Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[Charlie Gibbs]

On 2024-04-22 16:50, Jeffrey Walton wrote:


What are the old and new hard drive model numbers and specs?


The old drive is a Western Digital WD5000YS (500GB SATA).
The new drive is a Western Digital Red, WF40EFPX (4TB SATA).

If the old hard drive was spinning rust, it is acceptable to replace it 
with a solid state drive. I did it several times in the past. But 
nowadays a new machine usually (always?) comes with a SSD, so you 
usually don't need to upgrade for performance reasons.


Both drives are spinning rust.  I'm upgrading for the increased 
capacity, i.e. to store more MP3s and videos.


Many thanks to all who have replied.  When my schedule permits me to 
continue experimenting, I'm going to try copying /etc from the old drive 
to the new one.   I've already learned how _not_ to do this:


Boot from the new drive
$ su root
# cd /
# mv etc etc.ori
# rsync -av /mnt/backup/etc .

The second line makes the system fall over and makes logins impossible. 
It took a boot from the rescue CD to undo the damage, which fortunately 
was easy since the deadly step at least succeeded in backing up /etc.


Next time I'll do it while booted from the old drive.

--
/~\  Charlie Gibbs  |  "Some of you may die,
\ /|  but it's a sacrifice
 X   I'm really at ac.dekanfrus |  I'm willing to make."
/ \  if you read it the right way.  |-- Lord Farquaad (Shrek)

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Max Nikulin]

On 23/04/2024 00:49, Thomas Schmitt wrote:

This aims at an undocumented habit of EFI implementations to look in
any FAT filesystem for a \EFI\BOOT directory with a suitable BOOT*.EFI
file and to start it, if found.
(Officially documented is to look in FAT filesystems of partitions with
MBR type 0xEF or GPT type GUID C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B.)


Out of curiosity, does the requirement of specific GUID exist for 
removable drives? A USB drive may be formatted without partition table.


I am in doubts if any user will really benefit from UEFI implementations 
strictly following the spec. Making a bootable media is harder for 
regular users, chance of unintentional action is low, it is unlikely an 
obstacle for attackers trying to force users to boot a compromised image.



So just mount the ISO:
and copy its content to the mounted USB stick.


7z and bsdtar can extract content of ISO files without mounting images.

Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[Jeffrey Walton]

On Mon, Apr 22, 2024 at 5:03 AM Charlie Gibbs  wrote:

> I should probably be posting this to the Steam forums, but
> most of the denizens there are Windows people so I might be
> better off letting you Debian gurus have a go at it first.
>
> TL;DR: Copying an existing /home into a fresh Debian installation
> causes audio in Steam games to glitch - but all other sound is OK.
>
> Full description:
>
> I have a machine in the living room that stores MP3s and videos
> and serves them to other machines on our network as well as playing
> them locally on our TV's big screen.  I also play a few Steam games
> (e.g. Portal) on it.  It's a 2007-vintage machine, but it has 8GB
> of RAM and enough CPU power to do the job, and runs the latest
> version of Bookworm.
>
> Recently I decided to upgrade its storage capacity, and replaced
> its 500GB hard drive (which was pretty large at the time I bought
> it) with a 4TB drive.  I did an install from scratch using a
> network install CD, then copied my /home partition (using rsync)
> from the old drive.  Everything works great with one exception:
> when I fire up Portal the sound gets glitches about once a second.
> This only happens with Steam games; I can play MP3s and videos
> with mpv and the sound is perfect, as it is when watching YouTube
> videos.  If I swap the old drive back in everything is fine.
>
> Obviously my Steam programs and configuration files are in my
> home directory, since the updated system comes up icons and all
> without re-installing Steam, and can find everything it needs to
> run the games.  But perhaps there are a few files somewhere else
> (/usr?) containing information critical to audio for Steam.
>
> Any ideas?
>

What are the old and new hard drive model numbers and specs?

If the old hard drive was spinning rust, it is acceptable to replace it
with a solid state drive. I did it several times in the past. But nowadays
a new machine usually (always?) comes with a SSD, so you usually don't need
to upgrade for performance reasons.

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[Th.A.C]

Le 22/04/2024 à 20:20, ajh-valmer a écrit :

>
> Je voulais juste l'expérience d'un possesseur d'une imprimante "Tank".
> Je connais tous les aléas des imprimantes cartouches à jet d'encre
> et laser, j'en ai eu des dizaines, en plus je les avais donnés :
> 1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
> 2) Laser (chère si couleurs)...
> Réponses reçues inutiles.

Un peu de gentillesse pour des gens qui essayent de te répondre et qui 
ne méritent pas ces remarques désagréables...



Le web est plein d'articles qui parlent des imprimantes 'tank'.

En avantage: principalement le coût de l'encre et donc gros tirages.

En désavantages:
- un coût à l'achat plus important, ce qui veut dire qu'il faut un 
minimum de pages imprimées par mois pour amortir la différence (j'ai vu 
des chiffres comme 55 pages/mois)

- et probablement les mêmes inconvénients que le jet d'encre classique.


Bien sur, tout dépend de la technologie employée et de la qualité.

Dans les collèges, j'ai vu apparaître des photocopieurs avec un coût à 
la page (les machines sont 'louées' avec un quota de pages mensuelles) 
similaire voir moins cher que le laser.
Comme ce sont des fabricants bien connus, je suppose que c'est aussi 
fiable ou que tout au moins ça ne leur coûte pas plus cher à l'entretien.
Mais c'est du matériel pro, donc pas au même niveau de fiabilité/qualité 
que le matériel pour les particuliers.
Il me semble aussi que ça leur coûte bien moins cher à fabriquer qu'une 
imprimante laser.



Pour montrer un ex. de différence en matériel pro et 'pas pro', j'ai 
installé dans ma boite il y a une quinzaine d'années des traceur A0 à 
jet d'encre.

Ils étaient utilisés pour sortir des plans ou des affiches pleines en A0.

Ils étaient livrés avec un kit de nettoyage très bien fait qui 
comportait une tampon de nettoyage avec un réservoir pour le liquide de 
nettoyage.
Les têtes étaient très accessible (tournées vers le haut) ainsi que la 
partie ou se mettent les têtes au repos.


Même quand le traceur n'avait pas tourné pendant plusieurs mois, on 
arrivait toujours à faire repartir les têtes grâce à ce kit et à 
l'accessibilité des têtes

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

On Monday 22 April 2024 20:43:48 Michel wrote:
> Le 22/04/2024 à 20:20, ajh-valmer a écrit :
> > Je voulais juste l'expérience d'un possesseur d'une imprimante "Tank".
> > Je connais tous les aléas des imprimantes cartouches à jet d'encre
> > et laser, j'en ai eu des dizaines, en plus je les avais donnés :
> > 1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
> > 2) Laser (chère si couleurs)...
> > Réponses reçues inutiles.
> 
> Tu es un peu lourd! Pourquoi ne pas poser tes questions sur un forum
> matériel, plutôt que logiciel linux ( là où ça n'a rien à voir )?
> De plus, quand quelqu'un tente de te donner quelques éléments de
> réponse, aussitôt tu réponds, comme ici:
> "Réponses reçues inutiles"
> Relis-toi avant de poster ! :

J'ai bien relu avant de poster.
Je ne voulais pas polluer la ML sur cet HS,
j'ai donc reprécisé ma requête.

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Mon, Apr 22, 2024 at 05:02:09PM -0400, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> >> > Do you have any suggestion as to which list would be better to contact?
> >> > Original: https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2024/04/msg00324.html
> >> Maybe `reportbug debian-installer`?
> > but perhaps without all the deception crap, unless you really mean
> > to impugn the developers' motives.
> 
> Yup, better try to make the developers/maintainers your friends, so you
> may get them to do something with which they disagree just to make you
> happy, rather than refuse to do something out of spite, even tho they
> know it's right.
> 

Hi Stefan,

As you say, there are ways to get the developers to pay attention to
you. One of them, at least, is to be constructive and to assume good
faith. Developers will often take the best technical solution rather
than doing it "just to make you happy".

