>From The Times

July 29, 2008

Recep Tayyip Erdogan makes unity plea after Istanbul bombings

Suna Erdem in Istanbul 

Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish Prime Minister, prayed with thousands of
mourners yesterday at the funeral of victims of Sunday’s bomb attack in
Istanbul. He called for a united response to the threat of terror and
dismissed concerns over the possibility of his ruling party being closed
down by a court ruling. 

“Today is a day for unity and togetherness. The more support we can give
each other and the more we can give terrorism the cold shoulder, the more
successful we will be as a nation,” said a sombre Mr Erdogan. 

He was speaking after carrying a flag-draped coffin and embracing mourners
at a mosque in the Gungoren district of Istanbul. The funeral was held for
10 of the 17 victims killed there on Sunday night. More than 150 people were
injured. 

Turkey was shocked by the ferocity of the double bombing, which came at a
time of political turmoil. On Friday charges were brought against 86 alleged
ultra-nationalists for an anti-Government campaign of murder, terror and
civil unrest. 

Yesterday the country’s Constitutional Court began deliberating a
controversial case to shut down Mr Erdogan’s Justice and Development Party
(AK) over accusations of pro-Islamic activities. 

Nobody has claimed responsibility for Sunday’s attack — a small bomb
apparently designed to lure a crowd, followed by a larger one intended to
cause maximum casualties. Initial reports pointed to the secessionist
Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), but the group, which usually hits rural
military targets, has denied responsibility and condemned the attackers. 

Mr Erdogan angrily denied rumours that he had cancelled a nearby appointment
due two hours before the explosions. Because of the timing of the bombings
there is speculation that the Ergenekon group was involved. It is a shadowy
ultra-nationalist entity which, according to Friday’s charge sheet, is
active within the security forces, the judiciary, business, politics and
media. 

“The atmosphere in Turkey is very tense,” said Deniz Ulke Aribogan, rector
of Bahcesehir University. “The PKK could have done this . . . but to be
honest it does not fit in with the PKK’s general strategy. This could even
turn out to have links with Ergenekon.” 

The court case against the ruling party and the Ergenekon investigation go
to the heart of the struggle between Turkey’s secularist elite — which
includes the judiciary, the politically powerful military and the
bureaucracy — and the Government of Mr Erdogan, a political Islamist turned
EU advocate whose supporters range from devout Muslims to free-market
liberals and socialists. 

Critics of the court case against the AK party say that it is more of a
power struggle between Turkey’s Establishment and the new guard rather than
a classic secularist-Islamist showdown. They argue that the decision by the
constitutional court, expected within days, will determine whether Turkish
democracy has matured after decades of party closures, military coups and
assassinations. 

“The closure case is indefensible both in terms of democracy and the law,”
said Hasan Cemal, a veteran liberal commentator who writes for the
mainstream Milliyet newspaper. “We can only hope that the High Court is
aware of this and will reach a historic decision that could be the turning
point of Turkish democracy.” 

Seven of the 11 members of the court, seen as a bastion of Turkey’s
secularist Establishment, must vote in favour for AK to be closed. 

They could also ban Mr Erdogan, President Gül and 69 other AK members from
party politics for five years. 

If the party is banned, its rump could re-form under another name and the
banned members could run as independents. In theory a legal loophole would
allow Mr Erdogan to win a seat as an independent and continue to control the
Government. 

But while the damage could be minimal for AK — which believes that it will
still be the biggest party, particularly if it appeals for the sympathy vote
— an outright ban could jeopardise Turkey’s newly resurgent economy, its
strong ties with the West, its European Union membership talks and its
recent role as Middle East mediator. 

Party insiders expect a compromise verdict — which would keep AK open but
deprive it of Treasury funding. This would amount to a slap on the wrist for
the Government. 

The evidence against AK in the 161-case indictment has been derided as
flimsy, and is based largely on reported comments and a parliamentary vote
to loosen restrictions on university education for women wearing the Muslim
headscarf. That vote — also supported by a nationalist party that has
escaped censure — has been overturned by the Constitutional Court. 

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d=68009/stime=1217378852/nc1=3848627/nc2=3848641/nc3=5202321> 
 


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