yah maklum lah, bahasa inggrisnya di ijazah dapet 9 katanya.
kebayang gurunya gobloknya kayak apa.
lol.

--- In [email protected], "suryana" <gsuryana@...> wrote:
>
> Dasar dodol, baca yg dibawah dianggap semua karesten.
> Coba artikan makna " including many Christians "
> 
> ""Christians remained in a precarious position and under threat throughout 
> the
> Middle East. When the Seljuk Turks swept into Jerusalem in 1077 they
> murdered over three thousand people, including many Christians. It was at
> this point that the Christian Emperor of Byzantium, Alexius I, appealed for
> help to the Western churches. """
> 
> Eniwe nih pendeta koq bisa nyasar ke kampung petar ?, mau kawin dengan setan 
> meraja lela yah.
> 
> sur.
> 
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Stanley Sethiadi" <ssethiadi@...>
> To: <[email protected]>
> Sent: Monday, October 03, 2011 7:24 PM
> Subject: [proletar] Sebelum perang salib.
> 
> 
> > Saya forward seluruh tulisan deh. Lebih dari 3000 orang dibunuh a.l. 
> > banyak
> > orang Kristen.
> >
> >
> >
> > Salam. Stanley.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
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> >
> > THE CRUSADES AND JIHAD
> >
> >
> >
> > Back in 1999 while our mission was being bombed by the National Islamic
> > Front government in Sudan, fellow missionaries were organising
> > "Reconciliation Walks" to the Middle East to apologise for "The Crusades".
> > At the time, as our church services were under aerial and artillery
> > bombardment by Jihadists, it seemed rather bizarre. Therefore I undertook 
> > a
> > study of the crusades and Jihad.
> >
> > Anin Maalouf in "The Crusades through Arab eyes" claims that the Crusaders
> > conquest of Jerusalem in 1099 was "The starting point of a millennial
> > hostility between Islam and the West." Islamic scholar John Esposito 
> > blames
> > the Crusades for disrupting "Five centuries of peaceful coexistence 
> > elapsed
> > before political events and an imperial papal power-play led to a 
> > centuries
> > long series of so called Holy Wars that pitted Christendom against Islam 
> > and
> > left an enduring legacy of misunderstanding and distrust." ("Islam: The
> > Straight Path" OUP).
> >
> > What Preceeded The Crusades?
> >
> > However the Crusades only started after five centuries of Islamic Jihad 
> > had
> > conquered and annihilated, or forcibly converted, over two thirds of what
> > had formerly been the Christian world. Shortly after the Islamic conquest 
> > of
> > Jerusalem, in 638, Christian pilgrims were harassed, massacred, and early 
> > in
> > the 8th Century, 60 Christian pilgrims from Amoriem were crucified.
> >
> > The Muslim governor of Caesarea seized a group of pilgrims from Iconium 
> > and
> > had them all executed. Muslims extorted ransom money from Pilgrims, and
> > threatened to ransack the most holy churches in Christendom such as the
> > Church of the Resurrection - if they didn't pay exorbitant taxes. In the 
> > 8th
> > Century a Muslim ruler banned all displays of the Cross in Jerusalem. He
> > also increased the penalty tax (Jizya) and forbad Christians to engage in
> > any religious instruction, even of their own children! In 772, the Calipha
> > al Mansur ordered the hands of all Christians and Jews in Jerusalem to be
> > branded.
> >
> > In 789, Muslims beheaded a monk in Bethlehem, plundering the monastery and
> > slaughtering many more Christians. In 923, a new wave of destruction of
> > churches was launched by the Muslim rulers. In 937, Muslims went on a
> > rampage in Jerusalem on Palm Sunday plundering and destroying the Church 
> > of
> > Calvary and the Church of the Resurrection.
> >
> > In 1004 the Fatimid Calipha Abu Ali al-Mansur al-Hakim unleashed a violent
> > wave of church burning and destruction, confiscation of Christian 
> > property,
> > and ferocious slaughter of both Christians and Jews. Over the next ten
> > years, thirty thousand churches were destroyed and vast numbers of 
> > Believers
> > were forcibly converted or killed.
> >
> > In 1009, Al-Hakim ordered that the most holy churches in Christendom - the
> > Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Church of the Resurrection in 
> > Jerusalem
> > - be destroyed. He heaped humiliating and burdensome decrees upon 
> > Christians
> > and Jews forcing Christians to wear heavy crosses around their necks, and
> > Jews to have blocks of wood in the shape of a calf around their necks.
> > Ultimately, he ordered Christians and Jews to either accept Islam or flee
> > his areas of control.
> >
> > Christians remained in a precarious position and under threat throughout 
> > the
> > Middle East. When the Seljuk Turks swept into Jerusalem in 1077 they
> > murdered over three thousand people, including many Christians. It was at
> > this point that the Christian Emperor of Byzantium, Alexius I, appealed 
> > for
> > help to the Western churches.
> >
> > Pope Urban II challenged the knights of Europe at the Council of Clermont 
> > in
> > 1095: "The Turks and Arabs have attacked our brethren in the East and have
> > conquered the territory of Romania (the Greek Empire) as far as the shore 
> > of
> > the Mediterranean and the Hellespont.have occupied more and more of the
> > lands of those Christians and have overcome them in seven battles. They 
> > have
> > killed and captured many and have destroyed the churches and devastated 
> > the
> > Empire. If you continue to permit them to continue thus for a while with
> > impunity, the faithful of God will be much more widely attacked by them. 
