Constructor is not callable using argument types
Hi guys,
I've the following code:
abstract class a {}
class b : a { this(a* myAttr = null) {} }
class c : a { this(a* myAttr = null) {} }
void main()
{
auto myb = new b();
auto myc = new c();
}
DMD says "Constructor c.this(a* myAttr = null) is not callable
using argument types (b*)". I'm confused why it fails because
class b and c are both derived from class a and the constructor
of class b accepts a pointer of class a.
When I replace "auto myb = new b();" by "a myb = new b();", it
works as expected. But then I cannot class-specific functions of
class b because I've the instance of the base-class a. So, what's
the correct way?
Convert hex to binary
Hi,
I'm looking for a function that converts my hex-string to a
binary representation. In Python I write the following:
myHex = 123456789ABCDEF
myBin = myHex.decode('hex')
But how to do the same in D? Is there any function?
Thanks for suggestions!
Re: Convert hex to binary
On Friday, 24 April 2015 at 18:45:55 UTC, Jesse Phillips wrote:
On Friday, 24 April 2015 at 18:14:07 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi,
I'm looking for a function that converts my hex-string to a
binary representation. In Python I write the following:
myHex = 123456789ABCDEF
myBin = myHex.decode('hex')
But how to do the same in D? Is there any function?
Thanks for suggestions!
import std.stdio;
void main(){
import std.conv;
import std.format;
auto i = to!ulong(123456789ABCDEF, 16);
writeln(format(%b, i));
}
Thanks to all of you for the solutions, but what if the
hex-string exceeds the limit of ulong, for instance
123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF1234. How to convert them to a
ulong-array?
Re: std.array.split - Template instantiating error
On Saturday, 18 April 2015 at 13:00:59 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: On 4/18/15 4:18 AM, nrgyzer wrote: array.d(1510): Error not a property splitter(range, sep).array sample.d(6): Error template instance std.array.split!(string, char) error instantiating Are you using -property switch? Looks like std.array does not obey property switch requirements. I confirm that compiling with -property fails, while compiling without -property works. We really need to fix this, and by fix, I mean fix -property so it allows calling 0-arg functions without parentheses that aren't marked with @property. -Steve Yees... Removing the -property switch solved the problem, thanks :)
std.array.split - Template instantiating error
Hi,
I've the following source:
import std.array : split;
import std.stdio : writeln;
void main()
{
string myString = Hello World;
string[] splitted = myString.split( );
}
But when I compile the code above, I'm getting the following
error:
Error: template instance std.array.split!(string, string) error
instantiating.
I'm using the latest version of dmd (2.067.0), but I cannot
figure out what I'm doing wrong :(. How to solve the problem?
Thanks in advance!
Re: std.array.split - Template instantiating error
On Saturday, 18 April 2015 at 08:13:00 UTC, Rikki Cattermole
wrote:
On 18/04/2015 8:08 p.m., nrgyzer wrote:
Hi,
I've the following source:
import std.array : split;
import std.stdio : writeln;
void main()
{
string myString = Hello World;
string[] splitted = myString.split( );
}
But when I compile the code above, I'm getting the following
error:
Error: template instance std.array.split!(string, string) error
instantiating.
I'm using the latest version of dmd (2.067.0), but I cannot
figure out
what I'm doing wrong :(. How to solve the problem?
Thanks in advance!
alias immutable(char)[] string;
T[] split(T, U=typeof(T.init[0]))(T from, U sep)
Aka try changing to ' '.
I already tried to change the separator from string ( ) to char
(' ') . I'm getting the same result:
array.d(1510): Error not a property splitter(range, sep).array
sample.d(6): Error template instance std.array.split!(string,
char) error instantiating
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 22:22:05 UTC, Joakim wrote:
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 09:39:05 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
when I do the following:
module myMain;
import example;
import std.traits;
import my.static.library.binding;
static this()
{
foreach ( m; __traits(allMembers, example) )
{
static if ( isCallable!(mixing(m) )
{
// ... do something here
}
}
}
void main() { /* do something here */ }
And my example-module looks like:
module example;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
I can compile my application without any error, BUT when I
move the import of my.static.library.binding to the
example-module:
module example;
import my.static.library.binding;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
... I'm getting many error messages like these:
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D12TypeInfo_xAa6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D49TypeInfo_xAS3std8typecons16__T5TupleTkTkTkZ5Tuple6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D75TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni38__T13InversionListTS3std3uni8GcPolicyZ13InversionList6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D55TypeInfo_xAE3std5regex15__T6ParserTAyaZ6Parser8Operator6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D31TypeInfo_xAS3std5regex8Bytecode6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D110TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni152__T4TrieTS3std3uni20__T9BitPackedTbVmi1Z9BitPackedTwVmi1114112TS3std3uni23__T9sliceBitsVmi8Vmi21Z9sliceBitsTS3std3uni22__T9sliceBitsVmi0Vmi8Z9sliceBitsZ4Trie6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D45TypeInfo_xS3std5regex14__T7ShiftOrTaZ7ShiftOr6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xw6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xb6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D13TypeInfo_xAya6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D41TypeInfo_xS3std5regex12__T5StackTkZ5Stack6__initZ
I'm having no idea what's going wrong here. I'm simply moving
the import from the file where my main() is located in to the
example-module. When removing the import of
my.static.library.binding in the example-module allows me to
successfully compile everything. But I need the import in the
example-module. Any suggestions what's going wrong here/how I
can solve the error?
An import is private by default:
http://dlang.org/module.html
When you move the import of my.static.library.binding to the
example module, its declarations are no longer available in
the myMain module. You'd have to make it a public import
my.static.library.binding to make it available to other
modules.
Hm, I made it public and I'm getting the same error. I also
imported the same module in my main which also gives me the same
error.
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
On Monday, 20 October 2014 at 16:05:14 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 22:22:05 UTC, Joakim wrote:
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 09:39:05 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
when I do the following:
module myMain;
import example;
import std.traits;
import my.static.library.binding;
static this()
{
foreach ( m; __traits(allMembers, example) )
{
static if ( isCallable!(mixing(m) )
{
// ... do something here
}
}
}
void main() { /* do something here */ }
And my example-module looks like:
module example;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
I can compile my application without any error, BUT when I
move the import of my.static.library.binding to the
example-module:
module example;
import my.static.library.binding;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
... I'm getting many error messages like these:
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D12TypeInfo_xAa6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D49TypeInfo_xAS3std8typecons16__T5TupleTkTkTkZ5Tuple6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D75TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni38__T13InversionListTS3std3uni8GcPolicyZ13InversionList6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D55TypeInfo_xAE3std5regex15__T6ParserTAyaZ6Parser8Operator6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D31TypeInfo_xAS3std5regex8Bytecode6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D110TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni152__T4TrieTS3std3uni20__T9BitPackedTbVmi1Z9BitPackedTwVmi1114112TS3std3uni23__T9sliceBitsVmi8Vmi21Z9sliceBitsTS3std3uni22__T9sliceBitsVmi0Vmi8Z9sliceBitsZ4Trie6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D45TypeInfo_xS3std5regex14__T7ShiftOrTaZ7ShiftOr6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xw6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xb6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D13TypeInfo_xAya6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D41TypeInfo_xS3std5regex12__T5StackTkZ5Stack6__initZ
I'm having no idea what's going wrong here. I'm simply moving
the import from the file where my main() is located in to the
example-module. When removing the import of
my.static.library.binding in the example-module allows me
to successfully compile everything. But I need the import in
the example-module. Any suggestions what's going wrong
here/how I can solve the error?
An import is private by default:
http://dlang.org/module.html
When you move the import of my.static.library.binding to the
example module, its declarations are no longer available in
the myMain module. You'd have to make it a public import
my.static.library.binding to make it available to other
modules.
Hm, I made it public and I'm getting the same error. I also
imported the same module in my main which also gives me the
same error.
I temporarely solved the error by making the import in the module
where the main()-function is located in public and importing this
file into the other module. This solved the error but is not a
perfect solution...
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
This solved the problem for the first time, BUT - I don't know if
it's a bug or a feature - I ran into another problem. I'm having
the following few lines:
module example;
private
{
string[string] myPrivateArray;
}
static this()
{
foreach ( m; __traits(allMembers, example) )
{
writefln(%s :: %s, m, __traits(getProtection, m));
}
}
void main() { /* empty */ }
Compiling and running the application say's that myPrivateArray
is public:
myPrivateArray :: public
I declared myPrivateArray using the private keyword, but the
dmd-trait `getProtection` says public. Why?
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
On Monday, 20 October 2014 at 17:37:34 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
This solved the problem for the first time, BUT - I don't know
if it's a bug or a feature - I ran into another problem. I'm
having the following few lines:
module example;
private
{
string[string] myPrivateArray;
}
static this()
{
foreach ( m; __traits(allMembers, example) )
{
writefln(%s :: %s, m, __traits(getProtection, m));
}
}
void main() { /* empty */ }
Compiling and running the application say's that myPrivateArray
is public:
myPrivateArray :: public
I declared myPrivateArray using the private keyword, but the
dmd-trait `getProtection` says public. Why?
Ah, okay, I also need to use mixin(m) to get the protection. But
in this case, getProtection only works if I want retrieve the
protection for a variable, contained in the same module. I simply
can't use getProtection if I'm using the allMembers-trait for
another module where the variable is private...
Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
Hi guys,
when I do the following:
module myMain;
import example;
import std.traits;
import my.static.library.binding;
static this()
{
foreach ( m; __traits(allMembers, example) )
{
static if ( isCallable!(mixing(m) )
{
// ... do something here
}
}
}
void main() { /* do something here */ }
And my example-module looks like:
module example;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
I can compile my application without any error, BUT when I move
the import of my.static.library.binding to the example-module:
module example;
import my.static.library.binding;
void exmapleFunction()
{
// do something here
}
... I'm getting many error messages like these:
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D12TypeInfo_xAa6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D49TypeInfo_xAS3std8typecons16__T5TupleTkTkTkZ5Tuple6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D75TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni38__T13InversionListTS3std3uni8GcPolicyZ13InversionList6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D55TypeInfo_xAE3std5regex15__T6ParserTAyaZ6Parser8Operator6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D31TypeInfo_xAS3std5regex8Bytecode6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D110TypeInfo_xAS3std3uni152__T4TrieTS3std3uni20__T9BitPackedTbVmi1Z9BitPackedTwVmi1114112TS3std3uni23__T9sliceBitsVmi8Vmi21Z9sliceBitsTS3std3uni22__T9sliceBitsVmi0Vmi8Z9sliceBitsZ4Trie6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D45TypeInfo_xS3std5regex14__T7ShiftOrTaZ7ShiftOr6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xw6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D11TypeInfo_xb6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D13TypeInfo_xAya6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D41TypeInfo_xS3std5regex12__T5StackTkZ5Stack6__initZ
I'm having no idea what's going wrong here. I'm simply moving the
import from the file where my main() is located in to the
example-module. When removing the import of
my.static.library.binding in the example-module allows me to
successfully compile everything. But I need the import in the
example-module. Any suggestions what's going wrong here/how I can
solve the error?
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 14:48:18 UTC, monarch_dodra wrote:
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 09:39:05 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
when I do the following:
static if ( isCallable!(mixing(m) )
mixing ?
void main() { /* do something here */ }
What exactly are you doing here?
... I'm getting many error messages like these:
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D12TypeInfo_xAa6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
_D49TypeInfo_xAS3std8typecons16__T5TupleTkTkTkZ5Tuple6__initZ
myMain.d-mixin-11(11): Error: undefined identifier
Sounds like your import was also import std.typecons which
appears to have been required in your main.
mixing should be replaced with mixin: static if (
isCallable!(mixin(m) )
My main is empty in both cases. So nothing done in my main
(currently).
Re: Error: Undefined identifier when moving import to another module
On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 17:14:14 UTC, monarch_dodra wrote: On Sunday, 19 October 2014 at 16:09:41 UTC, nrgyzer wrote: mixing should be replaced with mixin: static if ( isCallable!(mixin(m) ) My main is empty in both cases. So nothing done in my main (currently). Posting full code that actually compiles and reproduces the issue helps. I posted the full code - except the library. But the library contains over hundred thousand lines of code, so I think that's a bit too much to post here...
Re: Using __traits to find functions in sub-modules
On Thursday, 16 October 2014 at 19:19:21 UTC, John Colvin wrote:
On Thursday, 16 October 2014 at 18:39:50 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi,
I'm using structs to describe my functions:
struct example
{
string name;
uint someValue;
}
module mod.example1;
@example(example1, 1)
void myFunction()
{
// do something
}
module mod.example2;
@example(example2, 2)
void myFunction()
{
// do something
}
I'm using the struct to describe functions in different
modules. Now, I want add all functions which are described
using the example-struct to an array during compile time. But
how can I do this? I know, I can use __trait(allMembers,
mod.example1) and __trait(allMembers, mod.example2), but I
only want specify the parent module (mod), for instance:
void main()
{
foreach (member, __traits(allMembers, mod))
{
writeln(member);
}
}
But this only shows object - nothing else. No sub-modules
like mod.example1 or mod.example2. So, how can I find all
functions that are described using my structure during compile
time and add them to an array?