Rarely do developers do something out of spite though there may be
massive technical disagreements. It's probably worth remembering 
that Debian developers are also users of Debian - and that we're 
all more or less on the same side.

Imputation of bad faith (or snarky comments) don't help either the 
person commented on or the reputation of the commenter, necessarily.

With every good wish, as ever,

Andrew Cater
[amaca...@debian.org]

> 
> Stefan
> 

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Stefan Monnier]

>> > Do you have any suggestion as to which list would be better to contact?
>> > Original: https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2024/04/msg00324.html
>> Maybe `reportbug debian-installer`?
> but perhaps without all the deception crap, unless you really mean
> to impugn the developers' motives.

Yup, better try to make the developers/maintainers your friends, so you
may get them to do something with which they disagree just to make you
happy, rather than refuse to do something out of spite, even tho they
know it's right.


Stefan

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Reid]

Andrew M.A. Cater  wrote:
> That's probably a bug in Calamares. I checked with one of the live cd 
> maintainers on this. As has been pointed out, the live cd is really
> intended more for checking than for major use but it does need some work.
> If you found the non-free components - where were they - under the /firmware
> directory?


Thank you for the very helpful reply Andrew.

I always use Debian's "Graphical Installer" option.
I'm not sure what Calamares is, but will look into it.

However, I will also re-word what I now believe to be the primary issue
here into a more succinct message, figure out how to add line-wrap, 
and re-submit to a more appropriate list.

Thank you for everyone's helpful replies. Despite what one person 
said about not taking me seriously, I believe there's an important 
problem here, and that fixing it will be a good thing 
for the Debian project.

Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[Stefan Monnier]

> Recently I decided to upgrade its storage capacity, and replaced
> its 500GB hard drive (which was pretty large at the time I bought
> it) with a 4TB drive.  I did an install from scratch using a
> network install CD, then copied my /home partition (using rsync)
> from the old drive.
[...]
> (Side question: is this an acceptable way to upgrade a hard drive?)

It's acceptable enough that we'll keep talking to you.  

Personally, assuming the 500GB drive was basically full, I suspect I'd
have just done a `dd` copy of the 500GB drive to the new drive, followed
by a quick `gparted` run to resize on-the-fly the partitions (in order
to get access to the extra 3.5GB).

> Everything works great with one exception:
> when I fire up Portal the sound gets glitches about once a second.
> This only happens with Steam games; I can play MP3s and videos
> with mpv and the sound is perfect, as it is when watching YouTube
> videos.  If I swap the old drive back in everything is fine.

I suspect the difference is that the Steam games keep your machine very
busy whereas playing a video isn't nearly as demanding, so the machine
ends up too busy to refill the sound buffer before its empty.

As for why this happens with the new disk and not with the old
disk, ...
AFAICT it can be either due to the new install such as a difference in
the configuration and/or installed software (e.g. one using pulseaudio
and the other pipewire), or due to the new hardware, presumably because
some operations are slower.

Can you boot with both disks connected?  If so, can you try to boot off
of the 500GB and then use the /home from the 4TB drive (and vice versa)?
I think you should be able to do that by booting to "rescue" where
(after entering the root password) you'd do something like

umount /home
mount /dev/the/other/home/partition /home
exit

I'd tend to think that a modern 4TB drive should be no slower than
a 500GB drive, no matter the operation, but maybe the new drive has
a particularly small cache, or maybe it's shingled and the Steam game
makes a fair amount of writes to the disk which ends up affecting the
reads needed to fetch the next chunk of sound?


Stefan

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Reid]

- Original message -
From: Curt 
> On Mon, 22 Apr 2024, Curt wrote:
>
>> How can you be taken seriously when you can't even wrap your lines
>> according to our venerable guidelines?
>> Get a popular setting going, buddy.
>>
>> And, though it's true I extolled Proust recently, being succinct with
>> well-wrapped lines is the height of mailing-list sophistication (unless
>> your Marcel, which you ain't).
>
>The Debian mailing list guidelines (for our less supple intellects).


1. Disregard important suggestions of newcomers who don't line wrap.
2. Bombastically tell them they don't have supple intellects.
Are those part of the mailing list guidelines, Curt? 

I'm sorry I irked you so much Curt, but you don't have to be rude.
It was the first time I've ever messaged a Debian list, 
and it's been years since I've had to set line-wrap.

"Let us be grateful to the people who make us happy; 
they are the charming gardeners who make our souls blossom."
― Marcel Proust

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[David Christensen]

On 4/22/24 06:00, Stephen P. Molnar wrote:
I am running Bookworm and cleaned up a couple of files too many 
resulting in a messed up Xfce Desktop. I decided that this would be a

 good time to reinstall the Bullseye.

I made a backup of my /home/comp directory using Deja-dup.

I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of 
Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on

the 1.0 TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly without
any warning or error messages.

I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise, 
found that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!???

This was also the case when I logged in user!!!???

I have been using computers in my work since the 1960, the era of the
 Hollerith Card and tape drives and Linux since early days of
Slackware and the Red Hat Mother's Day Edition. Now I am not a
computer expert but a Research Chemist.  I have installed Linux OS's
many times and consider Linux my primary computational platform. I
have never encountered the situation and have no ideas as to what is
going on.

I have been runnind Debian since Etch.

I would appreciate some insight into what might be going on.

Thanks in advance.

Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. https://insilicochemistry.net (614)312-7528
(c) Skype: smolnar1



On 4/22/24 09:34, Stephen P. Molnar wrote:

I did not want to revert to Bullseye, but to reinstall to Bookworm.


I suggest that you buy a good 16 GB USB flash drive and install Debian 
12 with Xfce onto it.  Having a working live USB stick is very useful 
for low-level disk drive chores such as examining, backing up, testing, 
repairing, restoring, wiping, etc..  Use it to:


1.  Ensure that you have a good backup of your 1 TB SSD.

2.  Make additional backups or archives of all or part of your 1 TB SSD. 
 Note the mantra: "Data does not exist unless it exists in three places".


3.  Wipe the SSD so that the Debian installer will see a blank disk and 
respond accordingly when you later install Debian onto the SSD.



Regarding copying a home directory from one OS installation to another 
OS installation, please see my comments on another thread:


https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2024/04/msg00336.html


Once you have logged in to your new account on your fresh install, I 
suggest that you restore your /home/comp backup to a subdirectory and 
manually copy/ move/ edit/ merge files and directories from the restore 
subdirectory into your fresh home directory.  Be very careful not to 
damage or delete anything needed by your fresh desktop or applications.



David

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Sun, Apr 21, 2024 at 11:31:03AM -0700, Reid wrote:
> Debian's policy change on non-free-firmware has made much of the Debian.org
> website very misleading, and some Debian OS installers have become very
> Free Software UNfriendly and deceptive. The following is my experience,
> and the reasons why I believe Debian must re-word their promotional web
> pages, and update all their installers to respect user choice regarding
> installation of non-free-firmware or not:

I respect your experience. I think Debian made strenuous efforts to
make the change, to publicise it, to hold an open vote. It was covered 
by a bunch of the tech press - it wasn't hidden in any way.

Others have pointed you to the resources on that.

> 
> I'm a 10+ year Debian user, and a longtime Free Software supporter. Two
> weeks ago I was shocked to discover 29 non-free components in the Debian
> desktop I'd been using for the last couple months. There hadn't been any
> opt-in or even a notice about Debian's major policy change during the
> installation process (I use the Debian installer via the Live images),
> so I was completely unaware.
> 

That's probably a bug in Calamares. I checked with one of the live cd 
maintainers on this. As has been pointed out, the live cd is really
intended more for checking than for major use but it does need some work.
If you found the non-free components - where were they - under the /firmware
directory?