> > On
> > this account I.persuade all people of whatever rank, foot soldiers and
> > knights, poor and rich, to carry aid promptly to those Christians."
> >
> > Nowhere was the call for the launch of the Crusades talking about either
> > conquest or conversion, they were merely to remove the Islamic invaders 
> > from
> > the lands that had previously been Christian, to restore religious freedom
> > to the Holy Lands.
> >
> > Myths And Misconceptions
> >
> > The politically correct dogma that the Crusades were unprovoked, 
> > imperialist
> > actions against the peaceful, indigenous Muslim population is simply not
> > accurate. Such propaganda reflects a hostility for Western civilization, 
> > and
> > often against Christianity itself, rather than any actual historical
> > research.
> >
> > Similarly, the characterization of the Crusaders as greedy for loot, only
> > out for personal gain, is simply out of touch with reality. Those who
> > participated in the Crusades saw it as an act of sacrifice rather than of
> > profit. The Crusades were in fact prohibitivly expensive. Many Crusaders 
> > had
> > to sell their property to raise money for the long journey to the Holy 
> > Land
> > and knew that their chances of returning alive were slight. Most who did
> > manage to survive and return came back with nothing material to show for
> > their efforts.
> >
> > Similarly the modern PC myth that the Crusaders attempted to forcibly
> > convert Muslims to Christianity is a politically motivated fantasy. Search
> > as one might through the writings and records of the Crusaders, one will 
> > not
> > find any mention of Crusaders seeking to convert the Sarracens or the 
> > Turks.
> > The Crusaders saw themselves as Pilgrims seeking to recapture and liberate
> > Christian lands from vicious invaders.
> >
> > Even Maalouf in The Crusades Through Arab Eyes, reports the observations 
> > of
> > Spanish Muslim Ibn Jubayr who traversed the Mediterranean on his way to
> > Mecca in the early 1180's and found that the Muslims were far better off 
> > in
> > those lands controlled by the Crusaders than they were in Muslim ruled
> > lands. And that Muslims preferred to live in the Crusader realms as those
> > lands were more orderly and better managed.
> >
> > Ibn Jubayr wrote: "Whose lands were efficiently cultivated. The 
> > inhabitants
> > were all Muslims. They live in comfort with the Franks - may God preserve
> > them from temptation! Their dwellings belong to them and all their 
> > property
> > is unmolested. All their regions, patrolled by the Crusaders in Syria are
> > subject to the same system: The land that remains, the villages and farms,
> > have remained in the hands of the Muslims. Now, doubt invests the hearts 
> > of
> > a great number of these men when they compare their lot to that of their
> > brothers living in Muslim territories. Indeed, the latter suffer from the
> > injustices of their co-religionists, whereas the Franks act with equity."
> >
> > The Crusades have often been portrayed as European Colonialism, but the
> > Crusader states were not ruled from Western Europe. The governments they
> > established did not answer to any Western power. Nor did the Crusader 
> > rulers
> > siphon off the wealth of their lands and send it back to Europe. No 
> > streams
> > of settlers came from Europe to settle in these states, which were
> > established only in order to provide permanent protection for Christians 
> > in
> > the Holy Land.
> >
> > The Merciful Saladin
> >
> > The presentation of Muslim commanders such as Saladin as merciful and
> > magnanimous is a myth. When Saladin captured the Crusaders at Hattim on 4
> > July 1187, he ordered the mass execution of all the Christians: "They 
> > should
> > be beheaded in accordance with Quran 47:4 'When you meet the unbelievers 
> > on
> > the battlefield, strike their necks'" Saladin's secretary Imad reported,
> > "With him were a whole band of scholars and Sufis and a certain number of
> > devout men and aesthetics; each begged to be allowed to kill one of them 
> > and
> > drew their swords and rolled back their sleeves. Saladin, his face joyful,
> > was sitting on his dais; the unbelievers showed black despair."
> >
> > In 1148, the Muslim Commander Nur ed-Din ordered the slaughter of every
> > Christian in Aleppo.
> >
> > In 1268, when Mamluk Sultan Baybars seized Antioch, he ensured that all 
> > the
> > men were slaughtered, the women sold into slavery, the crosses in every
> > church smashed, the Bibles torn and burned, the graves of Christians
> > desecrated, every monk, priest and deacon was dragged to the altar and had
> > their throats slit where a mass had previously been celebrated, the Church
> > of Saint Paul and the Cathedral of Saint Peter were destroyed and the 
> > bodies
> > of the Christians burned.
> >
> > When on 29 May 1453, the greatest city in the world of that time,
> > Constantinople, was conquered by the Jihadists, the Muslims "slew everyone
> > that they met in the streets, men, women and children without
> > discrimination. The blood ran in rivers down the steep streets from the
> > heights of Petra toward the golden horn". The Muslim soldiers even entered
> > the Hagia Sophia, and slaughtered thousands of Christians worshipping in
> > what was then the largest church in the world at that time.
> >
> > What Did The Crusades Achieve?
> >
> > The Crusades bought Europe time. From the first century of Islam Muslim
> > armies were invading Europe. Spain suffered under Islamic occupation for 8
> > centuries. In the 14th Century, Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia, Macedonia, 
> > Albania
> > and Croatia fell to Muslim invasions.
