Re: Emissions "quick test"

2002-08-20 Thread Doug McKean

I have used a little portable transistor radio for system 
sniffing of a system with low level freqs and with already 
knowing the problem freqs. 

Regards, Doug McKean 


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RE: Emissions "quick test"

2002-08-20 Thread Price, Ed



>-Original Message-
>From: lisa_cef...@mksinst.com [mailto:lisa_cef...@mksinst.com]
>Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 1:35 PM
>To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
>Subject: Emissions "quick test"
>
>
>
>Hi all,
>
>Does anyone know of a " down- and- dirty" , inexpensive method 
>or equipment
>for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum 
>Analyzer in the
>past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be 
>costly.  Also,
>Is there a "universal" probe kit out there?
>
>Thank you in advance.
>
>Lisa
>
>Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
>Manager, Reliability and Design Services
>MKS Instruments
>6 Shattuck Road
>Andover, MA 01810
>(978)-975-2350  X 5669
>lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
>
>


Lisa:

You can make a fairly universal probe by winding three turns of stiff wire
around your little finger. Remove finger and solder the coil to the end of
female/female BNC connector. Connect probe to a spectrum analyzer and start
probing.

You can make another cheap probe by stripping about an inch of the outer
conductor off the end of a piece of RG-223 coax. The dielectric will support
the small stub of center conductor, and you get a nice, low sensitivity
probe that you can drag over ribbon cable wires or board traces.

A spectrum analyzer is about the minimum ticket needed for this ride. You
could use a cheap AM radio, or a scanner, or a communications receiver, but
interpreting the results is time consuming. You could use an analog
oscilloscope for some probing, but you could get a low-end spectrum analyzer
for the cost of a decent oscilloscope. You can buy an old spectrum analyzer,
typically something like an HP-141/8552/8553 for well under $1000; just
watch eBay for a couple of weeks.

If you are extremely determined to avoid buying a spectrum analyzer, you
might be interested in a classic Ham Radio project, called the Poor Man's
Spectrum Analyzer. This project allowed you to build a spectrum analyzer
using old television tuners, and is a testament to what can be accomplished
with unlimited labor applied to analog junk.

Regards,

Ed


Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA  USA
858-505-2780  (Voice)
858-505-1583  (Fax)
Military & Avionics EMC Is Our Specialty
Shake-Bake-Shock - Metrology - Reliability Analysis

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Re: Emissions "quick test"

2002-08-20 Thread Ken Javor

EMCO/ETS makes a probe kit with a preamp for under $1000.  Several probes,
E- and H-field.  Electro-metrics makes the same kind of kit, but without the
pre-amp, per my recollection.  I think Com-power might also do this kind of
thing, and be the low price vendor as well.  If the EUT is noisy and you are
in very close, you might be able to see something on an oscilloscope, but
clearly it will a low-passed time domain waveform which you cannot correlate
well with measured OATS data.  There are pre-compliance analyzers on the
market for well under $5 K these days.

on 8/20/02 3:34 PM, lisa_cef...@mksinst.com at lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
wrote:

> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Does anyone know of a " down- and- dirty" , inexpensive method or equipment
> for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
> past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
> Is there a "universal" probe kit out there?
> 
> Thank you in advance.
> 
> Lisa
> 
> Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
> Manager, Reliability and Design Services
> MKS Instruments
> 6 Shattuck Road
> Andover, MA 01810
> (978)-975-2350  X 5669
> lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
> 
> 
> ---
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-- 

Ken Javor
EMC Compliance
Huntsville, Alabama
256/650-5261



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Re: Question on highest frequency used

2002-08-20 Thread Ken Javor

Putting on my Master of the Obvious hat, I would say that I would expect
that a 12 GHz receiver would generate some frequencies in excess of the 50
MHz DSP, for a local oscillator, say.  But you shouldn't have to test to
multiples of the LO frequency, since it is a clean cw signal.  Testing up to
the highest LO frequency ought to be sufficient.  So I would say you should
test up to 5X the clock frequency, and then also at frequencies that the LO
can be tuned to.  In fact, I believe there are special requirements to make
sure LOs don't radiate out of receiver-connected antennas, right?


