>I do use CD-R for bulk generally non-critical data such as image or audio 
>files, but I do ensure that for best integrity I accrue a full CD worth of 
>files before I write and close the disc in a single session. If I feel the 
>files deserve more security I write a second copy of the data on a different 
>brand of media just to be sure :-)

I use both Zip disks and CDR for backup, further backed up by paper <g>.

The Zips get used for things that change on a day-to-day basis such as 
email files and Internet Explorer files. I back these up about once a 
week and <touches wood> have never had a problem with any drive (we have 
three) or disk. I did notice once that when I was transferring some files 
from one computer to another that one file  (a jpeg) had become 
corrupted, but as a test, I reformatted the Zip, copied again and it was 
fine. The Zips also get used as a little network. My printer is set up 
with a desktop Mac, so if I want to print something from the PowerBook, 
it goes across via Zip. One or two Zips get used several times a day, and 
aside from the above, it's always worked. These Zip disks are over two 
years old, and form a longevity test.

The MacAds web site gets a full backup onto Zip after each change, which 
is usually twice a week, as well as put onto CD twice a year (more later).

For photographs stored digitally, I keep a folder that acts as a 'waiting 
area' for pictures that have been scanned and optimised (and sometimes 
printed). When this fills up to a certain level, the oldest go onto a CDR 
in one go, one session. When the CDR is completed, it immediately gets 
tested by opening the files, making sure the pics open okay. I store each 
pic in native Photoshop format, seeing no reason to store compressed 
images given that CDRs are so cheap. After each such session, the 
original files on the Mac are deleted.

It is my intention to re-copy each CD as it approaches 5 years of age, 
keeping all copies.

I thought about getting a larger drive on the desktop, but it didn't 
strike me as a high priority. Also, I've got it working so well with the 
current drive, the OS, the whole shebang is very stable and I have maybe 
two crashes a year, and it's ALWAYS due to IE5 and a web session! (Blue 
and White G3 400, 512Mb/6Gb)

All important info, especially passwords, are recorded in a small 
hardback notebook. This is probably the most invaluable of all. Ever log 
onto a website and can't remember the password? Every day with me. That 
little notebook shuffles in and out of its place on the shelf next to me 
more than I would ever have thought. Also in there are all the silly 
little settings and values for things like ISP diallup info, connection 
info, TCP/IP info, helplines, etc etc. I saw a colleague do it some years 
ago, and I remarked how simple and straightforward it was.

Finally, about twice a year, the whole hard drive gets backed up onto 
CDRs. This includes a stripped down version so that with one single CD, I 
can get a freshly reformatted hard drive up and running (say in the event 
of a catastrophic crash, or a new drive) with all my bits and bobs 
appearing just how I like them, and relevant applications on call. [For 
those on PC and who may not know, Macs are heavily customisable, and no 
two are identical in terms of how they appear and work to the user. Some 
are so heavily customised that sitting in front of one, it might take a 
minute or two to find my way around!] If necessary, I could travel around 
the world with a CD and two Zips, borrow a Mac, and carry on with MacAds 
as if nothing had happened.

Regarding the integrity or not of various back-up methods, I think the 
only serious criteria for informing an individual's decision on what to 
use tend to be personal experience and recommendation. I had heard a lot 
about Zips and the 'clicks of death', but having used 4 different Zip 
drives and dozens of disks since 1998, I have never come across it. The 
point is, if it works, I suppose one keeps using it until it doesn't, 
then one does some more research and either carries on with the same 
method, or changes to another. Personally I have never been bothered by 
the seeming volatility of the various ways of storing data digitally, but 
then again, what do I know? I'm just a user <g>.

HTH

Cotty

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