> >
> > In 1426 the Egyptian Mukluks conquered Cyprus. In 1395 the Muslims 
> > conquered
> > Nicopolis on the Danube River. In 1444 the Muslim armies seized Varna in
> > Hungary. In 1456 the Turks besieged Belgrade, and even tried to conquer
> > Rome, but were thrown back. The Muslims first attempted to seize Vienna in
> > 1529. As late as 11 September 1683 Muslim armies besieged Vienna, but were
> > routed by 30 000 Polish Hussars (cavalrymen) led by Poland's King Jan III
> > Sobieski.
> >
> > Were The Crusades A Failure?
> >
> > The constant depiction of the Crusades as a failure is not justified by 
> > the
> > historical record. The Crusades succeeded in seizing the initiative,
> > throwing the Muslim invaders onto the defensive, for the first time after
> > five centuries of attack. The Crusaders bought Europe time - centuries in
> > fact.
> >
> > At a critical time, the Crusades united a divided Europe, and threw the
> > Muslim invaders back, bringing a peace and security to Europe that had not
> > been known for centuries. As a result of the tremendous sacrifices of the
> > Crusaders, Christian Europe experienced Spiritual Revival and Biblical
> > Reformation which inspired a great resurgence of learning, scientific
> > experimentation, technological advancement, and movements that led to
> > greater prosperity and freedoms than had ever been known in all of 
> > history.
> >
> > For a picture of what Europe might be like today had Islam succeeded in
> > conquering it, one can look at the previously Christian civilisations of
> > Egypt and what is today called Turkey. The Copts in Egypt now make up just
> > 10% of the total Egyptian population, and are severely oppressed. What is
> > today called Turkey was once the vibrant Christian Byzantine Empire, the
> > economic and military superpower of its day. Today the Christian
> > civilization which had flourished there for a thousand years has all but
> > been extinguished. The last Christian city in Asia, Smyrna, was massacred 
> > by
> > the Turkish Army in 1922.
> >
> > The classic Hollywood version of the Crusades as depicted in the $150
> > million Kingdom of Heaven epic was produced in consultation with groups 
> > such
> > as the Council on American - Islamic Relations.
> >
> > Professor Jonathan Riley-Smith, author of A Short History of The Crusades
> > described the film as "Rubbish!.it's not historically accurate at all.it
> > depicts the Muslims as sophisticated and civilized and the Crusaders are 
> > all
> > brutes and barbarians. It has nothing to do with reality."
> >
> > Without the Crusades it is questionable whether Europe or American would
> > even exist.
> >
> > The Crusades ended over 700 years ago. Islamic Jihad continues to this 
> > day.
> >
> > The popular misconceptions about the crusades are that these were 
> > aggressive
> > wars of expansion fought by religious fanatics in order to evict Muslims
> > from their homeland, and force conversions to Christianity. However the
> > historical record does not support those assertions.
> >
> >
> > A Reaction To Jihad
> >
> >
> > The crusaders were reacting to over four centuries of relentless Islamic
> > Jihad, which had wiped out over 50% of all the Christians in the world and
> > conquered over 60% of all the Christian lands on earth - before the 
> > crusades
> > even began . Many of the towns liberated by the crusaders were still over
> > 90% Christian when the crusaders arrived. The Middle East was the 
> > birthplace
> > of the Christian Church. It was the Christians who had been conquered and
> > oppressed by the Seljuk Turks. So many of the towns in the Middle East
> > welcomed the crusaders as liberators.
> >
> > Far from the crusaders being the aggressors, it was the Muslim armies 
> > which
> > had spread Islam from Saudi Arabia across the whole of Christian North
> > Africa into Spain and even France within the first century after the death
> > of Muhammad. Muslim armies sacked and slaughtered their way across some of
> > the greatest Christian cities in the world, including Alexandria, 
> > Carthage,
> > Antioch and Constantinople. These Muslim invaders destroyed over 3,200
> > Christian churches just in the first 100 years of Islam.
> >
> >
> > Defensive Wars
> >
> >
> > As Professor Thomas Madden in The Real History of the Crusades points out:
> > "The crusades to the East were in every way defensive wars. They were a
> > direct response to Muslim aggression - an attempt to turn back, or defend
> > against, Muslim conquests of Christian lands. Christians in the 11th 
> > Century
> > were not paranoid fanatics. Muslims really were gunning for them.Islam was
> > born in war and grew the same way. From the time of Muhammad, the means of
> > Muslim expansion was always by the sword.Christianity was the dominant
> > religion of power and wealth.The Christian world therefore was a prime
> > target for the earliest Caliphas and it would remain so for Muslim leaders
> > for the next thousand years.The crusades.were but a response to more than
> > four centuries of conquests in which Muslims had already captured over two
> > thirds of the Christian world." Without the Crusades it is questionable
> > whether Europe or America would even exist.
> >
> >
> > Thinking The Unthinkable
> >
> >
> > As the London Telegraph pointed out: "A more realistic view of history
> > requires less retrospective fantasy and more brain work. It means forcing
> > your head around to see what motivated men and women centuries ago. Try to
> > think the unthinkable - that the Crusaders were right, and that we should 
> > be
> > grateful to them."