on 8/20/02 11:23 AM, Grasso, Charles at charles.gra...@echostar.com wrote:

> 
> Hi - and just when I thought I had it all
> figured out..
> 
> I have a question on the FCC requirement to test
> a product to the highest frequency used.
> 
> Say a company has an RF receiver that has a
> DSP processor in it running at 50MHz. Lets
> also say that said receiver is pointed at a
> transmitter that has a 12Ghz signal.
> 
> Should I test the receiver to
> a) 5X the 50MHz or
> b) 5x the 12GHz transmitter signal?
> 
> We have an FCC interpretation - bet you
> can't guess what it is..
> 
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
> 
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
> 
> ---
> This message is from the IEEE EMC Society Product Safety
> Technical Committee emc-pstc discussion list.
> 
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> 
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> 

-- 

Ken Javor
EMC Compliance
Huntsville, Alabama
256/650-5261



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RE: Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Gary McInturff

Worse arrangement obtainable within the prescribed set-up. e. g. 
peripherals 10 cm apart, equipment aligned with the table edge, and excess 
cable bundled above the ground plane et al as described in C63.4 and CISPR 22 
(or 16?).
There was a time when it was just plain worse arrangement. In that case 
you had an X factorial number of combinations to play with. CPU, mouse, 
printer, modem: cpu, printer, mouse, modem: cpu printer, modem mouse, et all.
I'll be darned if I remember what all we had attached but it had 10 
peripherals and that was a grand total of over 3 million combinations if one 
followed the directions literally. 
There also was the consultant who when called to the FCC test site to 
explain a test failure found that the FEDS had taken the keyboard cables and 
wrapped it around the monitor. An operator would have had to stare through the 
cables to read the screen.Heavy sigh! (Could just be urban legend but it 
matches a pattern in the beginning of commercial EMC measurements of 1982. Good 
people but a little overzealous at times.
Gary
 

-Original Message-
From: michael.sundst...@nokia.com [mailto:michael.sundst...@nokia.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 12:56 PM
To: robert.s...@flextronics.com; alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com;
emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: Radiated Emissions setup



The cable layout is required to be the 'worst case' attainable, isn't it?

Michael Sundstrom
 NOKIA 
  TCC Dallas / EMC
   ofc: (972) 374-1462
cell: (817) 917-5021
 amateur call: KB5UKT


-Original Message-
From: ext robert.s...@flextronics.com
[mailto:robert.s...@flextronics.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 1:05 PM
To: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: Radiated Emissions setup



Neil,

I would like to see the pictures of your audit board.

Without seeing the pictures I have the following comments.

1. I think this is a very good idea from a repeatability standpoint and I
would like to consider adopting it.
2. It may be more trouble than simply draping the cables over the table
edge, but less than bundling them properly.
3. Some of our customers bring their products in already attached to such a
board with their cables all fastened securely in configurations accepted by
their customers. This also lessens the setup time and gets them in and out
quicker.
4. I believe that Note 1 of Figure 10 in EN 55022 refers to cables which
connect one piece of gear on the table to another. If the cables were cut,
it would require splicing or installing connectors. If a shorter cable were
used, it may not represent actual use. I feel that generally customers
having a two meter cable which is longer than needed would either drape it
to the floor (which is not normally a metal ground plane), or bundle it
neatly to keep it out of the way. On the other hand, since we as testers
never know how equipment will be configured, the demand for repeatability
requires that a system such as that described in Figure 10 be used.

Robert Seay

 -Original Message-
From:   Alex McNeil [mailto:alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com] 
Sent:   Tuesday, August 20, 2002 12:00 PM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Radiated Emissions setup


Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup).
I now use an "Audit" board where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a
particular "figure of 8" fashion via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have
convinced myself that this not only gives me worst case emissions but also
that much sought after REPEATABILITY! I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site? 

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M indicate the Horizontal bundling of cables from
RS232 ports which would go to a tabletop EUT peripheral (or leave open
circuit). The 3 lengths are connected to similar ports. This covers the
different lengths issues.
2.  The P is the inline power supply O/P cable going to the EUT. This is
bundled vertically as it represents the power supply sitting on a customers
floor.
3. 