I already tried this:
void main()
{
foreach (cmodule; ModuleInfo)
{
foreach (submodule; __traits(allMembers, cmodule))
{
// ... also tried: foreach (submodule;
__traits(allMembers, mixin(cmodule.name))), cmodule.name is
not available during compile time...
}
}
}
But it always stats that 'cmodule' has no members. Does anyone
know how to solve the problem?
perhaps you could get somewhere by using a package.d in every
package?
If it needs to work on packages you don't control then I don't
really know :/
Hm, importing the package doesn't help :(
Okay, I see... I've to solve the problem using another idea...
Using __traits to find functions in sub-modules
Hi,
I'm using structs to describe my functions:
struct example
{
string name;
uint someValue;
}
module mod.example1;
@example(example1, 1)
void myFunction()
{
// do something
}
module mod.example2;
@example(example2, 2)
void myFunction()
{
// do something
}
I'm using the struct to describe functions in different modules.
Now, I want add all functions which are described using the
example-struct to an array during compile time. But how can I do
this? I know, I can use __trait(allMembers, mod.example1) and
__trait(allMembers, mod.example2), but I only want specify the
parent module (mod), for instance:
void main()
{
foreach (member, __traits(allMembers, mod))
{
writeln(member);
}
}
But this only shows object - nothing else. No sub-modules like
mod.example1 or mod.example2. So, how can I find all functions
that are described using my structure during compile time and add
them to an array?
I already tried this:
void main()
{
foreach (cmodule; ModuleInfo)
{
foreach (submodule; __traits(allMembers, cmodule))
{
// ... also tried: foreach (submodule; __traits(allMembers,
mixin(cmodule.name))), cmodule.name is not available during
compile time...
}
}
}
But it always stats that 'cmodule' has no members. Does anyone
know how to solve the problem?
Using TreeSet and __gshared values
Hi guys,
I'm having some trouble using the treeset implementation of
Steven (dcollections) in conjunction with __gshared. When I do
the following:
class Entry
{
int value;
this(int v)
{
value = v;
}
int opCmp(Object o)
{
return -1;
}
}
void main()
{
auto tree = new TreeSet!Entry();
tree.add(new Entry(10));
tree.add(new Entry(20));
tree.add(new Entry(30));
foreach (ref entry; tree)
{
writeln(entry.value);
}
}
I'm getting the following output:
10
20
30
But when I replace the class as follows:
class Entry
{
__gshared int value;
this(int v)
{
value = v;
}
int opCmp(Object o)
{
return -1;
}
}
I'm getting the following output:
30
30
30
Do anyone have any ideas what can cause the problem?
Re: Value of floating in JSONValue
On Thursday, 21 August 2014 at 23:29:56 UTC, Idan Arye wrote:
On Thursday, 21 August 2014 at 23:05:48 UTC, Ali Çehreli wrote:
I don't think it is a concern as JSON does not encode types.
It is up to the receiver how to interpret the data. Here is
the output of the program above:
{value:1.234567889998901}
Ali
JSON may not encode the very specific type the language that
created it was using, but it does differ between strings and
numbers. {value:1.234567889998901} is different from
{value:1.234567889998901}, virtually any JSON
implementation for any language(there might be exceptions -
maybe TCL) will parse them to different language constructs,
and code that expect one may fail, crash or misbehave when
given the other.
That's exactly my problem. The remote PC expects a numeric value
with a precision of up to 6 floating points. So using a string
instead of float would cause an error.
Re: goto skips declaration of variable
On Tuesday, 19 August 2014 at 20:33:00 UTC, monarch_dodra wrote:
On Monday, 18 August 2014 at 13:51:14 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi all,
I've the following code snipped:
import std.bigint;
void main(string[] args)
{
BigInt i = 12345;
if (args.length 1)
{
goto Exit;
}
i = BigInt(67890);
Exit:
return;
}
For what it's worth, whenever you have goto-end style code,
place all your code in a proper block, in such a way that all
your variable declarations are in that block, and all your
gotos break out of this block. This way, a goto will *never*
cross a declaration, so coding is easy. The only variables you
place at the top or the ones that could need cleanup.
void main(string[] args)
{
//Declarations that need cleanup:
void* p;
//Code
{
BigInt i = 12345; //Local variable
if (args.length 1)
{
goto Exit; //Breaks out of block
}
i = BigInt(67890);
BigInt j = 54321; //Local variable
}
//End
Exit:
CleanUp(p);
return;
}
Yes, that works. I'm using the goto-command to exit my function
if an error (not necessarily an exception) occured. Sure, I can
simply do a return, but I personally prefer a fixed endpoint of
my functions. This also simplifies debugging my application
because I don't need 10 or 20 breakpoints (one before each
return-point).
Re: goto skips declaration of variable
On Thursday, 21 August 2014 at 17:39:16 UTC, Ali Çehreli wrote:
On 08/21/2014 04:12 AM, nrgyzer wrote:
I'm using the goto-command to exit my function
if an error (not necessarily an exception) occured.
Sorry to repeat myself but if an exception occurs in code
before the goto, the exit code will not be executed. Of course,
it may be that the function is defined 'nothrow' so my concern
does not apply.
Sure, I can
simply do a return, but I personally prefer a fixed endpoint
of
my functions.
Again, that is not possible in a language that has exceptions.
Ali
Sure, but what about the following pretty simple source:
bool testa(int a)
{
bool fIsValid = (a 0);
if (a 0)
goto Exit;
throw new Exception(int = 0);
Exit:
return fIsValid;
}
int main(string[] args)
{
testa(10); // Use goto
testa(-1); // Throws an exception
}
I'm absolutely aware that gotos are useless if an exception
occured before the goto appears. But in some cases they are very
useful, especially when I want prevent 10 ident-steps or
something else...
Okay, my question was answered - compiler bug. Thanks in advance!
Value of floating in JSONValue
Hi everyone,
I'm facing a problem with the JSON functions. I've to communicate
with another PC using JSON. Here's a simple snipped which shows
my problem:
import std.json;
import std.stdio;
void main()
{
double d = 1.23456789;
JSONValue j = d;
sendToRemote(toJSON(j));
}
My problem is that the remote PC receives 1.23457 instead of
1.23456789. But when I add the following:
import std.json;
import std.stdio;
void main()
{
double d = 1.23456789;
JSONValue j = d;
sendToRemote(toJSON(j));
writefln(%.8f, j.floating);
}
writefln() shows me 1.23456789. So, the value is correct. I think
the problem is the default representation of any floating point
number to string. Is there any chance I can send 1.23456789
instead of 1.23457 to my remote PC?
Note: I cannot use strings because the other PC expects a numeric
data type.
Re: goto skips declaration of variable
On Monday, 18 August 2014 at 17:47:21 UTC, ketmar via Digitalmars-d-learn wrote: On Mon, 18 Aug 2014 13:51:12 + nrgyzer via Digitalmars-d-learn digitalmars-d-learn@puremagic.com wrote: When I try to compile this sample application I'm getting the following error: sample.d(7): Error: goto skips declaration of variable sample.main.__ctmp1344 at sample.d(9) it's compiler bug i believe. but why do you need gotos at the first place? i'm not saying that you must avoid gotos at all costs!, but D has some nice features like scope(exit), scope(success), scope(failure) and nested functions, which can render gotos unnecessary in many cases (and make code cleaner). I know, gotos are having a negative connotation. Sure, I can also use nested functions, but in my opinion it results in dirty and complex code. It's totally overkilled compared to a simple if and goto-instruction. The same regards the scoping... it's simply to much overhead.
goto skips declaration of variable
Hi all,
I've the following code snipped:
import std.bigint;
void main(string[] args)
{
BigInt i = 12345;
if (args.length 1)
{
goto Exit;
}
i = BigInt(67890);
Exit:
return;
}
When I try to compile this sample application I'm getting the
following error:
sample.d(7): Error: goto skips declaration of variable
sample.main.__ctmp1344 at sample.d(9)
I know that the error is caused by the line 'i =
BigInt(67890)'. I also know that I can simply replace the
goto-condition with something like this:
if (args.length == 0)
{
i = BigInt(67890);
}
But that's not what I want because I've many BigInt-assignments
in my real application. That would result in a very very deep,
nested source structure and that really hurts. So, is there any
solution how I can realize the BigInt-assignment after the
goto-Command (or better: without skipping the declaration)?
Re: How to set JSON_TYPE in 2.0.65
On Monday, 31 March 2014 at 19:05:11 UTC, Matt Soucy wrote: On 03/31/2014 02:59 PM, nrgyzer wrote: Hi guys, I updated my dmd version from 2.0.63 to 2.0.65 and having some trouble with my JSON-definitions. The code below worked in 2.0.63 but not in 2.0.65: JSONValue oJson = JSONValue(); oJson.type = JSON_TYPE.OBJECT; // FAILS oJson.object[myEntry] = JSONValue(); oJson.object[myEntry].type = JSON_TYPE.STRING; // FAILS oJSon.object[myEntry].str = MyText; Since the type property is a constant in 2.0.65, I've no idea how I can set the type for my JSON entries. I already tried the following: JSONValue oJson = JSONValue(JSON_TYPE.OBJECT); oJson.object[myEntry] = JSONValue(JSON_TYPE.STRING); oJSon.object[myEntry].str = MyText; But this gives me something like: JSONValue is not an object. Any idea how I can set the corresponding value type? I believe that this was simplified in recent releases, so one only needs to do the following: JSONValue oJson; oJson.object[myEntry] = MyText; (Untested but I believe this is how it's supposed to be now) Thanks Matt, but this doesn't work because the object-property checks the type of the JSONValue and throws the corresponding exception. But the following works: JSONValue oJson = [myEntry : MyText]; oJson.object[myEntry_2] = MyText_2; ... Thanks to all!
How to set JSON_TYPE in 2.0.65
Hi guys, I updated my dmd version from 2.0.63 to 2.0.65 and having some trouble with my JSON-definitions. The code below worked in 2.0.63 but not in 2.0.65: JSONValue oJson = JSONValue(); oJson.type = JSON_TYPE.OBJECT; // FAILS oJson.object[myEntry] = JSONValue(); oJson.object[myEntry].type = JSON_TYPE.STRING; // FAILS oJSon.object[myEntry].str = MyText; Since the type property is a constant in 2.0.65, I've no idea how I can set the type for my JSON entries. I already tried the following: JSONValue oJson = JSONValue(JSON_TYPE.OBJECT); oJson.object[myEntry] = JSONValue(JSON_TYPE.STRING); oJSon.object[myEntry].str = MyText; But this gives me something like: JSONValue is not an object. Any idea how I can set the corresponding value type?
Re: Socket: Detect connection close
On Monday, 24 March 2014 at 05:32:30 UTC, Vladimir Panteleev
wrote:
On Sunday, 23 March 2014 at 20:12:38 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
I'm experimenting with sockets and having trouble to detect
when the remote side closes the connection. Here's my code:
// Client:
module client;
import std.socket;
void main()
{
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket();
s.connect(new InternetAddress(localhost, 8080));
SocketStream ss = new SocketStream(s);
for (int i= 0; i 10; i++)
{
ss.write(1);
ss.flush();
}
ss.socket.shutdown(SocketShutdown.BOTH);
ss.close();
}
// Server:
module server;
import std.sdio;
import std.socket;
void main()
{
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket(AddressFamily.INET);
s.bind(new InternetAddress(localhost, 8080));
s.blocking(false);
s.listen(0);
while(1)
{
try {
Socket requestSocket = oSocket.accept();
RequestThread rt = new RequestThread(requestSocket);
rt.start();
}
catch (SocketAcceptException e)
{
Thread.yield();
}
}
s.socket.shutdown(SocketShutdown.BOTH);
s.close();
}
class RequestThread : Thread
{
private {
__gshared Socket s;
void run()
{
ubyte[1] buffer;
while(s.isAlive)
{
s.receive(buffer);
writeln(receiving);
}
writeln(client closed connection);
}
}
public this(Socket socket)
{
super(run);
s = socket;
}
}
I know... dirty (really) dirty code, but it works , except
that I'm in an endless loop and my server always prints
receiving. I never see client closed connection although
the client sends only 10 int values. It seems that s.isAlive
is always true. How can I detect when the client closes the
connection (or how can I detect if the connection is broken)?
You can determine when the connection was closed on the remote
side by checking if s.receive returns an empty array.
Alright, that world work. But what about sending 10 Bytes,
waiting some minutes (probably some hours) and sending 10 Bytes
again. Is it possible to do this on the same Socket?
