RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-26 Thread Cortland Richmond

Ed Price wrote:

 BTW, audio provides a dramatic lab effect and should always be used
during executive
tours of your lab. 

Back in '91 or so, at a large electronics retailer's RD operation, I was
doing  a prescan of an EUT with a CD-player/CD-ROM drive in it.  Testing
with a bunch of corporate bigwigs present, I treated them to the sound of a
music CD coming out of the spectrum analyzer's speaker. And yes, it was
radiated from headphones plugged into the drive's audio jack. Audio needs
no filtering, you know. Ha!

Good example of TEMPEST, too.

Cortland

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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-25 Thread Cortland Richmond

Lisa,

On the expensive end, Noise-Ken has been at Symposia (which I can't afford
this year) with a sniffer. It apparently uses four or five broadly tuned
peak detectors and gives a bar-graph display for each band as its sensor is
brought near the EUT.  But, like others, I've found that a spectrum
analyzer set on a broad sweep through the frequencies of interest works
quite well, and it does nor have to be up-to-date, either. You can get an
8590 (for example) for relatively little, now, or a 7L13 and 7000 series
mainframe, or a 141T with plug ins. Folks holding them are selling off
excess gear now for badly needed funds. As for sensors, you do not need to
spend money calibrating them, and this means you don' have to pay a lot for
having them made. You can use throwaways.

For E-fields, a small piece of printed circuit board, or even just the coax
center conductor wire, with a 50 ohm load across it, is sufficiently
sensitive to find leaks, and ignore ambients and lower-level emissions. 
Even a scope probe works for this, but the tip needs to be insulated so you
don't mess up results by scraping it across metal. For H-fields, you can
wind a one-turn shielded loop by turning a coax back on itself, connecting
the center conductor to the shield. I've made loops as small as 2mm across
for following emissions on traces; bigger ones are useful for bigger
problems.

For current, you DO have a current probe - but even if you don't, a snap-on
EMI bead with a one turn secondary connected to a piece of coax (the same
shielded loop technique also works here) is a good, broadband sniffer for
wires.

And finally, if you know the frequencies of interest, you can now get
pocket receivers which themselves are wonderful sniffers. A Vertex-Standard
(formerly Yaesu) VR500 receiver, .1-1300 MHz (less cellular and 620-624)
even has a spectrum occupancy function -- I can't quite call it a spectrum
analyzer -- good for plus and minus 3 MHz. A lesser Yaesu radio, the VR120,
with no such function, covering .5 to 1300 (with MORE unfortunate omissions
of coverage), is presently on sale at Ham Radio and scanner radio stores
for $99. (Receivers with NO omissions in coverage may be obtained from
Canada and Europe.)  Maybe next year I'll present a paper on using these
erstwhile toys for serious EMI work. The economy willing!

Good luck,

Cortland

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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Price, Ed

-Original Message-
From: Gert Gremmen [mailto:g.grem...@cetest.nl]
Sent: Thursday, August 22, 2002 1:06 PM
To: Bill Morse; 'Cortland Richmond'; ieee pstc list
Subject: RE: Emissions quick test



The technique of temperature variation is that
sensible, that heating up the *enclosure* of
a small box by hand !!! will be easily audible , if
the beat is down to only a 100 hz.
Just tapping on the pcb will also be audible, not
to let alone the effect of a freezing spray !
But you definitely need a BFO equipped (measuring) receiver.
A spectrum analyser is of no use here (grin).
This really is the fastest way of finding out the real
source of a interfering spectral line.

Note also that the difference between data/adress lines
and R/W CE and Clcok emissions can easily be distinguished
by the notable AM modulation (rythme) and using the speaker of
your receiver it's easy to distinguish between
foreign sources, (radio tv amateur cellular) and even other
equipments (PC) in the neighbourhood.
I even can distinguish between multiple processors on a large system.
If your supply is not well stabilized, you will even hear the
100 (120) Hz hum on your spectral lines !

