[ccp4bb] references on application of broad specificity of enzyme

2015-06-23 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
I have a transferase, which is showing broad specificity for both the 
substrates (nucleotides) in our organism of interest, but is highly specific in 
other organisms.
Are there any references showing the applications of (bi-substrate) proteins 
with such broad specificity towards nucleotides?
Thanking you,
regards,Sreetama


[ccp4bb] off-topic: different R-factor values shown in PDB page vs PDB file

2015-03-25 Thread sreetama das
Hi,Sorry for a slightly off-topic question.
I just noticed that for some pdb files, the value of R-factor shown on the PDB 
web page is different from the value in the file obtained by clicking the link 
display file. Why is this so?
examples where I noticed:4jzc , where the PDB page 
(http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=4JZC) shows 

| R-Value:  |  0.990 (obs.)  |
|  R-Free:  |  0.248  |


while the file shows :REMARK 3 R VALUE (WORKING SET) : 0.230 REMARK 3 FREE R 
VALUE : 0.248 

3gkq, etc.
Any idea why this is happening ?
Thanks and regards,Sreetama
 

[ccp4bb] how to switch on probe clashes (disabled in coot)

2015-02-11 Thread sreetama das
Dear Users,
The option ValidateProbe clashes is disabled in coot (version 0.8/CCP4-6.5, 
OS - ubuntu 12.04).How can this be enabled?Can I toggle between 'enable' and 
'disable' according to need?
Thanks in advance.
SreetamaPhD student,IISc


[ccp4bb] software/web server to determine ligand volume

2014-08-13 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
Is there any software or web server available to calculate the volume of a 
ligand if the ligand coordinates are provided?
Google seems to come up only with options to calculate protein cavity volume.

Thanks in advance,
Sreetama Das,
phd student,
Physics, IISc


[ccp4bb] RMSD between structures of homologous proteins

2014-08-13 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
   When calculating the RMSD between structures of homologous proteins, 
where there are large changes in the loop region(s), which RMSD should be 
reported - an overall value which may be inflated due to the deviations in the 
loops, or separate values for the core and loop regions?
What is the best way to calculate the RMSD for superposition of the cores - 
should I prepare a separate PDB file by removing the coordinates of the loop 
residues and then superpose?

Thanks in advance,
Sreetama das,
PhD student,
Physics, IISc


Re: [ccp4bb] Naccess

2014-07-10 Thread sreetama das
hi,
I found the following reference in a paper-

Hubbard S. PhD thesis. University College of London, Department of Biochemistry 
and Molecular 
Biology; 1992. NACCESS: a Program for Calculating Accessibilities.


On Wednesday, 9 July 2014 8:20 PM, FOOS Nicolas 
nicolas.f...@synchrotron-soleil.fr wrote:
 


Hello,

i cited this program with :
Hubbard, S.J., and Thornton, J.M. (1993). NACCESS (Computer Program, Department 
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London.).

I am not absolutly certain that's th best way.

Nicolas

De : CCP4 bulletin board [CCP4BB@JISCMAIL.AC.UK] de la part de Armando Albert 
[xalb...@iqfr.csic.es]
Envoyé : mercredi 9 juillet 2014 17:02
À : CCP4BB@JISCMAIL.AC.UK
Objet : [ccp4bb] Naccess


Dear all,
Does anyone know how to properly cite Naccess for calculation of solvent 
accessible area (http://www.bioinf.manchester.ac.uk/naccess/)?
Armando

[ccp4bb] R-merge,R-meas 1 in outermost resolution shell

2014-06-03 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
  What are reasonable values of Rmerge in the outermost resolution 
shell? 


Some of the recent discussions suggest using data up to those shells where 
I/sig(I) ~2 and CC1/2 = 0.5.
But I am getting Rmerge  Rmeas  1 in the outermost shell for those values of 
I/sig(I) and CC1/2.
Reducing the resolution
 cut-off while data reduction  scaling (aimless) reduces the R-values, but I 
am not sure how much I should reduce the resolution (if at all). 

