A brief thought on this . . . . When people of my generation told the lords
of our profession that we wanted to go into labor history, we were
regularly told that what we proposed could not be done.  History, the
old-timers would say, required two written sources to prove that something
had happened.  Like two witnesses in a court of a law, get it?  (For the
present, I'm going to set aside the problems with written sources . .  . .)

The  legitimacy of sources should be understood in terms of the sources
your subject is likely to generate and be preserved. Obviously, the further
down the social pyramid one ventures--the more marginal your subjects to
the concerns of the dominant classes--the slimmer the documentary record is
going to be.  Also the further back in time you go or the less settled and
developed the society you're examining.  (Maybe we have to get an
understanding of the big picture based on archaeological or genetic
evidence.) Or if you're looking into something for which the dominant
institutions didn't want to leave a clear documentary record.

And, yes, the whole thing always remains open to reconsideration if more
information crops up.

Considering this, it's obvious that you're not going to find much if you're
looking at the underclass of a conquered population of the Roman Empire two
thousand years ago.  Or what becomes a mass following disproportionately
consisting of slaves, women and plebs generally. Maybe you're going to be
left with songs and stories and never able to produce Simon Peter's
Blockbuster video rental card.

That doesn't mean that it's all a fluffy hallucination.

Cheers,
Mark L.

PS: Like Mike, I remember finding Kautsky's ruminations very interesting.l


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