Hi Scott,

Yeah, I’m afraid Apple pull a lot of crap when it comes to supporting carriers 
and GSM.  You’ve got to pay to get Apple to recognise you as a carrier and 
provision the carrier settings, which Apple signs.  These include the logos, 
roaming partners, voicemail, and all that stuff.  Those settings are pretty 
important, because they control all the essential parameters.  Worse yet, as I 
discovered, it sucks to be a VNO if Apple has an exclusivity deal with your 
parent.  My provider, Giffgaff, runs on O2, and O2 wants you on contract for 
tethering.  So for a long while, you couldn’t tether if you had a perfectly 
legitimate giffgaff SIM, with the account provisioned for a data-limited and 
tethering-permitting plan.  And even for generic GSM support, Apple 
deliberately limits the frequencies in use, so no LTE.  From my reading and 
writing on this my understanding is that it’s a very similar story with other 
VNOs and otherwise unrecognised carriers in other parts of Europe.  It’s all 
pretty shameless.  About the only thing I can see as beneficial here is that 
the users need not get all confused, but mostly I think it’s just a way to 
lumber the rest of the world with an obsolete business model.  Here’s to hoping 
that Apple can do without the carriers real soon now, and then (I’m less sure 
this will happen, but one can dream) the need for carrier restrictions in 
software.  For the fact is that if you buy an unlocked phone, it should be 
unlocked.  Nobody has gone to court over it yet, but it’s pretty hard not to 
see that there’s some fixing going on IMO.  The best part is that some Apple 
sycophants object to Apple’s being caught up in the blame like this, saying 
that it’s all those horrible carriers’ faults.  It’s delicious.

Here’s Apple’s official listing of restrictions:
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204039

On the universal network angle, I think it’s just a matter of deployment.  
Imagine if some universal mesh-network routing protocol became ubiquitous, and 
everyone had it in their operating systems and wireless chipsets.  Sure, it 
wouldn’t be hands-on, but everybody would have it, and every device could take 
advantage of it.  Perhaps we could call it the SubEthaNet? :)

I built my radio from a kit when I was a kid.  But it was still a fascinating 
and illuminating experience.  The problem then, as now, is that radio is still 
a much more controlled broadcast experience than the Internet is, as you 
yourself observed.

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