Fw: Paraguay Requirements

[ed . price]

Posted for Sandi:
 
 
 
 



  From: "Diane C. Bramblett" 
  Subject: Paraguay Requirements
  Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1999 11:59:48 -0400 
  To: emc-p...@ieee.org


> Does anyone know what (if any) emc and/or safety certifications are
> required for sale of a pc system in Paraguay?
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> Sandi 
> 
> ___
> You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail.
> Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html
> or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]
> 
> 

---End of Original Message-

--
Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA.  USA
619-505-2780
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 04/28/1999
Time: 12:10:35
Military & Avionics EMC Services Our Specialty
Also Environmental / Metrology / Reliability
--



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Hungary

[WOODS, RICHARD]

I found the following web site for MEEI, HUNGARIAN INSTITUTE FOR TESTING AND
CERTIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS.
http://www.omikk.hu/trebag/meei/angol/meeia.htm
 .

According to the site, safety certification is mandatory for certain
equipment including ITE. Does anyone have the latest status on Hungary's
acceptance of the CE mark in lieu of MEEI certification? It is not mentioned
on the web site.

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Re: Characterizing a screen room

[Robert Bonsen]

At 04:21 PM 4/27/99 GMT, you wrote:
>My company is planning to purchase a screen room for radiated emissions
>precompliance testing.
>
>I'm aware that reflections can cause resonances and drastically influence
>readings.  What kind of testing could I do to characterize the room (aside
from
>simple experience)?
>
The simple answer would be this: don't even try. You're much better off
using the company parking lot to do pre-compliance radiated emissions
testing. For conducted emissions/immunity, and to a certain extent radiated
immunity, a shielded room is great. But not for RE. 

The reason for this is the reflections/resonances you get from the walls
and the ceiling. You can get higher than 20 dB ripples on your measurements
in an untreated (no absorber materials on walls/ceiling) shielded room. And
these ripples are not very repeatable, they will change considerably with
position (eg, moving your antenna or EUT less than an inch may result in
field variations of much more than 10 dB). Because of these huge
variations, testing cannot help you characterize your room and take these
reflections into account in your emissions measurements.

If you absolutely need to use a shielded room, try lining it with absorber
materials. Even a few absorbers are better than none at all. Or try using
another type of pre-compliance device like a GTEM or something similar.
Another alternative would be to turn the shielded room into a mode-stir
chamber. By rotating the properly designed mode stirrer, you will even out
the variations which will result in fairly usable, repeatable numbers. The
size of the room determines the usable frequency range.

Regards,
-Robert

Robert Bonsen
Principal Consultant
Orion Scientific
email: rbon...@orionscientific.com
URL:   http://www.orionscientific.com
phone: (512) 347 7393; FAX: (512) 328 9240


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Are Safety Approvals Required for Telephone Adapters?

[jrbarnes]

We are looking at Telephone Adapters, such as those made by TeleAdapt (
http://www.teleadapt.com/web/Catalogue/Index), to go from an RJ-11 plug to phone
jacks for the following countries:

(Embedded image moved to file: pic14566.pcx)

We have seen some adapters with UL, TUV, and CE marks.  The only part of IEC 950
that looks like it would apply is Section 6.4, Protection of equipment users
from overvoltages on telecommunications networks.

Where we can find information on national or safety-agency approvals required
for Telephone Adapters?

Are there any requirements in CTR21, the latest European standard for analog
modems, that apply to Telephone Adapters?

John Barnes  Advisory
Engineer
Lexmark International


pic14566.pcx
Description: Binary data

Fw: Re: Compliances

[ed . price]

Posted for Pierre:
 
 
 



  From: pan...@europe.shiva.com
  Subject: Re: Compliances
  Date: Wed, 28 Apr 1999 08:22:50 -0400 
  To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org


> 
> I suggest you visit the EMC Web site :
> http://www.emisoft.co.uk/special/hotemc.htm
> 
> good luck
> Pierre-Marie
> 
> 
> RCIC - http://www.rcic.com
> Regulatory Compliance Information Center
> 
> 
> 
> 

---End of Original Message-

--
Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA.  USA
619-505-2780
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 04/28/1999
Time: 08:33:53
Military & Avionics EMC Services Our Specialty
Also Environmental / Metrology / Reliability
--



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RE: Alarm bell box

[WOODS, RICHARD]

My opinion is that EN60950 would apply if the equipment is for business use
only. Otherwise, EN60065 would apply for household use and "similar"
purposes. However, you should ask a Notified Body for an official opinion.