> In my initial attempts to figure out what was going on, I also didn't find
> any prominent announcement of the major policy change on Debian.org's
> homepage. Moreover, the "Our Philosophy" and "Why Debian" homepage links
> still give the impression that Debian is Free-Software-Friendly. That's 
> extremely misleading now (automatically installing 29 non-free components 
> with neither permission nor warning is not Free Software friendly).
> 

Debian *is* Free software friendly: the manufacturers aren't and the non-free
firmware included is to allow people to actually install Debian. The project
deliberately split the firmware out into a new repository, tagged as non-free
and gave instructions as to what that was. The Project doesn't recommend
the use of other non-free software but retains that repository separately for
those that want to use it.

> If Debian is going to continue promoting itself with those "Our Philosophy"
> and "Why Debian" pages, there should at least be opt-ins during the
> installation process of every Debian download, as well as prominent warnings
> of the new policy on the download pages. Until that's done, the
> "Our Philosophy" and "Why Debian" pages (and perhaps others) should be
> re-worded so as to not be so misleading.
>

The philosophy remains the same: there is an option during installation
and there are explicit opt-ins to each repository that gets added to 
/etc/apt/sources.list or equivalent. If you *really* want to check,
do an expert install of Debian which includes the lowest priority questions
that can generally be omitted in a standard install.
 
> I was disappointed to eventually read of Debian's "vote"
> on non-free-firmware. Though I do understand the desire to make Debian more
> friendly to new users, doing so by misleading and alienating many existing
> users doesn't make a lot of sense IMO:
>

The vote was as standard vote via General Resolution not just a "vote".
Doing this has allowed some new users to install Debian. Visually impaired
users may need non-free firmware just to be able to hear the installer: 
others may need WiFi to work - not all machines now have Ethernet available.
 
> After reading of this change, I then spent the next week trying to figure
> out how to re-install Debian without the non-free firmware. That's when I
> discovered that Debian has suddenly become very Free-Software-UNfriendly.
> Even when I used the "firmware=never" method on the Debian installer
> (Live image dvd), the 29 non-free components were still installed! Without
> warning. That "firmware=never" method is what Debian.org itself is
> recommending (on a rather deep link sadly), but it doesn't even work!
> 

See above: this may be a consequence of using the live DVD

> So I eventually abandoned that longtime favorite method of installing my
> preferred desktop, and switched to the NON-Live DVD installation... But
> then discovered that using "firmware=never" method there also blocks
> FREE-firmware that used to get installed. So now my Wifi adapter didn't
> work, whereas it always worked with Debian 11/Bullseye and earlier
> installations.

Which chipset, please? If you installed the free firmware package, what
changed?

> 
> Ultimately it took me about a week, and about a dozen Debian Bookworm 
> re-installations, and even hiring a developer, to get an installation via DVD 
> that was similar to what was previously installed by default. I've provided 
> some tips below to others who are struggling. However, Debian needs to change 
> all it's installers to 

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Luis Muñoz Fuente wrote:
> I assume the problem is the debian link, which points to the same directory:
> $ ls -l tmp/debian
> lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user 1 Apr 22 20:47 tmp/debian -> .
> and creates a loop,

That's not a link loop, because "." is not a symbolic link.
But if a tree traversal is instructed to follow symbolic links, then the
traversal becomes endless recursion which is quite equivalent to an
endless loop.

I guess it would work better with zip option --symlinks.
But FAT cannot represent symbolic links. So in the FAT filesystem you will
possibly need at least one layer of duplication to emulate the link.
I.e. a copy of the whole file tree which is accessible via /debian. In
that copy there will probably be no need for another tree under
/debian/debian.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Teclat catala i accents volats

[Josep M. Ferrer]

A veure, jo tinc un portàtil amb un entorn molt semblat, tot i que el 
teclat és en anglès: Debian 12, KDE, Wayland.


A l'Arranjament del sistema - Dispositius d'entrada -> Teclat, tinc el 
model de teclat «Generic | PC genèric de 104 tecles». Com que la meva 
disposició és en anglès, a la pestanya Disposicions tinc un mapa US, 
disposició Anglès (EUA), variant Anglès (EUA, intl. amb tecles mortes)


I les vocals accentuades em funcionen correctament.

Si tens una distribució de teclat en espanyol, crec que t'hauria de 
funcionar correctament indicant que tens un mapa ES amb Espanyol i 
variant «Català (Espanya, L amb punt volat)».


A veure si així funciona.

Salut,

Josep M. Ferrer


El 22/4/24 a les 14:41, Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura ha escrit:


Bon dia, Joan,

 1. Ni a terminal ni a l'entorn gràfic, les tecles d'accent tancat,
obert o dièresi fan res sobre les vocals
 2. La tecla ALTGR funciona bé i em dona caràcters alternatius amb
quasi totes les tecles:
€[]|@#~½¬{[]}\\@ſ€@@@ſ€¶ŧ←↓→øþ[]]}}}æßðđŋħĸħĸŀ{{{«»¢¢„„“”““””¢¢„“”µ••··
tant a l'entorn gràfic com al terminal (konsole)
 3. Ja et dic que a tots els entorns
 4. He creat un nou usuari i tampoc apareixen els accents

Et dona alguna pista?

Salut i gracies.

Xavier De Yzaguirre
xdeyzaguirre(at)gmail(dot)com
+34 629 953 830
El 18/4/24 a les 16:45, Joan Montané ha escrit:



Missatge de Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura  del 
dia dc., 10 d’abr. 2024 a les 13:49:


Bon dia,

Fa uns dies que no trobo els accents, he reconfigurat els
locales, pero no hi ha forma de poder escriure una vocal accentuada.

Utilitzo un portatil msi configurat amb el teclat generic de 86
tecles


Hola,

Algunes preguntes per a intentar esbrinar què passa i quina pot ser 
la causa del problema:


- Què passa si escrius "accent obert"+a? Apareix «`a» o només «a»?
-  La tecla AltGR funciona bé? P. ex. AltGr+e genera €?
- Et passa només en mode gràfic o també en terminal pur?
- Has provat amb un altre usuari? Permetria acotar el problema al teu 
perfil.


Alguna vegada, fa temps, havia tingut problemes amb el mètode 
d'entrada («input method»)
Aleshores ho vaig arreglar "tornant" a ibus, però ja fa molt de temps 
i no sé ni com ho tinc ni quin és l'estàndard (suposo que XIM).
Una mica de context: 
https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard#Modern_keyboard_configuration_.28IM.29


En fi, espero que el problema estigui relacionat amb el teu perfil 
d'usuari, seria més fàcil de corregir ;)


Salut!
Joan Montané

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[Michel]

Le 22/04/2024 à 20:20, ajh-valmer a écrit :

> Je voulais juste l'expérience d'un possesseur d'une imprimante "Tank".
> Je connais tous les aléas des imprimantes cartouches à jet d'encre
> et laser, j'en ai eu des dizaines, en plus je les avais donnés :
> 1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
> 2) Laser (chère si couleurs)...
> Réponses reçues inutiles.

Tu es un peu lourd! Pourquoi ne pas poser tes questions sur un forum
matériel, plutôt que logiciel linux ( là où ça n'a rien à voir )?

De plus, quand quelqu'un tente de te donner quelques éléments de
réponse, aussitôt tu réponds, comme ici:
"Réponses reçues inutiles"

Relis-toi avant de poster !

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Luis Muñoz Fuente]

I assume the problem is the debian link, which points to the same directory:
$ ls -l tmp/debian
lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user 1 Apr 22 20:47 tmp/debian -> .
and creates a loop, I guess that's also why if I compress with:
zip -r debian.zip tmp
It never ends but from the graphical environment it does compress well, 
because it will not pay attention to the recursive link.

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Luis Muñoz Fuente]

El 22/4/24 a las 20:25, Thomas Schmitt escribió:

Hard to say if you do not show what you do in particular.