Re: EN6100 3 2 1998 repeatability test

2002-08-20 Thread John Woodgate

I read in !emc-pstc that Gary McInturff  wrote (in <917063bab0ddb043af5faa73c7a835d40ac...@windlord.wwp.com
>) about 'EN6100 3 2 1998 repeatability test', on Mon, 19 Aug 2002:

>This is the harmonics test. 
>   The 1998 version which goes into effect about 2004 has a clause that 
>says the test has to be run twice and the results compared.

It helps a great deal if you give the clause number of any requirement
that you question. Do you mean 6.2.3.1 in this case?

> The comparison seems 
>to be fairly restrictive from what I am hearing, and a number of failures 
>being 
>reported because they two runs, while within specifications individually do 
>not 
>compare exactly with each other. One of the harmonics might be 6% different 
>than 
>the other and this causes a test failure. 

I'm quite sure that 6.2.3.1. is NOT intended to mean that, but I didn't
write it. I will pass this question to the people who did.

For the higher harmonics, certainly above the 21st, quite large
variations between test runs can occur for no apparent reason. Provided
no limits are exceeded, these variations are of no significance.

>   Can anybody comment with more knowledge of what is happening and 
> whether 
>or not this is causing a review of this requirement?

I haven't heard of this problem before. It has not been previously
raised in IEC SC77A/WG1, and members have now asked if you can be more
definite about what equipment was rejected and if possible, by whom. You
may send that information to me by e-mail as it may be sensitive.
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Interested in professional sound reinforcement and distribution? Then go to 
http://www.isce.org.uk
PLEASE do NOT copy news posts to me by E-MAIL!

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RE: Question on highest frequency used - and the consensus is..

2002-08-20 Thread Grasso, Charles

We need to test to 40GHz.
Oh boy..

-Original Message-
From: am...@westin-emission.no [mailto:am...@westin-emission.no] 
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 2:02 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: SV: Question on highest frequency used



I guess 5x12GHz  I was told a few years ago " the highest
existing frequency in the equipment/system...". You better buy a new
analyser which covers up to 60Gig... :-)

Best regards
Amund, Oslo/Norway

> -Opprinnelig melding-
> Fra: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org 
> [mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]På vegne av Grasso, Charles
> Sendt: 20. august 2002 18:23
> Til: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
> Emne: Question on highest frequency used
>
>
>
> Hi - and just when I thought I had it all
> figured out..
>
> I have a question on the FCC requirement to test
> a product to the highest frequency used.
>
> Say a company has an RF receiver that has a
> DSP processor in it running at 50MHz. Lets
> also say that said receiver is pointed at a
> transmitter that has a 12Ghz signal.
>
> Should I test the receiver to
> a) 5X the 50MHz or
> b) 5x the 12GHz transmitter signal?
>
> We have an FCC interpretation - bet you
> can't guess what it is..
>
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
>
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
>
> ---
> This message is from the IEEE EMC Society Product Safety Technical 
> Committee emc-pstc discussion list.
>
> Visit our web site at:  http://www.ewh.ieee.org/soc/emcs/pstc/
>
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>  Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org
>
> All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at:
> http://ieeepstc.mindcruiser.com/
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Emissions "quick test"

2002-08-20 Thread Lisa_Cefalo

Hi all,

Does anyone know of a " down- and- dirty" , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a "universal" probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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SV: Question on highest frequency used

2002-08-20 Thread amund

I guess 5x12GHz  I was told a few years ago " the highest
existing frequency in the equipment/system...". You better buy a new
analyser which covers up to 60Gig... :-)

