Re: BSD sleep
On 29/05/2013 05:59, Michael Sierchio wrote: On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 4:45 PM, Joshua Isom jri...@gmail.com wrote: You think it's trivial until you read this: http://infiniteundo.com/post/**25326999628/falsehoods-** programmers-believe-about-timehttp://infiniteundo.com/post/25326999628/falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-time Some days have 86400 seconds, some have 86401. There is a provision for two leap seconds to be applied at once, but that hasn't ever happened. Still, a truly correct clock, set to UTC, might someday read 23:59:59 23:59:60 23:59:61 00:00:00 How many seconds did that hour have? Right. The fact that on very rare occasions a minute may not have 60 seconds in it plus many other corner cases in calculating the current wall-clock time is an amusing irrelevance. First of all, sleep deals in local elapsed time, which is a well defined property even if the displayed wall-clock time would be all over the place due to DST changes or relativistic effects or whatever. In this case, I'd be pretty surprised if GNU sleep's algorithm was anything more complicated than to convert the stated time into seconds and then sleep that number of seconds. And to do that conversion, it wwould just define one minute as 60 seconds, one hour as 60 minutes, one day as 24 hours, one week as 7 days, perhaps one month as 30 days, one year as 365 days[*]. Sure, it's simplistic and unsophisticated, but as an engineering solution it's good enough for the vast majority of purposes. Cheers, Matthew [*] I haven't checked on GNU sleep, but (for example) this is exactly what dnssec-keygen(8) does. -- Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil. PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: BSD sleep
On 05/29/13 05:59, Michael Sierchio wrote: On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 4:45 PM, Joshua Isom jri...@gmail.com wrote: You think it's trivial until you read this: http://infiniteundo.com/post/**25326999628/falsehoods-** programmers-believe-about-timehttp://infiniteundo.com/post/25326999628/falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-time Some days have 86400 seconds, some have 86401. There is a provision for two leap seconds to be applied at once, but that hasn't ever happened. A little pedantic nitpick: no there isn't, that was caused by an initial misreading of the definition of leap seconds. There *can* be two leap seconds in a year (which is what caused the confusion), but if that happens one will be at the end of June and the other at the end of December, they'll not happen together. Theoretically it's possible to have a negative leap second, but as that would require the Earth's core to collapse enough to spin it faster or a hit from a massive impactor, I'd rather not be around to see it. :-} -- In the dungeons of Mordor, Sauron bred Orcs with LOLcats to create a new race of servants. Called Uruk-Oh-Hai in the Black Speech, they were cruel and delighted in torturing spelling and grammar. _Lord of the Rings 2.0, the Web Edition_ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: openvpn and tap device
On 05/28/13 23:14, Pol Hallen wrote: Hi all! I installed openvpn (I use it like client). There isn't any openvpn_enable=YES and openvpn_if=tap in rc.conf but after start openvpn I can connect to openvpn server and clients. ifconfig doesn't show me any tap interface is it a correct situation? It's a while since I looked at OpenVPN, so this is from unreliable memory, but IIRC it uses tap devices under Windows and tun devices under Unix(ish) OSes. Do you see tun0 appear? -- In the dungeons of Mordor, Sauron bred Orcs with LOLcats to create a new race of servants. Called Uruk-Oh-Hai in the Black Speech, they were cruel and delighted in torturing spelling and grammar. _Lord of the Rings 2.0, the Web Edition_ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: openvpn and tap device
On 05/29/13 09:36, Arthur Chance wrote: It's a while since I looked at OpenVPN, so this is from unreliable memory, but IIRC it uses tap devices under Windows and tun devices under Unix(ish) OSes. It can use tun OR tap device on both Unix(ish) (and IIRC the same holds for Windows). Do you see tun0 appear? Yes (unless I use a tap based setup). bye av. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: using ports or gems (easy_install)
On Tue, 28 May 2013 15:06:15 +0200 Albert Shih albert.s...@obspm.fr wrote: Le 28/05/2013 ? 14:50:25+0700, Olivier Nicole a écrit Hi, I would like to known how you manage your gem (ruby) or easyinstall (python). Do you use ports ? or directly gems or easyinstall ? or both ? As far as I can, I use ports, for consistency. Me too. But what you do when you cannot ? (Like the ports don't exist) ? I see three possibility : 1/ write the ports (unfortunately not for me) 2/ wait until someone does (many time it's impossible) 3/ use easy_install or gem It is easy to learn. I would strongly suggest learning it, even if you just maintain the ports yourself and don't contribute them to the ports tree. Doing so will drastically improve the manageability of your system. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel?