Yes, sorry.

$ du debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso
644100  debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso

# mount debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso /mnt
mount: /mnt: ATENCIÓN: el dispositivo está protegido contra escritura; 
se monta como sólo lectura.


$ du -s /mnt
764031  /mnt

$ cp -r /mnt/. ~/tmp

$ du -s ~/tmp
767072  /home/usuario/tmp

From the Files program, right click properties on the tmp folder:
1.576 elementos, 783,1 MB en total

Now I go into the tmp folder, select everything, right click properties:
3.140 elementos, 1,6 GB en total

but with pcmanfm I always see the size of 749.1 MiB (785,448,960 bytes), 
so it seems that Files does not show me the information well.


Thanks

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Luis Muñoz Fuente wrote:
> why does extracting the files from the debian iso increase the
> size so much?

Hard to say if you do not show what you do in particular.


In general an increase of about 120 MB is to be expected because of
expansion of hardlinks:

  $ du debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso
  643076  debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso
  $ sudo mount debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso /mnt/iso
  mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
  $ du -s /mnt/iso
  762497  /mnt/iso

The bulk of duplication is with directory trees /firmware and
/pool/non-free-firmware . Some is with kernels and initrds.


> When I take a folder that occupies 5 GiB and with mkisofs I create an iso
> file, it still occupies 5 GiB.

Not if your disk filesystem supports sparse files and your files contain
substantial areas of unwritten bytes. In that case the ISO will be larger.

> And if I later extract the files it takes up 5 GiB again,

Not if there was a substantial amount of hardlink siblings among your
input files. mkisofs will store them with shared content but Linux will
represent them as independent files.

But an increase of an amd64 netinst ISO from 659 to 1500 MB cannot be
explained by hardlinks alone. Maybe you put it into the ZIP archive
twice ?


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

On Monday 22 April 2024 18:54:40 k6dedi...@free.fr wrote:
> J'utilise des imprimantes depuis plus de 40 ans.
> J'ai eu de nombreuses imprimantes jet d'encre et laser. 
> (Je ne parle pas des matricielles du début. ;))) 
> Les deux problèmes que j'ai avec les jets d'encre sont : séchage 
> en cas de non utilisation prolongée (6 à 8 semaines) et non résistance 
> de l'encre à l'humidité. En effet si un liquide atteint la feuille imprimée,
> l'encre est délavée et baveuse au point de rendre l'écriture illisible.   
> Je n'ai aucun problème avec la laser après 8 semaines sans utilisation.
> Actuellement, j'ai deux imprimantes EPSON WF−2760 (c'est une jet d'encre) 
> et HP Color Laserjet CP5225. 
> Pour les documents à usage éphémère interne j'utilise l'EPSON, 
> mais le coût à la feuille est plus cher que la HP. 
> Suite à une mise à jour qui m'a planté, j'ai dû tout réinstaller. 
> Je n'ai eu aucun problème avec la HP, avec l'EPSON le problème n'est
> toujours pas résolu.  
> Les fichiers fournis ne contiennent pas ce qu'ils annonce comme pilote.
> Voilà mon retour d'expérience.
> Cassis

Je voulais juste l'expérience d'un possesseur d'une imprimante "Tank".
Je connais tous les aléas des imprimantes cartouches à jet d'encre
et laser, j'en ai eu des dizaines, en plus je les avais donnés :
1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
2) Laser (chère si couleurs)...
Réponses reçues inutiles.

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Luis Muñoz Fuente]

El 22/4/24 a las 19:49, Thomas Schmitt escribió:

Hi,


Thanks for the reply. My question is rather why the size increases so 
much. When I take a folder that occupies 5 GiB and with mkisofs I create 
an iso file, it still occupies 5 GiB. And if I later extract the files 
it takes up 5 GiB again, why does extracting the files from the debian 
iso increase the size so much?

Re: bootable pendrive from zip file

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Luis Muñoz Fuente wrote:
> I recently used clonezilla and followed these instructions:
> https://clonezilla.org/liveusb.php#linux-setup

The variation for "uEFI", i assume.

This aims at an undocumented habit of EFI implementations to look in
any FAT filesystem for a \EFI\BOOT directory with a suitable BOOT*.EFI
file and to start it, if found.
(Officially documented is to look in FAT filesystems of partitions with
MBR type 0xEF or GPT type GUID C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B.)


> I have tried to transform the debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso file into zip
> but the size has gone from 659 MiB to 1.5 GiB, [...]
> Does anyone know why this happens.

To get an answer you will have to show what you did and where you
measured the resulting size (as ZIP archive file or on the USB stick ?).


But i don't think that intermediate storage as ZIP is needed at all.

The make-bootable-by-copy trick depends on /EFI/BOOT and BOOT*.EFI files
being in the ISO or ZIP archive. A Debian netinst ISO filesystem for amd64
contains an unpacked copy of its EFI boot partition files.
(Others do too, thanks to the relentless proselytization of Pete Batard,
 the developer of program Rufus.)

So just mount the ISO:

  $ sudo mount debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso /mnt/iso
  mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

and copy its content to the mounted USB stick.
You will perceive about 100 MB increase in size, because Linux does not
represent the hardlinks in the ISO which save some space.

The result is supposed to boot where a Clonezilla stick boots after it
was made by unpacking the ZIP archive.
Another question is how far the programs in a Debian netinst ISO are
prepared to run from a FAT filesystem and to find their files in it.

Your mileage may vary.


Illustration: The two copies of the \EFI\BOOT directory in a netinst ISO

  $ sudo mount debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso /mnt/iso
  $ find /mnt/iso/EFI/boot
  /mnt/iso/EFI/boot
  /mnt/iso/EFI/boot/bootia32.efi
  /mnt/iso/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi
  /mnt/iso/EFI/boot/grubia32.efi
  /mnt/iso/EFI/boot/grubx64.efi
  $ mount /mnt/iso/boot/grub/efi.img /mnt/fat
  $ find /mnt/fat/efi/boot | sort
  /mnt/fat/efi/boot
  /mnt/fat/efi/boot/bootia32.efi
  /mnt/fat/efi/boot/bootx64.efi
  /mnt/fat/efi/boot/grubia32.efi
  /mnt/fat/efi/boot/grubx64.efi
  $


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

bootable pendrive from zip file

[Luis Muñoz Fuente]

Hello:
I recently used clonezilla and followed these instructions:

https://clonezilla.org/liveusb.php#linux-setup

to create a bootable pendrive from a zip file. What I liked about this 
method is that I can continue saving data on the pendrive and if I want 
to delete clonezilla I just have to delete it normally, without the need 
to format.


The usual method of creating a pendrive to install debian is:

https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch04s03.en.html#usb-copy-isohybrid

but this way I can't write more files to the pendrive, unless I format 
the empty space. And when I want to delete the installation from the 
pendrive I have to use fdisk and mkfs.


I have tried to transform the debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso file into 
zip but the size has gone from 659 MiB to 1.5 GiB, when with clonezilla 
both take up the same size. This increase in size makes it take longer 
to copy the data to the pendrive.

Does anyone know why this happens.
Thanks in advance.

Re : [HS] choix imprimante

[k6dedijon]

Bonjour,
J'utilise des imprimantes depuis plus de 40 ans.
J'ai eu de nombreuses imprimantes jet d'encre et laser. (Je ne parle pas des 
matricielles du début. ;)))
Les deux problèmes que j'ai avec les jets d'encre sont : séchage en cas de non 
utilisation prolongée (6 à 8 semaines) et non résistance de l'encre à 
l'humidité. En effet si un liquide atteint la feuille imprimée, l'encre est 
délavée et baveuse au point de rendre l'écriture illisible.
Je n'ai aucun problème avec la laser après 8 semaines sans utilisation.
Actuellement, j'ai deux imprimantes EPSON WF−2760 (c'est une jet d'encre) et HP 
Color Laserjet CP5225.
Pour les documents à usage éphémère interne j'utilise l'EPSON, mais le coût à 
la feuille est plus cher que la HP.
Suite à une mise à jour qui m'a planté, j'ai dû tout réinstaller. Je n'ai eu 
aucun problème avec la HP, avec l'EPSON le problème n'est toujours pas résolu.
Les fichiers fournis ne contiennent pas ce qu'ils annonce comme pilote.