Best regards
Amund, Oslo/Norway

> -Opprinnelig melding-
> Fra: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
> [mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]På vegne av Grasso, Charles
> Sendt: 20. august 2002 18:23
> Til: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
> Emne: Question on highest frequency used
>
>
>
> Hi - and just when I thought I had it all
> figured out..
>
> I have a question on the FCC requirement to test
> a product to the highest frequency used.
>
> Say a company has an RF receiver that has a
> DSP processor in it running at 50MHz. Lets
> also say that said receiver is pointed at a
> transmitter that has a 12Ghz signal.
>
> Should I test the receiver to
> a) 5X the 50MHz or
> b) 5x the 12GHz transmitter signal?
>
> We have an FCC interpretation - bet you
> can't guess what it is..
>
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
>
> Charles Grasso
> Senior Compliance Engineer
> Echostar Technologies Corporation
> phone: 303.706.5467
> FAX: 303.799.6222
>
> ---
> This message is from the IEEE EMC Society Product Safety
> Technical Committee emc-pstc discussion list.
>
> Visit our web site at:  http://www.ewh.ieee.org/soc/emcs/pstc/
>
> To cancel your subscription, send mail to:
>  majord...@ieee.org
> with the single line:
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>
> For help, send mail to the list administrators:
>  Ron Pickard:  emc-p...@hypercom.com
>  Dave Heald:   davehe...@attbi.com
>
> For policy questions, send mail to:
>  Richard Nute:   ri...@ieee.org
>  Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org
>
> All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at:
> http://ieeepstc.mindcruiser.com/
> Click on "browse" and then "emc-pstc mailing list"



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RE: Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Michael.Sundstrom

The cable layout is required to be the 'worst case' attainable, isn't it?

Michael Sundstrom
 NOKIA 
  TCC Dallas / EMC
   ofc: (972) 374-1462
cell: (817) 917-5021
 amateur call: KB5UKT


-Original Message-
From: ext robert.s...@flextronics.com
[mailto:robert.s...@flextronics.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 1:05 PM
To: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: Radiated Emissions setup



Neil,

I would like to see the pictures of your audit board.

Without seeing the pictures I have the following comments.

1. I think this is a very good idea from a repeatability standpoint and I
would like to consider adopting it.
2. It may be more trouble than simply draping the cables over the table
edge, but less than bundling them properly.
3. Some of our customers bring their products in already attached to such a
board with their cables all fastened securely in configurations accepted by
their customers. This also lessens the setup time and gets them in and out
quicker.
4. I believe that Note 1 of Figure 10 in EN 55022 refers to cables which
connect one piece of gear on the table to another. If the cables were cut,
it would require splicing or installing connectors. If a shorter cable were
used, it may not represent actual use. I feel that generally customers
having a two meter cable which is longer than needed would either drape it
to the floor (which is not normally a metal ground plane), or bundle it
neatly to keep it out of the way. On the other hand, since we as testers
never know how equipment will be configured, the demand for repeatability
requires that a system such as that described in Figure 10 be used.

Robert Seay

 -Original Message-
From:   Alex McNeil [mailto:alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com] 
Sent:   Tuesday, August 20, 2002 12:00 PM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Radiated Emissions setup


Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup).
I now use an "Audit" board where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a
particular "figure of 8" fashion via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have
convinced myself that this not only gives me worst case emissions but also
that much sought after REPEATABILITY! I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site? 

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M indicate the Horizontal bundling of cables from
RS232 ports which would go to a tabletop EUT peripheral (or leave open
circuit). The 3 lengths are connected to similar ports. This covers the
different lengths issues.
2.  The P is the inline power supply O/P cable going to the EUT. This is
bundled vertically as it represents the power supply sitting on a customers
floor.
3.  The T is the PSTN telecomms cable. Again bundled vertically as it
represents the cable going from the EUT to the wall socket.

Finally,
I have never understood the EN55022 figure 10 note 1 "If cables which hang
closer than 40cm to the horizontal ground plane cannot be shortened to
appropriate length, the excess shall be folded back and forth forming a
bundle 30cm to 40cm long". Does this mean you can cut the cable to 1m or ?
even though you will be shipping say 2m cables with the product?

*I have not attached the photograph, 212Kb. This will be sent to those
requesting it i.e. to those people who are thinking of commenting on this
email.

I look forward with interest to this forums comments.



