skolnick)
Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship. (Christopher Browne)
Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship. (Christopher Browne)
Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship. (Christopher Browne)
Re: no sndconfig with RH 6.2 ("Philo")
Caldera OpenLinux 2.2 KDE ("Matthew Pang")
Re: ??amount of swap space in relation to memory (Michael Meissner)
Linux 4 Windows and Linux Mandrake questions ("Gerardo")
Re: Will do almost anything for help - Simple way! ("Xzera")
Re: X no like booting from HD, only from floppy ("Xzera")
Redhat 6.2 and Riva TNT? ("aquafunk")
Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship. (John Hasler)
Re: Trade Mandrake 7.1 for equivilant (Buschman)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 07 Aug 2000 20:32:53 -0400
From: Anurag Purwar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.admin
Subject: dual-booting Mandrake-Linux and Windows 2000
Hi all:
I am trying to install Linux(Mandrake 7.1) and Windows 2000 on following
configuration of a pc:
Primary ide controller has
Master: A 8 GB HDD, Slave: CDROM
Secondary ide controller has
Master : A 13 GB HDD, Slave: none
And I have to run into many problems trying to get them running
together. I want to install Windows2000 on Secondary channel's
master(bigger HDD) and Linux on Primary channel's master (smaller HDD)
and want to boot them off using LILO. Can someone suggest me how to go
about it without falling in a trap? Is there any resource
(official/unofficial) available on this topic which I can read
somewhere?
While installing Linux-Mandrake 7.1, I am letting it's own Drake utility
to make the partitions which are like (if I remember correctly)
swap (somewhere in the beginning of primary master HDD)
/dev/hda5 on /
/dev/hda6 on /usr
/dev/hda7 on /home
windows goes on /hdc1
Any help would be appreciated. I seem to have wasted enormous amount of
time experimenting it myself so I think it's time I should seek help
from Linux gurus.
Thanks.
Anurag
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Dave Skolnick <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: .bash_logout for su ...
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 01:28:32 GMT
I am trying to keep track of configuration changes on my system. I have
set up a small script called adminlog (below) to maintain a
chronological log. My root/.bash_logout calls it (file also below).
Unfortunately it does not work when I log in as a user over a telnet
session and su to root. Any suggestions on how to force something to run
when one logs out of an su session?
Dave
adminlog script:
=====
#!/bin/sh
#
# Routine to automate recordkeeping for root. Call in .bash_logout for
root.
# 07/29/2000 dhs
# TODO: Figure out how to use a variable to hold the log file pathname
# LOGFILE = "/var/log/sysadmin.log.$(hostname)" # path and logfile name
echo -e "----- \n\n $(date +%c) \n" >> /var/log/sysadmin.log.$(hostname)
echo -e "Okay, what did you do?\n"
vi + /var/log/sysadmin.log.$(hostname)
=====
/root/.bash_logout:
=====
# ~/.bash_logout
# add call to edit sysadmin log (sysadmin.log.$(hostname)) on each exit
/sbin/adminlog
clear
=====
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc,gnu.misc.discuss
Subject: Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship.
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 01:40:36 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when blowfish would say:
>> And if company tax is lower - in some places it may be as low as 30% -
>> then the reward for buying and tax-deducting is not attractive.
>>
>Put it on business loss.
>
>Find a good accountant.
>
>I am not an accountant. Or tax consultant. But business loss is legit
>deduction.
I am also not an accountant, by profession. However, accounting _was_
one of my majors (along with computer science) in the undergrad degree
I was granted, and I prepared, during that timeframe, _hundreds_ of
tax returns, so I surely ought to have _some_ degree of cluefulness
about this.
What I _am_ fairly certain of is that you sure are showing off lots
of evidence of being utterly unqualified to be either an accountant
or a tax consultant; the amount you're describing as a "business loss"
is _not_ going to fly with the tax authorities.
Business expenses are typically _deductible_, which is a term that has a
reasonably precise meaning. It does _not_ mean that they may be deducted
from the tax _bill_. _That_ particular scenario is generally described
using the term "tax credit." Instead, business expenses are deducted
from taxable _income_.