Following are the results from the aimless log file:
At a resolution cut-off of 1.62A:
   Overall  InnerShell  OuterShell
Low resolution limit   42.12 42.12  1.65
High resolution limit   1.62  8.87  1.62

Rmerge  (within
 I+/I-) 0.071 0.019 1.325
Rmerge  (all I+ and I-)    0.074 0.020 1.381
Rmeas (within I+/I-)   0.078 0.021 1.446
Rmeas (all I+  I-)    0.077 0.022 1.441
Rpim (within
 I+/I-)    0.031 0.009 0.575
Rpim (all I+  I-) 0.022 0.007 0.410
Rmerge in top intensity bin    0.031    - - 
Total number of observations  311022  1839 14876
Total number
 unique    25311   184  1212
Mean((I)/sd(I)) 19.2  52.7   2.0
Mn(I) half-set correlation CC(1/2) 1.000 1.000 0.740
Completeness   100.0  99.4
 100.0
Multiplicity    12.3  10.0  12.3

If I take improved resolution cut-off (1.6A, 1.57A), the I/sig(I) and CC1/2 
in the outermost shell are lower, and the R-merge,meas,pim are higher. No 
resolution cut-off was used while integrating the data (imosflm), only a mask 
for the beam stop was used.


looking forward to your suggestions,
thanking you,
sreetama

[ccp4bb] (high) values of R-factors in outermost resolution shell

2014-06-02 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
  What are reasonable values of Rmerge in the outermost resolution 
shell? 


Some of the recent discussions suggest going to those sheels where I/sig(I) 
~2 and CC1/2 = 0.5. But I am getting Rmerge  Rmeas  1 in the outermost shell 
for those values of I/sig(I) and CC1/2, and I don't think that makes any 
sense. Reducing the resolution cut-off while data reduction  scaling (aimless) 
reduces the R-values, but I am not sure how much I should reduce the resolution 
(if at all). 

Following are the results from the aimless log file:
At a resolution cut-off of 1.62A:
   Overall  InnerShell  OuterShell
Low resolution limit   42.12 42.12  1.65
High resolution limit   1.62  8.87  1.62

Rmerge  (within I+/I-) 0.071 0.019 1.325
Rmerge  (all I+ and I-)    0.074 0.020 1.381
Rmeas (within I+/I-)   0.078 0.021 1.446
Rmeas (all I+  I-)    0.077 0.022 1.441
Rpim (within I+/I-)    0.031 0.009 0.575
Rpim (all I+  I-) 0.022 0.007 0.410
Rmerge in top intensity bin    0.031    - - 
Total number of observations  311022  1839 14876
Total number unique    25311   184  1212
Mean((I)/sd(I)) 19.2  52.7   2.0
Mn(I) half-set correlation CC(1/2) 1.000 1.000 0.740
Completeness   100.0  99.4 100.0
Multiplicity    12.3  10.0  12.3

At 1.6A, the I/sig(I) and CC1/2 in the outermost shell are lower, and the 
R-merge,meas,pim are higher.

looking forward to your suggestions,
thanking you,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] verifying protein crystal content by mass spectrometry or SDS-PAGE

2014-05-02 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
   Is there any protocol for preparing a sample from 
(cleaning/dissolving) protein crystals for verifying their mass through mass 
spectrometry or SDS-PAGE? How many protein crystals are required? Should they 
all be from the same well, or can they be from different wells with slight 
changes in protein concentration/precipitant concentration/ pH? Should the 
crystals be cleaned with the reservoir solution and then dissolved in the 
protein buffer?


I am getting very thin, needle-like crystals which are too tiny for mounting. 
Adding Izit dye has also not been conclusive. Similar looking crystals have 
appeared in 3 conditions. Changing 
precipitant concentration, protein concentration, pH , and seeding have 
made no difference so far. I wish to determine whether the full protein is 
crystallizing, or only some fragment. The protein molecular weight is ~22KDa, 
and the crystals take ~3 weeks to grow. 