This technique in combination with
your own ears is truly sensitive in a quality point
of view: I have proposed in the past to use a measuring receiver
for debugging purposes: a mal functioning microprocessor
will definitely produce another sound then it's fully
functioning brothers/sisters. You may astonish your
collegues by fault debugging through walls !!! ;))

Automated measuring systems are of no use outside
the shielded room for exactly the lack of distinction
between spectral lines, and those who work with
a spectrum analyser do not know what they are missing...


Gert Gremmen
ce-test, qualified testing


SNIP


Some spectrum analyzers have a built-in speaker, and you can use this
feature to monitor an emission. Although you may not get quite the clarity
that a BFO can provide, you can usually detect a frequency shift by tuning
to the slope of the emission and listening to the relative noise. If the
emission shifts away from your frequency, then you will hear more background
noise. If the emission shifts toward your frequency, you will hear either a
quieting, or the modulation on the emission.

For those of you who do not have a built-in speaker, just connect a cheap
audio amplifier and speaker to the video output of your analyzer. BTW, audio
provides a dramatic lab effect and should always be used during executive
tours of your lab.

Regards,

Ed


Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA  USA
858-505-2780  (Voice)
858-505-1583  (Fax)
Military  Avionics EMC Is Our Specialty
Shake-Bake-Shock - Metrology - Reliability Analysis


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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Bill Morse

I just might have to try it and add it to the repertoire of troubleshooting
techniques. 


 -Original Message-
From:   Gert Gremmen [mailto:g.grem...@cetest.nl] 
Sent:   Thursday, August 22, 2002 1:06 PM
To: Bill Morse; 'Cortland Richmond'; ieee pstc list
Subject:RE: Emissions quick test

The technique of temperature variation is that
sensible, that heating up the *enclosure* of
a small box by hand !!! will be easily audible , if
the beat is down to only a 100 hz.
Just tapping on the pcb will also be audible, not
to let alone the effect of a freezing spray !
But you definitely need a BFO equipped (measuring) receiver.
A spectrum analyser is of no use here (grin).
This really is the fastest way of finding out the real
source of a interfering spectral line.

Note also that the difference between data/adress lines
and R/W CE and Clcok emissions can easily be distinguished
by the notable AM modulation (rythme) and using the speaker of
your receiver it's easy to distinguish between
foreign sources, (radio tv amateur cellular) and even other
equipments (PC) in the neighbourhood.
I even can distinguish between multiple processors on a large system.
If your supply is not well stabilized, you will even hear the
100 (120) Hz hum on your spectral lines !

This technique in combination with
your own ears is truly sensitive in a quality point
of view: I have proposed in the past to use a measuring receiver
for debugging purposes: a mal functioning microprocessor
will definitely produce another sound then it's fully
functioning brothers/sisters. You may astonish your
collegues by fault debugging through walls !!! ;))

Automated measuring systems are of no use outside
the shielded room for exactly the lack of distinction
between spectral lines, and those who work with
a spectrum analyser do not know what they are missing...


Gert Gremmen
ce-test, qualified testing



Gert Gremmen
ce-test qualified testing.

-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Bill Morse
Sent: donderdag 22 augustus 2002 19:01
To: 'Cortland Richmond'; Bill Morse; ieee pstc list
Subject: RE: Emissions quick test



Yep, they're many ways of doing it. Heating the crystals and watching the
frequency of interest for variation, disabling the clocks one at a time,
come to
mind.

They all have their uses and limitations.




 -Original Message-
From:   Cortland Richmond [mailto:72146@compuserve.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, August 21, 2002 2:37 PM
To: Bill Morse; ieee pstc list
Subject:RE: Emissions quick test


Just a note about telling clocks apart... unless they're phase locked
(sometimes even then) a receiver with a BFO can let you distinguish from
among clocks only 100's of Hz apart.  Sometimes it can let you tell which
of several clocks is slower to lock as well, as you can hear the varying
tone that makes coming into lock with the reference.