If the tax rate is 40%, then that means the reduction in the tax bill
is 40% of the business expense.
Thus, if you paid a business expense of $1000, your tax bill diminishes
by $400. The remaining $600 that got paid out is _your problem._ It's
not a "deduction." It's not a "business loss." It's an AMOUNT YOU PAID,
and that's _your problem._
I'm not going to say anything more on this thread; if you are incapable
of understanding what is described in this article, then it is fairly
evident that you would be incompetent to run a business, certainly not
without the aid of a competent accountant. Furthermore, if you can't
grasp this bit of basic taxation, you're likely not competent to run a
business even _with_ the aid of a competent accountant.
Either way, trying to explain this further seems doomed to failure.
--
[EMAIL PROTECTED] - <http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/linux.html>
Rules of the Evil Overlord #49. "If I learn the whereabouts of the
one artifact which can destroy me, I will not send all my troops out
to seize it. Instead I will send them out to seize something else and
quietly put a Want-Ad in the local paper."
<http://www.eviloverlord.com/>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc,gnu.misc.discuss
Subject: Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship.
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 01:40:38 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when blowfish would say:
>Robert Krawitz wrote:
>> blowfish <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>> > Robert Krawitz wrote:
>>
>> > > > Take Boeing as an example. If they go the free software route, they can
>> > > > save millions in software costs, but they decided against it, because
>> > > > it's not practical for such a big international corp to switch
>> > > > everything, tens of thousands of employees in numourous countries, and,
>> > > > the trainning costs and time loss will far outcosted the cost saving in
>> > > > free software.
>> > >
>> > > That's quite a different issue.
>> >
>> > That's part of the total costs too. Isn't it!?
>>
>> Of course it is, but that has nothing to do with free vs. proprietary
>> software; it's a matter of frictional losses in retraining on anything.
>
>But we're discussoing the overall values of "free" vs. propriety
>software. Ain't we?
No, the discussion is about the relative costs of the different
varieties of software.
>So. That should be part of the total equation too.
Frictional losses resulting from retraining on _anything_ are incurred
regardless of whether you work with free software or non-free software.
If deploying Windows 2000 results in a retraining bill of $4K per employee
due to the differences between W2K and WNT, whilst deploying Linux results
in a retraining bill of $4K per employee due to the differences between
Linux and WNT, the relative difference between deploying W2K and Linux
would be $0.
That's not guaranteed to be the result; the numbers could well be
different from "$4K and $4K." But if the differences in software license
costs are high enoughs, that can mean that if Linux retraining is only
moderately more than W2K retraining, Linux proves less expensive overall.
On the other hand, deploying W2K in an environment where Unix is heavily
used is likely to result in _vastly_ more expensive training costs than
a deployment of Linux in that environment. In such a case, it is quite
easy for deployment of Linux to be economically dominant over deployment
of W2K.
A competent overall evaluation of the net costs requires looking at
a host of different kinds of costs simultaneously, combined via some
cash flow model. Preferably with some modicum of actuarial analysis.
Those that aren't familiar with Net Present Values, or who don't know what
an actuary is, are liable to find it a daunting task to competently read
such an analysis. This discussion is not leading towards anything other
than terribly fragmented analyses from which _no_ overall conclusions
may be drawn.
--
[EMAIL PROTECTED] - <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
ASSEMBLER is a language. Any language that can take a half-dozen
keystrokes and compile it down to one byte of code is all right in my
books. Though for the REAL programmer, assembler is a waste of
time. Why use a compiler when you can code directly into memory
through a front panel.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Browne)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc,gnu.misc.discuss
Subject: Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship.
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 01:40:40 GMT
Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when blowfish would say:
>Christopher Browne wrote:
>>
>> Centuries ago, Nostradamus foresaw a time when blowfish would say:
>> >Zebee Johnstone wrote:
>> >>
>> >> In comp.os.linux.setup on Fri, 04 Aug 2000 13:54:24 -0700
>> >> blowfish <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >> >
>> >> >The arguement of costs is not important at all.