My scenario is: I've one central server and multiple clients. The
clients are connecting to the server and send (or request) some
information. After that the clients are simply sleeping for an
unknown time. For instance client 1 for 1 seconds, client 2 for 1
minute, client 3 for 1 hours and client 4 for 1 day. After that
time they resend/request some more information from the server...
my questions regarding this are:
- When I client connects, the server creates a thread. How can I
determine that I can terminate the thread because the connection
is inactive (for instance because the client closed the
connection or some connecting issues)?
- How can the client check if the connection is alive? (If the
connection isn't alive, I need to reconnect)
Socket: Detect connection close
Hi guys,
I'm experimenting with sockets and having trouble to detect when
the remote side closes the connection. Here's my code:
// Client:
module client;
import std.socket;
void main()
{
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket();
s.connect(new InternetAddress(localhost, 8080));
SocketStream ss = new SocketStream(s);
for (int i= 0; i 10; i++)
{
ss.write(1);
ss.flush();
}
ss.socket.shutdown(SocketShutdown.BOTH);
ss.close();
}
// Server:
module server;
import std.sdio;
import std.socket;
void main()
{
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket(AddressFamily.INET);
s.bind(new InternetAddress(localhost, 8080));
s.blocking(false);
s.listen(0);
while(1)
{
try {
Socket requestSocket = oSocket.accept();
RequestThread rt = new RequestThread(requestSocket);
rt.start();
}
catch (SocketAcceptException e)
{
Thread.yield();
}
}
s.socket.shutdown(SocketShutdown.BOTH);
s.close();
}
class RequestThread : Thread
{
private {
__gshared Socket s;
void run()
{
ubyte[1] buffer;
while(s.isAlive)
{
s.receive(buffer);
writeln(receiving);
}
writeln(client closed connection);
}
}
public this(Socket socket)
{
super(run);
s = socket;
}
}
I know... dirty (really) dirty code, but it works , except that
I'm in an endless loop and my server always prints receiving. I
never see client closed connection although the client sends
only 10 int values. It seems that s.isAlive is always true. How
can I detect when the client closes the connection (or how can I
detect if the connection is broken)?
Thanks for any suggestions or ideas!
Rang violation using AA's
Hi guys,
I'm updated from DMD 2.060 to 2.061 and I just run into some
trouble by using associative arrays. Let's say I've the following
few lines:
string[string] myValues;
ref string getValue(string v) {
return myValues[v];
}
void main() {
getValue(myValue) = myString;
}
I get a range violation in getValue() because the entry does not
exist. But as far as I know, this worked in 2.060 (no range
violation). One idea was to initialize the value in getValue() if
it does not exist, but my associative array looks like:
string[string][][string] myValues;
... how to initialize this? So, is this a bug or is it my mistake?
Re: Rang violation using AA's
On Friday, 8 February 2013 at 19:24:55 UTC, simendsjo wrote:
On Friday, 8 February 2013 at 17:16:15 UTC, Nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
I'm updated from DMD 2.060 to 2.061 and I just run into some
trouble by using associative arrays. Let's say I've the
following few lines:
string[string] myValues;
ref string getValue(string v) {
return myValues[v];
}
void main() {
getValue(myValue) = myString;
}
I get a range violation in getValue() because the entry does
not exist. But as far as I know, this worked in 2.060 (no
range violation). One idea was to initialize the value in
getValue() if it does not exist, but my associative array
looks like:
string[string][][string] myValues;
... how to initialize this? So, is this a bug or is it my
mistake?
Did that really work before? Looks like a bug as you are
accessing an element that doesn't exist.
The following works:
import std.stdio;
void main() {
string[string][][string] myValues;
assert(myValues.length == 0);
myValues[a] = new string[string][100]; // Doesn't have to
create 100 elements of course
assert(myValues[a].length == 100);
assert(myValues[a][0].length == 0);
myValues[a][0][b] = aoeu;
assert(myValues[a][0][b] == aoeu);
}
I downloaded 2.060, tried my example above and it works in 2.060
without any range exceptions. Using 2.061 throws me the range
exception (using the same code). I also tried the following (as
described in the documentation of AA's):
void main() {
int[string] b;
b[hello] = 3;
}
This works for both versions... but I don't know why using a
method with ref-return value doesn't work anymore.
Thanks for your suggestion.
Re: Rang violation using AA's
On Friday, 8 February 2013 at 20:30:00 UTC, Maxim Fomin wrote:
On Friday, 8 February 2013 at 20:10:32 UTC, Nrgyzer wrote:
void main() {
int[string] b;
b[hello] = 3;
}
This works for both versions... but I don't know why using a
method with ref-return value doesn't work anymore.
Thanks for your suggestion.
This works because an element is assigned if absent (expression
is treated as lvalue). In case of return an element is not
assigned (rvalue), so exception is thrown. I do not now why it
worked in 2.060.
It worked in version 2.060 and lower... but as already mentioned
not in 2.061. I don't know if it's intended or not.
Error 168 64K Global Types
Hi guys, after some hours I successfully compiled wxD without errors. When I try to compile a simple example like the hello example I get the following message: dmd -c -version=wx28 -version=__WXMSW__ -version=ANSI -I..\.. Hello.d dmd -g -of..\..\bin\Hello.exe Hello.obj ..\..\wxd.lib ..\..\wxc.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxbase28d.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxbase28d_xml.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxmsw28d_core.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxmsw28d_adv.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxmsw28d_html.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxmsw28d_xrc.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxtiffd.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxjpegd.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxpngd.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxzlibd.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxregexd.lib C:\wxWidgets-2.8.10\lib\dmc_lib\wxexpatd.lib kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib comdlg32.lib winspool.lib winmm.lib shell32.lib comctl32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib rpcrt4.lib advapi32.lib wsock32.lib odbc32.lib-L/EXETYPE:NT -L/SU:WINDOWS:4.0 OPTLINK (R) for Win32 Release 8.00.12 Copyright (C) Digital Mars 1989-2010 All rights reserved. http://www.digitalmars.com/ctg/optlink.html OPTLINK : Error 168: 64K Global Types --- errorlevel 1 --- errorlevel 1 I already found a thread regarding wx/wxd where this error was also discussed, but no concrete solution was shown (or I overlooked the answer...). But is there any solution to fix this error? (I'm using DMD 2.061) Thanks in advance!
Re: Reflection: Get all inherited classes of a base class
On Saturday, 22 December 2012 at 22:28:57 UTC, Adam D. Ruppe
wrote:
On Saturday, 22 December 2012 at 22:14:28 UTC, nrgyzer wrote:
is it possible to get a list of all inherited classes from a
base class like this:
Yes, though it isn't compile time - gotta be runtime.
ClassInfo[] getChildClasses(ClassInfo c) {
ClassInfo[] info;
// MoudleInfo is a magical thing in object.d,
// implicitly imported, that can loop over all
// modules in the program: user and library
foreach(mod; ModuleInfo) {
// the localClasses member gives back
// ClassInfo things that we can compare
foreach(cla; mod.localClasses) {
// note: we could also check this
// recursively and check
// cla.interfaces as well as base
if(cla.base is c)
info ~= cla;
}
}
return info;
}
So this should be enough for your example assert, but remember
you can't do things like templates on this, since it is all
runtime.
Thanks Adam, that's exactly what I need... is it possible to call
a static method only using TypeInfo_Class or do I need to call
the constructor using create-method? I think using annotation
would be very helpful for my idea:
abstract class A {
static abstract string myName(); // this surely doesn't work
string[] getChildClassNames() {
string[] retArray;
foreach(mod; ModuleInfo) {
foreach(cla; mod.localClasses) {
if (cla is this.classinfo)
retArray ~= cla.myName; // adds Class B and
Class C
}
return retArray;
}
}
class B : A {
override static string myName() { return Class B; }
}
class C : A {
override static string myName() { return Class C; }
}
But as in the most other languages it's impossible to declare
abstract static methods and I also have no direct access from
TypeInfo_Class to my static attributes and/or methods (or is
there any chance without creating an instance of the class?).
Hence, annotations would be very useful at this point, but is
there any other possibility to do something like shown above...?
CURL: Save response to string
Hi guys,
I know... there's a lib for curl but I'm using an old CURL-binding for D...
I've the following problem: I'm sending my login data to
a web page and I want store the response of curl_easy_perform() in a string. So
I'm using the following few lines to do that:
string temp;
size_t callback(char* ptr, size_t size, size_t, nmemb, string* stream) {
temp ~= *ptr;
// or: How can I append ptr to my stream?
// When I use '*stream ~= cast(char) ptr;' I get an memory violation...
}
void main() {
CURL* curl = curl_easy_init();
curl_httppost* post;
curl_formadd(post, last, CURLFORM_COPYNAME, toStringz(username),
CURLFORM_COPYCONTENTS, toStringz(username),
CURLFORM_END);
curl_formadd(post, last, CURLFORM_COPYNAME, toStringz(password),
CURLFORM_COPYCONTENTS, toStringz(password),
CURLFORM_END);
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPPOST, post);
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, callback);
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, temp);
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL,
toStringz(https://myURL.tld/login.php;));
curl_easy_perform(curl);
writeln(temp);
}
But when I run the code, temp is completely empty... does anyone know how to
fix that or what I'm doing wrong?
Thanks for all suggestions!
std.path.buildPath() and string enumeration
Hi,
I've the following enumeration:
enum path : string {
log1 = /var/log1,
log2 = /var/log2
}
Now... when I try to do the following:
string subDirectory = example;
string newPath = buildPath(path.log1, subDirectory);
I get the following errors:
Error: template std.path.buildPath does not match any function template
declaration
Error: template std.path.buildPath(C) if (isSomeChar!(C)) cannot deduce
template function from argument types !()(path,string)
Error: template std.path.buildPath does not match any function template
declaration
Error: template std.path.buildPath(C) if (isSomeChar!(C)) cannot deduce
template function from argument types !()(path,string)
Is this a bug in std.path.buildPath() or is there anything I'm doing wrong?
Re: std.path.buildPath() and string enumeration
== Auszug aus bearophile (bearophileh...@lycos.com)'s Artikel
nrgyzer:
Is this a bug in std.path.buildPath() or is there anything I'm
doing wrong?
The signature of buildPath is:
immutable(C)[] buildPath(C)(const(C[])[] paths...);
But your inputs aren't of the same type. Named enum create their
own type. You give buildPath a type string and a type path, that
is not a string.
There are various solutions, this compiles, but it's not very
safe:
buildPath(cast(string)path.log1, subDirectory);
Another solution is to not use a named enum:
enum : string {
path_log1 = /var/log1,
path_log2 = /var/log2
}
buildPath(path_log1, subDirectory)
In bugzilla I have asked for an enum property that returns the
raw valuetype of an enum.
Bye,
bearophile
Alright, thanks... but I want to do the following:
foreach(c; __traits(allMembers, path))
if (!exists(mixin(path. ~ c))) mkdirRecurse(mixin(path. ~ c));
When I use a named enum, I can't use the source above... so I've to cast in the
buildPath()-method to my path enumeration or is there any other chance to
realize the foreach-loop?
Method-call based on template argument
I'm trying to do the following:
module myModule;
int calculate(T)(int a, int b) if(T == add) {
return a + b;
}
int calculate(T)(int a, int b) if(T == subtract) {
return a - b;
}
But when I try to run the following code, I get template myModule.calculate
does not match any function template declaration:
void main() {
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
std.stdio.writeln(calculate!(add)(a, b));
std.stdio.writeln(calculate!(subtract)(a, b));
}
Is there any way to check if the given template argument is add or
subtract? I also tried:
int calculate(string T)(int a, int b) if(T == add) {
return a + b;
}
int calculate(string T)(int a, int b) if(T == subtract) {
return a - b;
}
... without any success (I'll get an instantiation error).
Re: Method-call based on template argument
Hm... yes - works. I simply rewrote my method-header and it just works, too... but thanks :)
Re: Nested RegEx
== Auszug aus Dmitry Olshansky (dmitry.o...@gmail.com)'s Artikel
On 21.04.2012 22:46, H. S. Teoh wrote:
On Sat, Apr 21, 2012 at 09:41:18PM +0400, Dmitry Olshansky wrote:
On 21.04.2012 21:24, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
I'm trying to use std.regex to parse a string like the following:
string myString = preOuter {if condition1} content1 {if condition2}
content2
{elseif condition3} content3 {else}any other content{/if}{/if} postOuter;
Simply put pure regex is incapable of arbitrary-nested if-else
statements. In a sense if... /if is a case of balanced parens
problem and it's widely know to form non-regular language.
This is of theoretical interest to me. Very often I find myself wanting
a concise way to express patterns with nested matching delimiters, but
regexes can't do it. But to jump to a full-blown stack-based language
seems like an overkill to me: stack languages can express *much* more
than just nested delimiters, most of which is difficult to encapsulate
in a nice, concise syntax like regexes. All I want is a simple way to
express the kind of simple nesting that matching delimiters give.