Kind Regards
Alex McNeil
Principal Engineer
Tel: +44 (0)131 479 8375
Fax: +44 (0)131 479 8321
email: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com


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RE: EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4

2002-08-20 Thread Gert Gremmen

Hi Steven

The function of the ferrites to prevent noise to enter the site
is just one side of the story.
One equally important aspect is presenting a fixed Common Mode
impedance (150 Ohm approx)to the interference current sources that drive
the cables and to create a fixed radiating cable length.
Both for reproducibility.
One will definitely find less resonances due to cabling
using the CISPR set up both down- and upwards as using
the ANSI set up. Therefore I suggest to re test.

Gert Gremmen
ce-test, qualified testing

http://www.cetest.nl


-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Steven Goulding
Sent: dinsdag 20 augustus 2002 19:03
To: jim.hulb...@pb.com; emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: Re: EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4



The idea of  putting the ferrites on the cables is to prevent noise from
outside the test site form entering the test site. My opinion is that you
should not have to repeat the test as the ferrites do not have any effect on
what is happening in the room where the test is being performed.

Just one mans opinion.

Steven

- Original Message -
From: 
To: 
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 9:16 AM
Subject: EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4


>
> Probably won't get many responses this week as everyone with a travel
> budget is now in Minnesota.  However, I'll try it anyway.
>
> In the 1998 version of EN 55022, radiated emissions tests on table top
> products are performed with a ferrite tube or clamp on each cable that
> exits the test site (i.e. AC mains, telecom, I/O to remote control units).
> ANSI C63.4 does not specify this.  If I follow the EN 55022 procedure, is
> it necessary to repeat without the ferrite clamps in order to satisfy the
> ANSI test procedure?
>
> Thanks.
>
> Jim Hulbert
> Pitney Bowes
>
>
> ---
> This message is from the IEEE EMC Society Product Safety
> Technical Committee emc-pstc discussion list.
>
> Visit our web site at:  http://www.ewh.ieee.org/soc/emcs/pstc/
>
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RE: Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Gert Gremmen

A few loose comments and additions on your approach:

The CISPR committee is like you seeking for repeatability
in test set ups. Therefore an effort is made to create a
common set up for immunity and emission test set up.
The idea is a (vert) cylindric volume of 1m60 miniumum diameter
for left and right cables to extend 80 cm and then leading
80 cm down to ground surface where each cable is clamped using
an (yet) undefined ferrite clamp. (on rotating table)
Several propositions are
into the voting chain of which one is an amendment to CISPR 16-1.
The 1m60 cylinder does not cope for EUT sizes, so in order to
create a workable test setup 2 m cylinder is required and still allow
for moderate EUT sizes. In addition to the 2 m cylinder a 1m distance
to the walls of the FAR would be required, and  sufficient
distance is required to the antenna for it to "illuminate" the
full cylinder.
Calibration procedures are also in the propositions.

However, a full compliant set up cannot be made in a 3 m room,
due to size restrictions.

Several aspects may however lead to substantial different
radiations results as before:

The fixed radiating lead length of 2 x 80 cm + ferrite
behaving as 150 Ohms Common Mode load) makes the lead look
like infinite to the EUT disturbanc voltage source
(at least that's the idea). For frequencies below 1/2 lambda
lead lenght ( 1m60 = 92 Mhz the wires (left + rigth) begin
to behave like a shortened dipole with (of course)
reduced emssions compared to real life where cables CAN
be infinite.

The procedure is now to find out in what combination
of left right cable lay out creates maximum emissions.
If you forget that, different phase steered cables may
compensate emissions. Think of the cables as being
current fed from a matrix of interference sources
with arbitrary voltage where each cable is connected
to a different point of the matrix and you get the idea.
Just putting cables where you like is *not* sufficient.