Cortland

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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Gert Gremmen

The technique of temperature variation is that
sensible, that heating up the *enclosure* of
a small box by hand !!! will be easily audible , if
the beat is down to only a 100 hz.
Just tapping on the pcb will also be audible, not
to let alone the effect of a freezing spray !
But you definitely need a BFO equipped (measuring) receiver.
A spectrum analyser is of no use here (grin).
This really is the fastest way of finding out the real
source of a interfering spectral line.

Note also that the difference between data/adress lines
and R/W CE and Clcok emissions can easily be distinguished
by the notable AM modulation (rythme) and using the speaker of
your receiver it's easy to distinguish between
foreign sources, (radio tv amateur cellular) and even other
equipments (PC) in the neighbourhood.
I even can distinguish between multiple processors on a large system.
If your supply is not well stabilized, you will even hear the
100 (120) Hz hum on your spectral lines !

This technique in combination with
your own ears is truly sensitive in a quality point
of view: I have proposed in the past to use a measuring receiver
for debugging purposes: a mal functioning microprocessor
will definitely produce another sound then it's fully
functioning brothers/sisters. You may astonish your
collegues by fault debugging through walls !!! ;))

Automated measuring systems are of no use outside
the shielded room for exactly the lack of distinction
between spectral lines, and those who work with
a spectrum analyser do not know what they are missing...


Gert Gremmen
ce-test, qualified testing



Gert Gremmen
ce-test qualified testing.

-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Bill Morse
Sent: donderdag 22 augustus 2002 19:01
To: 'Cortland Richmond'; Bill Morse; ieee pstc list
Subject: RE: Emissions quick test



Yep, they're many ways of doing it. Heating the crystals and watching the
frequency of interest for variation, disabling the clocks one at a time,
come to
mind.

They all have their uses and limitations.




 -Original Message-
From:   Cortland Richmond [mailto:72146@compuserve.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, August 21, 2002 2:37 PM
To: Bill Morse; ieee pstc list
Subject:RE: Emissions quick test


Just a note about telling clocks apart... unless they're phase locked
(sometimes even then) a receiver with a BFO can let you distinguish from
among clocks only 100's of Hz apart.  Sometimes it can let you tell which
of several clocks is slower to lock as well, as you can hear the varying
tone that makes coming into lock with the reference.

Cortland

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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Bill Morse

Yep, they're many ways of doing it. Heating the crystals and watching the
frequency of interest for variation, disabling the clocks one at a time, come to
mind.

They all have their uses and limitations.




 -Original Message-
From:   Cortland Richmond [mailto:72146@compuserve.com] 
Sent:   Wednesday, August 21, 2002 2:37 PM
To: Bill Morse; ieee pstc list
Subject:RE: Emissions quick test


Just a note about telling clocks apart... unless they're phase locked
(sometimes even then) a receiver with a BFO can let you distinguish from
among clocks only 100's of Hz apart.  Sometimes it can let you tell which
of several clocks is slower to lock as well, as you can hear the varying
tone that makes coming into lock with the reference. 

Cortland

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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Cortland Richmond

Just a note about telling clocks apart... unless they're phase locked
(sometimes even then) a receiver with a BFO can let you distinguish from
among clocks only 100's of Hz apart.  Sometimes it can let you tell which
of several clocks is slower to lock as well, as you can hear the varying
tone that makes coming into lock with the reference. 

Cortland

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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-22 Thread Cortland Richmond

Joe Martin wrote:

 Credence Technologies manufactures a probe with a built in low noise
amplifier

Ohmygosh, yes. How could I have forgotten THEM! An untuned probe, with
output to a scope or analyzer, too. Neat tool. 

I spent a fun half hour or so talking to their very bright son last year
about resonance.  He had been bragging about his academic grade point
average. (grin)


Cortland

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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Bill Morse

Every person working in the EMC field has their own techniques when dealing will
emissions issues. Mostly based on past experiences, product type, what tools
they have handy or can afford plus the political atmosphere where they work.