Recursive descent is not particularly bad unless minimal grammar
descent depth is high. Example:
a+b-c
uses a quite a lot of recursive calls for grammar with e.g. 10+ operator
precedence levels.
I'm thinking of merging operator precedence parser with regex might be a
happy marriage you know.
Back to OP topic something along the lines of this will do it (beware of
stack overflow):
void parseIf(){
static int ifNest;
if(input.startWith({if)){
ifNest++;
scope(exit) ifNest--;
enforce(ifNest 1, conservative stack overflow);
parseCond(input[2..$-1]);//regex that does condition
enforce(input[$-1] == '}', close that if);
parseIf();//parse body or another nested if
//parseElse();//goes here, as does elif
}
else
parseBody();// the regex you used before
}
[...]
One day I may add push-pop stack extensions (that allow this kind of
thing) into regex but I'd have to think hard to make it efficient.
[...]
Plus, have a nice concise syntax for it (otherwise I might as well just
write a recursive descent parser for it in the first place).
Concise syntax lots of power is a priority actually, because I can
detect if push-pop stuff is used or not and pick the right engine for
the job. So different big-oh complexity is not important.
Thanks guys... I just solved the problem by using indexOf() from std.string for
parsing my if-statements. So... in principle, I can have unlimited nested if-
statements, but I think it's much more difficult (and slower) than using any
regex-expression.
Nested RegEx
Hi guys,
I'm trying to use std.regex to parse a string like the following:
string myString = preOuter {if condition1} content1 {if condition2} content2
{elseif condition3} content3 {else}any other content{/if}{/if} postOuter;
Is there any chance to use std.regex to parse the string above? I currently
used the following expression:
auto r = regex(`(.*?)\{if:(?Pcondition(.+?))\}(?Pcontent(.*))(\{/if\})
(.*)`, g);
but it doesn't fit my nested if- and else-statements correctly.
Thanks in advance for any suggestions!
IPC: Pipes std.process
I'm working on IPC's. I already figured out that the implementation depends on the operation system. Is there any solution to support both - windows posix systems? I'm developing on a win-machine and don't want to re-write my app on linux. As I saw on dlang.org, std.process of Phobos (prerelease) seems to support creating pipes for both system types. So I downloaded the latest version from https://github.com/kyllingstad/phobos/blob/new-std-process. When I run win32.mak using make -f win32.mak, I got the following error: Error: don't know how to make '..\druntime\lib\druntime.lib So, I first try to build druntime.lib using win32.make and I got: masm386 -DM_I386=1 -D_WIN32 -Mx src\rt\minit.asm; Can't run 'masm386', check PATH I also downloaded masm386 and I just get the following error: dmc -c src\rt\minit.asm masm386 -DM_I386=1 -D_WIN32 -Mx src\rt\minit.asm; Assembling: src\rt\minit.asm; MASM : fatal error A1000: cannot open file : src\rt\minit.asm; Does anyone know how to solve this error (minit.asm exists in src\rt\) or is there any other solution (for e.g. based on the stable version of phobos)? Thx in advance!
Re: Socket: The connection was reset
Works perfectly, thanks :)
But... how can I read the complete HTTP-header? When I try the following:
string header;
ubyte[1024] buffer;
while (cs.receive(buffer)) header ~= buffer;
... it works as long as the header doesn't have a length like 1024, 2048,
3072... Otherwise cs.receive() blocks forever and the server doesn't respond
anything. Is there any solution how to prevent/solve this problem?
== Auszug aus DNewbie (r...@myopera.com)'s Artikel
Try this
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
cs.receive(new byte[1024]);
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\nHello
World);
cs.close();
}
On Thu, Feb 9, 2012, at 07:31 PM, Nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
I wrote the following few lines:
private {
import std.socket;
}
void main() {
Socket s = new TcpSocket();
s.bind(new InternetAddress(80));
s.listen(0);
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\nHello
World);
cs.close();
}
s.close();
}
The code compiles successfully and I also the server also responses with
Hello World, but when I reload the page I sometimes get the following
error (Firefox): The
connection was reset - I also often get the same error in other
browsers. Is there anything wrong with the code?
Thanks in advance!
Re: Socket: The connection was reset
Yep, thanks... but I already checked out the return value and the problem is
If the socket is blocking, receive waits until there is data to be received..
The following
socket blocks and the server doesn't respond:
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
ubyte[] header;
ubyte[1] buffer;
while (cs.receive(buffer)) header ~= buffer;
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\nHello World);
cs.close();
}
cs.receive() blocks (because no more data is available) - cs.sendTo() and
cs.close() isn't called, because cs.receive() waits for more data. I can solve
the problem by using
non-blocking sockets:
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
cs.blocking(false);
ubyte[] header;
ubyte[1] buffer;
while (cs.receive(buffer)) header ~= buffer;
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\nHello World);
cs.close();
}
But... how can I make sure that I got all data sent by the client/browser?
== Auszug aus DNewbie (r...@myopera.com)'s Artikel
nrgyzer,
please check the return value of 'receive'.
http://dlang.org/phobos/std_socket.html#receive
On Fri, Feb 10, 2012, at 02:06 PM, nrgyzer wrote:
Works perfectly, thanks :)
But... how can I read the complete HTTP-header? When I try the following:
string header;
ubyte[1024] buffer;
while (cs.receive(buffer)) header ~= buffer;
... it works as long as the header doesn't have a length like 1024, 2048,
3072... Otherwise cs.receive() blocks forever and the server doesn't
respond
anything. Is there any solution how to prevent/solve this problem?
== Auszug aus DNewbie (r...@myopera.com)'s Artikel
Try this
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
cs.receive(new byte[1024]);
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 11\r\n\r\nHello
World);
cs.close();
}
On Thu, Feb 9, 2012, at 07:31 PM, Nrgyzer wrote:
Hi guys,
I wrote the following few lines:
private {
import std.socket;
}
void main() {
Socket s = new TcpSocket();
s.bind(new InternetAddress(80));
s.listen(0);
while(true) {
Socket cs = s.accept();
cs.sendTo(HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length:
11\r\n\r\nHello
World);
cs.close();
}
s.close();
}
The code compiles successfully and I also the server also responses with
Hello World, but when I reload the page I sometimes get the following
error (Firefox): The
connection was reset - I also often get the same error in other
browsers. Is there anything wrong with the code?
Thanks in advance!
std.stream.Stream.read([...]) matches both
Hi, I used Stream.read(out float) to read bytes of my stream. It worked for 2.056, but when I try to compile my code using 2.057 I get the following message: ((shared(float))) matches both: std.stream.Stream.read(out float x) and: std.stream.Stream.read(out real x) Because of threading the value must be shared... but how can I solve the double matching of the methods? Thanks in advance!
Internal error: ..\ztc\cgcs.c 352
Hi guys,
I get an internal error in \ztc\cgcs.c 352 when I try to do the following:
HashMap!(uint, float[2]) example;
void main() {
example = new HashMap!(uint, float[2])();
example.set(0, [10.f, 20.f]);
example.set(10, [100.f, 200.f]);
foreach (ref c; example.keys) std.stdio.writeln(example[c][0]);
// same result by using foreach (ref c; example.keys) std.stdio.writeln
(example.elemAt(c).front()[0]);
}
I know that dcollection is a third party library, but it seems to be an error/
bug in the latest dmd compiler (2.056). Btw... the following code works:
HashMap!(uint, float[2]) example;
void main() {
example = new HashMap!(uint, float[2])();
example.set(0, [10.f, 20.f]);
example.set(10, [100.f, 200.f]);
foreach (ref c; example.keys) {
float[2] f = example.elemAt(c).front();
std.stdio.writeln(f[0]);
}
}
Can anyone confirm the error? Thanks!
shared members and castings
Hi guys,
is there any way to use shared members without casting them? Fox example:
class Example {
private shared HashSet!(string) ex;
...
this() {
ex = cast(shared) new HashSet!(string)();
}
void write() {
foreach (ref c; cast(HashSet!(string)) ex) {
std.stdio.writeln(c);
}
}
}
Without casting, I always get some errors. My classes contains many different
collections and values, so I've many casts which makes the code at some points
a bit unclear. Is there any way to prevent the casting from/to shared objects?
Re: Insert array into an AA
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Thu, 18 Aug 2011 06:47:32 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
== Auszug aus Robert Clipsham (rob...@octarineparrot.com)'s
Artikel
On 16/08/2011 20:17, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi everyone,
I've the following:
private static ubyte[][2][hash_t] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances[toHash()] = new ubyte[2]; // does not work
}
I want insert every class instance into the hashmap. Every
class
instance should be contained in the map after the constructor
was
called. When I compile my code, I get Error: cannot implicitly
convert expression (new ubyte[](2u)) of type ubyte[] to ubyte[]
[]
which is logical. But is there any way to insert every
instance into
the array and define the array/map for this entry?
Thanks in advance!
Is there any particular reason you're using ubyte[][2][hash_t]
there? To
keep a reference to each instance simply use:
class MyClass {
static MyClass[] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances ~= this;
}
}
If you in fact want to have a hashmap indexed by the instances
with
values of type ubyte[][2], you can do this:
class MyClass {
static ubyte[][2][MyClass] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances[this] = new ubyte[][2];
}
}
The problem in your original code is that you were using = new
ubyte[2]
rather than = new ubyte[][2]. Hope this helps.
Ok, that works - thx.
@Steve: I'll delete the entries from the map, but what's about
overriding the toHash()-function and return a simply int value?
If two instances return the same hash value (as is easily possible,
but
maybe not for your context), then a collision occurs. Then opCmp
is used
to determine if they are actually identical.
If you use hash_t as your key, then only one object is stored in
the map,
the other is simply overwritten.
I also need this map-structure for further steps in my
application. I's
possible to change it to
ubyte[][hash_t] classInstancesOne; // or ubyte[][MyClass]
ubyte[][hash_t] classInstancesTwo; // or ubyte[][MyClass]
but I thought one map for the same sense is better.
ubyte[][Object] should work for all class types.
Btw: I've two classes where one inherits:
class MyClassOne {
protected {
static __gshared {
uint counter;
uint[MyClassOne] fixedData;
}
uint otherData;
this(uint d) {
otherData = d;
}
}
this() {
fixedData[this] = ++counter;
}
@property ref {
uint myPropOne() { return fixedData[this]; }
uint myPropTwo() { return otherData; }
}
}
class MyClassTwo : MyClassOne {
shared(MyClassOne) supInstance;
this(uint d, MyClassOne mco) {
super(d);
supInstance = mco;
}
override ref alias supInstance.myPropOne myPropOne;
}
When I create an instance of MyClassOne and call myPropOne on it,
I get
1. When I'm using this instance to create an instance of
MyClassTwo and call myPropOne, I get 0. Is there anything I'm
doing
wrong?
That crazy override ref alias line, I have no idea what you're doing
there. For sure, override ref is not needed.
I'm surprised all of this compiles.
What I'm trying to do is: One super-class which contains some
fixed data
(not inheritable) and some data which are different for each
class.
Note that protected does not prevent MyClassTwo from changing it.
Also note that even though you've only created one instance of
MyClassOne,
every MyClassTwo instance is a MyClassOne (and calls MyClassOne's
constructor). I think you have applied the wrong techniques to
solving
your design. Without knowing further your design/context, I can't
really
help.
-Steve
I'm working on a game where the player can build different buildings.
There are some general building-structures which defines the costs to
build it and some other things, but the name of each building can be
modified by the player. So, each building can have it's own name, but
the costs to build are always the same for each building.
To prevent the redefinition of all the property-methods, I want
redirect the properties of a simple building-property to it's
building structure. For example:
class BuildingShell {
private float[BuildingShell] pCostsToBuild;
protected {
string pName;
this(string name) {
pName = name;
}
}
this(string name, float costs) {
pName = name;
pCostsToBuild[this] = costs;
}
@property {
ref float costsToBuild() { return pCostsToBuild[this]; }
string name() { return pName; }
}
}
class Building : BuildingShell {
shared(BuildingShell) pShell;
this(BuldingShell bs, string name) {
super(name);
pShell = cast(shared) bs;
}
override @property
Re: Insert array into an AA
== Auszug aus Robert Clipsham (rob...@octarineparrot.com)'s Artikel
On 16/08/2011 20:17, nrgyzer wrote:
Hi everyone,
I've the following:
private static ubyte[][2][hash_t] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances[toHash()] = new ubyte[2]; // does not work
}
I want insert every class instance into the hashmap. Every class
instance should be contained in the map after the constructor was
called. When I compile my code, I get Error: cannot implicitly
convert expression (new ubyte[](2u)) of type ubyte[] to ubyte[][]
which is logical. But is there any way to insert every instance into
the array and define the array/map for this entry?
Thanks in advance!