Thanks in advance,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] error in starting imosflm

2014-04-28 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
   Whenever I open up imosflm GUI from the terminal, I get the 
following error:

iMosflm version 7.1.1, 24th March 2014
ipmosflm is not compatible.
Please configure iMosflm with the correct executable.

clicking the Configure button at the bottom of the error message panel closes 
everything.
the following is shown on the  terminal:

MOSFLM_EXEC set to ipmosflm
testing MOSFLM_WISH (/home/*/Software/CCP4/ccp4-6.3.0/bin/wish)
Tcl platform is unix i686 Linux  3.8.0-32-generic
TclTk version from info patchlevel is 8.4.19
Tk windowing system is x11


I had run imosflm successfully just 2 hours before this instance. After that, I 
had enabled the older version of CCP4-6.3 (by sourcing it from the .bashrc 
file)  for sometime to look at the options in molrep (in CCP4-6.3), and then 
re-enabled the newer CCP4-6.4.
Enabling ccp4-6.3 from the .bashrc file  typing imosflm opens up the older 
7.0.1 version.

The option settingsenvironment variables is not working in the newer imosflm 
version now, changing the value in the GUI of the older version of imosflm 
doesn't help either.
I applied the latest CCP4 updates; that doesn't set things right.
 
Please let me know how to re-configure iMosflm to run with ccp4-6.4.

thanks  regards,
sreetama


Re: [ccp4bb] error in starting imosflm

2014-04-28 Thread sreetama das
Dear Sir,
  If I sorce ccp4-6.3, and then change in the bashrc file  source 
ccp4-6.4, (and source the modified .bashrc file in either case) but don't close 
the previous terminal, then opening imosflm gives the aforementioned error. 
After closing the imosflm GUI, if I type at the terminal, I get the following:


sreetama@sreetama-laptop:~/data $ $MOSFLM_EXEC
BFONT COLOR=#FF!--SUMMARY_BEGIN--
html !-- CCP4 HTML LOGFILE --
hr
!--SUMMARY_END--/FONT/B


  Mosflm version 7.0.9  for Image plate and CCD data 14th May 2012  
***
 Andrew Leslie and Harry Powell, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology,
 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
 E-mails: and...@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk, ha...@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk
 References:
 Mosflm: A.G.W. Leslie and H.R. Powell (2007), Evolving Methods for 
 Macromolecular Crystallography, 245, 41-51 ISBN 978-1-4020-6314-5
 New auto-indexing based on DPS: I. Steller R. Bolotovsky and M.G. Rossmann
 (1997) J. Appl. Cryst. 30, 1036-1040
 New iMosflm GUI:  T.G.G. Battye, L. Kontogiannis, O. Johnson, H.R. Powell 
 and A.G.W. Leslie.(2011) Acta Cryst. D67, 271-281)

 How much of this information is useful in diagnosing user problems?
  Mosflm run on Monday, April 28 2014 at 19:01 by sreetama
  Compiler command: gfortran
  Compiler version: GNU Fortran (GCC) 4.4.7 Copyright (C) 2010 Free 
Software Foundation, Inc. GNU Fortran comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent 
permitted by law. You may redistribute copies of GNU Fortran under the terms of 
the GNU General Public License. For more informatio
  Executable type:  ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 
(SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped
  This executable was built by ccb on Thursday, June 28 2012 at 09:33

 MOSFLM = 


Also the terminal refuses to close if I type exit. Forcibly closing the 
terminal , and typing imosflm in a new terminal solves the problem.
regards,
sreetama

On Monday, 28 April 2014 6:52 PM, Harry Powell ha...@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk wrote:
 
Hi

When you get this error, and everything has been closed, what do you get if 
you type (in the same terminal window that you tried to start iMosflm) - 

    $MOSFLM_EXEC

?

It's plain from the message that 

    ipmosflm is not compatible'

that iMosflm is trying to run with an incompatible MOSFLM_EXEC (maybe from the 
old ccp4 6.3 distribution, but there could be other reasons).