> >
> > Christian Love And Self Sacrifice
> >
> > Professor Jonathan Riley-Smith explains that crusading was "an act of 
> > love"
> > for one's neighbour. An act of mercy to right a terrible wrong. As one
> > church leader wrote to the Knights Templar: "You carry out in deeds the
> > words of the Gospel, 'greater love than this hath no man, than that he lay
> > down his life for his friends'."
> >
> > Professor Riley-Smith points out that the goals of the crusades were 
> > firstly
> > to rescue the Christians of the East: "Many thousands of Christians are
> > bound in slavery and imprisoned by the Muslims and tortured with 
> > innumerable
> > torments." And secondly the liberation of Jerusalem and other places made
> > holy by the life of Christ.
> >
> > The Medieval crusaders saw themselves as pilgrims, restoring to the Lord
> > Jesus Christ His property. "The Crusaders conquest of Jerusalem, 
> > therefore,
> > was not colonialism, but an act of restoration and an open declaration of
> > one's love of God.It is often assumed that the central goal of the 
> > crusades
> > was forced conversion of the Muslim world. Nothing could be further from 
> > the
> > truth. From the perspective of Medieval Christians, Muslims were the 
> > enemies
> > of Christ and His Church. It was the Crusaders' task to defeat and defend
> > against them. That was all. Muslims who lived in crusader won territories
> > were generally allowed to retain their property and livelihood and always
> > their religion."
> >
> > Against All Odds
> >
> > When we think about the Middle Ages, we inevitably view Europe in the 
> > light
> > of what it became rather than what it was. The fact is that the superpower
> > of the Medieval world was Islam, not Christendom. The crusades were a 
> > battle
> > against all odds with impossibly long lines of supply and cripplingly
> > inadequate logistics. It was a David against Goliath enterprise from the
> > beginning. The chances of success for the first crusade were highly
> > improbable. They had no leader, no chain of command, no supply lines and 
> > no
> > detailed strategy. The first crusade consisted simply of thousands of
> > dedicated warriors marching deep into enemy territory, thousands of
> > kilometres from home. Many of them died of starvation, disease and wounds.
> > It was a rough campaign that always was on the brink of disaster .
> >
> > "Yet it was miraculously successful. By 1098, the Crusaders had liberated
> > Nicea and Antioch to Christian rule. And in July 1099 they re-conquered
> > Jerusalem and began to rebuild a Christian state in Palestine."
> >
> >
> > A Judgement Of God
> >
> >
> > When Jerusalem fell to Saladin in 1187, Christians across Europe perceived
> > that God was punishing them for their sins. Numerous lay movements sprang 
> > up
> > throughout Europe dedicated to purifying Christian society so that it may
> > become worthy of victory in the East.
> >
> > Professor Madden, of St. Lewis University and the author of A Concise
> > History of the Crusades, has observed: "From the safe distance of many
> > centuries, it is easy enough to scowl in disgust at the crusades. 
> > Religion,
> > after all, is nothing to fight wars over. But we should be mindful that 
> > our
> > Medieval ancestors would have been equally disgusted by our infinitely 
> > more
> > destructive wars fought in the names of political ideologies.Whether we
> > admire the Crusaders or not, it is a fact that the world we know today 
> > would
> > not exist without their efforts. The ancient faith of Christianity, with 
> > its
> > respect for women and antipathy toward slavery, not only survived but
> > flourished. Without the crusades, it might have followed Zoroastrianism,
> > another of Islam's rivals, into extinction." But for the crusades Europe
> > would have probably fallen to Islam and the USA would never have come into
> > existence.
> >
> > Learn To Discern
> >
> > Dr. Ted Baehr of Movieguide warns viewers to be "media wise enough to 
> > reject
> > revisionist history" such as the Kingdom of Heaven. " The problem is that
> > the future generations could accept this politically correct, 
> > anti-Christian
> > propaganda."
> >
> > Hollywood's Crusade Against History
> >
> > Ridley Scott's blockbuster epic "Kingdom of Heaven" presents one of the
> > worst distortions of history seen on any screen in recent years. Focusing 
> > on
> > the fall of Jerusalem, in AD1187, to Saladin's Muslim armies, this
> > anti-Christian, politically correct revisionism gets everything wrong.
> >
> > Who Cares About Geography?
> >
> > First of all, Scott's Kingdom of Heaven has its geography very wrong. We
> > know that the film was shot in Spain and Morocco, and it shows. Most 
> > people
> > should know that Jerusalem is not in the middle of the Sahara Desert! Yet,
> > in his film Jerusalem's high walls are surrounded by sand dunes, without a
> > tree, a bush or a blade of grass. The Mount of Olives, the Kidron Valley 
> > and
> > the Valley of Hinnon are nowhere to be seen. Unlike the Crusaders who
> > liberated Jerusalem in 1099, Saladin's Army has no problem moving his 
> > siege
> > engines and assault towers right up to the walls of Jerusalem, because
> > Scott's Jerusalem in Kingdom of Heaven is not surrounded by valleys or
> > ditches.
> >
> > This film also boldly asserts that Messina was the seaport to the Holy 
> > Land.
> > As Messina is on the Island of Sicily, one wonders why French crusaders
> > would, or how they could, depart from there. In fact Genoa, Venice and
> > Naples were the ports which crusaders set sail from.
> >
> > This is a True Story - Only the Facts Have Been Changed
> >
> > Kingdom of Heaven also distorts history beyond all recognition. The
> > "hundred-year truce" between the Christian and Muslim armies is a figment 
> > of
> > their imagination. The warfare throughout the 12th Century was incessant.