You did not ask, but EN50130-4 would apply for immunity effective 1/2001. I
assume that EN55022 would apply for emissions.

--
From:  Nick Williams [SMTP:n...@conformance.co.uk]
Sent:  Wednesday, April 28, 1999 8:39 AM
To:  emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:  Alarm bell box

I've been asked to give an opinion on an intruder alarm bell box. EN
guidance (CENELEC report R079-001:1998) indicates that either
EN60950 or
EN60065 may be appropriate for safety, and sooner or later I'll have
to
make my own mind up as to which to choose. However, if there's
anyone out
there would not mind telling me which standard they applied in
similar
circumstances, I'd be grateful to hear from them.

The unit is a box intended for exterior wall mounting and it
contains a
piezo sounder, xenon tube and associated circuitry including an
anti-tamper
switch. Incoming supply is actually 12VDC so we won't officially
claim
compliance with the Low Voltage Directive, but it would still be a
good
idea to take a standards-based approach to the design.

Nick.

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RE: Compliances

[Knighten, James L]

Brian,

No, I cannot, but if you would like to express this question in terms of
some equations (preferably, Maxwell's Equations in either differential, or
integral form) then perhaps I could come up with an answer!

Jim

Dr. Jim Knightene-mail: jlknigh...@ieee.org
 
Senior Consulting Engineer
NCR
17095 Via del Campo
San Diego, CA 92127 http://www.ncr.com  
Tel: 619-485-2537
Fax: 619-485-3788


-Original Message-
From:   Brian Harlowe [SMTP:bharl...@vgscientific.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, April 28, 1999 1:47 AM
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:Compliances

Hi group
A nice simple question after all this High level maths 
which has been going on regarding Harmonics.

Can any one point me in the direction of a web site which lists the 
countries that now require mandatory compliances for EMC and Safety 
and if possible the marks that are required.

Many Thanks

Brian Harlowe


* opinions expressed here are personal and in no way reflect the
position of VG Scientific

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RE: Characterizing a screen room

[Cortland Richmond]

Here's a caution on conducted testing in a screen room, too:  While testing
a power supply at a former employer, I noted it was failing in our lab, and
passing in another, with the same load board and using the same type of
LISN.  The failure was due to our test setup; radiated noise from the load
was coupled to the unshielded line cord plugged into the LISN, with maxima
where the chamber was resonant.

For a more realistic test, we remounted our load boards inside chassis of
the type we would be using, and our results thereafter agreed with the
outside lab's.

The vendor was very helpful, and we DID get a quiet power supply -- but it
was embarrassing!

Cortland


== Original Message Follows 

 >> Date:  28-Apr-99 05:24:05  MsgID: 1067-117034  ToID: 72146,373
From:  "WOODS, RICHARD" >INTERNET:wo...@sensormatic.com
Subj:  RE: Characterizing a screen room
Chrg:  $0.00   Imp: Norm   Sens: StdReceipt: NoParts: 1


A screen room will be useful for conducted emissions but not radiated. Go
with the parking lot for radiated. It's cheaper and will yield better
results.

--
From:  plaw...@west.net [SMTP:plaw...@west.net]
Sent:  Tuesday, April 27, 1999 5:00 PM
To:  emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:  Re: Characterizing a screen room

On Tue, 27 Apr 1999 14:58:30 -0400, "WOODS, RICHARD"

wrote:
>You cannot perform a characterization that will mean anything. The
room will
>have standing waves that will be strongly dependant upon the size
and
>placement of the unit under test, the placement of the antenna and
the
>frequency.
That was the plan - record frequencies where the room is
unreliable,
so we
don't spend time looking at that data.  Real tests would be done at
an OATS.

My boss is interested in adding a screen room, but I'm worried that
resonances
will render the room worthless.

In light of that, do you think I'd be better off developing a
'parking lot
procedure', and figure out how to deal with the ambients?