Voilà mon retour d'expérience.
Cassis



- Mail d'origine -
De: ajh-valmer 
À: debian-user-french@lists.debian.org
Envoyé: Mon, 22 Apr 2024 11:59:16 +0200 (CEST)
Objet: [HS] choix imprimante

Bonjour,
Comme vous le savez, ils existent 3 types d'imprimantes :
1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
2) Laser (chère si couleurs),
3) Réservoir d'encre dite "Tank" (remplissage par bouteilles encre) :
Avez vous une expérience, donc un avis sur le choix 3 ?
Est-ce que l'encre peut sécher dans la tête d'impression
comme celles à jet d'encre, autres inconvénients... ?

Merci d'avance, bonne journée.

ajh. Valmer

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Curt]

On 2024-04-22, Nate Bargmann  wrote:
>
> I endure this on many other mailing lists unrelated to Debian,
> particularly from groups.io that have a Web interface.

It's a violation of Debian mailing list posting rules, guidelines, and
tips.

It irks me that in certain cases these guidelines are evoked with
a supercilious alacrity, and at other times not at all, leading me to
believe in the inherent bias of the rule-makers.
>
>

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[Stephen P. Molnar]

On 04/22/2024 11:03 AM, debian-u...@howorth.org.uk wrote:

Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote:

On 22 Apr 2024 09:00 -0400, from s.mol...@sbcglobal.net (Stephen P.
Molnar):

I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of
Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on
the 1.0 TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly
without any warning or error messages.

I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise,
found that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!???
This was also the case when I logged in user!!!???

It sounds to me like you intended to do a clean reinstall, but the
obvious question given the observed behavior is: did you actually do
that? For example, did you actually reformat (create file systems
anew)?

My guess would be that you installed _on top of_ the previous
installation rather than wiping and replacing it; so I'd start with
seeing if that hypothesis can be ruled out. An easy way might be to
check /var/cache/apt/archives and look for old linux-image .deb files.
If it's a freshly installed system, there should only be one or two,
likely at 6.1.0-20 for Bookworm. If you see any kernel older than
6.1.0-18, those are remnants from a previous installation (Debian 12.5
shipped with kernel ABI 6.1.0-18
.)

He said he wanted to revert to Bullseye rather than Bookworm, so it's
to be expected that there will be older kernels, if that's really what
he meant and what he did. But as you say, without a clear statement of
the intent and the actions taken it's difficult to be sure.


I did not want to revert to Bullseye, but to reinstall to Bookworm.

--
Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D.
https://insilicochemistry.net
(614)312-7528 (c)
Skype:  smolnar1

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Nate Bargmann]

* On 2024 22 Apr 09:39 -0500, Curt wrote:
> On 2024-04-21, Reid  wrote:
> > You seem to be suggesting that Debian users now need to read XX pages of 
> > release notes and guides in order to learn that what they're installing is 
> > not what the Debian.org homepage "Why Debian", "Our Philosophy", and "Who 
> > We Are / What We Do" pages are currently promoting Debian as.
> 
> How can you be taken seriously when you can't even wrap your lines
> according to our venerable guidelines?
> 
> https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMailingLists
> 
>  Set linewrap to 65-78 characters. 72 is a popular setting. 

Looking at the OP's headers I see:

X-Mailer: MessagingEngine.com Webmail Interface 

User-Agent: Cyrus-JMAP/3.11.0-alpha0-379-gabd37849b7-fm-20240408.001-gabd37849  


It appears our friend is using a Web browser and likely is presented
with a text box that looks all nice and neat with wrapping and all but
hits the list as one long line per paragraph.

> Get a popular setting going, buddy.

Until he sets up a real MUA, I doubt the formatting will improve.

I endure this on many other mailing lists unrelated to Debian,
particularly from groups.io that have a Web interface.

- Nate

-- 
"The optimist proclaims that we live in the best of all
possible worlds.  The pessimist fears this is true."
Web: https://www.n0nb.us
Projects: https://github.com/N0NB
GPG fingerprint: 82D6 4F6B 0E67 CD41 F689 BBA6 FB2C 5130 D55A 8819



signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[elguero eric]

je ne oonnais pas ces imprimantes
une encre liquide c'est toujours des pigments dans
un solvant, donc par nature ça a tendance à sécher.

e.e.







Le lundi 22 avril 2024 à 11:59:45 UTC+2, ajh-valmer  a 
écrit : 


Est-ce que l'encre peut sécher dans la tête d'impression

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[Michael Kjörling]

On 22 Apr 2024 16:03 +0100, from debian-u...@howorth.org.uk:
> He said he wanted to revert to Bullseye rather than Bookworm, so it's
> to be expected that there will be older kernels, if that's really what
> he meant and what he did. But as you say, without a clear statement of
> the intent and the actions taken it's difficult to be sure.

You're right. Except the reference to a Debian 12 ISO would definitely
be Bookworm, where 12.5 is current, so that part checks out.

At this point I'm guessing that the reference to Bullseye is a
mistake.

Hopefully it'll be a while before we have three consecutive releases
with codenames all beginning with the same letter (Buster, Bullseye,
Bookworm). I'm probably not the only one who's got them mixed up on
occasion. Bookworm / Trixie / Forky should be easier to keep apart.
Looking at Wikipedia's summary table it doesn't look like there has
otherwise been any _two_ consecutive releases (ignoring Sid) where the
codenames began with the same letter, much less three.

-- 
Michael Kjörling  https://michael.kjorling.se
“Remember when, on the Internet, nobody cared that you were a dog?”

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[debian-user]

Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote:
> On 22 Apr 2024 09:00 -0400, from s.mol...@sbcglobal.net (Stephen P.
> Molnar):
> > I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of
> > Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on
> > the 1.0 TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly
> > without any warning or error messages.
> > 
> > I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise,
> > found that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!???
> > This was also the case when I logged in user!!!???  
> 
> It sounds to me like you intended to do a clean reinstall, but the
> obvious question given the observed behavior is: did you actually do
> that? For example, did you actually reformat (create file systems
> anew)?
> 
> My guess would be that you installed _on top of_ the previous
> installation rather than wiping and replacing it; so I'd start with
> seeing if that hypothesis can be ruled out. An easy way might be to
> check /var/cache/apt/archives and look for old linux-image .deb files.
> If it's a freshly installed system, there should only be one or two,
> likely at 6.1.0-20 for Bookworm. If you see any kernel older than
> 6.1.0-18, those are remnants from a previous installation (Debian 12.5
> shipped with kernel ABI 6.1.0-18
> .)

He said he wanted to revert to Bullseye rather than Bookworm, so it's
to be expected that there will be older kernels, if that's really what
he meant and what he did. But as you say, without a clear statement of
the intent and the actions taken it's difficult to be sure.

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Curt]

On 2024-04-22, fxkl4...@protonmail.com  wrote:
> On Mon, 22 Apr 2024, Curt wrote:
>
>> On 2024-04-21, Reid  wrote:
>>> You seem to be suggesting that Debian users now need to read XX pages of 
>>> release notes and guides in order to learn that what they're installing is 
>>> not what the Debian.org homepage "Why Debian", "Our Philosophy", and "Who 
>>> We Are / What We Do" pages are currently promoting Debian as.
>>
>> How can you be taken seriously when you can't even wrap your lines
>> according to our venerable guidelines?
>>
>> https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMailingLists
>>
>> Set linewrap to 65-78 characters. 72 is a popular setting.
>>
>> Get a popular setting going, buddy.
>>
>> And, though it's true I extolled Proust recently, being succinct with
>> well-wrapped lines is the height of mailing-list sophistication (unless
>> your Marcel, which you ain't).
>>
>> Of course, it's also true these guidelines are never evoked with
>> anything approaching equanimity, so forget I even mentioned them.
>>
>
> mentioned what
>
The Debian mailing list guidelines (for our less supple intellects).