A FAR differs from an OATS in that no height variation of
the antenna is required. For small sources or line radiating
sources such as a dipole cable set (!!), the low frequency
results may be up to 24 dB higher then at the OATS
(with HOR polarization) this is due to the fact
that on an OATS the reflected ground wave is in opposite phase
and attenuates the incident wave. For this to compensate
the hight variations were invented. travelling ways differ when
rising and lowering the antenna until a maximum was found.
Unfortunately at low frequencies one will never never
rise the antenna as high as required for a full compensation
of this effect. (I have a Mathcad 2001 model for those who want
to experiment: infinite  height would be required but signal topsat 15m).
As there is no ground reflection in the FAR, the low frequency
response is much better then on the OATS. Though antenna signal
is 5 dB (theoretic 6) lower in a FAR because  the absence of the reflected
wave
the effect of the insufficient OATS model are not accounted for.
At vertical polarization this OATS effect does not happen as the reflected
wave is  not in opposite phase to the incident wave.
Larger or 3D EUTS do behave better due to more variations of
way length between radiator and antenna, and large receiving antennas
have less problems then dipoles (especially active dipoles : small !!)./

Just a few notes to explain for the many differences that may
happen between set up variations.

Gert Gremmen





-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Alex McNeil
Sent: dinsdag 20 augustus 2002 18:00
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject: Radiated Emissions setup



Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup).
I now use an "Audit" board where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a
particular "figure of 8" fashion via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have
convinced myself that this not only gives me worst case emissions but also
that much sought after REPEATABILITY! I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site?

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M in

RE: Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Grasso, Charles

Only one comment: If you take this peg board to an OATS how can they
maximize the cables?

-Original Message-
From: Alex McNeil [mailto:alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 10:00 AM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject: Radiated Emissions setup



Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup). I now use an "Audit" board
where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a particular "figure of 8" fashion
via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have convinced myself that this not only
gives me worst case emissions but also that much sought after REPEATABILITY!
I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site? 

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M indicate the Horizontal bundling of cables from
RS232 ports which would go to a tabletop EUT peripheral (or leave open
circuit). The 3 lengths are connected to similar ports. This covers the
different lengths issues.
2.  The P is the inline power supply O/P cable going to the EUT. This is
bundled vertically as it represents the power supply sitting on a customers
floor.
3.  The T is the PSTN telecomms cable. Again bundled vertically as it
represents the cable going from the EUT to the wall socket.

Finally,
I have never understood the EN55022 figure 10 note 1 "If cables which hang
closer than 40cm to the horizontal ground plane cannot be shortened to
appropriate length, the excess shall be folded back and forth forming a
bundle 30cm to 40cm long". Does this mean you can cut the cable to 1m or ?
even though you will be shipping say 2m cables with the product?

*I have not attached the photograph, 212Kb. This will be sent to those
requesting it i.e. to those people who are thinking of commenting on this
email.

I look forward with interest to this forums comments.



Kind Regards
Alex McNeil
Principal Engineer
Tel: +44 (0)131 479 8375
Fax: +44 (0)131 479 8321
email: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com


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RE: Question on highest frequency used

2002-08-20 Thread Spencer, David H

I would guess the answer is b)  5x the 12GHz transmitter.

I think (going from memory) ANSI C63.4 gives test instructions  for
receivers.
The Local Oscillator or the receiver must be "active", i.e. receiving a real
signal (alternately you can inject a test signal into the receiver).  Thus
making that a signal source at 12GHz.
The 5x  applies to the "highest frequency generated or used"  by the device.


Survey Says?



Regard
David Spencer
Xerox Corp.


-Original Message-
From: Grasso, Charles [mailto:charles.gra...@echostar.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 12:23 PM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject: Question on highest frequency used



Hi - and just when I thought I had it all
figured out..

I have a question on the FCC requirement to test
a product to the highest frequency used.

Say a company has an RF receiver that has a
DSP processor in it running at 50MHz. Lets
also say that said receiver is pointed at a
transmitter that has a 12Ghz signal.

Should I test the receiver to
a) 5X the 50MHz or
b) 5x the 12GHz transmitter signal?

We have an FCC interpretation - bet you
can't guess what it is..

Charles Grasso
Senior Compliance Engineer
Echostar Technologies Corporation
phone: 303.706.5467
FAX: 303.799.6222 

Charles Grasso
Senior Compliance Engineer
Echostar Technologies Corporation
phone: 303.706.5467
FAX: 303.799.6222 

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RE: Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Robert . Seay

Neil,

I would like to see the pictures of your audit board.

Without seeing the pictures I have the following comments.