On 28 Apr 2014, at 13:05, sreetama das wrote:

 Dear All,
                Whenever I open up imosflm GUI from the terminal, I get the 
following error:
 
 iMosflm version 7.1.1, 24th March 2014
 ipmosflm is not compatible.
 Please configure iMosflm with the correct executable.
 
 clicking the Configure button at the bottom of the error message panel closes 
 everything.
 the following is shown on the  terminal:
 
 MOSFLM_EXEC set to ipmosflm
 testing MOSFLM_WISH (/home/*/Software/CCP4/ccp4-6.3.0/bin/wish)
 Tcl platform is unix i686 Linux  3.8.0-32-generic
 TclTk version from info patchlevel is 8.4.19
 Tk windowing system is x11
 
 
 I had run imosflm successfully just 2 hours before this instance. After that, 
 I had enabled the older version of CCP4-6.3 (by sourcing it from the .bashrc 
 file)  for sometime to look at the options in molrep (in CCP4-6.3), and then 
 re-enabled the newer CCP4-6.4.
 Enabling ccp4-6.3 from the .bashrc file  typing imosflm opens up the older 
 7.0.1 version.
 
 The option settingsenvironment variables is not working in the newer 
 imosflm version now, changing the value in the GUI of the older version of 
 imosflm doesn't help either.
 I applied the latest CCP4 updates; that doesn't set things right.
  
 Please let me know how to re-configure iMosflm to run with ccp4-6.4.
 
 thanks  regards,
 sreetama

Harry
--
** note change of address **
Dr Harry Powell, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, 
Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH
Chairman of European Crystallographic Association SIG9 (Crystallographic 
Computing) 

[ccp4bb] superposing multiple structural segments between two PDBs

2014-03-19 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
 Is there a way to superpose multiple, discontinuous stretches of 
residues between two protein chains ?

Dali output shows that there are discontinuous stretches between the PDBs that 
are being aligned. But I can not find any option to download the superposed 
PDB. The output generated from PDBefold (which gives link to the transformed 
PDB) is different.

regards,
sreetama


Re: [ccp4bb] preparation of citrate buffer pH3-6.5

2014-02-15 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
  Thank you for your replies:
2 different methods were suggested for the citrate buffer preparation over a 
small range of pH:
1. mixing citric acid with sodium citrate salts
2. mixing citric acid with NaOH

we found the latter method easier for our purpose.

[ccp4bb] preparation of citrate buffer pH3-6.5

2014-01-29 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,

           We have obtained many tiny protein crystals in a condition 
containing 0.1M citric acid pH 3.5, 2M ammonium sulfate. The crystals are too 
small for mounting in loops.

           We intend to vary the salt concentration  pH to obtain larger 
crystals.

           Could anyone direct us to some links, or provide us with a method 
(with calculations) to calculate the amounts of citric acid  trisodium citrate 
required to obtain buffers in a range of pH 3 - 6.5?
           I have come across online buffer calculators and links where the 
amounts of the components required are mentioned in grams, but none explaining 
how those values were arrived at.

Thanks  regards,
sreetama

Re: [ccp4bb] residues forming the surface of a cavity

2012-10-10 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
Sorry for the late reply.

I wish to compare binding pockets of some homologous proteins, a couple of 
which have a ligand bound, while the rest don't.


I wish to check if there is any difference in the nature of the cavity in the 
homologous proteins, e.g. properties like hydrophobicity, electrostatics, etc. 
But I also wish to determine exactly which residues are surfacing/lining the 
cavity.

Thanks and regards,
sreetama




 From: Francois Berenger beren...@riken.jp
To: CCP4BB@JISCMAIL.AC.UK 
Sent: Thursday, 4 October 2012 12:56 PM
Subject: Re: [ccp4bb] residues forming the surface of a cavity
 
On 10/04/2012 04:09 PM, sreetama das wrote:
 Dear all,
                Is there any CCP4 module/ other software/ web server
 which can determine which particular residues form the surface of a
 pocket/ binding-site in a protein?

