Github user ericl commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16944#discussion_r102843314
  
    --- Diff: 
sql/hive/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveMetastoreCatalog.scala ---
    @@ -161,22 +164,45 @@ private[hive] class 
HiveMetastoreCatalog(sparkSession: SparkSession) extends Log
               bucketSpec,
               Some(partitionSchema))
     
    +        val catalogTable = metastoreRelation.catalogTable
             val logicalRelation = cached.getOrElse {
               val sizeInBytes =
                 
metastoreRelation.stats(sparkSession.sessionState.conf).sizeInBytes.toLong
               val fileIndex = {
    -            val index = new CatalogFileIndex(
    -              sparkSession, metastoreRelation.catalogTable, sizeInBytes)
    +            val index = new CatalogFileIndex(sparkSession, catalogTable, 
sizeInBytes)
                 if (lazyPruningEnabled) {
                   index
                 } else {
                   index.filterPartitions(Nil)  // materialize all the 
partitions in memory
                 }
               }
               val partitionSchemaColumnNames = 
partitionSchema.map(_.name.toLowerCase).toSet
    -          val dataSchema =
    -            StructType(metastoreSchema
    -              .filterNot(field => 
partitionSchemaColumnNames.contains(field.name.toLowerCase)))
    +          val filteredMetastoreSchema = StructType(metastoreSchema
    +            .filterNot(field => 
partitionSchemaColumnNames.contains(field.name.toLowerCase)))
    +
    +          // Infer a case-sensitive schema when the metastore doesn't 
return one, if configured.
    +          val inferredSchema = inferSchema(
    +            catalogTable,
    +            metastoreSchema,
    +            options,
    +            defaultSource,
    +            fileType,
    +            fileIndex)
    +
    +          // If configured, save the inferred case-sensitive schema to the 
table properties and
    +          // fetch the updated CatalogTable record for use in the 
LogicalRelation.
    +          val updatedCatalogTable = updateCatalogTable(catalogTable, 
inferredSchema)
    +
    +          val dataSchema = inferenceMode match {
    +            case (INFER_AND_SAVE | INFER_ONLY) if 
(!catalogTable.schemaPreservesCase) =>
    +              inferredSchema.getOrElse {
    +                logWarning(s"Unable to infer schema for table 
$tableIdentifier from file format " +
    +                  s"$defaultSource (inference mode: $inferenceMode); using 
metastore schema.")
    +                filteredMetastoreSchema
    +              }
    +            case _ =>
    +              filteredMetastoreSchema
    +          }
    --- End diff --
    
    I'm still finding this a bit awkward to read because the inferenceMode 
config flag is referenced in three separate places. How about centralizing the 
logic a little, moving the config checks to the body of this function?
    
    ```
    val shouldInferSchema = !catalogTable.schemaPreservesCase && inferenceMode 
!= NEVER_INFER
    val dataSchema = if (shouldInferSchema) {
      val inferredSchema = inferSchema(...)
      if (inferenceMode == INFER_AND_SAVE) {
        try {
           updateCatalogTableSchema(...)
        } catch {
           ...
        }
      }
      inferredSchema
    } else {
      filteredMetastoreSchema
    }
    ```


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