>> >> >
>> >> >At least for any real businesses.
>> >> >
>> >> >You see. Business software is part of the business expenses, so, they're
>> >> >tax deductable.
>> >> >
>> >> >The money has got to go, either to the software companies, or to the tax
>> >> >collectors.
>> >> >
>> >> >So. Tell me where's the *real* saving!!!???
>> >> >
>> >>
>> >> Does tax deductability work differently in the US?
>> >>
>> >I don't know. I'll have to ask my cousin in Australia.
>> >
>> >> Here, you deduct it from your taxable income, not the tax you pay.
>> >>
>> >So. If you can deduct it from your taxable income, you're than paying
>> >less tax. Isn't it? Mate!?
>>
>> If the corporate tax rate is 30%, then for every dollar spent on
>> expenses, you get to deduct $0.30 from the tax bill.
>>
>> That means that while there is a tax "benefit," you're still behind
>> by $0.70 on the dollar, or, in other words, are sitting on a net
>> loss of money.
>>
>> I used to do tax work (in Canada; higher rates, not ludicrously different
>> principles), and was fairly amazed at the number of doctors that
>> were quite happy to throw their money away on frivolous "tax shelter"
>> investments. I think they felt happy about it because they got to keep
>> from paying the government a bunch of money. It was nonetheless quite
>> irrational from an economic standpoint since for them to save $10,000 on
>> their tax bill, they had to throw $20,000 into the "toilet" of "stupid
>> tax shelter."
>>
>> You seem to be suffering from the same delusion, namely that it's always
>> good to diminish your tax bill. That's downright _false_; the more
>> rational thing to do is to _maximize your net cash flows._ Paying an
>> extra $50,000 in taxes is a _wonderful_ thing so long as you're receiving
>> an amount significantly _more_ than $50,000. I'd rather like to have
>
>Talk to your bean counter. Put in on business loss if possible.
As I mentioned above, I have actually worked as a tax accountant, which
means that I _AM_ the "bean counter."
Your "Put in on business loss" idea is a _delusion._
--
[EMAIL PROTECTED] - <http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/>
"Are [Linux users] lemmings collectively jumping off of the cliff of
reliable, well-engineered commercial software?" -- Matt Welsh
------------------------------
From: "Philo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: no sndconfig with RH 6.2
Date: Mon, 7 Aug 2000 20:39:26 -0500
should be in /usr/sbin
if not, you will have to upgrade you installation and add your audio
Philo
------------------------------
From: "Matthew Pang" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Caldera OpenLinux 2.2 KDE
Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2000 10:05:49 +0800
After installation, I started KDE and found the the virtual screen was
bigger than the physical screen. I tried to modify ViewPort 0 0 to disable
Virtual Desktop and Virtual 1024 768 to resize the resolution in "Screen
sections" XFree86Config. But it did not help. So I hope someone could give
me some advise.
------------------------------
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.powerpc,comp.unix.admin
Subject: Re: ??amount of swap space in relation to memory
From: Michael Meissner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: 07 Aug 2000 22:17:39 -0400
"!!Tonnere de Brest" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> 87 Rot@ns1 /home/httpd/html#uname -a
> Linux ns1 2.2.13-4mdk #1 Tue Sep 7 18:23:11 CEST 1999 i686 unknown
>
> 6:12pm up 3 days, 21:15, 2 users, load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00
> 56 processes: 55 sleeping, 1 running, 0 zombie, 0 stopped
> CPU states: 0.0% user, 0.9% system, 0.0% nice, 99.0% idle
> Mem: 63156K av, 61564K used, 1592K free, 358832K shrd, 2012K buff
> Swap: 104384K av, 12808K used, 91576K free 13592K cached
>
>
> as you can see, the machine is running out of memory. I am planning to add 128
> megabytes of memory. Do I have to increase the size of the swap space? Also is
> there a simple command that would give me the amount of memory and swap on the
> machine?