Hello. I am using FreeBSD9.1 [root@h-qa-033 ~]# uname -a FreeBSD h-qa-033 9.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE #0: Tue May 28 11:26:45 IDT 2013 root@h-qa-033:/usr/obj/lab/odeds/freebsd/9.1.0/sys/MYKERNEL amd64 OFED and IB support are compiled in kernel. 1. How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel? [root@h-qa-033 ~]# kldstat -v | grep mlx4 -B 5 Id Refs AddressSize Name 1 10 0x8020 13dcbf8 kernel (/boot/kernel/kernel) Contains modules: Id Name 420 mlxen 418 mlx4ib 419 mlx4 I want to unload/load mlx4ib. 2. Is there any way to take it out of kernel and load manually? Like if_lagg for example: [root@h-qa-033 ~]# kldstat Id Refs AddressSize Name 1 10 0x8020 13dcbf8 kernel 31 0x81812000 2197 if_mos.ko 41 0x81815000 690a if_lagg.ko Thanks a lot. Alex. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel?
[root@h-qa-033 ~]# uname -a FreeBSD h-qa-033 9.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE #0: Tue May 28 11:26:45 IDT 2013 root@h-qa-033:/usr/obj/lab/odeds/freebsd/9.1.0/sys/MYKERNEL amd64 OFED and IB support are compiled in kernel. 1. How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel? kldload and kldunload should be what you are looking for. Olivier ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
Fred Morcos fred.morcos at gmail.com writes: .. The improvement effect can be noticed on large inputs. These algorithms will most probably perform quite badly on small inputs. I think your concern has been addressed in review of various algos where base case identification helped to avoid overhead cost in small problem sizes relative to cache. http://erikdemaine.org/papers/BRICS2002/paper.pdf In light of available but not implemented better VMM algos, perhaps *BSD and Linux could eliminate or reduce the need for: - swap space - swapping out RAM even if there is no lack of it - overcommitment of memory (a bluff asking to be punished by OOM killer) - OOM killer Besides, they allow sloppy/dangerous programming. jb ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
what is stopping from interpreting 1h in similar manner to 3600? i.e. from now No, this is user-friendly, and thus can't be done :) But if think a second, sleep is used rarely by average users, mostly by programmers and other scripts, and they should know better what they are doing. Seriously, that explanation about different hours is not enough to prevent at least useful option. like sleep -f 1h (-f means force convert, without it you can see good explanation why sleep for 1 hour will be not sleep for 1 hour, and etc, and not get sleep at all.). Exact units in which sleeps happens (seconds, ticks, minutes, years) can be described in manual page, even without accepting m,h - that info would be useful for one. P.S. There is already non-portable feature in sleep - non-integer, and I'm sure that no one thought about some financists from various countries, who used to specify long numbers with separator, e.g. 3.600, and this means for them one hour and not 3 point 6 seconds. -- Regards, Alexander Yerenkow ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
On 29 May 2013 07:13, Matthew Seaman matt...@freebsd.org wrote: On 29/05/2013 05:59, Michael Sierchio wrote: On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 4:45 PM, Joshua Isom jri...@gmail.com wrote: You think it's trivial until you read this: http://infiniteundo.com/post/**25326999628/falsehoods-** programmers-believe-about-time http://infiniteundo.com/post/25326999628/falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-time Some days have 86400 seconds, some have 86401. There is a provision for two leap seconds to be applied at once, but that hasn't ever happened. Still, a truly correct clock, set to UTC, might someday read 23:59:59 23:59:60 23:59:61 00:00:00 How many seconds did that hour have? Right. The fact that on very rare occasions a minute may not have 60 seconds in it plus many other corner cases in calculating the current wall-clock time is an amusing irrelevance. First of all, sleep deals in local elapsed time, which is a well defined property even if the displayed wall-clock time would be all over the place due to DST changes or relativistic effects or whatever. In this case, I'd be pretty surprised if GNU sleep's algorithm was anything more complicated than to convert the stated time into seconds and then sleep that number of seconds. And to do that conversion, it wwould just define one minute as 60 seconds, one hour as 60 minutes, one day as 24 hours, one week as 7 days, perhaps one month as 30 days, one year as 365 days[*]. Sure, it's simplistic and unsophisticated, but as an engineering solution it's good enough for the vast majority of purposes. OK, but is this really something the OS should handle? I'm sure sleep `expr 3600 \* 2` will suffice and is perfectly readable, including being more portable. Why should we keep putting these weird extensions in? At some point it just becomes fiddling, and yet another source of error when porting Chris ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:19 PM, jb jb.1234a...