>The best that you can do is perform a pretest to find the
>frequencies of interest then move to the OATS for a final test. A
screen
>room can be used for before and after comparison of EMI fixes, as
long as
>the unit under test is not moved. But once you have a fix, you
will
still
>have to test on the OATS. Actually, you can perform diagnostic
tests in a
>lab if you set the antenna 1 m away. Just keep other sources a few
meters
>away from the antenna.
>
>To do what you want to do, you will need a compact semi-anechoic
chamber at
>a cost of about $140, 000 including the turn table. We just
started
using
>one that complies with the NSA test given the constrant that we
can't run
>the antenna up to 4 m.  We have found up to 6 dB of variation
between the
>chamber and the OATS.  However the variation is small enough that
we pretest
>and fix in the chamber and only move to the OATS once we have
confidence
>that we have at least 6 dB of margin. So far so good, but I don't
doubt that
>some day we will end up out of compliance at the OATS even with 6
dB of
>margin in the chamber.
>
>   --
>   From:  plaw...@west.net [SMTP:plaw...@west.net]
>   Sent:  Tuesday, April 27, 1999 12:22 PM
>   To:  emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
>   Subject:  Characterizing a screen room
>
>   My company is planning to purchase a screen room for
radiated
>emissions
>   precompliance testing.
>
>   I'm aware that reflections can cause resonances and
drastically
>influence
>   readings.  What kind of testing could I do to characterize
the room
>(aside from
>   simple experience)?
>
>   --
>   Patrick Lawler
>   plaw...@west.net
>
>   -
>   This message is coming from the emc-pstc discussion list.
>   To cancel your subscription, send mail to
majord...@ieee.org
>   with the single line: "unsubscribe emc-pstc" (without the
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>
>-
>This message is coming from the emc-pstc discussion list.
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>jim_bac...@monarch.com, ri...@sdd.hp.com, or
>roger.volgst...@compaq.com (the list administrators).
>

--

Alarm bell box

[Nick Williams]

I've been asked to give an opinion on an intruder alarm bell box. EN
guidance (CENELEC report R079-001:1998) indicates that either EN60950 or
EN60065 may be appropriate for safety, and sooner or later I'll have to
make my own mind up as to which to choose. However, if there's anyone out
there would not mind telling me which standard they applied in similar
circumstances, I'd be grateful to hear from them.

The unit is a box intended for exterior wall mounting and it contains a
piezo sounder, xenon tube and associated circuitry including an anti-tamper
switch. Incoming supply is actually 12VDC so we won't officially claim
compliance with the Low Voltage Directive, but it would still be a good
idea to take a standards-based approach to the design.

Nick.

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RE: Characterizing a screen room

[WOODS, RICHARD]

A screen room will be useful for conducted emissions but not radiated. Go
with the parking lot for radiated. It's cheaper and will yield better
results.

--
From:  plaw...@west.net [SMTP:plaw...@west.net]
Sent:  Tuesday, April 27, 1999 5:00 PM
To:  emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:  Re: Characterizing a screen room

On Tue, 27 Apr 1999 14:58:30 -0400, "WOODS, RICHARD"

wrote:
>You cannot perform a characterization that will mean anything. The
room will
>have standing waves that will be strongly dependant upon the size
and
>placement of the unit under test, the placement of the antenna and
the
>frequency.
That was the plan - record frequencies where the room is unreliable,
so we
don't spend time looking at that data.  Real tests would be done at
an OATS.

My boss is interested in adding a screen room, but I'm worried that
resonances
will render the room worthless.

In light of that, do you think I'd be better off developing a
'parking lot
procedure', and figure out how to deal with the ambients?