Is there any particular reason you're using ubyte[][2][hash_t] there? To
keep a reference to each instance simply use:
class MyClass {
static MyClass[] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances ~= this;
}
}
If you in fact want to have a hashmap indexed by the instances with
values of type ubyte[][2], you can do this:
class MyClass {
static ubyte[][2][MyClass] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances[this] = new ubyte[][2];
}
}
The problem in your original code is that you were using = new ubyte[2]
rather than = new ubyte[][2]. Hope this helps.
Ok, that works - thx.
@Steve: I'll delete the entries from the map, but what's about overriding the
toHash()-function and return a simply int value?
I also need this map-structure for further steps in my application. I's
possible to change it to
ubyte[][hash_t] classInstancesOne; // or ubyte[][MyClass]
ubyte[][hash_t] classInstancesTwo; // or ubyte[][MyClass]
but I thought one map for the same sense is better.
Btw: I've two classes where one inherits:
class MyClassOne {
protected {
static __gshared {
uint counter;
uint[MyClassOne] fixedData;
}
uint otherData;
this(uint d) {
otherData = d;
}
}
this() {
fixedData[this] = ++counter;
}
@property ref {
uint myPropOne() { return fixedData[this]; }
uint myPropTwo() { return otherData; }
}
}
class MyClassTwo : MyClassOne {
shared(MyClassOne) supInstance;
this(uint d, MyClassOne mco) {
super(d);
supInstance = mco;
}
override ref alias supInstance.myPropOne myPropOne;
}
When I create an instance of MyClassOne and call myPropOne on it, I get 1.
When I'm using this instance to create an instance of
MyClassTwo and call myPropOne, I get 0. Is there anything I'm doing wrong?
What I'm trying to do is: One super-class which contains some fixed data (not
inheritable) and some data which are different for each
class.
Insert array into an AA
Hi everyone,
I've the following:
private static ubyte[][2][hash_t] classInstances;
this() {
classInstances[toHash()] = new ubyte[2]; // does not work
}
I want insert every class instance into the hashmap. Every class
instance should be contained in the map after the constructor was
called. When I compile my code, I get Error: cannot implicitly
convert expression (new ubyte[](2u)) of type ubyte[] to ubyte[][]
which is logical. But is there any way to insert every instance into
the array and define the array/map for this entry?
Thanks in advance!
Read property using std.stream.Stream.read
Hi guys,
I'm trying to read a property of a class like:
class MyClass {
private ubyte pToRead;
@property ubyte toRead() { return pToRead; }
}
...
File f = new File(...);
MyClass c = new MyClass();
f.read(c.toRead);
...
but when I compile my code, I always get:
executable.d(389): Error: function std.stream.Stream.read (ubyte[]
buffer) is not callable using argument types (ubyte)
executable.d(389): Error: cannot implicitly convert expression
(c.toRead()) of type ubyte to wchar[]
Re: Read property using std.stream.Stream.read
== Auszug aus nrgyzer (nrgy...@gmail.com)'s Artikel
Hi guys,
I'm trying to read a property of a class like:
class MyClass {
private ubyte pToRead;
@property ubyte toRead() { return pToRead; }
}
...
File f = new File(...);
MyClass c = new MyClass();
f.read(c.toRead);
...
but when I compile my code, I always get:
executable.d(389): Error: function std.stream.Stream.read (ubyte[]
buffer) is not callable using argument types (ubyte)
executable.d(389): Error: cannot implicitly convert expression
(c.toRead()) of type ubyte to wchar[]
Answering my own question ;D - I solved it by adding ref to my
property like:
@property ref ubyte toRead() { return pToRead; }
exe-Icon
Hi guys, the most applications using there own icons for the exe-file. I'm currently using external tools to set my own icon for the exe, but is there any chance to automatically set the icon using the dmd compiler?
Re: exe-Icon
== Auszug aus Jimmy Cao (jcao...@gmail.com)'s Artikel --0015174780ae3c394704a9748211 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Yes, add it as an ICON resource. In a .rc file: 100 ICON icon.ico Then compile the resource file with your favorite resource compiler. Then pass the .res file as an argument to dmd. On Mon, Aug 1, 2011 at 10:27 AM, Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com wrote: Hi guys, the most applications using there own icons for the exe-file. I'm currently using external tools to set my own icon for the exe, but is there any chance to automatically set the icon using the dmd compiler? --0015174780ae3c394704a9748211 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Yes, add it as an ICON resource.divIn a .rc file:brblockquote class=3D= webkit-indent-blockquote style=3Dmargin: 0 0 0 40px; border: none; paddi= ng: 0px;divspan class=3DApple-style-span style=3Dfont- family: Monac= o, #39;DejaVu Sans Mono#39;, #39;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono#39;, #39;Luc= ida Console#39;, monospace; font-size: 12px; white-space: pre; background-= color: rgb(255, 255, 255); 100 ICON quot;icon.icoquot;/span/ div /blockquotedivdivThen compile the resource file with your favorite re= source compiler./divdivThen pass the .res file as an argument to dmd./= divdivbrdiv class=3Dgmail_quoteOn Mon, Aug 1, 2011 at 10:27 AM, Nr= gyzer span dir=3Dltrlt;a href=3Dmailto:nrgy...@gmail.com;nrgyzer@gm= ail.com/agt;/span wrote:br blockquote class=3Dgmail_quote style=3Dmargin:0 0 0 .8ex;border- left:1p= x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;Hi guys,br br the most applications using there own icons for the exe-file. I#39;mbr currently using external tools to set my own icon for the exe, but isbr there any chance to automatically set the icon using the dmd compiler?br /blockquote/divbr/div/div/div --0015174780ae3c394704a9748211-- Works - thanks :)
Re: Sending messages using socket
== Auszug aus Adam Ruppe (destructiona...@gmail.com)'s Artikel
Browsers speak HTTP, which is a higher level protocol than
plain sockets.
If you connect to your app with a simpler program, like nc,
you'll probably see the message.
If you want to serve web pages, consider one of these options:
a) Looking up the HTTP protocol itself. You've gotta send headers
before you send data or the browser won't understand what you are
replying to.
b) Use an existing web server, like Apache, and write your app as
a cgi program
The HTTP headers you need to send on a plain socket look like this:
=
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Content-Length: 11
Content-Type: text/html
hello world
=
instead of just plain hello world.
The message exchange works, but I've some trouble in getting the messages
correctly. I've the following, small apps:
module server;
import std.socket;
import std.stream;
import std.socketStream;
void main() {
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket();
s.bind(new InternetAddress(5088));
s.listen(1);
while(true) {
Socket a = s.accept();
SocketStream cs = new SocketStream(a);
string response = HELLO WORLD!;
cs.writeBlock(response.ptr, response.length);
a.close();
}
}
module client;
import std.socket;
import std.math;
import std.stream;
import std.socketStream;
import std.stdio : writeln;
void main() {
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket();
s.connect(new InternetAddress(127.0.0.1, 5088));
while(true) {
void[] msg;
SocketStream cs = new SocketStream(s);
cs.readBlock(msg.ptr, 12);
writeln(msg);
}
}
But... when I start the server and client, I don't get any response/and or my
message is empty. When I use the simply methods of streams
(like write()), it works but the problem is, that the following will end in an
endless loop:
module client;
import std.socket;
import std.math;
import std.stream;
import std.socketStream;
import std.stdio : writeln;
void main() {
TcpSocket s = new TcpSocket();
s.connect(new InternetAddress(127.0.0.1, 5088));
while(true) {
uint len;
string msg;
SocketStream cs = new SocketStream(s);
while(!cs.eof()) { // this loop repeats forever, although the
stream is empty
cs.read(len);
cs.readString(msg, len);
}
}
}
Sending messages using socket
Hi guys,
I'm trying to work with sockets but I've some trouble with them. I
implemented a really simple Socket which should simply send a text
message after accepting the request. My code is the following:
module server;
import std.socket;
void main() {
TcpSocket server = new TcpSocket();
server.bind(new InternetAddress(8080));
server.listen(1);
while(true) {
Socket cs = server.accept();
cs.send(test);
}
}
When I start my small sample application and tries to connect (http://
localhost:8080) to them using a browser I don't get any message. It
seems to work forever and sometimes I get my message test, but the
connection between my browser and my application won't finished.
When I add cs.close() after cs.send(test), the connection will be
closed, but I don't get any message in my browser - the browser says
that the service isn't available (error-page).
What's wrong with my code? = Thanks for any help :)
Re: Sending messages using socket
== Auszug aus Adam Ruppe (destructiona...@gmail.com)'s Artikel Browsers speak HTTP, which is a higher level protocol than plain sockets. If you connect to your app with a simpler program, like nc, you'll probably see the message. If you want to serve web pages, consider one of these options: a) Looking up the HTTP protocol itself. You've gotta send headers before you send data or the browser won't understand what you are replying to. b) Use an existing web server, like Apache, and write your app as a cgi program The HTTP headers you need to send on a plain socket look like this: = HTTP/1.0 200 OK Content-Length: 11 Content-Type: text/html hello world = instead of just plain hello world. Great - works, thanks :)
Re: Runtime evaluation
== Auszug aus Mafi (m...@example.org)'s Artikel
Am 07.07.2011 23:23, schrieb nrgyzer:
Hi guys,
I'm trying to read a string from a text file which contains a
value of an enumeration like:
enum MyEnum : string {
Entry_1 = abc,
Entry_2 = def,
Entry_3 = ghi,
}
Stream s = new File(myFile.ext, FileMode.In);
uint len;
s.read(len);
string entry = cast(string) s.readString(len);
s.close();
writeln(mixin(MyEnum. ~ entry));
myFile.ext may contain:
...
Entry_2
Entry_1
Entry_2
Entry_3
...
But mixin's are for compile time only... is there any chance to
do this or do I've to use another method (like if/else or switch/
case):
if (entry == Entry_1) ...
else if (entry == Entry_2) ...
...
Thanks a lot!
Metaprogramming is the keyword but you don't have to do it yourself.
Just use std.conv.to!MyEnum(string_without_the prefix).
Mafi
Thanks Mafi, exactly what I'm looking for :)
Runtime evaluation
Hi guys,
I'm trying to read a string from a text file which contains a value of an
enumeration like:
enum MyEnum : string {
Entry_1 = abc,
Entry_2 = def,
Entry_3 = ghi,
}
Stream s = new File(myFile.ext, FileMode.In);
uint len;
s.read(len);
string entry = cast(string) s.readString(len);
s.close();
writeln(mixin(MyEnum. ~ entry));
myFile.ext may contain:
...
Entry_2
Entry_1
Entry_2
Entry_3
...
But mixin's are for compile time only... is there any chance to do this or do
I've to use another method (like if/else or switch/case):
if (entry == Entry_1) ...
else if (entry == Entry_2) ...
...
Thanks a lot!
Int within ranges
Hi there, is there any possibility to get a sliced array from another array between two ranges like: int[uint] myArray; myArray[10] = 1000; myArray[20] = 2000; myArray[30] = 3000; myArray[40] = 4000; myArray[50] = 5000; int[] newArray = myArray[= 20 .. = 40]; // not able to do this writeln(newArray); // should print [2000, 3000, 4000] Is there any way to do this?
Re: Int within ranges
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 12:15:40 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com wrote: Hi there, is there any possibility to get a sliced array from another array between two ranges like: int[uint] myArray; myArray[10] = 1000; myArray[20] = 2000; myArray[30] = 3000; myArray[40] = 4000; myArray[50] = 5000; int[] newArray = myArray[= 20 .. = 40]; // not able to do this writeln(newArray); // should print [2000, 3000, 4000] Is there any way to do this? import dcollections.TreeMap; auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int); myArray[10] = 1000; myArray[20] = 2000; myArray[30] = 3000; myArray[40] = 4000; myArray[50] = 5000; // this is a little kludgy, but necessary since you require = 40 auto c = myArray.elemAt(40); c.popFront(); int newArray = array(myArray[20..c]); Note two things: 1. int[uint] is a hash, and so has no particular order. Therefore, there is no guarantee of iteration order, or that a range of such a container (if one existed) would be properly constructed with two keys. A TreeMap, or RedBlackTree, is sorted, and so the order is guaranteed. 2. dcollections.TreeMap is implemented with the same collection as std.container.RedBlackTree, so you could potentially do the same thing with it. But the dcollections.TreeMap API is more polished. -Steve Exactly what I'm looking for, but how can I realize that it also gives me the elements when the key doesn't exists like: import std.range; import dcollections.TreeMap; auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int); myArray[10] = 1000; myArray[20] = 2000; myArray[30] = 3000; myArray[45] = 4500; myArray[50] = 5000; auto c = myArray.elemAt(40); c.popFront(); int[] newArray = array(myArray[20..c]); writeln(newArray); This will throw an exception because element 40 doesn't exist. Is there any possibility to get the element 20 and 30 from this map?