Actually, it doesn't look like you are desperately running about of memory (you
only have 12meg of swap space). Linux uses all available memory to hold cached
files (13.5 meg) and buffers (2 meg). When it needs more memory, it will cut
down on these usages, and allocate the memory to active processes.
In terms of your question about resizing the swap space, no you do not have to
have any correlation between the size of physical memory and the swap space.
If you have a recent distribution of Linux, swap partitions can be much larger.
I currently have two 128 megabyte and one gigabyte sized swap partition on 3
separate disks.
To answer your question about the amount of memory and swap on the machine, the
top summary that you posted gives you that amount. The 'free' command also
gives you this information. For example on my system:
-tiktok-> free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 256856 254500 2356 60292 85524 90316
-/+ buffers/cache: 78660 178196
Swap: 1252980 860 1252120
You can also look at the information directly in the /proc/meminfo file:
-tiktok-> cat /proc/meminfo
total: used: free: shared: buffers: cached:
Mem: 263020544 260689920 2330624 61755392 87576576 92553216
Swap: 1283051520 880640 1282170880
MemTotal: 256856 kB
MemFree: 2276 kB
MemShared: 60308 kB
Buffers: 85524 kB
Cached: 90384 kB
SwapTotal: 1252980 kB
SwapFree: 1252120 kB
To see the sizes and location of the swap areas active, look at the /proc/swaps
file:
-tiktok-> cat /proc/swaps
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/sda5 partition 136512 0 1
/dev/sdb5 partition 136512 0 1
/dev/sdc2 partition 979956 860 2
--
Michael Meissner, Red Hat, Inc.
PMB 198, 174 Littleton Road #3, Westford, Massachusetts 01886, USA
Work: [EMAIL PROTECTED] phone: +1 978-486-9304
Non-work: [EMAIL PROTECTED] fax: +1 978-692-4482
------------------------------
From: "Gerardo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Linux 4 Windows and Linux Mandrake questions
Date: Mon, 7 Aug 2000 22:22:43 -0400
I just saw in Best Buy Macmillan Linux for Windows Mandrake 7.1 for $20.00.
I don't have Linux installed presently and I would like to install it. I
have a few questions:
Question 1: Does it come complete including, Netscape, auto updates,
etc.... Is it just as good as the standard Macmillan Mandrake 7.1? It
would be nice not having to re-partition, or not having to deal with a boot
manager....In addition, if I upgrade my Windows version, I don't want
Windows to mess up the booting sequence (kill LILO or something like
that...)
Question: I am hoping that it has an improved Hardware detection than the
Macmillan Mandrake 6.5:
I used to have Macmillan Mandrake 6.5 and I could never get my modem and my
sound card working together. So I ended up unistalling it.... What
happened was that I have a Modem Blasted DI5601 (ISA) and a basic Sound
Blaster 16 card. Both are supported independently. However, the problem
was that Linux told me that I had a Sound Card DI5661 (in other words it
confused both cards...). And I couldn't never get both to work. The only
way I got any to work was when I physically remove one from the computer,
but never together.....One or the other.....
Question3: Will Linux work with my Intellimouse Optical?
Thank you in advance,
Gerardo
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: "Xzera" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Will do almost anything for help - Simple way!
Date: Mon, 07 Aug 2000 21:22:32 -0600
Really, since you can get on the net with your 486, you don't have to go
through all this grief. Go to
http://www.chembook.chemusa.com/chembook/miscftp.html and there you can
download a Win98 bootdisk in exe form. Just download it, put a fresh
floppy in the drive and execute it. Viola! Win98 boot disk. One URL that
is really really handy to know (for Dos and Winduhz) is
http://www.bootdisk.com. That's where the above link came from. Make the
boot disk, boot the computer, change to C, fdisk /MBR, and you should have
Win98 back up and running.
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Valentin Guillen
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Gary
>
> First thing you need to do is create a fresh, new dos boot diskette.
> Test it. Make sure that you can boot another machine with the diskette.
> Make sure that you have basic dos executables available on the
> diskette, executables like format.com, fdisk.exe sys.com etc. You NEED
> to have the executables which you're likely to need on the diskette.