I am no exception, part of my list of tools include:

EMCO 3142B antenna
Fischer Custom Communications current clamp F-130B frequency range 100kHz -
1GHz.
EMCO 7405 Probe set
And a CASSPER ETS Model 2000 Virtual Chamber
Lots of small hand built probes

For me the political atmosphere is time to market and then the cost of the fix,
so any tool that speeds up troubleshooting and gives more options is easy to
justify.

The CASSPER system is mostly billed as an ambient cancellation system, which it
does fairly well up to 30dB for external outside the building noise. For
internal noise in the room/building that you are using it in it has no effect. I
vary seldom use this part of the system.

Personally I think they are not advertising correctly. 

The source localization capabilities of the unit are amazing. For reasons
unknown the design engineers where I work with like using 4MHz, 12MHz and 24MHz
clocks to run the different processors in our systems; talk about stack-up. I
think they're punishing me for transgressions in a past life. Our typical test
methodology for testing the EUT is to take it to our favorite 10m chamber if it
fails, it does happen once and awhile, we take it back to our lab and
troubleshoot it. 

I can go from looking at the signal with the CASSPER with the 3142B antenna on
channel 1 and current clamp on channel 2 using the source localization mode and
find the radiating element, typically a cable. Then switching the current
clamp, now clamped on the radiating element to channel 1 and a near field probe
on channel 2 I can find the trace and driver circuit which is the source of the
emissions. Total time under 10 minutes usually. Solutions about what to do about
it sometimes take a bit longer, but now I know the driver, path and radiating
element. I can now choose how to attack the issue to bring product into
compliance; driver, path or radiating element.

I once built a test bed with dithering clocks operating at 24MHz then mixed them
together with one of the clock signals having a 10dB attenuator in line with it.
The system used an inductively coupled loop antenna to guarantee that it would
radiate. Even with the same percentage of dithering I could tell the dithering
clocks apart.

Like any other tool it has its quirks and limitations that have to be learned
but it does the job. It is not however inexpensive.

William Morse NCE

 -Original Message-
From:   lisa_cef...@mksinst.com [mailto:lisa_cef...@mksinst.com] 
Sent:   Tuesday, August 20, 2002 1:35 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Emissions quick test


Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Joe P Martin


Lisa,

If you are just interested in sniffing out emissions, Credence
Technologies manufactures a probe with a built in low noise amplifier.  You
can use this probe without a spectrum analyzer to sniff out emissions.
However, unless you connect the probe to a spectrum analyzer, you can not
determine emission levels.  If you are interested, take a look at their
website.

http://www.credencetech.com/scanem.html

Regards

Joe Martin




  
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com 
  
Sent by:   To: 
emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
owner-emc-pstc@majordomcc:  
  
o.ieee.org Subject: Emissions 
quick test

  

  
08/20/2002 01:34 PM 
  
Please respond to   
  
Lisa_Cefalo 
  

  

  





Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread John Juhasz

Lisa,

At minimum you really should have a spectrum analyzer, but
that's my opinion.
For a good 'homemade' probe try Doug Smith's web site.
http://emcesd.com/  Scroll down the page. 

Good luck.

John A. Juhasz

GE Interlogix
Fiber Options Div.
Bohemia, NY 



-Original Message-
From: lisa_cef...@mksinst.com [mailto:lisa_cef...@mksinst.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 4:35 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Emissions quick test



Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Alan E Hutley

Try Laplace www.laplace.co.uk
Cheers
Alan E Hutley
EMC Compliance Journal
www.compliance-club.com


- Original Message -
From: lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 9:34 PM
Subject: Emissions quick test



 Hi all,

 Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or
equipment
 for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
 past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.
Also,
 Is there a universal probe kit out there?

 Thank you in advance.

 Lisa

 Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
 Manager, Reliability and Design Services
 MKS Instruments
 6 Shattuck Road
 Andover, MA 01810
 (978)-975-2350  X 5669
 lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Ravinder Ajmani


Lisa,
Com Power sells complete pre-compliance system with an inexpensive spectrum
analyzer, pre-amplifier, and a set of  three probes.

