Save samples with deferred callchains in a separate list and deliver
them after merging the user callchains.  If users don't want to merge
they can set tool->merge_deferred_callchains to false to prevent the
behavior.

With previous result, now perf script will show the merged callchains.

  $ perf script
  ...
  pwd    2312   121.163435:     249113 cpu/cycles/P:
          ffffffff845b78d8 __build_id_parse.isra.0+0x218 ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff83bb5bf6 perf_event_mmap+0x2e6 ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff83c31959 mprotect_fixup+0x1e9 ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff83c31dc5 do_mprotect_pkey+0x2b5 ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff83c3206f __x64_sys_mprotect+0x1f ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff845e6692 do_syscall_64+0x62 ([kernel.kallsyms])
          ffffffff8360012f entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76 
([kernel.kallsyms])
              7f18fe337fa7 mprotect+0x7 
(/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2)
              7f18fe330e0f _dl_sysdep_start+0x7f 
(/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2)
              7f18fe331448 _dl_start_user+0x0 
(/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2)
  ...

The old output can be get using --no-merge-callchain option.
Also perf report can get the user callchain entry at the end.

  $ perf report --no-children --stdio -q -S __build_id_parse.isra.0
  # symbol: __build_id_parse.isra.0
       8.40%  pwd      [kernel.kallsyms]
              |
              ---__build_id_parse.isra.0
                 perf_event_mmap
                 mprotect_fixup
                 do_mprotect_pkey
                 __x64_sys_mprotect
                 do_syscall_64
                 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe
                 mprotect
                 _dl_sysdep_start
                 _dl_start_user

Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <[email protected]>
---
 tools/perf/Documentation/perf-script.txt |  5 ++
 tools/perf/builtin-inject.c              |  1 +
 tools/perf/builtin-report.c              |  1 +
 tools/perf/builtin-script.c              |  5 +-
 tools/perf/util/callchain.c              | 29 ++++++++++
 tools/perf/util/callchain.h              |  3 ++
 tools/perf/util/evlist.c                 |  1 +
 tools/perf/util/evlist.h                 |  2 +
 tools/perf/util/session.c                | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++-
 tools/perf/util/tool.c                   |  1 +
 tools/perf/util/tool.h                   |  1 +
 11 files changed, 114 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-script.txt 
b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-script.txt
index 28bec7e78bc858ba..03d1129606328d6d 100644
--- a/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-script.txt
+++ b/tools/perf/Documentation/perf-script.txt
@@ -527,6 +527,11 @@ include::itrace.txt[]
        The known limitations include exception handing such as
        setjmp/longjmp will have calls/returns not match.
 
+--merge-callchains::
+       Enable merging deferred user callchains if available.  This is the
+       default behavior.  If you want to see separate CALLCHAIN_DEFERRED
+       records for some reason, use --no-merge-callchains explicitly.
+
 :GMEXAMPLECMD: script
 :GMEXAMPLESUBCMD:
 include::guest-files.txt[]
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-inject.c b/tools/perf/builtin-inject.c
index 044074080aa53abd..30ae38212f57580a 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-inject.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-inject.c
@@ -2542,6 +2542,7 @@ int cmd_inject(int argc, const char **argv)
        inject.tool.auxtrace            = perf_event__repipe_auxtrace;
        inject.tool.bpf_metadata        = perf_event__repipe_op2_synth;
        inject.tool.dont_split_sample_group = true;
+       inject.tool.merge_deferred_callchains = false;
        inject.session = __perf_session__new(&data, &inject.tool,
                                             
/*trace_event_repipe=*/inject.output.is_pipe,
                                             /*host_env=*/NULL);
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-report.c b/tools/perf/builtin-report.c
index 2bc269f5fcef8023..add6b1c2aaf04270 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-report.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-report.c
@@ -1614,6 +1614,7 @@ int cmd_report(int argc, const char **argv)
        report.tool.event_update         = perf_event__process_event_update;
        report.tool.feature              = process_feature_event;
        report.tool.ordering_requires_timestamps = true;
+       report.tool.merge_deferred_callchains = !dump_trace;
 