> >
> > The depiction of the Knight's Templar as a band of religious fanatics 
> > trying
> > to shatter the truce and provoke war with the Muslims by attacking 
> > caravans,
> > is a total fabrication. No Knight's Templar ever attacked any caravans.
> > Attacking caravans is what the founder of Islam, Muhammad, engaged in
> > regularly. As did his handpicked apostles, the Caliphas. The Knights 
> > Templar
> > were formed primarily to protect travellers from the attacks of the Muslim
> > army. In fact it was the slaughter of Christian pilgrims, by Muslim 
> > armies,
> > in violation of earlier agreements of safe passage, that precipitated the
> > crusades in the first place.
> >
> > The central figure of this film, Sir Balian, is a historical figure, who 
> > did
> > in fact play a critical role in the defence of Jerusalem in 1187, but the
> > film script distorts his character and role beyond all recognition. First 
> > of
> > all, Balian was not a blacksmith, nor did his wife commit suicide, nor was
> > he illegitimate, nor raised as a commoner. His father, Balian the Old (not
> > Godfrey as in the movie), had three sons, all legitimate: Hugh, Baldwin 
> > and
> > Balian. Balian never had to travel to the Holy Land, because he grew up as
> > part of the nobility there. Balian was married to royalty long before the
> > events portrayed in the film, and he was not at all romantically involved
> > with the Princess Sybilla. (Although his brother, Baldwin, had some love
> > interest in Sybilla).
> >
> > In Kingdom of Heaven, Balian is portrayed as questioning whether God 
> > exists,
> > although according to the historical records it is clear that Balian was a
> > dedicated Christian who took his faith very seriously. Nor did Balian 
> > desert
> > the defence of the Holy Land following the fall of Jerusalem. Far from
> > returning to France, Balian proceeded to Beirut in Lebanon which he helped
> > fortify against Muslim invasion. He was present with Richard the 
> > Lionhearted
> > at the signing of the peace with Saladin, which secured safe passage for
> > Christian pilgrims and recognised crusader control over the 90 mile 
> > stretch
> > of coastline from Tyre to Jaffa.
> >
> > According to Kingdom of Heaven, the real hero in the story is the famous
> > Muslim general, Saladin (1138 - 1193). Although an exceptionally gifted
> > military strategist and unusually chivalrous, the film has uncritically
> > accepted, and embellished, the legends about Saladin beyond what the
> > historical record would support. A Muslim Kurd, from Northern Iraq, 
> > Saladin
> > was raised in a privileged family, and was very ambitious. At age 14 he
> > joined his uncle's military staff, and at 31 followed him to Egypt where 
> > his
> > uncle was Grand Vizier. When his uncle died two months later, Saladin 
> > seized
> > power, defeated competing Muslim leaders and started a dynasty which
> > established Egypt as the major Muslim power in the Middle East.
> >
> > Far from having war forced upon him, Saladin initiated the conflict by
> > declaring a Jihad against the Christians. He swept throughout Palestine
> > capturing more than 50 crusader castles in two years. At the battle of
> > Hattin on 4 July 1187 Saladin's army defeated the Christians on the shores
> > of Lake Tiberius (the Sea of Galilee) - although in the film this battle 
> > is
> > depicted as in waterless desert! Far from being the magnanimous victor
> > depicted in modern legends and this film, Saladin was a ruthless general 
> > who
> > had thousands of Christian prisoners beheaded in cold blood - including
> > after the battle of Hattin.
> >
> > In the film, Saladin is portrayed as being most gracious in allowing the
> > defenders of Jerusalem safe passage. In fact after the negotiated 
> > surrender
> > of Jerusalem, which the Patriarch of Jerusalem initiated, Saladin demanded
> > that every man, women and child in Jerusalem pay a ransom for his or her
> > freedom or face the grim prospect of Islamic slavery. In order to save the
> > lives and liberty of the poor people who could not afford the heavy ransom
> > demanded by Saladin, Balian paid out of his own resources the ransom
> > required for those who could not afford it.
> >
> > Twisted Theology
> >
> > The theology in Kingdom of Heaven is also all wrong. The film depicts some
> > monk standing by the roadside repeating: "To kill an infidel is not murder
> > it is the path to heaven!" As any student of the Bible would be able to 
> > tell
> > you, neither the concept nor those words appear anywhere in the Christian
> > Bible. However, as any student of the Quran should be able to inform you,
> > that is exactly what the Islamic doctrine of Jihad teaches.
> >
> > At one point early in the film as Muslims bow in prayer towards Mecca,
> > Balian comments: "You allow them to pray?" A knight sneers and answers : 
> > "As
> > long as they pay their taxes!" In fact the crusaders never required any
> > extra taxes of Muslims in order to allow them to pray. That is the Islamic
> > doctrine and practice of Jizya. To this day Muslim governments require 
> > Jizya
> > - tribute taxes - of dhimmi's (Jews and Christians under their Islamic
> > rule).
> >
> > Before the crusaders march out to the disastrous battle of Hattin, the 
> > film
> > has one knight declaring: "The army of Jesus Christ cannot be beaten."
> > However, there is no such doctrine in the Bible, or in Christian theology.