Regards, Ravinder
PCB Development and Design Department
IBM Corporation
Email: ajm...@us.ibm.com
***
Always do right.  This will gratify some people and astonish the rest.
 Mark Twain




 
  lisa_cef...@mksinst.co
 
  m To:   
emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
  Sent by:  cc: 
 
  owner-emc-pstc@majordoSubject:  Emissions quick 
test 
  mo.ieee.org   
 

 

 
  08/20/2002 01:34 PM   
 
  Please respond to 
 
  Lisa_Cefalo   
 

 

 




Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Doug McKean

I have used a little portable transistor radio for system 
sniffing of a system with low level freqs and with already 
knowing the problem freqs. 

Regards, Doug McKean 


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RE: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Price, Ed



-Original Message-
From: lisa_cef...@mksinst.com [mailto:lisa_cef...@mksinst.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 20, 2002 1:35 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Emissions quick test



Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method 
or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum 
Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be 
costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com




Lisa:

You can make a fairly universal probe by winding three turns of stiff wire
around your little finger. Remove finger and solder the coil to the end of
female/female BNC connector. Connect probe to a spectrum analyzer and start
probing.

You can make another cheap probe by stripping about an inch of the outer
conductor off the end of a piece of RG-223 coax. The dielectric will support
the small stub of center conductor, and you get a nice, low sensitivity
probe that you can drag over ribbon cable wires or board traces.

A spectrum analyzer is about the minimum ticket needed for this ride. You
could use a cheap AM radio, or a scanner, or a communications receiver, but
interpreting the results is time consuming. You could use an analog
oscilloscope for some probing, but you could get a low-end spectrum analyzer
for the cost of a decent oscilloscope. You can buy an old spectrum analyzer,
typically something like an HP-141/8552/8553 for well under $1000; just
watch eBay for a couple of weeks.

If you are extremely determined to avoid buying a spectrum analyzer, you
might be interested in a classic Ham Radio project, called the Poor Man's
Spectrum Analyzer. This project allowed you to build a spectrum analyzer
using old television tuners, and is a testament to what can be accomplished
with unlimited labor applied to analog junk.

Regards,

Ed


Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA  USA
858-505-2780  (Voice)
858-505-1583  (Fax)
Military  Avionics EMC Is Our Specialty
Shake-Bake-Shock - Metrology - Reliability Analysis

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Re: Emissions quick test

2002-08-21 Thread Ken Javor

EMCO/ETS makes a probe kit with a preamp for under $1000.  Several probes,
E- and H-field.  Electro-metrics makes the same kind of kit, but without the
pre-amp, per my recollection.  I think Com-power might also do this kind of
thing, and be the low price vendor as well.  If the EUT is noisy and you are
in very close, you might be able to see something on an oscilloscope, but
clearly it will a low-passed time domain waveform which you cannot correlate
well with measured OATS data.  There are pre-compliance analyzers on the
market for well under $5 K these days.

on 8/20/02 3:34 PM, lisa_cef...@mksinst.com at lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
wrote:

 
 Hi all,
 
 Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
 for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
 past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
 Is there a universal probe kit out there?
 
 Thank you in advance.
 
 Lisa
 
 Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
 Manager, Reliability and Design Services
 MKS Instruments
 6 Shattuck Road
 Andover, MA 01810
 (978)-975-2350  X 5669
 lisa_cef...@mksinst.com
 
 
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-- 

Ken Javor
EMC Compliance
Huntsville, Alabama
256/650-5261



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Emissions quick test

2002-08-20 Thread Lisa_Cefalo

Hi all,

Does anyone know of a  down- and- dirty , inexpensive method or equipment
for sniffing out emissions issues?  I've used a Spectrum Analyzer in the
past with a series of different probes, but that tends to be costly.  Also,
Is there a universal probe kit out there?

Thank you in advance.

Lisa

Lisa A. Cefalo, CRE
Manager, Reliability and Design Services
MKS Instruments
6 Shattuck Road
Andover, MA 01810
(978)-975-2350  X 5669
lisa_cef...@mksinst.com


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