>The best that you can do is perform a pretest to find the
>frequencies of interest then move to the OATS for a final test. A
screen
>room can be used for before and after comparison of EMI fixes, as
long as
>the unit under test is not moved. But once you have a fix, you will
still
>have to test on the OATS. Actually, you can perform diagnostic
tests in a
>lab if you set the antenna 1 m away. Just keep other sources a few
meters
>away from the antenna.
>
>To do what you want to do, you will need a compact semi-anechoic
chamber at
>a cost of about $140, 000 including the turn table. We just started
using
>one that complies with the NSA test given the constrant that we
can't run
>the antenna up to 4 m.  We have found up to 6 dB of variation
between the
>chamber and the OATS.  However the variation is small enough that
we pretest
>and fix in the chamber and only move to the OATS once we have
confidence
>that we have at least 6 dB of margin. So far so good, but I don't
doubt that
>some day we will end up out of compliance at the OATS even with 6
dB of
>margin in the chamber.
>
>   --
>   From:  plaw...@west.net [SMTP:plaw...@west.net]
>   Sent:  Tuesday, April 27, 1999 12:22 PM
>   To:  emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
>   Subject:  Characterizing a screen room
>
>   My company is planning to purchase a screen room for
radiated
>emissions
>   precompliance testing.
>
>   I'm aware that reflections can cause resonances and
drastically
>influence
>   readings.  What kind of testing could I do to characterize
the room
>(aside from
>   simple experience)?
>
>   --
>   Patrick Lawler
>   plaw...@west.net
>
>   -
>   This message is coming from the emc-pstc discussion list.
>   To cancel your subscription, send mail to majord...@ieee.org
>   with the single line: "unsubscribe emc-pstc" (without the
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>   roger.volgst...@compaq.com (the list administrators).
>
>-
>This message is coming from the emc-pstc discussion list.
>To cancel your subscription, send mail to majord...@ieee.org
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>

--
Patrick Lawler
plaw...@west.net

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RE: Colors of indicators

[John Allen]

Hi Folks

This has been a "thorny" problem for the last 20yrs to my personal 
knowledge!
 I first encountered it in the late 60's/early 70's with IEC 204 (the 
predecessor to EN60204) and with medical equipment for use by the UK 
National Health Service.

Over that period, the recommended colours have always been stated in IEC73, 
which has now become IEC60073:1996
"BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE INTERFACE, MARKING AND 
IDENTIFICATION)" .

Originally it dealt only with colours of lights and pushbuttons and used 
the "traffic light" approach, i.e.
- Red = Danger and/or stop now!
- Yellow = Caution, and/or things may be going out of spec.
- Greeen = All normal or OK

However, the latest version of 60073 has been expanded significantly to 
cover general rules for assigning particular meanings to certain visual, 
acoustic and tactile indications, and irt has the status of a basic safety 
publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 - which is probabaly why it is 
not mentioned in EN60950/UL 1950 etc.

Some sectors of business are very picky on colours - notably medical 
standards (e.g. IEC 60601) and process industries standards (e.g.EN60204 
etc) - because errors in interpretation of warning and caution indicators 
can have catastrophic effects!

Others - such as the IT industry in general - seem far less concerned and 
are prepared to accept any convenient colours for indicators

However, if you follow IEC 60073 you should - to the best of my knowledge - 
have no trouble anywhere  (unless something else is called up in contract!)

Regards

John Allen
Product Safety Manager
Racal Radio Ltd.






--
From:   Crane, Lauren[SMTP:lcr...@bev.etn.com]
Reply To:   Crane, Lauren
Sent:   27 April 1999 18:27
To: 'Allan, James'; 'emc-pstc'
Subject:RE: Colors of indicators

It is not so much that red not be used, but that it not be used for safe,
normal, expected conditions of the equipment.

One example of this is a PREFERENCE stated in EN 60204-1 section 10.3.2. 
(It
does allow deviations based on specific agreement with customers.)

I think the underlying thought is that red lights tend to indicate 
dangerous
conditions from which an operator should run away or seek help immediately.

I think an old spin on red lights may be that red for power on, for 
example,
means "this thing is armed and ready to fire, so watch out."  However, it 
is
expected these days that idle equipment is not hazardous and will not start
up or take actions unexpectedly. Now power on is a normal safe condition 
for
equipment (or should be, at least) and so the 'proper' color for power on
lights is green or white.

Other benign equipment states, such as indicators for moving parts being in
a normal, expected location, should be treated similarly.

Red LED's appeared in products alot because they were originally the
cheapest, most available color.

I only have access to UL 1950, but its 1.7.8.2 seems nearly in line with EN
60204-1 in that it allows red indicators provided that it is clear that
safety is not involved.


Lauren Crane
Eaton Corporation.

