cloud-fan commented on a change in pull request #27066:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/27066#discussion_r437995880



##########
File path: 
sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ColumnExpressionSuite.scala
##########
@@ -923,4 +923,450 @@ class ColumnExpressionSuite extends QueryTest with 
SharedSparkSession {
     val inSet = InSet(Literal("a"), Set("a", "b").map(UTF8String.fromString))
     assert(inSet.sql === "('a' IN ('a', 'b'))")
   }
+
+  def checkAnswerAndSchema(
+    df: => DataFrame,
+    expectedAnswer: Seq[Row],
+    expectedSchema: StructType): Unit = {
+
+    checkAnswer(df, expectedAnswer)
+    assert(df.schema == expectedSchema)
+  }
+
+  private lazy val structType = StructType(Seq(
+    StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+    StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+    StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false)))
+
+  private lazy val structLevel1: DataFrame = spark.createDataFrame(
+    sparkContext.parallelize(Row(Row(1, null, 3)) :: Nil),
+    StructType(Seq(StructField("a", structType, nullable = false))))
+
+  private lazy val nullStructLevel1: DataFrame = spark.createDataFrame(
+    sparkContext.parallelize(Row(null) :: Nil),
+    StructType(Seq(StructField("a", structType, nullable = true))))
+
+  private lazy val structLevel2: DataFrame = spark.createDataFrame(
+    sparkContext.parallelize(Row(Row(Row(1, null, 3))) :: Nil),
+    StructType(Seq(
+      StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", structType, nullable = false))),
+        nullable = false))))
+
+  private lazy val structLevel3: DataFrame = spark.createDataFrame(
+    sparkContext.parallelize(Row(Row(Row(Row(1, null, 3)))) :: Nil),
+    StructType(Seq(
+      StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", structType, nullable = false))),
+          nullable = false))),
+        nullable = false))))
+
+  test("withField should throw an exception if called on a non-StructType 
column") {
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      testData.withColumn("key", $"key".withField("a", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("struct argument should be struct type, got: 
int.")
+  }
+
+  test("withField should throw an exception if fieldName is null") {
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", $"a".withField(null, lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("fieldName argument should not be null.")
+  }
+
+  test("withField should throw an exception if fieldName is empty") {
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", $"a".withField("", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("fieldName argument should not be empty.")
+  }
+
+  test("withField should throw an exception if any intermediate structs don't 
exist") {
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      structLevel2.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("x.b", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("Intermediate field x does not exist.")
+
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      structLevel3.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("a.x.b", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("Intermediate field a.x does not exist.")
+  }
+
+  test("withField should throw an exception if any intermediate field is not a 
struct") {
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("b.a", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("Intermediate field b should be struct type, 
got: int.")
+
+    intercept[AnalysisException] {
+      val structLevel2: DataFrame = spark.createDataFrame(
+        sparkContext.parallelize(Row(Row(Row(1, null, 3), 4)) :: Nil),
+        StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+            StructField("a", structType, nullable = false),
+            StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+            nullable = false))))
+
+      structLevel2.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("a.b", lit(2)))
+    }.getMessage should include("Intermediate field a should be struct type, 
got: int.")
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add field to struct") {
+    checkAnswerAndSchema(
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("d", lit(4))),
+      Row(Row(1, null, 3, 4)) :: Nil,
+      StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+          nullable = false))))
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add field to null struct") {
+    checkAnswerAndSchema(
+      nullStructLevel1.withColumn("a", $"a".withField("d", lit(4))),
+      Row(null) :: Nil,
+      StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+          nullable = true))))
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add null field to struct") {
+    checkAnswerAndSchema(
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("d", 
lit(null).cast(IntegerType))),
+      Row(Row(1, null, 3, null)) :: Nil,
+      StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = true))),
+          nullable = false))))
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add multiple fields to struct") {
+    checkAnswerAndSchema(
+      structLevel1.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("d", lit(4)).withField("e", 
lit(5))),
+      Row(Row(1, null, 3, 4, 5)) :: Nil,
+      StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+          StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+          StructField("e", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+          nullable = false))))
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add field to nested struct") {
+    Seq(
+      structLevel2.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("a.d", lit(4))),
+      structLevel2.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("a", $"a.a".withField("d", 
lit(4))))
+    ).foreach { df =>
+      checkAnswerAndSchema(
+        df,
+        Row(Row(Row(1, null, 3, 4))) :: Nil,
+        StructType(
+          Seq(StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+            StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+              StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+              StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+              StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+              StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+              nullable = false))),
+            nullable = false))))
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("withField should add field to deeply nested struct") {
+    checkAnswerAndSchema(
+      structLevel3.withColumn("a", 'a.withField("a.a.d", lit(4))),
+      Row(Row(Row(Row(1, null, 3, 4)))) :: Nil,
+      StructType(Seq(
+        StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+          StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+            StructField("a", StructType(Seq(
+              StructField("a", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+              StructField("b", IntegerType, nullable = true),
+              StructField("c", IntegerType, nullable = false),
+              StructField("d", IntegerType, nullable = false))),
+              nullable = false))),
+            nullable = false))),
+          nullable = false))))
+  }
+
+  test( "withField should replace field in struct") {

Review comment:
       nit: remove the extra space.




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