Re: Int within ranges
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 14:52:24 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 12:15:40 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
Hi there,
is there any possibility to get a sliced array from another
array
between two ranges like:
int[uint] myArray;
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[40] = 4000;
myArray[50] = 5000;
int[] newArray = myArray[= 20 .. = 40]; // not able to do
this
writeln(newArray); // should print [2000, 3000, 4000]
Is there any way to do this?
import dcollections.TreeMap;
auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int);
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[40] = 4000;
myArray[50] = 5000;
// this is a little kludgy, but necessary since you require = 40
auto c = myArray.elemAt(40);
c.popFront();
int newArray = array(myArray[20..c]);
Note two things:
1. int[uint] is a hash, and so has no particular order.
Therefore,
there
is no guarantee of iteration order, or that a range of such a
container
(if one existed) would be properly constructed with two keys. A
TreeMap,
or RedBlackTree, is sorted, and so the order is guaranteed.
2. dcollections.TreeMap is implemented with the same collection
as
std.container.RedBlackTree, so you could potentially do the same
thing
with it. But the dcollections.TreeMap API is more polished.
-Steve
Exactly what I'm looking for, but how can I realize that it also
gives me the elements when the key doesn't exists like:
import std.range;
import dcollections.TreeMap;
auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int);
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[45] = 4500;
myArray[50] = 5000;
auto c = myArray.elemAt(40);
c.popFront();
int[] newArray = array(myArray[20..c]);
writeln(newArray);
This will throw an exception because element 40 doesn't exist. Is
there any possibility to get the element 20 and 30 from this map?
It might be useful to have elemAt return an empty range that is
located at
the place the element *would* be.
When this code was first written, in order to detect whether elemAt
found
your element, you compared it to container.end (similar to C++'s
STL).
But now that cursors are tiny ranges, and have an empty property, I
can
use that to indicate the element wasn't exactly found. So I can
change
the semantics to find the place the element *would* be.
myArray[20..41];
and it will find all elements = 20 and 41, regardless of whether
20 and
41 were valid elements.
Hm... can you post this as an enhancement to dcollections so it's
not
forgotten?
http://www.dsource.org/projects/dcollections/newticket
-Steve
Thanks! I created a new ticket... by the way - is there any bug in
DMD 2.053 by using my own opCmp? The following code throws me an
HiddenFuncException:
private import std.stdio : writeln;
class Example {
int pId;
this(int id) {
pId = id;
}
int opCmp(ref Example other) {
return pId - other.pId;
}
}
int main(string[] args) {
Example[] exps;
exps ~= new Example(1);
exps ~= new Example(2);
writeln(exps.sort);
return 1;
}
Re: Int within ranges
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 15:44:01 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 14:52:24 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
On Mon, 13 Jun 2011 12:15:40 -0400, nrgyzer
nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
Hi there,
is there any possibility to get a sliced array from another
array
between two ranges like:
int[uint] myArray;
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[40] = 4000;
myArray[50] = 5000;
int[] newArray = myArray[= 20 .. = 40]; // not able to do
this
writeln(newArray); // should print [2000, 3000, 4000]
Is there any way to do this?
import dcollections.TreeMap;
auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int);
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[40] = 4000;
myArray[50] = 5000;
// this is a little kludgy, but necessary since you require
= 40
auto c = myArray.elemAt(40);
c.popFront();
int newArray = array(myArray[20..c]);
Note two things:
1. int[uint] is a hash, and so has no particular order.
Therefore,
there
is no guarantee of iteration order, or that a range of such a
container
(if one existed) would be properly constructed with two
keys. A
TreeMap,
or RedBlackTree, is sorted, and so the order is guaranteed.
2. dcollections.TreeMap is implemented with the same
collection
as
std.container.RedBlackTree, so you could potentially do the
same
thing
with it. But the dcollections.TreeMap API is more polished.
-Steve
Exactly what I'm looking for, but how can I realize that it
also
gives me the elements when the key doesn't exists like:
import std.range;
import dcollections.TreeMap;
auto myArray = new TreeMap!(uint, int);
myArray[10] = 1000;
myArray[20] = 2000;
myArray[30] = 3000;
myArray[45] = 4500;
myArray[50] = 5000;
auto c = myArray.elemAt(40);
c.popFront();
int[] newArray = array(myArray[20..c]);
writeln(newArray);
This will throw an exception because element 40 doesn't exist.
Is
there any possibility to get the element 20 and 30 from this
map?
It might be useful to have elemAt return an empty range that is
located at
the place the element *would* be.
When this code was first written, in order to detect whether
elemAt
found
your element, you compared it to container.end (similar to C++'s
STL).
But now that cursors are tiny ranges, and have an empty
property, I
can
use that to indicate the element wasn't exactly found. So I can
change
the semantics to find the place the element *would* be.
myArray[20..41];
and it will find all elements = 20 and 41, regardless of
whether
20 and
41 were valid elements.
Hm... can you post this as an enhancement to dcollections so it's
not
forgotten?
http://www.dsource.org/projects/dcollections/newticket
-Steve
Thanks! I created a new ticket... by the way - is there any bug in
DMD 2.053 by using my own opCmp? The following code throws me an
HiddenFuncException:
private import std.stdio : writeln;
class Example {
int pId;
this(int id) {
pId = id;
}
int opCmp(ref Example other) {
The signature of this function must be
int opCmp(Object other)
Note, also, that ref is unnecessary, as all objects (i.e. class
instances)
are passed by reference.
-Steve
Works, thanks for all that!
Re: Interface/abstract constructors
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Mon, 16 May 2011 15:32:43 -0400, useo unkn...@unknown.com
wrote:
Hey guys,
is there any chance to create an abstract constructor like:
abstract class ABC {
abstract this();
}
DMD always says ...this non-virtual functions cannot be
abstract -
when I use an interface like:
interface ABC {
this();
}
I get a similar error: ...constructors, destructors, postblits,
invariants, unittests, new and delete functions are not allowed in
interface ABC
Is there any solution or is it possible to create such
inheritances
in DMD?
I think what you are trying to do is say, if a class implements
interface
ABC, it must have a default constructor. Such a requirement is
faulty.
The point of an interface is to able to pass a portion of a class'
functionality to a function during runtime. However, the instance
must
*already exist*. It makes no sense to posit requirements on the
constructor.
What you want is a compile-time requirement using a template
constraint.
You may think damn, but I don't want to make my function a
template, I'd
say see previous point ;)
-Steve
Okay, thanks... perhaps someone know a better solution: I have one
big file which contains some other files (let's say: blocks). Each
block has it's own signature... by reading the big file, I read the
signature of each block. Based on the signature, I read block A,
block B or another Block. To do that, I want call the block-specific
constructor which reads the next bytes.
!Semicode:
...
ABC[] blocks;
...
while (!eof(bigfile)) {
read(signature);
if (signature==A) blocks ~= new A(bigfile);
else if (signature==B) blocks ~= new B(bigfile);
...
}
...
Re: Interface/abstract constructors
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Mon, 16 May 2011 16:12:05 -0400, nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Mon, 16 May 2011 15:32:43 -0400, useo unkn...@unknown.com
wrote:
Hey guys,
is there any chance to create an abstract constructor like:
abstract class ABC {
abstract this();
}
DMD always says ...this non-virtual functions cannot be
abstract -
when I use an interface like:
interface ABC {
this();
}
I get a similar error: ...constructors, destructors,
postblits,
invariants, unittests, new and delete functions are not
allowed in
interface ABC
Is there any solution or is it possible to create such
inheritances
in DMD?
I think what you are trying to do is say, if a class implements
interface
ABC, it must have a default constructor. Such a requirement is
faulty.
The point of an interface is to able to pass a portion of a
class'
functionality to a function during runtime. However, the
instance
must
*already exist*. It makes no sense to posit requirements on the
constructor.
What you want is a compile-time requirement using a template
constraint.
You may think damn, but I don't want to make my function a
template, I'd
say see previous point ;)
-Steve
Okay, thanks... perhaps someone know a better solution: I have one
big file which contains some other files (let's say: blocks). Each
block has it's own signature... by reading the big file, I read
the
signature of each block. Based on the signature, I read block A,
block B or another Block. To do that, I want call the block-
specific
constructor which reads the next bytes.
!Semicode:
...
ABC[] blocks;
...
while (!eof(bigfile)) {
read(signature);
if (signature==A) blocks ~= new A(bigfile);
else if (signature==B) blocks ~= new B(bigfile);
...
}
...
No special requirements are necessary. How would this compile if A
or B
did not have a bigfile constructor? The interface specification is
not
needed.
If D supported runtime reflection (and it does to a very very small
degree), then you could use it to ensure the correct constructor is
available.
-Steve
It's semicode, so I haven't try to implement it... it should only
show what I'm trying to do.
I'm currently thinking about an empty constructor in an abstract
class like:
abstract class ABC {
this(Stream) {
// do nothing
}
}
class A : ABC {
this(Stream s) {
super(s);
// read my block-specific bytes
}
}
Re: toHash() and Interfaces
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Thu, 05 May 2011 17:03:51 -0400, Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
Hey guys,
I'm trying to call toHash() in a class which receives an interface
class as input param. But I always get Error: no property
'toHash'
for type
My code looks like:
module iFBlock;
private {
import std.stream;
}
interface IFBlock {
public {
void write(Stream);
}
}
module myFile;
private {
import iFBlock;
}
class MyFile {
private {
IFBlock[hash_t] pBlocks;
}
public {
void addBlock(IFBlock b) {
pBlocks[b.toHash()] = b;
}
}
}
Is there any chance to get the hash of the FBlock-interface?
(cast(Object)b).toHash()
D has this horrible notion that any interface can be for a COM
object,
even though COM interfaces can only inherit from IUnknown (known
statically). Therefore, interfaces that don't inherit from
IUnknown are
not considered Objects, even though they could and should be.
So you have to manually cast an interface to Object in order to
call an
Object function.
-Steve
Ah, okay - a bit dirty solution, but it works, thanks!
toHash() and Interfaces
Hey guys,
I'm trying to call toHash() in a class which receives an interface
class as input param. But I always get Error: no property 'toHash'
for type
My code looks like:
module iFBlock;
private {
import std.stream;
}
interface IFBlock {
public {
void write(Stream);
}
}
module myFile;
private {
import iFBlock;
}
class MyFile {
private {
IFBlock[hash_t] pBlocks;
}
public {
void addBlock(IFBlock b) {
pBlocks[b.toHash()] = b;
}
}
}
Is there any chance to get the hash of the FBlock-interface?
Thanks in advance!
Re: Assertion failure: '!vthis-csym' on line 703 in file 'glue.c'
== Auszug aus David Nadlinger (s...@klickverbot.at)'s Artikel
On 3/26/11 11:08 PM, bearophile wrote:
I suggest to copy your code, and then keep removing lines from
your copy, making sure it keep showing the same compiler error. In
some time you will probably be able to produce a small program, fit
for this newsgroup or even for Bugzilla. (There are tools to do this
reduction automatically in Python, I think).
You don't necessarily need fancy tools to do that – as I recently
pointed out in another thread, the Tigris »delta« tool worked
fine for
me on several occasions (http://delta.tigris.org/). Just write a
simple
shell script looking for the error message in the compiler output,
and
delta will try to automatically reduce the file for you.
There is some room for improvement though when you have an actual
lexer/parser available for heuristically determining what pieces of
code
to delete – this might be a nice demonstration project for a D
parsing
library.
David
I figured out what produces the error - import
dcollections.LinkList; (declared as private) in one source file. But
I'm still unable to reproduce that error in a sample-application.
What I currently can say, that I have two source files like:
module firstModule;
private {
import dcollections.LinkList;
LinkList!(uint) myPrivateList;
}
static this() {
myPrivateList = new LinkList!(uint);
}
module secondModule;
import firstModule;
import dcollections.LinkList;
LinkList!(uint) list;
void main(string[] args) {
list = new LinkList!(uint);
}
In my tests, that code above doesn't produces the assertion failure,
but my original source code looks very similar.
Re: Assertion failure: '!vthis-csym' on line 703 in file 'glue.c'
== Auszug aus bearophile (bearophileh...@lycos.com)'s Artikel nrgyzer: In my tests, that code above doesn't produces the assertion failure, but my original source code looks very similar. You may have to start over then. I suggest to duplicate the whole code, and then start on the copied version removing modules and lines of code, compiling it every time you remove something, making sure you keep seeing the error message every time, and undoing the change when you see the error vanish or change. Bye, bearophile That's a bit mysterious... I replaced firstModule with the source which produces the error. Now... when I run my test application, I get the same failure - but... that's not all - when I restore firstModule to the version which didn't produce the failure, I just get the same error. When I copy the source files to a new location and compile it, I didn't get the error. It seems that there is anything like a cache, but I removed all produced (obj, rsp...) files, expect the exe- and d-files. Thus I think there should be something like a cache. I currently haven't any idea what I can do to reproduce the failure efficently.