> -Original Message-
> From: Allan, James [SMTP:james_al...@milgo.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 27, 1999 8:27 AM
> To:   'emc-pstc'
> Subject:  Colors of indicators
>
> Several years ago I remember that indicators could not be red in color.
> This
> requirement seems to have gone away per EN60950 1.7.8.2. Could the group
> provide me with a bit of history as to where the original requirement to
> be
> "not red" came from.  Was it a part of the German GS mark requirements or
> did it have a wider application in Europe than just GS marking?  No great
> acts hang in the shadow of the answer, just a bit of curiosity.
>
> Jim Allan
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Milgo Solutions Inc.
> E-mail james_al...@milgo.com
>
>
> -
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Compliances

[Brian Harlowe]

Hi group
A nice simple question after all this High level maths 
which has been going on regarding Harmonics.

Can any one point me in the direction of a web site which lists the 
countries that now require mandatory compliances for EMC and Safety 
and if possible the marks that are required.

Many Thanks

Brian Harlowe


* opinions expressed here are personal and in no way reflect the position of VG 
Scientific

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Re: Colors of indicators

[Chris Allen]

Hi Jim,

The first time I came across this requirement was when carrying out GS approval
on a PC. It came from the German ergonomic standard ZH1/618.

Regards,
Chris.





"Allan, James"  on 27/04/99 13:27:21

Please respond to "Allan, James" 

Sent by:  "Allan, James" 


To:   "'emc-pstc'" 
cc:(Chris Allen/GB/3Com)
Subject:  Colors of indicators




Several years ago I remember that indicators could not be red in color. This
requirement seems to have gone away per EN60950 1.7.8.2. Could the group
provide me with a bit of history as to where the original requirement to be
"not red" came from.  Was it a part of the German GS mark requirements or
did it have a wider application in Europe than just GS marking?  No great
acts hang in the shadow of the answer, just a bit of curiosity.

Jim Allan
Senior Compliance Engineer
Milgo Solutions Inc.
E-mail james_al...@milgo.com


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Re: Heat Calculation

[Rich Nute]

Hi Lauren:


At the risk of being shown otherwise...

>   Determining the actual heat dissipation of your product could be very time
>   consuming. It would involve, in part, knowing the electrical efficiency of

I would argue that, using the law of conservation of
energy, this is not at all time consuming, and is really
quite easy.

The product takes in electrical energy.  All of this
energy must be accounted for in terms of dissipation 
of that energy -- in some form other than electrical
energy.  Most of the components are energy transducers --
they change the electrical energy into some other form
of energy.

Resistors, semiconductors, inductors, transformers, and
some capacitors all dissipate electrical energy in the
form of thermal energy.

LEDs and CRTs dissipate electrical energy into both 
thermal energy and light energy.

Motors transform electrical energy into both thermal 
energy and kinetic energy.  (The kinetic energy is 
then dissipated in friction which converts the kinetic 
energy to thermal energy.)

Charging a battery converts electrical energy to 
thermal energy and chemical energy.

The vast majority of the electrical energy is dissipated
as thermal energy.  


Best regards,
Rich




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Re: Heat Calculation

[kshadoff]

   Scott:

   Heat output from electronic products can be calculated using
   the formula:

btu / hour = Watts * 0.29307

   Also, you can check out the following website for other useful
   conversion factors:

http://www.megaconverter.com/Cv_start.htm

   Best regards,

   Ken Shadoff
   Senior Product Safety Engineer
   Quality Management Dept.
   Canon U.S.A., Inc.

   kshad...@cusa.canon.com
   Tel: 516-328-5602
   Fax: 516-328-5169




   From:  AT ~internet on
 04/27/99 10:47 AM

   To:   emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org AT ~internet@FCC
   cc:(bcc: Kenneth A. Shadoff/NewYork/CanonUSA)

   Subject:  Heat Calculation





   Hello,

   Does anyone know how to compute heat dissipation for a product
   given mains power input (volts, amps, watts)?

   Our spec sheets always list heat dissipation (e.g. 1,000
   BTU/hour) for each product and I wonder where the number comes
   from and why it never changes from one product to the next.

   Thanks for any comments received.

   Scott
   s_doug...@ecrm.com


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