1. I think this is a very good idea from a repeatability standpoint and I
would like to consider adopting it.
2. It may be more trouble than simply draping the cables over the table
edge, but less than bundling them properly.
3. Some of our customers bring their products in already attached to such a
board with their cables all fastened securely in configurations accepted by
their customers. This also lessens the setup time and gets them in and out
quicker.
4. I believe that Note 1 of Figure 10 in EN 55022 refers to cables which
connect one piece of gear on the table to another. If the cables were cut,
it would require splicing or installing connectors. If a shorter cable were
used, it may not represent actual use. I feel that generally customers
having a two meter cable which is longer than needed would either drape it
to the floor (which is not normally a metal ground plane), or bundle it
neatly to keep it out of the way. On the other hand, since we as testers
never know how equipment will be configured, the demand for repeatability
requires that a system such as that described in Figure 10 be used.

Robert Seay

 -Original Message-
From:   Alex McNeil [mailto:alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com] 
Sent:   Tuesday, August 20, 2002 12:00 PM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Radiated Emissions setup


Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup).
I now use an "Audit" board where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a
particular "figure of 8" fashion via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have
convinced myself that this not only gives me worst case emissions but also
that much sought after REPEATABILITY! I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site? 

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M indicate the Horizontal bundling of cables from
RS232 ports which would go to a tabletop EUT peripheral (or leave open
circuit). The 3 lengths are connected to similar ports. This covers the
different lengths issues.
2.  The P is the inline power supply O/P cable going to the EUT. This is
bundled vertically as it represents the power supply sitting on a customers
floor.
3.  The T is the PSTN telecomms cable. Again bundled vertically as it
represents the cable going from the EUT to the wall socket.

Finally,
I have never understood the EN55022 figure 10 note 1 "If cables which hang
closer than 40cm to the horizontal ground plane cannot be shortened to
appropriate length, the excess shall be folded back and forth forming a
bundle 30cm to 40cm long". Does this mean you can cut the cable to 1m or ?
even though you will be shipping say 2m cables with the product?

*I have not attached the photograph, 212Kb. This will be sent to those
requesting it i.e. to those people who are thinking of commenting on this
email.

I look forward with interest to this forums comments.



Kind Regards
Alex McNeil
Principal Engineer
Tel: +44 (0)131 479 8375
Fax: +44 (0)131 479 8321
email: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com


---
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Re: EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4

2002-08-20 Thread Steven Goulding

The idea of  putting the ferrites on the cables is to prevent noise from
outside the test site form entering the test site. My opinion is that you
should not have to repeat the test as the ferrites do not have any effect on
what is happening in the room where the test is being performed.

Just one mans opinion.

Steven

- Original Message -
From: 
To: 
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 9:16 AM
Subject: EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4


>
> Probably won't get many responses this week as everyone with a travel
> budget is now in Minnesota.  However, I'll try it anyway.
>
> In the 1998 version of EN 55022, radiated emissions tests on table top
> products are performed with a ferrite tube or clamp on each cable that
> exits the test site (i.e. AC mains, telecom, I/O to remote control units).
> ANSI C63.4 does not specify this.  If I follow the EN 55022 procedure, is
> it necessary to repeat without the ferrite clamps in order to satisfy the
> ANSI test procedure?
>
> Thanks.
>
> Jim Hulbert
> Pitney Bowes
>
>
> ---
> This message is from the IEEE EMC Society Product Safety
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Question on highest frequency used

2002-08-20 Thread Grasso, Charles

Hi - and just when I thought I had it all
figured out..

I have a question on the FCC requirement to test
a product to the highest frequency used.

Say a company has an RF receiver that has a
DSP processor in it running at 50MHz. Lets
also say that said receiver is pointed at a
transmitter that has a 12Ghz signal.

Should I test the receiver to
a) 5X the 50MHz or
b) 5x the 12GHz transmitter signal?

We have an FCC interpretation - bet you
can't guess what it is..

