Yicong-Huang commented on code in PR #54125:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/54125#discussion_r2776479937


##########
python/pyspark/sql/pandas/serializers.py:
##########
@@ -619,170 +531,71 @@ def __init__(
             arrow_cast,
         )
         self._assign_cols_by_name = assign_cols_by_name
+        self._ignore_unexpected_complex_type_values = 
ignore_unexpected_complex_type_values
+        self._is_udtf = is_udtf
 
-    def _create_struct_array(
-        self,
-        df: "pd.DataFrame",
-        return_type: StructType,
-        *,
-        prefers_large_types: bool = False,
-    ):
-        """
-        Create an Arrow StructArray from the given pandas.DataFrame and Spark 
StructType.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        df : pandas.DataFrame
-            A pandas DataFrame
-        return_type : StructType
-            The Spark return type (StructType) to use
-        prefers_large_types : bool, optional
-            Whether to prefer large Arrow types (e.g., large_string instead of 
string).
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        pyarrow.Array
-        """
-        import pyarrow as pa
-
-        # Derive arrow_struct_type from return_type
-        arrow_struct_type = to_arrow_type(
-            return_type, timezone=self._timezone, 
prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types
-        )
-
-        if len(df.columns) == 0:
-            return pa.array([{}] * len(df), arrow_struct_type)
-        # Assign result columns by schema name if user labeled with strings
-        if self._assign_cols_by_name and any(isinstance(name, str) for name in 
df.columns):
-            struct_arrs = [
-                self._create_array(
-                    df[spark_field.name],
-                    spark_field.dataType,
-                    arrow_cast=self._arrow_cast,
-                    prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types,
-                )
-                for spark_field in return_type
-            ]
-        # Assign result columns by position
-        else:
-            struct_arrs = [
-                # the selected series has name '1', so we rename it to 
spark_field.name
-                # as the name is used by _create_array to provide a meaningful 
error message
-                self._create_array(
-                    df[df.columns[i]].rename(spark_field.name),
-                    spark_field.dataType,
-                    arrow_cast=self._arrow_cast,
-                    prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types,
-                )
-                for i, spark_field in enumerate(return_type)
-            ]
-
-        return pa.StructArray.from_arrays(struct_arrs, 
fields=list(arrow_struct_type))
-
-    def _create_batch(
-        self, series, *, arrow_cast=False, prefers_large_types=False, 
struct_in_pandas="dict"
-    ):
+    def dump_stream(self, iterator, stream):
         """
-        Create an Arrow record batch from the given pandas.Series, 
pandas.DataFrame,
-        or list of Series/DataFrame, with optional Spark type.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        series : pandas.Series or pandas.DataFrame or list
-            A single series or dataframe, list of series or dataframe,
-            or list of (series or dataframe, spark_type) tuples.
-        arrow_cast : bool, optional
-            If True, use Arrow's cast method for type conversion.
-        prefers_large_types : bool, optional
-            Whether to prefer large Arrow types (e.g., large_string instead of 
string).
-        struct_in_pandas : str, optional
-            How to represent struct types in pandas: "dict" or "row".
-            Default is "dict".
+        Override because Pandas UDFs require a START_ARROW_STREAM before the 
Arrow stream is sent.
+        This should be sent after creating the first record batch so in case 
of an error, it can
+        be sent back to the JVM before the Arrow stream starts.
 
-        Returns
-        -------
-        pyarrow.RecordBatch
-            Arrow RecordBatch
+        Each element in iterator is:
+        - For batched UDFs: tuple of (series, spark_type) tuples: ((s1, t1), 
(s2, t2), ...)
+        - For iterator UDFs: single (series, spark_type) tuple directly
         """
         import pandas as pd
-        import pyarrow as pa
 
-        # Normalize input to list of (data, spark_type) tuples
-        # Handle: single series, (series, type) tuple, or list of tuples
-        if not isinstance(series, (list, tuple)) or (
-            len(series) == 2 and isinstance(series[1], DataType)
-        ):
-            series = [series]
-        # Ensure each element is a (data, spark_type) tuple
-        series = [(s, None) if not isinstance(s, (list, tuple)) else s for s 
in series]
-
-        arrs = []
-        for s, spark_type in series:
-            # Convert spark_type to arrow_type for type checking (similar to 
master branch)
-            arrow_type = (
-                to_arrow_type(
-                    spark_type, timezone=self._timezone, 
prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types
-                )
-                if spark_type is not None
-                else None
-            )
+        def create_batch(
+            packed: Union[
+                Tuple[Union["pd.Series", "pd.DataFrame"], DataType],
+                Tuple[Tuple[Union["pd.Series", "pd.DataFrame"], DataType], 
...],
+            ],
+        ) -> "pa.RecordBatch":
+            """
+            Create batch from UDF output.
 
-            # Variants are represented in arrow as structs with additional 
metadata (checked by
-            # is_variant). If the data type is Variant, return a VariantVal 
atomic type instead of
-            # a dict of two binary values.
-            if (
-                struct_in_pandas == "dict"
-                and arrow_type is not None
-                and pa.types.is_struct(arrow_type)
-                and not is_variant(arrow_type)
-            ):
-                # A pandas UDF should return pd.DataFrame when the return type 
is a struct type.
-                # If it returns a pd.Series, it should throw an error.
-                if not isinstance(s, pd.DataFrame):
-                    raise PySparkValueError(
-                        "Invalid return type. Please make sure that the UDF 
returns a "
-                        "pandas.DataFrame when the specified return type is 
StructType."
-                    )
-                arrs.append(
-                    self._create_struct_array(
-                        s, spark_type, prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types
-                    )
-                )
-            elif isinstance(s, pd.DataFrame):
-                # If data is a DataFrame (e.g., from df_for_struct), use 
_create_struct_array
-                arrs.append(
-                    self._create_struct_array(
-                        s, spark_type, prefers_large_types=prefers_large_types
-                    )
-                )
+            Parameters
+            ----------
+            packed : tuple
+                - For iterator UDFs: single (series, spark_type) tuple
+                - For batched UDFs: tuple of tuples ((s1, t1), (s2, t2), ...)
+            """
+            # Normalize: iterator UDFs yield (series, spark_type) directly,
+            # batched UDFs return tuple of tuples ((s1, t1), (s2, t2), ...)
+            if len(packed) == 2 and isinstance(packed[1], DataType):
+                # single UDF result: wrap in list
+                series_tuples: List[Tuple[Union["pd.Series", "pd.DataFrame"], 
DataType]] = [packed]

Review Comment:
   thanks. moved the typehint up



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