Assertion failure: '!vthis-csym' on line 703 in file 'glue.c'
Hey guys, I got Assertion failure: '!vthis-csym' on line 703 in file 'glue.c' after I add LinkList!(uint) myList; to my source file. I figured out that the same bug was already reported on http://lists.puremagic.com/ pipermail/digitalmars-d-bugs/2010-October/019237.html Ticket 4129 describes a bug in glue.c but for DMD 1.x and I'm using DMD 2.052. I can't also reproduce the error in other projects - it seems that it only exists in this project. In this case I think it makes no sense to post thousand lines of code. Thus I hope anyone know what can be wrong = thanks!
Read file/stream
I'm trying to read a png file and I'm having some trouble with the
chunk-size. Each chunk of a png file begins with a 4 byte (unsigned)
integer. When I read this 4 byte integer (uint) I get an absolutely
incorrect length. My code currently looks like:
void main(string args) {
File f = new File(test.png, FileMode.In);
// png signature
ubyte[8] buffer;
f.read(buffer);
// first chunk (IHDR)
uint size;
f.read(size);
f.close();
}
When I run my code, I get 218103808 instead of 13 (decimal) or 0x0D
(hex). When I try to read the 4 byte integer as a ubyte[4]-array, I
get [0, 0, 0, 13] where 13 seems to be the correct ones because my
hex-editor says [0x00 0x00 0x00 0x0D] for these 4 bytes.
I hope anyone know where my mistake is. Thanks!
Re: OpenGL in D2
== Auszug aus Sequ (u...@example.net)'s Artikel Quoted from Nrgyzer: On windows you've to create a folder called lib before you run the command above - I currently can't say it exactly if it's needed on linux, too. I did need to create a 'lib' directory before running 'make - flinux.mak DC=dmd'. After it compiled, you can copy all the created lib-files to the lib-folder My 'lib' folder was in /usr/lib, although that folder didn't contain 'phobos.lib', but 'libphobos2.a'. Hopefully that works correctly. Copy the content of the import-dir to a location where you've all your binding for D For now, I've just copied it into an 'import' folder in the same folder as my source code. I suspect the correct directory is '/usr/include/d/dmd/ druntime/import'. I got an SDL example working by then using the command: dmd -L-lDerelictGL -L-lDerelictGLU -L-lDerelictUtil -L-lDerelictSDL test_sdl.d but unfortunately I couldn't get my example working, because it requires GLUT and the derelict library doesn't have that included. I'd actually prefer to use GLUT and also, eventually, other obscure C libraries that I know no-one else would have ported, but I suppose I'll take a look at the links provided in Trass3r's post before asking more about that. As I know, GLUT was also ported (http://www.yage3d.net/host/ derelict.glut.zip). I also tried it with DMD and Derelict - both V1, but I can't get it to work. I think the mistake was on my own, but I didn't spend them much time. The binding is from 2006 (or 2007) and for those I don't suggest you to use it, especially I think it doesn't work with DMD 2 and/or Derelict 2. I hope this helped :) Thanks, yes that was quite helpful! Quoted from Dmitry Olshansky: Sadly your file goes like rubbish for me, is that base64 ? Yeah, I see it turned out odd, but I'm using the web interface to post here (it seems my Thunderbird in the Lab can't access the news server from behind all the firewalls - or something). The file is actually just one of the first examples from the OpenGL tutorials.
Re: Read non-UTF8 file
== Auszug aus Stewart Gordon (smjg_1...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
What compiler version/platform are you using? I had to fix some errors
before it would
compile on mine (1.066/2.051 Windows).
On 19/02/2011 13:42, Nrgyzer wrote:
snip
Now... and with writefln(%s, cast(ubyte[]) convertToUTF8(f.readLine()));
I get the following:
[195, 131, 164]
[195, 131, 182]
[195, 131, 188]
It took a while for me to make sense of what's going on!
The expressions (0xC0 | (ch 6)) and (0x80 | (ch 0x3F)) both have type
int. It
appears that, in D2, if you append an int to a string then it treats the int
as a Unicode
codepoint and automagically converts it to UTF-8. But why is it doing it on
the first
byte and not the second? This looks like a bug.
Casting each UTF-8 byte value to a char
if (ch 0x80) {
result ~= cast(char) ch;
} else {
result ~= cast(char) (0xC0 | (ch 6));
result ~= cast(char) (0x80 | (ch 0x3F));
}
gives the expected output
[195, 164]
[195, 182]
[195, 188]
HTH
Stewart.
I also wondered because I've used the same code in D1 and it worked without any
problems. Anyway... thanks :)
Re: OpenGL in D2
== Auszug aus Siqu (u...@example.net)'s Artikel Hi, I'm trying to figure out how I could get a simple OpenGL/GLUT program working in DMD2. As an attachment, I've added a C version of what I'd like to do. I'd compile the C version using: gcc simple.c -lglut -lGLU -o simple I've found a few OpenGL projects, like bindings (http://www.dsource.org/projects/bindings/) and derelict (http://www.dsource.org/projects/derelict/), but I still can't find any way to easily use or install them (for D2 on Ubuntu). I'd have thought that, since D interfaces so well with C, just using C libraries wouldn't require specific wrapper libraries, but it seems an automated method for converting C headers to D isn't currently possible? Anyway, any help would be appreciated, Thanks. simple.c I'm using derelict, primary on windows, but I've also a running version on Ubuntu. You can download derelict at http://www.dsource.org/projects/derelict/ changeset/525/branches/Derelict2?old_path=%2Fformat=zip I think you've already a running version of the dmd-compiler? If yes, you can simply extract the package, open your shell browse to the extracted folder and run make -flinux.mak DC=dmd which worked for me on windows and linux (make sure you've installed make and dmd is in your environment-values). On windows you've to create a folder called lib before you run the command above - I currently can't say it exactly if it's needed on linux, too. After it compiled, you can copy all the created lib-files to the lib- folder (I think this should be /usr/lib or something like this - run find / -name 'phobos.lib' and copy the lib-files to the same directory where phobos.lib is located. Copy the content of the import-dir to a location where you've all your binding for D, so that you can simply use import derelict.sdl.sdl or similar. When you've installed it correctly, you can use derelict/opengl like described on the derelict site. Note that you have to use 'pragma (lib, DerelictSDL)' or similar to use the binding. It is also important the you insert 'pragma(lib, dl)' in you source that you can compile it successfully. I hope this helped :)
Re: Read non-UTF8 file
== Auszug aus spir (denis.s...@gmail.com)'s Artikel On 02/19/2011 02:42 PM, Nrgyzer wrote: == Auszug aus Stewart Gordon (smjg_1...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel On 13/02/2011 21:49, Nrgyzer wrote: snip It compiles and works as long as the returned char-array/string of f.readLine() doesn't contain non-UTF8 character(s). If it contains such chars, writeln() doesn't write anything to the console. Is there any chance to read such files? Please post sample input that shows the problem, and the output generated by replacing the writeln call with writefln(%s, cast(ubyte[]) convertToUTF8(f.readLine())); so that we can see what it is actually reading in. Stewart. My file contains the following: � � � Now... and with writefln(%s, cast(ubyte[]) convertToUTF8(f.readLine())); I get the following: [195, 131, 164] [195, 131, 182] [195, 131, 188] At first sight, I find your input strange. Actually, it looks like utf-8 (195 is common when representing converted latin text). But having 3 times (195, 131) which is the code for 'Ã' is weird. What is your source text, what is its encoding, and where does it come from? What don't you /start/ and tell us about that? Denis It seems that my input chars doesn't show correctly above... it contains the following chars: 0xE4 (or 228), 0xF6 (or 246) and 0xFC (or 252) I used notepad to create the file and saved it as ANSI encoding. The file is for testing purposes only.
Re: Read non-UTF8 file
== Auszug aus Stewart Gordon (smjg_1...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel On 13/02/2011 21:49, Nrgyzer wrote: snip It compiles and works as long as the returned char-array/string of f.readLine() doesn't contain non-UTF8 character(s). If it contains such chars, writeln() doesn't write anything to the console. Is there any chance to read such files? Please post sample input that shows the problem, and the output generated by replacing the writeln call with writefln(%s, cast(ubyte[]) convertToUTF8(f.readLine())); so that we can see what it is actually reading in. Stewart. My file contains the following: � � � Now... and with writefln(%s, cast(ubyte[]) convertToUTF8(f.readLine())); I get the following: [195, 131, 164] [195, 131, 182] [195, 131, 188]
Read non-UTF8 file
Hey guys,
I've the following source:
module filereader;
import std.file;
import std.stdio : writeln;
void main(string[] args) {
File f = new File(myFile.ext, FileMode.In);
while(!f.eof()) {
writeln(convertToUTF8(f.readLine()));
}
f.close();
}
string convertToUTF8(char[] text) {
string result;
for (uint i=0; itext.length; i++) {
wchar ch = text[i];
if (ch 0x80) {
result ~= ch;
} else {
result ~= 0xC0 | (ch 6);
result ~= 0x80 | (ch 0x3F);
}
}
return result;
}
It compiles and works as long as the returned char-array/string of f.readLine()
doesn't contain non-UTF8 character(s). If it contains such
chars, writeln() doesn't write anything to the console. Is there any chance to
read such files?
Thanks a lot!
foreach over string enum
Hey guys,
I'm trying to iterate over an enumeration which contains strings like
the this:
enum FileName : string {
file1 = file1.ext,
file2 = file2.ext
}
I already found this article: http://lists.puremagic.com/pipermail/
digitalmars-d/2007-July/021920.html but it's an enum which contains
integers instead of strings, thus I can't use min- or max-property.
Any suggestions - thanks in advance!
Re: foreach over string enum
== Auszug aus Jesse Phillips (jessekphillip...@gmail.com)'s Artikel
Nrgyzer Wrote:
Hey guys,
I'm trying to iterate over an enumeration which contains strings
like
the this:
enum FileName : string {
file1 = file1.ext,
file2 = file2.ext
}
I already found this article: http://lists.puremagic.com/
pipermail/
digitalmars-d/2007-July/021920.html but it's an enum which
contains
integers instead of strings, thus I can't use min- or max-
property.
Any suggestions - thanks in advance!
I'll just be leaving this here, if you need more explanation ask,
but maybe you'll understand:
import std.stdio;
enum FileName : string {
file1 = file1.ext,
file2 = file2.ext
}
void main(string args[])
{
foreach(a; __traits(allMembers, FileName))
writeln(mixin(FileName. ~ a));
}
I've already worked with the mixin-statement, but the __trait is new.
As I can see in the documentation, it provides some interesting
features.
Your solution works great, thanks!
Re: Associative array and ranges
== Auszug aus bearophile (bearophileh...@lycos.com)'s Artikel
Nrgyzer:
Is there any chance to cast/convert this array to an indexed
array or
is it possible to iterate over specific indices? I know that
there is
something like next() for the foreach-statement but when the array
contains some thousand instances and I only want iterate over (for
example) 5 elements I think that's the wrong way.
Show a hypothetical code example of what you desire to do, please.
Bye,
bearophile
Example:
...
class Example(T : Drawable) : Drawable {
T[hash_t] pObjectsToDraw;
uint pFrom, pTo;
void setLimit(from, to) {
pFrom = from;
pTo = to;
}
void remove(T objToRemove) {
pObjectsToDraw.remove(objToRemove.toHash());
}
override void draw() {
for (uint i = pFrom; i pTo; i++) {
pOjectsToDraw[i].draw(); // cannot call
because pObjectsToDraw is an associative and no static or dynamic
array
}
}
}
Re: Associative array and ranges
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Thu, 03 Feb 2011 09:35:44 -0500, Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
== Auszug aus bearophile (bearophileh...@lycos.com)'s Artikel
Nrgyzer:
Is there any chance to cast/convert this array to an indexed
array or
is it possible to iterate over specific indices? I know that
there is
something like next() for the foreach-statement but when the
array
contains some thousand instances and I only want iterate over
(for
example) 5 elements I think that's the wrong way.
Show a hypothetical code example of what you desire to do,
please.
Bye,
bearophile
Example:
...
class Example(T : Drawable) : Drawable {
T[hash_t] pObjectsToDraw;
uint pFrom, pTo;
void setLimit(from, to) {
pFrom = from;
pTo = to;
}
void remove(T objToRemove) {
pObjectsToDraw.remove(objToRemove.toHash());
}
override void draw() {
for (uint i = pFrom; i pTo; i++) {
pOjectsToDraw[i].draw(); // cannot call
because pObjectsToDraw is an associative and no static or dynamic
array
}
}
}
First, hashes are not stored in any particular order, so I'm not
sure what
you expect to accomplish except give me (pTo - pFrom) random
elements
from the array
Second, you can use a foreach loop to get data out of an AA, and
then
break when you've retrieved enough elements.
Again, I'm not sure what the point is of starting in the middle of
the
array. Are you expecting something different from a hashtable?
-Steve
I know that hashes aren't stored in any order... but lets take the
LinkedHashSet in Java. The LinkedHashSet/Map stores the hashes in
order of inserting. With the toArray()-method I can loop over
specific elements/indices... but I can also remove the elements by
their hash. I'm looking for a similar technique in D - you can find
an Java example on http://www.java2s.com/Code/JavaAPI/java.util/
LinkedHashSettoArray.htm.