> > It is, in fact, Islamic dogma that no Muslim army can never be defeated by
> > an infidel army. This Muhammad asserted on the authority of Allah himself.
> > (Something which the recent defeats, of the Taliban, in Afghanistan, and
> > Saddam Hussein's Muslim military superpower of the Middle East, Iraq, by 
> > the
> > Americans has precipitated a serious theological problem for Islamic
> > scholars).
> >
> > Insults to Intelligence
> >
> > Quite aside from the factual errors in geography, the attributing of 
> > Islamic
> > doctrine to the Christians, and the blatant distortion of history, the
> > Kingdom of Heaven is an insult to the intelligence of its viewers in terms
> > of its preposterous script.
> >
> > Here we are expected to believe that: Balian is grieving his wife's death,
> > yet he does not even attend to her burial; that Balian raised a commoner,
> > trained only as a blacksmith, from France, could within days of arriving 
> > in
> > Palestine be teaching the local people how to practice agriculture and dig
> > wells in the desert; and that this blacksmith with no military training
> > could know more about siege weapons and military strategy that all the
> > knights and military professionals concentrated in the Holy Land put
> > together! Just where would a blacksmith have learnt all about siege 
> > engines,
> > trebuchets, cavalry tactics and defensive strategy?
> >
> > The fictional, adulterous relationship depicted between Balian and 
> > Princess
> > Sybilla strains all credibility. As does Balian's presumed ethical
> > objections against executing the venomous and bloodthirsty husband of his
> > presumed adulterous interest! Apparently justice and the avoiding of a
> > disastrous war were not as important as his adulterous affections.
> >
> > Aside from the terrain around Jerusalem being so conveniently flat for the
> > invading armies, the depicted firepower and range capabilities of the
> > catapults and trebuchets are ridiculous. Steel cranes with three-inch
> > titanium cables would have trouble sustaining the weight and strain with
> > which these 12th Century wooden and rope trebuchets were meant to have
> > pulverised the thick walls of Jerusalem! The film makers of Kingdom of
> > Heaven try to make up for a lack of script and character development by
> > overdosing on computer generated explosions and fictional firepower
> > capabilities. (Actually maximum range for a 12th Century catapult would 
> > have
> > been 150 yards with a 300 pound rock).
> >
> > And how can any viewer with a grasp of history or military tactics swallow
> > the kind of tactics and strategy dished up in films like Kingdom of 
> > Heaven?
> > What soldiers throw their shields away just before engaging a massive
> > assault by the enemy?! Apparently, Orlando Bloom wanted his long flowing
> > locks to flow in the breeze, but seriously, what knight would throw his
> > helmet away just before engaging in hand to hand combat?!
> >
> > Also, as any student of history and anthropology should be able to tell 
> > you,
> > the crusaders did not burn the bodies of their dead. That was the practice
> > of the Vikings, the ancient Greeks and the Hindus, but not of the 
> > Christians
> > who buried their dead.
> >
> > The ridiculous speech with its feel good "why can't we all just get along"
> > drivel dished up by Orlando Bloom's Balian on the walls of Jerusalem 
> > (while
> > Saladin's armies politely delay their attack until he has finished) may
> > sound believable to some 21st Century Humanist, but these were not the
> > convictions or sentiments of any 12th Century crusader. As for the 
> > pathetic
> > egalitarian gesture of knighting everybody - without any training, testing
> > or code of conduct - is so unhistorical, and so out of touch with reality,
> > as to make one wonder what drugs the scriptwriter was on at the time.
> >
> > Then there's that shipwreck. To expect us to believe that the hero of the
> > film could go down with the ship in high seas, and awake the next morning
> > alive and well, on the shore - with the entire crew and every passenger, 
> > and
> > every horse dead, and neatly deposited on the shore - is ludicrous.
> > Especially that the only survivors of the shipwreck were the hero, and his
> > horse! And of course, very conveniently, his father's sword was not the 
> > kind
> > of heavy sword that would sink to the bottom of the ocean, but was also
> > neatly deposited next to this sole survivor!
> >
> > Crusade Against Christianity
> >
> > The ridiculous and inane comments attributed to the bishop in the film are
> > also not only highly unlikely, but jarringly anachronistic. Producer 
> > Ridley
> > Scott, and scriptwriter William Monahan, obviously hate Christianity. But,
> > just in case any viewers lack the discernment to detect the unveiled
> > anti-Christian hostility and prejudice, which permeates the entire movie,
> > Ridley Scott, has gone on record as stating: "Balian is an agnostic, just
> > like me." Of course there was no such thing as agnosticism in the 12th
> > Century, especially not amongst crusaders. The word "agnostic" was a 19th
> > Century invention.
> >
> > Just in case anyone misunderstood the motivations behind his movie, Ridley
> > Scott has been quoted as saying: "If we could just take God out of the
> > equation, there would be no f. problem!"
> >
> > Entertainment or Exploitation?
> >
> > Considering how few people today read history books, and how most depend
> > entirely on these kind of "based on a true story - the names and the 
> > places
> > are true - only the facts have been changed to protect the guilty" films,
> > for their understanding of the past, this kind of blind prejudice and
> > obsessive hatred against Christianity on the part of producers and 
> > directors
> > should be frightening. As Karl Marx declared: "The first battlefield is 
> > the
> > rewriting of history." I'm sure that all the enemies of Christianity are
> > delighted with propaganda pics like Kingdom of Heaven.