-- 

Re: Teclat catala i accents volats

[Ernest Adrogué]

2024-04-10, 13:49 (+0200); Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura escriu:
> Fa uns dies que no trobo els accents, he reconfigurat els locales, pero no
> hi ha forma de poder escriure una vocal accentuada.
> 
> Utilitzo un portatil msi configurat amb el teclat generic de 86 tecles

Pots mirar la sortida de xev -event keyboard

Et diu el codi de la tecla i el caràcter associat.  Si premo la tecla de
l'accent obert, i després la tecla "a" em diu

KeyPress event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x4e1,
root 0x6b5, subw 0x0, time 1388160400, (89,38), root:(640,473),
state 0x10, keycode 34 (keysym 0xfe50, dead_grave), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (60) "`"
XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes: 
XFilterEvent returns: True

KeyRelease event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x4e1,
root 0x6b5, subw 0x0, time 1388160472, (89,38), root:(640,473),
state 0x10, keycode 34 (keysym 0xfe50, dead_grave), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (60) "`"
XFilterEvent returns: False

KeyPress event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x4e1,
root 0x6b5, subw 0x0, time 1388162432, (89,38), root:(640,473),
state 0x10, keycode 38 (keysym 0x61, a), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (61) "a"
XmbLookupString gives 1 bytes: (61) "a"
XFilterEvent returns: True

KeyPress event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x4e1,
root 0x6b5, subw 0x0, time 1388162432, (89,38), root:(640,473),
state 0x10, keycode 0 (keysym 0xe0, agrave), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 0 bytes: 
XmbLookupString gives 2 bytes: (c3 a0) "à"
XFilterEvent returns: False

KeyRelease event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x4e1,
root 0x6b5, subw 0x0, time 1388162472, (89,38), root:(640,473),
state 0x10, keycode 38 (keysym 0x61, a), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (61) "a"
XFilterEvent returns: False


Sembla que surtin repetits però no, un bloc és "KeyPress" quan prems la
tecla, i l'altre "KeyRelease" quan deixes de prémer.

Em diu que tecla de l'accent obert genera el símbol "dead_grave" i la
tecla "a" genera el símbol "a", i els dos símbols combinats generen el
símbol "agrave".


Salutacions.

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[fxkl47BF]

On Mon, 22 Apr 2024, Curt wrote:

> On 2024-04-21, Reid  wrote:
>> You seem to be suggesting that Debian users now need to read XX pages of 
>> release notes and guides in order to learn that what they're installing is 
>> not what the Debian.org homepage "Why Debian", "Our Philosophy", and "Who We 
>> Are / What We Do" pages are currently promoting Debian as.
>
> How can you be taken seriously when you can't even wrap your lines
> according to our venerable guidelines?
>
> https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMailingLists
>
> Set linewrap to 65-78 characters. 72 is a popular setting.
>
> Get a popular setting going, buddy.
>
> And, though it's true I extolled Proust recently, being succinct with
> well-wrapped lines is the height of mailing-list sophistication (unless
> your Marcel, which you ain't).
>
> Of course, it's also true these guidelines are never evoked with
> anything approaching equanimity, so forget I even mentioned them.
>

mentioned what

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

> > Visiblement ici personne n'utilise une imprimante "tank"
> > à réservoirs :-)

On Monday 22 April 2024 16:13:21 Michel wrote:
> Et, de plus, une imprimante "tank" spécifique à Debian linux ? :
Comprends pas la question, beaucoup sont compatibles Linux.

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Curt]

On 2024-04-21, Reid  wrote:
> You seem to be suggesting that Debian users now need to read XX pages of 
> release notes and guides in order to learn that what they're installing is 
> not what the Debian.org homepage "Why Debian", "Our Philosophy", and "Who We 
> Are / What We Do" pages are currently promoting Debian as.

How can you be taken seriously when you can't even wrap your lines
according to our venerable guidelines?

https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMailingLists

 Set linewrap to 65-78 characters. 72 is a popular setting. 

Get a popular setting going, buddy. 

And, though it's true I extolled Proust recently, being succinct with
well-wrapped lines is the height of mailing-list sophistication (unless
your Marcel, which you ain't).

Of course, it's also true these guidelines are never evoked with
anything approaching equanimity, so forget I even mentioned them.

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[Michel]

Le 22/04/2024 à 14:40, ajh-valmer a écrit :
> On Monday 22 April 2024 13:59:28 David PINSON wrote:
>> Le 22/04/2024 à 13:45, hamster a écrit :
>>> Le 22/04/2024 à 12:19, David PINSON a écrit :
 pour les cartouches d'encre, je les achète en cartouches réutilisées 
 et contrôlées.
>>> Tu les achetes où ?
>> https://www.inkjet.fr/
> 
> Visiblement ici personne n'utilise une imprimante "tank"
> à réservoirs :-)

Et, de plus, une imprimante "tank" spécifique à Debian linux ?

Re: Strange New Installation Behavior

[Michael Kjörling]

On 22 Apr 2024 09:00 -0400, from s.mol...@sbcglobal.net (Stephen P. Molnar):
> I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of
> Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on the 1.0
> TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly without any warning or
> error messages.
> 
> I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise, found
> that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!??? This was also
> the case when I logged in user!!!???

It sounds to me like you intended to do a clean reinstall, but the
obvious question given the observed behavior is: did you actually do
that? For example, did you actually reformat (create file systems
anew)?

My guess would be that you installed _on top of_ the previous
installation rather than wiping and replacing it; so I'd start with
seeing if that hypothesis can be ruled out. An easy way might be to
check /var/cache/apt/archives and look for old linux-image .deb files.
If it's a freshly installed system, there should only be one or two,
likely at 6.1.0-20 for Bookworm. If you see any kernel older than
6.1.0-18, those are remnants from a previous installation (Debian 12.5
shipped with kernel ABI 6.1.0-18 .)

-- 
Michael Kjörling  https://michael.kjorling.se
“Remember when, on the Internet, nobody cared that you were a dog?”

Strange New Installation Behavior

[Stephen P. Molnar]

I am running Bookworm and cleaned up a couple of files too many 
resulting in a messed up Xfce Desktop. I decided that this would be a 
good time to reinstall the Bullseye.


I made a backup of my /home/comp directory using Deja-dup.

I downloaded and ran the 512 check sum on a copy of 
Debian-12.5.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso and ran the Graphical Install mode on the 
1.0 TD SSD on my Computer. The installation went smoothly without any 
warning or error messages.


I logged in as root to set up the Desktop and, much to my surprise, 
found that my previous Desktop configuration was still there!!??? This 
was also the case when I logged in user!!!???


I have been using computers in my work since the 1960, the era of the 
Hollerith Card and tape drives and Linux since early days of Slackware 
and the Red Hat Mother's Day Edition. Now I am not a computer expert but 
a Research Chemist.  I have installed Linux OS's many times and consider 
Linux my primary computational platform. I have never encountered the 
situation and have no ideas as to what is going on.


I have been runnind Debian since Etch.

I would appreciate some insight into what might be going on.

Thanks in advance.

Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. https://insilicochemistry.net (614)312-7528 (c) 
Skype: smolnar1

Re: Teclat catala i accents volats

[Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura]

Bon dia, Joan,

1. Ni a terminal ni a l'entorn gràfic, les tecles d'accent tancat,
   obert o dièresi fan res sobre les vocals
2. La tecla ALTGR funciona bé i em dona caràcters alternatius amb quasi
   totes les tecles:
   €[]|@#~½¬{[]}\\@ſ€@@@ſ€¶ŧ←↓→øþ[]]}}}æßðđŋħĸħĸŀ{{{«»¢¢„„“”““””¢¢„“”µ••··
   tant a l'entorn gràfic com al terminal (konsole)
3. Ja et dic que a tots els entorns
4. He creat un nou usuari i tampoc apareixen els accents

Et dona alguna pista?

Salut i gracies.

Xavier De Yzaguirre
xdeyzaguirre(at)gmail(dot)com
+34 629 953 830

El 18/4/24 a les 16:45, Joan Montané ha escrit:



Missatge de Xavier De Yzaguirre i Maura  del 
dia dc., 10 d’abr. 2024 a les 13:49:


Bon dia,

Fa uns dies que no trobo els accents, he reconfigurat els locales,
pero no hi ha forma de poder escriure una vocal accentuada.

Utilitzo un portatil msi configurat amb el teclat generic de 86 tecles


Hola,

Algunes preguntes per a intentar esbrinar què passa i quina pot ser la 
causa del problema:


- Què passa si escrius "accent obert"+a? Apareix «`a» o només «a»?
-  La tecla AltGR funciona bé? P. ex. AltGr+e genera €?
- Et passa només en mode gràfic o també en terminal pur?
- Has provat amb un altre usuari? Permetria acotar el problema al teu 
perfil.


Alguna vegada, fa temps, havia tingut problemes amb el mètode 
d'entrada («input method»)
Aleshores ho vaig arreglar "tornant" a ibus, però ja fa molt de temps 
i no sé ni com ho tinc ni quin és l'estàndard (suposo que XIM).
Una mica de context: 
https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard#Modern_keyboard_configuration_.28IM.29


En fi, espero que el problema estigui relacionat amb el teu perfil 
d'usuari, seria més fàcil de corregir ;)


Salut!
Joan Montané

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

On Monday 22 April 2024 13:59:28 David PINSON wrote:
> Le 22/04/2024 à 13:45, hamster a écrit :
> > Le 22/04/2024 à 12:19, David PINSON a écrit :
> >> pour les cartouches d'encre, je les achète en cartouches réutilisées 
> >> et contrôlées.
> > Tu les achetes où ?
> https://www.inkjet.fr/

Visiblement ici personne n'utilise une imprimante "tank"
à réservoirs :-)

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[David PINSON]

Le 22/04/2024 à 13:45, hamster a écrit :

Le 22/04/2024 à 12:19, David PINSON a écrit :
pour les cartouches d'encre, je les achète en cartouches réutilisées 
et contrôlées.


Tu les achetes où ?


https://www.inkjet.fr/

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[hamster]

Le 22/04/2024 à 12:19, David PINSON a écrit :
pour les cartouches d'encre, je 
les achète en cartouches réutilisées et contrôlées.


Tu les achete ou ?

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

Ça ne répond pas à ma question :-)
Je désire juste avoir un avis sur les imprimantes "tank"
à réservoir d'encres (cf mon mail ci-dessous : avis choix 3).

> Le 22/04/2024 à 11:59, ajh-valmer a écrit :
> > Comme vous le savez, ils existent 3 types d'imprimantes :
> > 1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
> > 2) Laser (chère si couleurs),
> > 3) Réservoir d'encre dite "Tank" (remplissage par bouteilles encre) :
> > Avez vous une expérience, donc un avis sur le choix 3 ?
> > Est-ce que l'encre peut sécher dans la tête d'impression
> > comme celles à jet d'encre, autres inconvénients... ?

On Monday 22 April 2024 12:19:48 David PINSON wrote:
> Tout dépend de l'utilisation régulière chez soi,
> De mon côté, j'ai une imprimante Laser récupérée d'une mise en réforme 
> et d'un multifonction couleur à jet d'encre trouvé entre deux containers 
> de poubelle et réparé facilement (un jouet d'enfant en mousse s'était 
> coincé dans les rouleaux...), les deux de marque HP et fonctionnent très 
> bien !
> Des toners laser ont été récupérés et ne sont pas limités dans le temps 
> si stockés dans un environnement sec et pour les cartouches d'encre, je 
> les achète en cartouches réutilisées et contrôlées.
> Tous mes PC ont détecté et installé facilement les deux imprimantes
> Comme on a toujours besoin d'un scanner, cette dernière me convient très 
> bien.
> Information supplémentaire : j'utilise NAPS2 pour les opérations de scan 
> (https://www.naps2.com/).
> Pour ton 3e point: le risque est de retrouver les cartouches baveuses...
> Voilà pour mon retour d'expérience.

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Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[David Christensen]

On 4/21/24 22:33, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

I should probably be posting this to the Steam forums, but
most of the denizens there are Windows people so I might be
better off letting you Debian gurus have a go at it first.

TL;DR: Copying an existing /home into a fresh Debian installation
causes audio in Steam games to glitch - but all other sound is OK.

Full description:

I have a machine in the living room that stores MP3s and videos
and serves them to other machines on our network as well as playing
them locally on our TV's big screen.  I also play a few Steam games
(e.g. Portal) on it.  It's a 2007-vintage machine, but it has 8GB
of RAM and enough CPU power to do the job, and runs the latest
version of Bookworm.

Recently I decided to upgrade its storage capacity, and replaced
its 500GB hard drive (which was pretty large at the time I bought
it) with a 4TB drive.  I did an install from scratch using a
network install CD, then copied my /home partition (using rsync)
from the old drive.  Everything works great with one exception:
when I fire up Portal the sound gets glitches about once a second.
This only happens with Steam games; I can play MP3s and videos
with mpv and the sound is perfect, as it is when watching YouTube
videos.  If I swap the old drive back in everything is fine.

Obviously my Steam programs and configuration files are in my
home directory, since the updated system comes up icons and all
without re-installing Steam, and can find everything it needs to
run the games.  But perhaps there are a few files somewhere else
(/usr?) containing information critical to audio for Steam.

Any ideas?

(Side question: is this an acceptable way to upgrade a hard drive?)



Copying a home directory from one OS instance to another OS instance 
sounds risky, especially as I run various OS's.  I have several 
instances of Debian 11, and would not consider them to be identical 
enough to try it.  I only touch the content I create or have learned how 
to manage.



I put my OS on a small SSD and the vast majority of my data on HDD RAID 
in a file server.



As I am the only user on my Debian daily driver, I leave the /home 
directory on the root file system and keep as little as possible in it.



I mount the file server shares under /mnt, and create symlinks in my 
home directory that point into the mounted file system.



I use CVS for project working directories.  To migrate to a new home 
directory, I check in the projects in the old home and check out the 
project in the new home.



I use Firefox and its sync feature.  To migrate to a new home, I start 
Firefox, log in, wait for my settings to sync, and then check all of the 
settings by hand.



I use Thunderbird.  To migrate to a new home, I create a tarball of my 
Thunderbird profile directory on the old machine, expand the tarball on 
the new machine, and configure Thunderbird to use that profile.



I do not attempt to migrate any of the various home directory 
configuration directories; I let the installer and/or package manager 
create them, and let the desktop, apps, etc., manage them.



David

Re: [HS] choix imprimante

[David PINSON]

Bonjour,

Tout dépend de l'utilisation régulière chez soi,

De mon côté, j'ai une imprimante Laser récupérée d'une mise en réforme 
et d'un multifonction couleur à jet d'encre trouvé entre deux containers 
de poubelle et réparé facilement (un jouet d'enfant en mousse s'était 
coincé dans les rouleaux...), les deux de marque HP et fonctionnent très 
bien !


Des toners laser ont été récupérés et ne sont pas limités dans le temps 
si stockés dans un environnement sec et pour les cartouches d'encre, je 
les achète en cartouches réutilisées et contrôlées.