        session = perf_session__new(&data, &report.tool);
        if (IS_ERR(session)) {
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-script.c b/tools/perf/builtin-script.c
index 3b2896350bad2924..2374c7a1684028cc 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-script.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-script.c
@@ -4025,6 +4025,7 @@ int cmd_script(int argc, const char **argv)
        bool header_only = false;
        bool script_started = false;
        bool unsorted_dump = false;
+       bool merge_deferred_callchains = true;
        char *rec_script_path = NULL;
        char *rep_script_path = NULL;
        struct perf_session *session;
@@ -4178,6 +4179,8 @@ int cmd_script(int argc, const char **argv)
                    "Guest code can be found in hypervisor process"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "stitch-lbr", &script.stitch_lbr,
                    "Enable LBR callgraph stitching approach"),
+       OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "merge-callchains", &merge_deferred_callchains,
+                   "Enable merge deferred user callchains"),
        OPTS_EVSWITCH(&script.evswitch),
        OPT_END()
        };
@@ -4434,7 +4437,7 @@ int cmd_script(int argc, const char **argv)
        script.tool.throttle             = process_throttle_event;
        script.tool.unthrottle           = process_throttle_event;
        script.tool.ordering_requires_timestamps = true;
-       script.tool.merge_deferred_callchains = false;
+       script.tool.merge_deferred_callchains = merge_deferred_callchains;
        session = perf_session__new(&data, &script.tool);
        if (IS_ERR(session))
                return PTR_ERR(session);
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/callchain.c b/tools/perf/util/callchain.c
index d7b7eef740b9d6ed..a0a0e6784420d478 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/callchain.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/callchain.c
@@ -1828,3 +1828,32 @@ int sample__for_each_callchain_node(struct thread 
*thread, struct evsel *evsel,
        }
        return 0;
 }
+
+int sample__merge_deferred_callchain(struct perf_sample *sample_orig,
+                                    struct perf_sample *sample_callchain)
+{
+       u64 nr_orig = sample_orig->callchain->nr - 1;
+       u64 nr_deferred = sample_callchain->callchain->nr;
+       struct ip_callchain *callchain;
+
+       if (sample_orig->callchain->nr < 2) {
+               sample_orig->deferred_callchain = false;
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       callchain = calloc(1 + nr_orig + nr_deferred, sizeof(u64));
+       if (callchain == NULL) {
+               sample_orig->deferred_callchain = false;
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+
+       callchain->nr = nr_orig + nr_deferred;
+       /* copy original including PERF_CONTEXT_USER_DEFERRED (but the cookie) 
*/
+       memcpy(callchain->ips, sample_orig->callchain->ips, nr_orig * 
sizeof(u64));
+       /* copy deferred user callchains */
+       memcpy(&callchain->ips[nr_orig], sample_callchain->callchain->ips,
+              nr_deferred * sizeof(u64));
+
+       sample_orig->callchain = callchain;
+       return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/callchain.h b/tools/perf/util/callchain.h
index 86ed9e4d04f9ee7b..89785125ed25783d 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/callchain.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/callchain.h
@@ -317,4 +317,7 @@ int sample__for_each_callchain_node(struct thread *thread, 
struct evsel *evsel,
                                    struct perf_sample *sample, int max_stack,
                                    bool symbols, callchain_iter_fn cb, void 
*data);
 
+int sample__merge_deferred_callchain(struct perf_sample *sample_orig,
+                                    struct perf_sample *sample_callchain);
+
 #endif /* __PERF_CALLCHAIN_H */
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/evlist.c b/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
index e8217efdda5323c6..03674d2cbd015e4f 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ void evlist__init(struct evlist *evlist, struct perf_cpu_map 
*cpus,
        evlist->ctl_fd.pos = -1;
        evlist->nr_br_cntr = -1;
        metricgroup__rblist_init(&evlist->metric_events);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&evlist->deferred_samples);
 }
 
 struct evlist *evlist__new(void)
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/evlist.h b/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
index 5e71e3dc60423079..911834ae7c2a6f76 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ struct evlist {
         * of struct metric_expr.
         */
        struct rblist   metric_events;
+       /* samples with deferred_callchain would wait here. */
+       struct list_head deferred_samples;
 };
 
 struct evsel_str_handler {
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/session.c b/tools/perf/util/session.c
index 361e15c1f26a96d0..2e777fd1bcf6707b 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/session.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/session.c
@@ -1285,6 +1285,60 @@ static int evlist__deliver_sample(struct evlist *evlist, 
const struct perf_tool
                                            per_thread);
 }
 