Charles Grasso
Senior Compliance Engineer
Echostar Technologies Corporation
phone: 303.706.5467
FAX: 303.799.6222 

Charles Grasso
Senior Compliance Engineer
Echostar Technologies Corporation
phone: 303.706.5467
FAX: 303.799.6222 

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Radiated Emissions setup

2002-08-20 Thread Alex McNeil

Hi Forum,

As we all know test setups are absolutely critical to EMC results. I have
the good fortune of having a good pre-compliance radiated emissions site (3m
OATS, Fully or Semi Anechoic Chamber). From using this site I see all sorts
of "funnies" but still the most annoying is how much you can change the
emission results just by changing cable positions. I carry out regular EMC
audits and could never quite get the same results as 6 months previous, when
that particular product was last tested (I keep the master product and was
still getting different results due to setup).
I now use an "Audit" board where I bundle the cables (30-40cm) in a
particular "figure of 8" fashion via fixed wooden pegs. Thru' time I have
convinced myself that this not only gives me worst case emissions but also
that much sought after REPEATABILITY! I believe the setup is as per EN55022.

I have a photograph* of this Audit board to allow this forum to comment on
the good and the bad points of using such a system. Also, is there any
reason I cannot take this Audit board to a Test House for Product Compliance
testing and at the same time get correlation between a Compliance site and
my own site? 

Photograph details (EUT with 3 X Serial Ports, PSTN and DC SELV power
connection)
1.  The 1M, 2M and 3M indicate the Horizontal bundling of cables from
RS232 ports which would go to a tabletop EUT peripheral (or leave open
circuit). The 3 lengths are connected to similar ports. This covers the
different lengths issues.
2.  The P is the inline power supply O/P cable going to the EUT. This is
bundled vertically as it represents the power supply sitting on a customers
floor.
3.  The T is the PSTN telecomms cable. Again bundled vertically as it
represents the cable going from the EUT to the wall socket.

Finally,
I have never understood the EN55022 figure 10 note 1 "If cables which hang
closer than 40cm to the horizontal ground plane cannot be shortened to
appropriate length, the excess shall be folded back and forth forming a
bundle 30cm to 40cm long". Does this mean you can cut the cable to 1m or ?
even though you will be shipping say 2m cables with the product?

*I have not attached the photograph, 212Kb. This will be sent to those
requesting it i.e. to those people who are thinking of commenting on this
email.

I look forward with interest to this forums comments.



Kind Regards
Alex McNeil
Principal Engineer
Tel: +44 (0)131 479 8375
Fax: +44 (0)131 479 8321
email: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com


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Re: Grounding in an operating room environment ...

2002-08-20 Thread jgriver

Doug,

You are really asking if the product is Type B (earthed applied part) or Type 
BF (isolated ground part) according the the classification 
of IEC 60601-1.

The answer is that some types of medical equipment must be Type BF or even Type 
CF (direct cardiac contact) according to the 
appropriate particular standard, IEC 60601-2-X. For many types of equipment it 
is left to the manufacturer to decide.

Generally speaking the longer and more invasive the contact with the patient, 
the more likely that Type BF or CF is required. In 
particular, in situations where many medical instruments may be connected to 
the patient simutaneously, e.g. in the operating room 
or intensive care, there is a greater need for isolated patient applied parts. 
This is to prevent a fault in one device causing dangerous 
leakage currents through the patient to earth via another device.

Regards,


Jon Griver
http://www.601help.com
The Medical Device Developer's Guide to IEC 60601-1



One final question - if some product which uses 115/230vac mains 
power and if there is to be metal contact between that product and 
a patient in an operating room environment, is it a matter of accepted 
practice that the mfr can decide the metal is grounded/ungrounded 
or must it be grounded as dictated by some standard? 

Regards, Doug McKean 


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EN 55022:1998 vs. ANSI C63.4

2002-08-20 Thread Jim . Hulbert

Probably won't get many responses this week as everyone with a travel
budget is now in Minnesota.  However, I'll try it anyway.

In the 1998 version of EN 55022, radiated emissions tests on table top
products are performed with a ferrite tube or clamp on each cable that
exits the test site (i.e. AC mains, telecom, I/O to remote control units).
ANSI C63.4 does not specify this.  If I follow the EN 55022 procedure, is
it necessary to repeat without the ferrite clamps in order to satisfy the
ANSI test procedure?

Thanks.

Jim Hulbert
Pitney Bowes


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