Tous mes PC ont détecté et installé facilement les deux imprimantes

Comme on a toujours besoin d'un scanner, cette dernière me convient très 
bien.


Information supplémentaire : j'utilise NAPS2 pour les opérations de scan 
(https://www.naps2.com/).


Pour ton 3e point: le risque est de retrouver les cartouches baveuses...

Voilà pour mon retour d'expérience,

Librement vôtre,

David P.


Le 22/04/2024 à 11:59, ajh-valmer a écrit :

Bonjour,
Comme vous le savez, ils existent 3 types d'imprimantes :
1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
2) Laser (chère si couleurs),
3) Réservoir d'encre dite "Tank" (remplissage par bouteilles encre) :
Avez vous une expérience, donc un avis sur le choix 3 ?
Est-ce que l'encre peut sécher dans la tête d'impression
comme celles à jet d'encre, autres inconvénients... ?

Merci d'avance, bonne journée.

ajh. Valmer

[HS] choix imprimante

[ajh-valmer]

Bonjour,
Comme vous le savez, ils existent 3 types d'imprimantes :
1) Jet d'encre cartouches (ça sèche si non-utilisation prolongée),
2) Laser (chère si couleurs),
3) Réservoir d'encre dite "Tank" (remplissage par bouteilles encre) :
Avez vous une expérience, donc un avis sur le choix 3 ?
Est-ce que l'encre peut sécher dans la tête d'impression
comme celles à jet d'encre, autres inconvénients... ?

Merci d'avance, bonne journée.

ajh. Valmer

Re: CD vendeurs debian

[Basile Starynkevitch]

Bonjour,


Pour créer une clef USB debian on peut suivre 
https://debian-facile.org/doc:install:usb-boot


On 4/22/24 09:40, jc gucci wrote:

https://www.debian.org/CD/vendors/#fr


  vendeur de support d'installation de debian

https://www.getlinux.f le lien fonctionne j'ai pas encore essayé la 
commande (5,99$)

https://www.hypra.fr/ le lien ne fonctionne pas



et si vous m'adresser par courrier une clef USB je peux vous installer 
une Debian (ou Ubuntu) récente dessus et vous la renvoyer par courrier 
simple (indiquez moi votre adresse postale).


Avec d'autres je développe le moteur d'inférences libre RefPerSys 
 ("*REF*lexive *PER*sistent *SYS*tem", sous 
licence GPLv3+ ou CeCILL) pour et sur Debian. Je cherche des 
applications et/ou des contributions et/ou un consortium ITEA 
 ou HorizonEurope 
 qui pourrait être intéressés.


Et des supports avec Debian sont vendus (en ligne) par 
https://enventelibre.org/fr/debian/94-cle-usb-debian.html



Les associations APRIL  et AFUL 
 (dont je suis membre) peuvent vous aider 
à installer Debian. Ou moi-même si vous venez chez moi (92340 
Bourg-la-Reine en Île-de-France). Contactez moi préalablement sur mon 
téléphone portable (+33-068501 suivi de la somme de cinquante-neuf et de 
2300).


librement

--
Basile Starynkevitch
(only mine opinions / les opinions sont miennes uniquement)
8 rue de la Faïencerie, 92340 Bourg-la-Reine, France
web page: starynkevitch.net/Basile/
See/voir:https://github.com/RefPerSys/RefPerSys

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Jonathan Dowland]

On Sun Apr 21, 2024 at 9:58 PM BST, Reid wrote:
> If the Installers are not ALL going to give users the choice to opt-in
> or opt-out of non-free components, then those above-mentioned
> promotional pages really need to be updated so as to not be misleading
> users.

I'm sure the Debian WWW team would be welcome of some help addressing
issues. The communication point for them is the debian-www[1] mailing
list, and there's a www.debian.org pseudo-package in the Debian BTS[2]
where bugs and patches can be filed.

[1] https://lists.debian.org/debian-www/
[2] https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?package=www.debian.org

> But BETTER yet, why not just update all the installers to give users
> that choice? That's what I'm strongly suggesting. Something very
> wrong/misleading/deceptive is happening right now.

Likewise, the installer team communicate with a dedicated list
debian-boot[3], and the installer(s) have their own BTS components:
one is debian-installer[4], but I'm not sure what the Live DVD is
covered by.

[3] https://lists.debian.org/debian-boot/
[4] https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?package=debian-installer

The list you are posting on is a User list, so there's no guarantee that
the relevant Developers will see your messages.


Best wishes,

-- 
Please do not CC me for listmail.

  Jonathan Dowland
✎j...@debian.org
   https://jmtd.net

CD vendeurs debian

[jc gucci]

https://www.debian.org/CD/vendors/#fr
vendeur de support d'installation de debian
https://www.getlinux.f le lien fonctionne j'ai pas encore essayé la
commande (5,99$)
https://www.hypra.fr/ le lien ne fonctionne pas

Re: Subject: Glitchy sound in Steam games after hard drive upgrade

[Michel Verdier]

On 2024-04-21, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

> Obviously my Steam programs and configuration files are in my
> home directory, since the updated system comes up icons and all
> without re-installing Steam, and can find everything it needs to
> run the games.  But perhaps there are a few files somewhere else
> (/usr?) containing information critical to audio for Steam.

Do you sync /etc ? Configuration is mainly there.

> (Side question: is this an acceptable way to upgrade a hard drive?)

There is other ways but yes if you also sync /etc :)

Re: Debian non-free-firmware policy making OS misleading and Free Software unfriendly

[Michael Kjörling]

On 21 Apr 2024 13:58 -0700, from reid...@proinbox.com (Reid):
> You seem to be suggesting that Debian users now need to read XX
> pages of release notes and guides in order to learn that what
> they're installing is not what the Debian.org homepage "Why Debian",
> "Our Philosophy", and "Who We Are / What We Do" pages are currently
> promoting Debian as.
> 
> That's not right. Period. If the Installers are not ALL going to
> give users the choice to opt-in or opt-out of non-free components,
> then those above-mentioned promotional pages really need to be
> updated so as to not be misleading users.

I'm saying that _this hasn't changed_ between Bullseye and Bookworm.
Reading the release notes or the installation guide has been very
strongly recommended practice for a _very_ long time; and the
_documented_ behavior of the installer, except for the non-free /
non-free-firmware split, is essentially unchanged in this regard.

Lambasting the Debian developers with a post on the Debian _users_
mailing list seems to me to be unlikely to lead to the improvements
which you clearly seek. Making a _reasoned_ bug report against the
appropriate package, _without_ including pages of hyperbole, seems
more likely to have a _constructive_ outcome for everyone involved.


> But BETTER yet, why not just update all the installers to give users
> that choice? That's what I'm strongly suggesting. Something very
> wrong/misleading/deceptive is happening right now.

If that's what you are suggesting, _I_ suggest to make a wishlist bug
report to that effect against the appropriate packages, which is how
such suggestions are made and tracked in Debian. Again, _without_
pages of hyperbole which can only serve to annoy and detract from the
point you seem to be trying to make. (Yes, I'm sure you feel
differently, but consider what is relevant for someone trying to
triage or fix an issue rather than your feelings about it.) If you're
able to also provide a proposed patch to that effect, then that's even
better.

I also suggest to please take a moment to read through the Debian Code
of Conduct . May I suggest
paying particular attention to point 2 "assume good faith" and point 4
"try to be concise"? It's certainly fine to elaborate on the reasoning
behind the point you're making, but especially if you elaborate at
length (and I would certainly call ~1700 words "at length" in this
context), the specific point you're making should ideally be up front
so that people can quickly and easily tell what you're talking about
and whether that's relevant to them. Consider that a courtesy to the
some 3000 people on this list.

-- 
Michael Kjörling  https://michael.kjorling.se
“Remember when, on the Internet, nobody cared that you were a dog?”