+struct deferred_event {
+       struct list_head list;
+       union perf_event *event;
+};
+
+static int evlist__deliver_deferred_samples(struct evlist *evlist,
+                                           const struct perf_tool *tool,
+                                           union  perf_event *event,
+                                           struct perf_sample *sample,
+                                           struct machine *machine)
+{
+       struct deferred_event *de, *tmp;
+       struct evsel *evsel;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (!tool->merge_deferred_callchains) {
+               evsel = evlist__id2evsel(evlist, sample->id);
+               return tool->callchain_deferred(tool, event, sample,
+                                               evsel, machine);
+       }
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(de, tmp, &evlist->deferred_samples, list) {
+               struct perf_sample orig_sample;
+
+               ret = evlist__parse_sample(evlist, de->event, &orig_sample);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       pr_err("failed to parse original sample\n");
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (sample->tid != orig_sample.tid)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (event->callchain_deferred.cookie == 
orig_sample.deferred_cookie)
+                       sample__merge_deferred_callchain(&orig_sample, sample);
+               else
+                       orig_sample.deferred_callchain = false;
+
+               evsel = evlist__id2evsel(evlist, orig_sample.id);
+               ret = evlist__deliver_sample(evlist, tool, de->event,
+                                            &orig_sample, evsel, machine);
+
+               if (orig_sample.deferred_callchain)
+                       free(orig_sample.callchain);
+
+               list_del(&de->list);
+               free(de);
+
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
 static int machines__deliver_event(struct machines *machines,
                                   struct evlist *evlist,
                                   union perf_event *event,
@@ -1313,6 +1367,16 @@ static int machines__deliver_event(struct machines 
*machines,
                        return 0;
                }
                dump_sample(evsel, event, sample, perf_env__arch(machine->env));
+               if (sample->deferred_callchain && 
tool->merge_deferred_callchains) {
+                       struct deferred_event *de = malloc(sizeof(*de));
+
+                       if (de == NULL)
+                               return -ENOMEM;
+
+                       de->event = event;
+                       list_add_tail(&de->list, &evlist->deferred_samples);
+                       return 0;
+               }
                return evlist__deliver_sample(evlist, tool, event, sample, 
evsel, machine);
        case PERF_RECORD_MMAP:
                return tool->mmap(tool, event, sample, machine);
@@ -1372,7 +1436,8 @@ static int machines__deliver_event(struct machines 
*machines,
                return tool->aux_output_hw_id(tool, event, sample, machine);
        case PERF_RECORD_CALLCHAIN_DEFERRED:
                dump_deferred_callchain(evsel, event, sample);
-               return tool->callchain_deferred(tool, event, sample, evsel, 
machine);
+               return evlist__deliver_deferred_samples(evlist, tool, event,
+                                                       sample, machine);
        default:
                ++evlist->stats.nr_unknown_events;
                return -1;
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/tool.c b/tools/perf/util/tool.c
index f732d33e7f895ed4..c5d3b464b2a433b3 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/tool.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/tool.c
@@ -266,6 +266,7 @@ void perf_tool__init(struct perf_tool *tool, bool 
ordered_events)
        tool->cgroup_events = false;
        tool->no_warn = false;
        tool->show_feat_hdr = SHOW_FEAT_NO_HEADER;
+       tool->merge_deferred_callchains = true;
 
        tool->sample = process_event_sample_stub;
        tool->mmap = process_event_stub;
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/tool.h b/tools/perf/util/tool.h
index 9b9f0a8cbf3de4b5..e96b69d25a5b737d 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/tool.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/tool.h
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ struct perf_tool {
        bool            cgroup_events;
        bool            no_warn;
        bool            dont_split_sample_group;
+       bool            merge_deferred_callchains;
        enum show_feature_header show_feat_hdr;
 };
 
-- 
2.52.0.rc1.455.g30608eb744-goog


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