Unfortunately there aren't any original IN-14 sockets. But there are good 
news: you can easily buy IN-14 to 2,54mm adapter from OSH park. I don't 
know if there is any existing project like this, but for me it is really 
short work and I could make gerber files for such PCB*. OSH makes three 
PCBs in one order, so you'd have to buy exactly 2 sets. PCBs would be dirt 
cheap - probably about 5$ for all 6 PCBs. So if you won't find them in OSH 
park database, just e-mail me.
I don't have any experience with Raspberry PI, but looking at its price I 
suggest considering any microcontroller family - in a Nixie Clock project 
you need mostly I/Os and timekeeping accuracy. Unless you are going for IoT 
project, RPI is going to be expensive and most of its calculating power 
won't be ever used.
There are possibilites to extend I/Os by I2C bus, for example with MCP23008 
(http://embedded-lab.com/blog/expanding-the-number-of-io-lines-using-microchip-mcp23008/).
 
You could use four of them, three controlling two 74141 drivers and one 
controlling 6x optoisolators (TLP627)**. This way you would be able to do 
ALL nixie controlling via I2c, but it would require many chips, fortunately 
all avaible in DIP packages. I have never personally used any I/O expander, 
so all what I wrote is a concept, not a tested idea.
If all of your sensors and RTC module (if you are planning to use 4 tubes 
as a clock, too) use I2C, then you could end up with a project using only 
those I/Os of your RPI :) I personally prefer using as many I/Os as I can.
If you want RGB lightning, I'm sure there are I2C chips capable of 
controlling them by current sinking. 
To change brightness of nixies you should "PWM" them. This is the best 
method of dimming nixies - changing HV supply voltage will eventually lead 
to undercurrenting tubes, and in that state they do not light a full digit. 
It is easiest to apply when multiplexing the display, as you need some dead 
time to avoid ghosting - so to change brightness you just make the dead 
time longer.
For a power supply I would recommend some dual voltage wall wart - 3A for 
RPI + 12,5mA x6 for 74141s + other modules... you will quickly require high 
current on 5V line, and to get HV from a switching supply, you will require 
at least 9V (12V preferably). If you won't find a 5V4A + 12V1A wall wart, 
then you probably have to either get a transformer and wire it to your 
liking or make a two-stage boost converter to make 180V out of 5V***.
I recommend making a HV PSU basing on NE555 with 12V supply - I made my 
unit for nixie testing and it was tested for 200V 40mA, reaching 83% 
efficiency (could be better if I used bigger resistors for feedback). 

*in fact, I already made such adapter a week ago as a part of bigger board, 
which had some unused space, but I deleted it and made a LC-531 adapter, 
because I lost an auction for IN-14s.
**all my 74141 which I tested didn't allow to turn a nixie off by sending a 
value bigger than 9 to it, there was a slight glow around all digits. So to 
be 100% sure that a nixie is turned off, you might use either a transistor 
anode switch or use a transoptor (optoisolator).
***there are possiblities to get 200V out of 5V, but they aren't easy or 
they provide little current - first one is a switching PSU with a pulse 
transformer, the other one is making a boost converter to ~60V and use a 
series of voltage doublers. I find the second one a viable choice only if 
you want to make a multiplexed clock powered from USB.

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