>
> Next, sit down and try to remember. You need to remember! You need to
> remember if you changed, in your initial desperation, the boot sequence
> setting in your bios. You have someplace in bios the setting to select
> the search order for boot devices after post. If you were installing
> linux, it may be safe for me to assume that your bios WAS set for
> booting off of the Linux install CD. Maybe that was the default. Maybe
> you changeded it. Maybe I'm wrong. In any case, you must set it to
> search for a floppy BEFORE it searches for any other boot device.
>
> Make sure your bios is set to "know that it's supposed to have a
> floppy".
>
> So now, remember this: utilities which alter to the boot record, like
> linux's lilo, and windoz install, both "secretly" save any existing info
> before doing their "altering". So that means that if theres an issue
> i.e. a great big problem, you can issue a command to "back out" or undo
> the last change made to the Master Boot Record.
>
> So, you could boot the computer with the boot diskette you made, and
> issue this dos command at the a: prompt fdisk /mbr That will cause
> the dos fdisk program to "write back the prior master boot record".
>
> So don't panic, and think through each action before you do anything.
> The last thing you need to do is to destroy your windoz data by taking
> stabs in the dark.
>
> Keep us posted! vg
>
>
> Gary Basin
>>
>> Gary Basin
>> -Programming Monkey-
>> Go Monkey
------------------------------
From: "Xzera" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: X no like booting from HD, only from floppy
Date: Mon, 07 Aug 2000 21:29:05 -0600
What flavor of Linux do you have? Offhand, it could be you're getting some
parameters passed on by the hard drive LILO that are not present in the
floppy boot, or vice versa. Or the boot images (vmlinuz or zimage) could be different.
In article <8mnkd4$99d$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Peter Bismuti)
wrote:
>
>
>
>
> I can boot my Linux machine now from either the floppy or the hard disk,
> but when I boot from the hard disk something is wrong with the X server.
> The image flickers and when I kill it it goes crazy. There is an error
> message that is not readable except for the word "deleted" I believe.
>
> Anyone know what the problem is?
>
>
> Thanks
------------------------------
From: "aquafunk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Redhat 6.2 and Riva TNT?
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 02:34:21 GMT
Help I am trapped in the land of microsoft and I can't get out!
I have Redhat 6.2 installed right now as a triple boot with win98 and 2000.
Everything works great except I can't get into X. I have a Asus Riva TNT AGP
card 16meg. and it's just not happening. I tried the install with an ATI
Xpert98 AGP, no prob. But I need the newer card to do my work.
If anyone could help me with a web site or newsgroup with usefull info, I
would be eternally endebted.
Thanks in advance
Sean
------------------------------
From: John Hasler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc,gnu.misc.discuss
Subject: Re: FWD: Red Hat's CFO abandoning ship.
Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2000 01:07:30 GMT
blowfish writes:
> I said when the idea had became a tangible object/item. Then, that
> object, as based on the "once was only an idea" can then be owned.
> An idea before being materialised cannot really be owned. I have to agree
> on that.
If an idea cannot be owned, then embodying that idea into a tangible object
that you own cannot be theft no matter what you do with that object or how
you obtained the idea.
If an object embodying an idea can be owned, then converting objects that
you own into duplicates of such an object that you own cannot be theft, no
matter what you do with those objects.
--
John Hasler
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Dancing Horse Hill
Elmwood, Wisconsin
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Buschman)
Crossposted-To: alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.networking
Subject: Re: Trade Mandrake 7.1 for equivilant
Date: Tue, 08 Aug 2000 03:01:28 GMT
No what I meant was mandrake 7.1 for some other software, not
neccessarily linux software.
Buschman
On Mon, 07 Aug 2000 20:46:55 GMT, "zverushka" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>y do u need to trade linuxes, its like trading a penny for a penny, or is it
>just that yours has some crap with it?
>"Buschman" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
>news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
>>
>>
>> If anyone has a copy of mandrake 7.1 and is willing to trade please
>> e-mail me.
>>
>> Buschman
>
>
------------------------------
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