> >
> > The Facts of History
> >
> > The fact is that the crusades of the Middle Ages were a reaction to
> > centuries of Islamic Jihad. In the first century of Islam alone Muslim
> > invaders conquered the whole of the previously Christian North Africa
> > destroying over 3200 churches - in just 100 years. In the first five
> > centuries of Islam, Muslim forces killed Christians, kidnapped their
> > children to raise them as Muslims, or compelled people at the point of the
> > sword to convert to Islam . Up to 50% of all the Christians in the world
> > were wiped out during the first three centuries of Islam. The Saracens (as
> > the Muslim invaders were called) desecrated Christian places of worship 
> > and
> > were severely persecuting Christians. Pilgrims were then prevented from
> > visiting those places where our Lord was born, was crucified and raised 
> > from
> > the dead. It was only after four centuries of Islamic Jihad that the
> > crusades were launched as a belated reaction to the blatant Islamic Jihad.
> >
> > Logistics and Economics
> >
> > As the Christian History Institute has pointed out, the characterising of
> > crusaders as only in it for the plunder and the loot betrays an ignorance 
> > of
> > both geography and history. The vast majority of the crusaders were
> > impoverished and financially ruined by the crusades. Crusaders, through
> > great sacrifice and personal expense, left their homes and families to
> > travel 3000km across treacherous and inhospitable terrain - and the 
> > shortest
> > crusade lasted 4 years. Considering that only 10% of the crusaders had
> > horses, and 90% were foot soldiers, the sheer fact of logistics is that 
> > the
> > crusaders could not possibly have carried back enough loot to have made up
> > for the loss of earnings and high expenses involved with these long
> > crusades. Many crusaders lost their homes and farms to finance their
> > involvement in the crusades.
> >
> > There's More to Life than Money
> >
> > Perhaps self-seeking materialistic agnostics in the 21st Century cannot
> > understand that some people could be motivated by something other than
> > personal financial enrichment, but the fact is that many people make
> > sacrifices for their religious convictions, and in order to help others. 
> > In
> > the case of the crusaders, the historical record makes clear that amongst
> > the motivations that led tens of thousands of volunteers to reclaim the 
> > Holy
> > Land was a sense of Christian duty to help their fellow Christians in the
> > East whose lands have been invaded and churches desecrated by Muslim 
> > armies,
> > and a desire to secure access to the Holy Lands for pilgrims. There was 
> > also
> > a desire to fight for the honour of their Lord Jesus Christ, Whose 
> > churches
> > had been destroyed and Whose Deity had been denied by the Mohammadan
> > aggressors. In other words, to the crusaders this was a defensive war to
> > reclaim Christian lands from Muslim invaders.
> >
> > We may not share their convictions, or agree with their methods, but we
> > ought to evaluate them in the light of the realities of the 11th and 12th
> > centuries, and not anachronistically project our standards and politics 
> > back
> > upon them.
> >
> > The Missing Jihad
> >
> > Scriptwriter William Monahan, and Director Ridley Scott, obviously don't
> > understand the motivations behind the crusaders, and apparently they do 
> > not
> > understand the Islamic doctrine of Jihad either - which the film makes no
> > reference to. Considering that Jihad was the central threat that had lead 
> > to
> > the reaction of the crusades, this omission is inexplicable. Kingdom of
> > Heaven preoccupies itself with fictionalising crusader atrocities, but it
> > ignores the pattern of the preceeding five centuries of genocide and
> > aggression by Islamic armies. For those wanting the politically incorrect
> > rest of the story which Kingdom of Heaven does not even hint of, you would
> > want to read Slavery, Terrorism
> > <http://www.frontline.org.za/books_videos/sti.htm>  & Islam - The 
> > Historical
> > Roots & Contemporary Threat.
> >
> > Scott's Kingdom of Heaven is politically correct, anti-Christian, 
> > pro-Muslim
> > propaganda. It makes poor entertainment and is a worthless distortion of
> > reality.
> >
> >
> > MOHAMMED VS CHRIST
> >
> >
> > In his article "Self Hate, Revisionist History and Christophobia in the
> > movie Kingdom of Heaven" Dr. Ted Baehr notes some of the differences 
> > between
> > Mohammed and Christ:
> >
> > "Mohammed was the prophet of war; Christ is the Prince of Peace (Isaiah
> > 9:6-7).
> >
> > Mohammed's disciples killed for the faith; Christ's disciples were killed
> > for their faith (Acts 12:2; 2 Tim. 4:7).
> >
> > Mohammed promoted persecution against the "infidels"; Christ forgave and
> > converted the chief persecutor (1 Tim. 1:13-15).
> >
> > Mohammed was the taker of life; Christ is the giver of life (John 
> > 10:27-28).
> >
> >
> > Mohammed and his fellow warriors murdered thousands; Christ murdered none
> > but saved many (John 12:48).
> >
> > Mohammed 's method was COMPULSION; Christ's aim was CONVERSION (Acts 
> > 3:19).
> >
> > Mohammed practiced FORCE; Christ preached FAITH (John 6:29, 35).
> >
> > Mohammed was a WARRIOR; Christ is a DELIVERER (Col. 1:13; 1 Thess. 1:10).
> >
> > Mohammed said to the masses, "Convert or die!"; Christ said, "Believe and
> > live!" (John 6:47; 11:25-26).