Do you mean residues not far from any ligand atom?
And you know where is the ligand.

Or do you mean residues surfacing a pocket or cavity?

Regards,
F.

[ccp4bb] residues forming the surface of a cavity

2012-10-04 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
  Is there any CCP4 module/ other software/ web server which can 
determine which particular residues form the surface of a pocket/ binding-site 
in a protein?

Thanks in advance,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] suggestions for good yet cost-effective pipettes

2012-09-25 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
  We are planning to buy electronic dispensing pipette (single 
channel) and mechanical multi-channel pipette (8 channel) in the range 0.5 - 10 
ul in our lab.

Currently, we are considering IKA PRECISION pipettes.

It will be helpful if we can get feedback on how these pipettes work from labs 
which have used them, or any other relevant comments.

We are also open to looking at other options, provided they cost about 600 USD 
or less.

Thanks,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] to determine missing atoms and residues in a PDB file

2012-05-30 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
  I have a PDB file which does not have the REMARKS cards 465 (for 
missing residues) and 470 (for missing atoms). This is not a deposited PDB 
file. Is there any program to figure out the missing residues and atoms (some 
programs complain about missing atoms) ? Or do I have to check in any 
particular file generated during the processing of the diffraction data? The 
S2C program from Prof. Dunbrack's Lab does not show any option of uploading pdb 
files (this solution was mentioned to a previous query on the BB).
    Thanks in advance,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] residuewise rmsd for multiple chain superposition

2012-02-21 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
   Is there any software which will print the RMSDs (residue wise, and 
not chain wise) for more-than-2 chains (having similar/same sequences) 
superposed together?
Thanks in advance,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] pH optimisation for crystallisation

2012-02-07 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
   I have a 17 KDa protein that gives crystals in a condition that has 
0.1M bis-tris pH 6.5. The crystals are thin needle clusters and do not 
diffract. I have tried additives, but they haven't improved the crystals. I 
intend to vary the pH of the condition.
   My questions are-
1. should the buffer be kept the same or can it also be changed (as long as the 
desired pH is within the range of both the buffers)?
2. in case of a different buffer, should its molarity be the same as that of 
the original one in the crystallization condition?

regards,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] LSQKAB error: you have failed to find any atoms to fit

2012-02-03 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
 I am trying to superpose 2 chains from the same pdb file. I have 
generated 2 separate pdb files, each with one chain, using PDBSET.
When I run LSQKAB with the 2 generated files (on UBUNTU 10.04, ccp4 6.2) it 
fails to run. The 2 input files CONTAIN the columns for occupancies and 
B-factors. ( some old mails in the BB mention checking if these columns are 
present)

details of the error are:

OPEN FILES AS REQUESTED
opening coordinate file of model to be moved
Logical name: XYZIN2  File name :/abc/def/../../*2.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 1 for input
Matrices derived from CRYST1 CARD in COORDINATE FILE
                RF                                                RO
matrices .

logical name: XYZOUT filename: /abc/def/../../*12.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 2 for output

opening coordinate file of fixed model
logical name:XYZIN1 filename:/abc/def/../../*1.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 3 for input

MAtrices derived from cryst1 card in coord. file
            RF             RO
matrices...

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 7
logical name: RMSTAB, filename :/abc/def/../../*_rmstab.graph

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 8
logical name: DELTAS, filename: /abc/def/../../*_deltas.log

** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN WORKING SET**  0.0
** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN REFERENCE SET**  0.0
LSQKAB: ***ERROR - YOU HAVE FAILED TO FIND ANY ATOMS TO FIT ***
##

Any idea how to fix the problem?