Re: Associative array and ranges
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Thu, 03 Feb 2011 10:41:16 -0500, Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com wrote:
== Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel
On Thu, 03 Feb 2011 09:35:44 -0500, Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com
wrote:
== Auszug aus bearophile (bearophileh...@lycos.com)'s Artikel
Nrgyzer:
Is there any chance to cast/convert this array to an indexed
array or
is it possible to iterate over specific indices? I know that
there is
something like next() for the foreach-statement but when the
array
contains some thousand instances and I only want iterate over
(for
example) 5 elements I think that's the wrong way.
Show a hypothetical code example of what you desire to do,
please.
Bye,
bearophile
Example:
...
class Example(T : Drawable) : Drawable {
T[hash_t] pObjectsToDraw;
uint pFrom, pTo;
void setLimit(from, to) {
pFrom = from;
pTo = to;
}
void remove(T objToRemove) {
pObjectsToDraw.remove(objToRemove.toHash());
}
override void draw() {
for (uint i = pFrom; i pTo; i++) {
pOjectsToDraw[i].draw(); // cannot call
because pObjectsToDraw is an associative and no static or dynamic
array
}
}
}
First, hashes are not stored in any particular order, so I'm not
sure what
you expect to accomplish except give me (pTo - pFrom) random
elements
from the array
Second, you can use a foreach loop to get data out of an AA, and
then
break when you've retrieved enough elements.
Again, I'm not sure what the point is of starting in the middle of
the
array. Are you expecting something different from a hashtable?
-Steve
I know that hashes aren't stored in any order... but lets take the
LinkedHashSet in Java. The LinkedHashSet/Map stores the hashes in
order of inserting. With the toArray()-method I can loop over
specific elements/indices... but I can also remove the elements by
their hash. I'm looking for a similar technique in D - you can find
an Java example on http://www.java2s.com/Code/JavaAPI/java.util/
LinkedHashSettoArray.htm.
The AA does not do that. Note that there is no builtin 'set' type in D
(there is one in dcollections).
Note that your worry about performance when iterating the AA is completely
negated by the toArray call -- this allocates space for your temporary
array, and necessarily iterates all elements, even if you only want 5.
You are better off not to do things this way.
Incidentally, I do plan on adding a Link*Set/Map to dcollections, because
I really like the array type in php (same thing). But this will not
provide constant access to the nth element, so it still will fail your
requirements.
The only thing I can think of is to store the elements in an array
alongside the hash map (do you need to look up elements by hash_t? If
not, why not just use an array directly?) to store the order of
insertion. This only works if you rarely remove elements (removal in an
array is an O(n) operation).
-Steve
I already thought about using an dynamic array like T[] (which contains all
elements that should be drawn) and a second like uint[hash_t] which contains
the indices in the first array. But it does only shit the problem that I can't
remove an index from a dynamic array.
Thanks for your suggestions.
Re: Associative array and ranges
== Auszug aus Stanislav Blinov (bli...@loniir.ru)'s Artikel 03.02.2011 19:34, Nrgyzer пишет: == Auszug aus Steven Schveighoffer (schvei...@yahoo.com)'s Artikel This only works if you rarely remove elements (removal in an array is an O(n) operation). -Steve I already thought about using an dynamic array like T[] (which contains all elements that should be drawn) and a second like uint[hash_t] which contains the indices in the first array. But it does only shit the problem that I can't remove an index from a dynamic array. Thanks for your suggestions. Why can't you? You can: 1) Get an index i from hash, do arr = arr[0..i] ~ arr[i+1..$] and then reindex all arr[i..$] elements. This is costly, because, as Steven mentioned, such removal is O(n) plus you have to iterate all elements with index = i, and this traversal is O(n) in the worst case. 2) Use unstable removal. Since you store indices separately, you can just swap an element to be removed with last element in the array, shrink array using slicing (arr = arr[0..$-1]) and reindex a single element (the one that was previously last in the array). The drawback is that this approach doesn't preserve order of elements in the array. Ah, okay... I already tried some things with [0..i] ~ [i + 1..$] but there was always an error and I thought, it must be done more simply. I'm just using a simple, dynamic array and use a for-loop to remove them. I don't need remove() often, but I thought there is any way to do it in O(1).
Associative array and ranges
Hey guys, I have an associative array like this: T[hash_t] myArray; (T means the template type). Is there any chance to cast/convert this array to an indexed array or is it possible to iterate over specific indices? I know that there is something like next() for the foreach-statement but when the array contains some thousand instances and I only want iterate over (for example) 5 elements I think that's the wrong way. It's for a game and I think every next()-call influences the fps. I hope there is any solution for my problem :) - Thanks!
Threads fibers
Hey guys,
I already posted a thread in the wrong section (digitalmars.D instead of
digitalmars.D.learn) - sorry for that. I'm looking for a solution to suspend/
interrupt threads which are sleeping.
In the last few minutes I figured out some things I didn't understand exactly. I
tested thread and fibers from the core.thread-package.
My first test-code is the following:
import std.stdio;
import core.thread;
a testInstance;
class a {
void writeTest() {
writeln(test);
}
}
void main(string[] args) {
testInstance = new a();
Thread t = new Thread(threadFunc);
t.start();
Thread.yield(); // give the thread a chance to call threadFunc()
}
void threadFunc() {
writeln(testInstance is null);
}
The result is: true which means that testInstance of type a is null - but I
already created a instance and if I write writeln(testInstance is null); after
Thread.yield(); in the main, it says false which means testInstance is a valid
instance of the class a. - Why does threadFunc() says true, when testInstance
should be a valid instance of a?
Next question: When I extend my threadFunc()... like the following:
void threadFunc() {
writeln(testInstance is null);
Thread.sleep(milliseconds(10_000));
}
... is there any chance to interrupt the Thread.sleep-command or to suspend the
thread? As I know, the join()-method does wait until the thread is finished, but
does not interrupt the sleep()-command.
I hope anyone can help and know how I can do this all.
... sorry for double posting in digitalmars.d!
Thanks in advance!
Re: Threads fibers
Nrgyzer nrgy...@gmail.com wrote: The result is: true which means that testInstance of type a is null - but I already created a instance and if I write writeln(testInstance is null); after Thread.yield(); in the main, it says false which means testInstance is a valid instance of the class a. - Why does threadFunc() says true, when testInstance should be a valid instance of a? The default storage in D is in TLS, that is, changes in one thread will not be visible to others. If instead you mark your class a as 'shared class a', it works the way you'd expect it to. ... is there any chance to interrupt the Thread.sleep-command or to suspend the thread? As I know, the join()-method does wait until the thread is finished, but does not interrupt the sleep()-command. I think the best way to do this would be using std.concurrency, and passing it a message. Not sure, though. Thanks, marking a as shared class works :)... I already used threads in D1 but there as I just know - since 2.030 I need shared- decleration.
Re: (coff)-Implib lib from dll
I just used implib libmysql.lib libmysql.dll /system but it produces the same errors.
Re: (coff)-Implib lib from dll
Thanks, but didn't help to change to implib /system libmysql.lib libmysql.dll - some errors.
Re: (coff)-Implib lib from dll
This solved the problems, thanks - but, when the line mysql = mysql_init(null); produces an access violation.
abstract function templates
Hey guys,
I've the following class:
abstract class Drawable {
public {
uint getHeight() { ... }
uint getWidth() { ... }
abstract {
void draw(T = void*)(uint zPos, T obj = null);
}
}
}
When I compile this code, it compiles without any errors.
Now... I have the following class:
class Texture : Drawable {
public {
override {
void draw(T = void*)(uint zPos, T obj = null)
{ ... }
}
}
}
When I create a new instance of Texture and try to call
newInstance.draw(50), I always get the following error:
Error: variable Texture.draw!(void*).draw.this override cannot be
applied to variable
Error: variable Texture.draw!(void*).draw.zPos override cannot be
applied to variable
Error: variable Texture.draw!(void*).draw.pbo override cannot be
applied to variable
Error: variable ... Texture.draw!(void*).draw.zPos override cannot
be applied to variable
I hope anyone can help me - thanks!
Re: abstract function templates
Ah, okay - remove override is enough. Thanks :)
Re: abstract function templates
I just figured out that this doesn't work, when I use a array with super class as base type, for example: Drawable[] textures; Then, I'll get the following error: Error: function draw!(void*).draw non-virtual functions cannot be abstract. I just implemented the draw-function as empty function, which doesn't create any errors, but I seems that it's not calling the draw- function of any texture instance. It seems that it is always calling Drawable.draw() - the empty function. When I create a new instance of my Texture-class, it calls the draw-function of the texture-instance.
Re: abstract function templates
The sense is that I have different, drawable classes/object - for
example a simple texture (not clickable) and a button (clickable).
When the user clicks the mouse, the obj-param which is defined by
using draw!(T = void*)(uint zPos, T obj = null) will be saved in a
template-struct which should have the type of obj - struct myStruct
(T). The advantage is, that I can use the obj referenced in the
struct without any casting.
I just solved the problem by declaring draw() as final-function and
used a new value as callback in the final draw()-function - for
example:
...
private void delegate() drawCallback;
public final void draw(T = void*)(uint zPos, T obj = null) {
drawCallback();
// ... do additional work
}
function pointers in D2
Hey guys,
I've used D1 in the past and D1 seems to check for correct function
pointers. In D2 I can pass any function pointer to an function, for
example:
...
void example(void function(int, int) fp) {
...
}
...
void callback1(int x, int y) {
}
void callback2() {
}
...
example(callback1); // Works in D1 and D2
example(callback2); // Works in D2, but D1 says that example needs
an pointer (int, int) signature which is logical. D1 says ... (void
function(int, int)) does not match parameter types void function())
But... why does D2 accept callback2? When I compile an application by
using debug mode in D2, the callback works... in release mode it
produces an object.Error: Access Violation.
Is there any chance to check for correct function pointers in D2?
undefined identifier getch()
Hey guys, I'm writing a console based tool for windows. To receive the users input, I try to use getch() but the compiler always says Error: undefined identifier getch. When I use getchar() it compiles successfully, but getchar() doesn't returns after a single input. Is there any equivalent version in D for getch? Thanks regards...
Re: undefined identifier getch()
Okay, but what function can I use to get the pressed key?
kbhit/_kbhit seems to do what I want, but hwo can I use it in D? I
always get the error, that kbhit (or similar functions) are not
available.
import std.stdio;
import std.c.stdlib;
import std.c.windows.windows;
void main(string[] args) {
kbhit();
_kbhit();
}
Re: undefined identifier getch()
Great, thanks :)
Base64 - Encoding and decoding
Hey guys,
I want encode and decode binary files like images, documents and similar file
types to use it in an binary xml. For those I created a
simple command line tool which encode or decode an file.
The encoding of files will be processed by these lines:
...
ubyte[] buffer;
buffer.length = source.available();
source.read(buffer);
string content;
for (uint i = 0; i buffer.length; i++) {
content ~= to!(char)(buffer[i]);
}
destination.write(encode(content));
...
This seems to work correctly, but when I want decode the file, I always get
std.base64.Base64CharException: Invalid base64 character.
I'm currently using the following to decode the file:
char[] content;
for (uint i = 0; i source.available(); i++) {
content ~= source.getc();
}
decode(to!(string)(content));
But... when I directly decode the encoded (without read the encoded content
from external file), the decoded file is valid.
I hope anyone know where's my mistake :)
Thanks!
Append wchar enumeration to string
Hello guys,
I have an enumeration which contains symbols of different currencies
like the following:
enum CURRENCY : wchar {
DOLLAR = '$',
EURO = '�',
YEN = ...
}
When I try to append it to a string like
char[] myString = Currency: ~ CURRENCY.DOLLAR
I get the following error: Error: incompatible types for... 'char[]'
and 'int'
But... when I try the following:
char[] myString = Currency: ~ cast(char) CURRENCY.DOLLAR
It works, but not for all currencies.
What can I do to support all currencies?
Thanks for any help.
Re: Append wchar enumeration to string
But for enums I can't use char[] as basetype and when I use cast(dchar) or cast(wchar) I also get Error: incompatible types for
Re: Append wchar enumeration to string
I solved the problem by using toUTF8 from std.utf but I think it's a dirty solution because I have to cast wchar to wchar[] because a simple toUTF8(CURRENCY.DOLLAR) matches wchar[] and dchar[] signatures.
opIndex() overloading for multiple arrays
Hey guys,
is it possible to overload opIndex() with a multiple array, for
example:
class Example {
...
char[] opIndex(uint index1, uint index2) {
return my text to return;
}
...
}
Example t = new Example();
writefln(t[0][10]);
Looking forward to hearing from anyone :)
Re: opIndex() overloading for multiple arrays
Thanks for reply... exactly, what I need.