> >
> > Mohammed was swift to shed blood (Rom. 3:15-17); Christ shed His own blood
> > for the salvation of many (Eph. 1:7).
> >
> > Mohammed preached "Death to the infidels!"; Christ prayed "Father, forgive
> > them, for they know not what they do" (Luke 23:34).
> >
> > Mohammed declared a holy war (Jihad) against infidels; Christ achieved a
> > holy victory on Calvary's cross (Col. 2:14-15) and His followers share in
> > that victory (John 16:33).
> >
> > Mohammed constrained people by conquest; Christ constrained people by love
> > (2 Cor. 5:14).
> >
> > Modern terrorists derive their inspiration from Mohammed and carry out 
> > their
> > despicable atrocities in the name of his god; Christians derive their
> > inspiration from the One who said, "Blessed are the peacemakers" (Matthew
> > 5:9).
> >
> > Modern day disciples of Mohammed respond to the terrorist attacks by
> > cheering in the streets; modern day disciples of Christ are deeply grieved
> > at past atrocities carried out by those who were "Christians" in name only
> > (the Crusades, the Spanish Inquisition, etc.).
> >
> > Many Muslims are peaceful and peace-loving because they do not strictly
> > follow the teachings of their founder; many Christians are peaceful and
> > peace-loving because they do strictly follow the teachings of their 
> > Founder
> > (Rom. 12:17-21).
> >
> > Mohammed called upon his servants to fight; Jesus said, "My kingdom is not
> > of this world; if My kingdom were of this world, then would My servants
> > fight . . . but now is My kingdom not from here" (John 18:36)
> >
> > Mohammed ordered death to the Jews (see A.Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad,
> > Oxford University Press [1975], p. 369); Christ ordered that the Gospel be
> > preached "to the Jew first" (Rom. 1:16).
> >
> > The Koran says, "Fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them" (Qu'ran
> > 9.5); Christ said, "Preach the Gospel to every creature" (Mark 16:15).
> >
> > Mohammed's mission was to conquer the world for Allah; Christ's mission 
> > was
> > to conquer sin's penalty and power by substitutionary atonement (2 Cor.
> > 5:21; 1 Pet. 3:18).
> >
> > Mohammed claimed that there was but one God, Allah; Christ claimed that He
> > was God (John 10:30-31; John 8:58-59; John 5:18; John 14:9).
> >
> > Mohammed's Tomb: OCCUPIED! Christ's tomb: EMPTY! "
> >
> > JIHAD VS THE GOSPEL
> >
> > The word "crusade" does not appear in the Bible, nor is it commanded in
> > Christianity. However, Jihad is the sixth pillar of Islam and the second
> > greatest command of Muhammad. It is not only commended, but commanded in 
> > the
> > Quran.
> >
> > The crusades ended many centuries ago. However Islamic Jihad is carried 
> > out
> > to this day. Millions of Christians have been slaughtered throughout the
> > centuries by Islamic militants - such as the 1.5 million Armenians 
> > murdered
> > in Turkey in 1915. Christians have continued to be slaughtered by Islamic
> > militants in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sudan and Nigeria to the present
> > day.
> >
> > Therefore, before Christians fall over themselves to apologise for the
> > crusades, which ended over 700 years ago, it would be wise to first learn
> > from reliable sources what the crusades were all about, and study the
> > Islamic teachings and track record of Jihad over the last 14 centuries .
> > <http://www.frontline.org.za/books_videos/sti.htm> "Slavery, Terrorism and
> > Islam - The Historical Roots and Contemporary Threat" would provide a good
> > introduction. Those who do not know their past have no future.
> >
> > Dr. Peter Hammond
> > http://www.frontline.org.za/images/CDs/Crusades%20&%20Jihad.gif
> > Frontline Fellowship
> > P.O. Box 74
> > Newlands
> > 7725
> > Cape Town
> > South Africa
> >
> > E-Mail: admin@...
> > Website: www.frontline.org.za <http://www.frontline.org.za/>
> >
> > The above text is most of what was presented by Peter Hammond at the
> > Universities in Minnasota. The CD's on his presentation and the open
> > discussion times with the students is available from:
> >
> > Frontline Fellowship USA
> > P.O. Box 728
> > Manitou Springs
> > CO 80829
> > Tel: 719-685-2899
> > Fax: 719-685-9330
> > email: info@...
> > Web: www.frontlinefellowship.net
> >
> > See also related articles:
> > <http://www.frontline.org.za/news/Muslim_Evangelism_in_Minnesota.htm>
> > Muslim Evangelism in Minnesota
> > The End <http://www.frontline.org.za/news/end_of_islam.htm>  of Islam
> > Slavery
> > <http://www.frontline.org.za/news/slaverytoday_battleoverhistory.htm> 
> > Today
> > and the Battle over History
> > Slavery
> > <http://www.christianaction.org.za/articles_ca/2004-4-TheScourgeofSlavery.ht
> > m>  - The Rest of the Story
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > http://www.frontline.org.za/images/Dropdownmenus_sites.gif
> >
> > http://www.frontline.org.za/images/Dropdownmenus_mission.gif
> >
> >
> > All rights reserved | Contact the webmaster 
> > <mailto:admin@...>
> > for comments and questions about the site
> > http://www.frontline.org.za/IMAGES/FOOTER%20IMAGE.GIF
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------------
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