Thanks in advance,
regards,
sreetama

[ccp4bb] LSQKAB error: you have failed to find any atoms to fit

2012-02-03 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
 I am trying to superpose 2 chains from the same pdb file. I have 
generated 2 separate pdb files, each with one chain, using PDBSET.
When I run LSQKAB with the 2 generated files (on UBUNTU 10.04, ccp4 6.2) it 
fails to run. The 2 input files CONTAIN the columns for occupancies and 
B-factors. ( some old mails in the BB mention checking if these columns are 
present)

details of the error
 are:

OPEN FILES AS REQUESTED
opening coordinate file of model to be moved
Logical name: XYZIN2  File name :/abc/def/../../*2.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 1 for input
Matrices derived from CRYST1 CARD in COORDINATE FILE
                RF                                                RO
matrices .

logical name: XYZOUT filename: /abc/def/../../*12.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 2 for output

opening coordinate file of fixed model
logical name:XYZIN1 filename:/abc/def/../../*1.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 3 for input

MAtrices derived from cryst1 card in coord. file
            RF             RO
matrices...

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 7
logical name: RMSTAB, filename :/abc/def/../../*_rmstab.graph

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 8
logical name: DELTAS, filename:
 /abc/def/../../*_deltas.log

** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN WORKING SET**  0.0
** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN REFERENCE SET**  0.0
LSQKAB: ***ERROR - YOU HAVE FAILED TO FIND ANY ATOMS TO FIT ***
##

Any idea how to fix the problem?


Thanks in advance,
regards,
sreetama

[ccp4bb] LSQKAB error: you have failed to find any atoms to fit

2012-02-03 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
 I am trying to superpose 2 chains from the same pdb file. I have 
generated 2 separate pdb files, each with one chain, using PDBSET.
When I run LSQKAB with the 2 generated files (on UBUNTU 10.04, ccp4 6.2) it 
fails to run. The 2 input files CONTAIN the columns for occupancies and 
B-factors. ( some old mails in the BB mention checking if these columns are 
present)

details of the error
 are:

OPEN FILES AS REQUESTED
opening coordinate file of model to be moved
Logical name: XYZIN2  File name :/abc/def/../../*2.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 1 for input
Matrices derived from CRYST1 CARD in COORDINATE FILE
                RF                                                RO
matrices .

logical name: XYZOUT filename: /abc/def/../../*12.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 2 for output

opening coordinate file of fixed model
logical name:XYZIN1 filename:/abc/def/../../*1.pdb
pdb file is being opened on unit 3 for input

MAtrices derived from cryst1 card in coord. file
            RF             RO
matrices...

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 7
logical name: RMSTAB, filename :/abc/def/../../*_rmstab.graph

FORMATTED    UNKNOWN file opened on unit 8
logical name: DELTAS, filename:
 /abc/def/../../*_deltas.log

** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN WORKING SET**  0.0
** ZERO OCCUPANCIES IN REFERENCE SET**  0.0
LSQKAB: ***ERROR - YOU HAVE FAILED TO FIND ANY ATOMS TO FIT ***
##

Any idea how to fix the problem?


Thanks in advance,
regards,
sreetama

[ccp4bb] to show multiple sequence alignment with sec. str.

2012-01-30 Thread sreetama das
Dear All,
 Is there any module in CCP4/ other related software/servers which 
can show a multiple alignment of homologous sequences from a protein family, 
together with their secondary structures?
Thanks in advance,
regards,
sreetama


[ccp4bb] check

2011-03-15 Thread sreetama das
check mail ...




[ccp4bb] use of beta-mercaptoethanol

2011-03-15 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
    I have a 20 KDa protein that has a single cysteine , about 42 
residues from the C - terminal . The protein aggregates during crystallisation 
setup (hanging drop, vapour diffusion ) . What ratio of protein and 
mercapto-ethanol should be used during trials to prevent aggregation and help 
in crystallisation ?
 Thanking in advance,





[ccp4bb] use of beta-mercaptoethanol in crystallization

2011-03-15 Thread sreetama das
Dear all,
    I have a 20 KDa protein that has a single cys residue , about 42 
residues from the C-terminal . The protein aggregates during crystallization 
setup ( hanging drop vapour diffusion) . What ratio of protein and 
mercaptoethanol is to be used to avoid aggregation and help in crystallization ?
   Thanking in advance,
   Sreetama