@gmail.com wrote: Fred Morcos fred.morcos at gmail.com writes: .. The improvement effect can be noticed on large inputs. These algorithms will most probably perform quite badly on small inputs. I think your concern has been addressed in review of various algos where base case identification helped to avoid overhead cost in small problem sizes relative to cache. http://erikdemaine.org/papers/BRICS2002/paper.pdf I will check the paper out after work, but for clarification: Also, properly written cache-oblivious algorithms tend to recursively decompose the problem until it is small enough to fit in a cache and solve each part iteratively. -- refers to the base case. The issue is when the input is small enough to be solved faster iteratively but too large to fit in the cache. Also note that this is extremely machine and cache-dependent. Still, I will check the paper out :) thanks. In light of available but not implemented better VMM algos, perhaps *BSD and Linux could eliminate or reduce the need for: - swap space I run Archlinux without any swap space on a workstation laptop without problems. I occasionally fallocate a swapfile when I need to build GHC (usually in /tmp to make use of tmpfs). - swapping out RAM even if there is no lack of it Linux has a sysctl variable vm.swappiness which you can set to 0 or 1 out of 100. Not sure how to achieve the same on FreeBSD, maybe one or more combinations of the following? vm.swap_idle_threshold2: 10 vm.swap_idle_threshold1: 2 vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout: 236969 vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin: 28411 vm.stats.vm.v_swapout: 92607 vm.stats.vm.v_swapin: 28285 vm.disable_swapspace_pageouts: 0 vm.defer_swapspace_pageouts: 0 vm.swap_idle_enabled: 0 - overcommitment of memory (a bluff asking to be punished by OOM killer) - OOM killer Besides, they allow sloppy/dangerous programming. jb ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
Seriously, that explanation about different hours is not enough to prevent at least useful option. like sleep -f 1h (-f means force convert, without it you can see good explanation why sleep for 1 hour will be not sleep for 1 hour, and etc, and not get sleep at all.). Do one thing, and do it well. What you have proposed involves: * an additional force flag * interpolation of what follows the force flag (does m mean minutes, or months?) * expectations around time, time zones, and what an hours is. That fails the litmus test on complexity for me personally - it seems like a lot of complexity for not much gain. P.S. There is already non-portable feature in sleep - non-integer, and I'm sure that no one thought about some financists from various countries, who used to specify long numbers with separator, e.g. 3.600, and this means for them one hour and not 3 point 6 seconds. This isn't a good reason for adding another non-portable feature. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
I'm just saying that there's pretty space for discussion. If someone raised this now, why not discuss it now. If you sleep one hour, do you sleep one hour from now or one hour from the system clock which may change in the next hour? If it's the system clock, you may sleep for ten minutes or ten hours. If you need to sleep for 3600 seconds, that's simple and understandable. How about rephrase it: If you sleep 3600 seconds, do you sleep 3600 seconds from now or 3600 seconds from the system clock which may change in the next hour? If it's the system clock, you may sleep for ten minutes or ten hours. How way of specifying period changing the fact that internal minimal unit of sleep is not clearly specified in manpage? Also, there no info on how DST/ ntp time changes affects of running sleeps. I don't see right now how new flag (which currently if specified makes `sleep` exit with help), could break something, but I see that this is could be useful in some cases. This also raise question what sleep should do if something specified incorrectly, like sleep 2h30m30m , or 1h1h or else. And also if any changes would be accepted, this should be specified in manpage (that one about `m` as month). About non-portable feature with non-integers, it was just side observation. -- Regards, Alexander Yerenkow ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
idle process keeping cpu 150% busy in freebsd 9.1
Hello, I am new to FreeBSD. I just installed 9.1-RELEASE-p3 (comes with PC-BSD 9.1) on an HP Pavilion s5100z. The machine has a dual-core AMD Athlon 7750 processor. What happens is that when I am doing nothing on the machine, one core is about 150% busy running the idle process: USERPID %CPU %MEMVSZ RSS TT STAT STARTEDTIME COMMAND root 11 152.9 0.0 032 ?? RL8:19AM 2:14.50 [idle] root 0 0.0 0.1 0 2672 ?? DLs 8:19AM 0:00.36 [kernel] root 1 0.0 0.0 6276 416 ?? SLs 8:19AM 0:00.05 /sbin/init -- I have read [1]http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=38757, which seems to be relevant, and I tried sysctl -w kern.eventtimer.timer=various choices as they suggest, but to no avail. One more piece of information: the only possible problem I see when the machine boots is the following in dmesg: ... acpi0: HPQOEM SLIC-CPC on motherboard acpi0: Power Button (fixed) ACPI Error: Field [ASSM] at 524320 exceeds Buffer [BUF0] size 880 (bits) (20110527/dsopcode-254) ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed [\\_SB_.MEM_._CRS] (Node 0xfe0003cfc380), AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT (20110527/psparse-560) ACPI Error: Method execution failed [\\_SB_.MEM_._CRS] (Node 0xfe0003cfc380), AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT (20110527/uteval-113) can't fetch resources for \\_SB_.MEM_ - AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT cpu0: ACPI CPU on acpi0 cpu1: ACPI CPU on acpi0 ... Any help would be greatly appreciated. Kostas References 1. http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=38757 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Sun, 26 May 2013 12:36:42 + (UTC) jb wrote: But, swapping is also a symptom, not a problem. It is never a good idea to let it get to that point. No, there are thing that are better on disk than in memory. The most common example is tmpfs. It's much better that files left on tmpfs can sent to disk rather tying up physical memory indefinitely. BTW you mean paging, or swap use, rather that swapping. Linux supports only paging, so it can be taken as read that swapping means paging, but FreeBSD supports both. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, 29 May 2013 13:57:22 +0200 Fred Morcos wrote: Linux has a sysctl variable vm.swappiness which you can set to 0 or 1 out of 100. Not sure how to achieve the same on FreeBSD, maybe one or more combinations of the following? You'll probably make things worse. vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout: 236969 vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin: 28411 vm.stats.vm.v_swapout: 92607 vm.stats.vm.v_swapin: 28285 These are just information vm.disable_swapspace_pageouts: 0 I'm not entirely sure, but I think this just disables paging at runtime - rather than compile time. vm.defer_swapspace_pageouts: 0 IIRC this defers paging, but it can end up with the paging done on the critical path rather in the background - it's usually a bad idea. vm.swap_idle_enabled: 0 vm.swap_idle_threshold2: 10 vm.swap_idle_threshold1: 2 This why you shouldn't confuse swapping and paging. These are about actually swapping-out processes. It's mainly about reducing memory use on multiuser systems where there many terminal idle at at any time. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Sjournals Services (Open Journal Management system, Sjournals Index, ...)
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Re: BSD sleep
On May 29, 2013, at 7:58 AM, Jason Birch jbi...@jbirch.net wrote: Seriously, that explanation about different hours is not enough to prevent at least useful option. like sleep -f 1h (-f means force convert, without it you can see good explanation why sleep for 1 hour will be not sleep for 1 hour, and etc, and not get sleep at all.). Do one thing, and do it well. What you have proposed involves: * an additional force flag * interpolation of what follows the force flag (does m mean minutes, or months?) * expectations around time, time zones, and what an hours is. That fails the litmus test on complexity for me personally - it seems like a lot of complexity for not much gain. Agreed. When I first started dealing with Unix professionally (1995, I started playing with Unix-like OSes almost 10 years earlier) I was taught that each Unix command does one thing and does it well. That simplicity is one of the core strengths of Unix (and Unix-like) OSes. With the popularization of Linux I see many movements towards a dumbing down of the OS, making it behave more like more common OSes, even if those changes make it less robust and flexible. One of the reasons I choose FreeBSD over Linux in many cases is that FreeBSD is closer to the roots of Unix in terms of keeping things simple and reliability being more important than convenience. Disclaimer: I spent most of my time between 1995 and 2012 managing Solaris systems. An occasional Linux system would crop up. When I started really looking at FreeBSD in 2012 (I wanted ZFS and OpenSolaris / OpenIndiana / NexentaCore / Illumos did not support my hardware) I was very happily surprised that it felt like a grown up OS and not the toy that many Linux distributions feel like to me. -- Paul Kraus Deputy Technical Director, LoneStarCon 3 Sound Coordinator, Schenectady Light Opera Company ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
On Wed, 29 May 2013 12:04:47 +0100 Chris Rees wrote: On 29 May 2013 07:13, Matthew Seaman matt...@freebsd.org wrote: Right. The fact that on very rare occasions a minute may not have 60 seconds in it plus many other corner cases in calculating the current wall-clock time is an amusing irrelevance. And in any case where you cared about the leap second, you would probably care that sleep doesn't wake-up on a second boundary, and can end-up in the next second. OK, but is this really something the OS should handle? I'm sure sleep `expr 3600 \* 2` will suffice and is perfectly readable, including being more portable. +1 ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
On Wed, 29 May 2013 10:01:53 -0400 Paul Kraus wrote: Agreed. When I first started dealing with Unix professionally (1995, I started playing with Unix-like OSes almost 10 years earlier) I was taught that each Unix command does one thing and does it well. It would still just be doing one thing - sleeping. Support for units usually comes under and does it well. I wouldn't want to have to pipe df through awk to get MBs, or complicate find with arithmetic. Unit support in sleep is a perfectly legitimate thing to ask for, I don't think it particularly useful though, and leap-second support is close to pointless. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Routed(8) resurrecting deleted aliases
I've got a gateway machine running routed. If I use ifconfig to temporarily add a /32 alias to an interface to give it an alternate identity on that interface's network, and then delete the alias, it reappears in the routing table shortly after. Use route delete to clear it and it reappears again. Automate the process and it reappears every 30 seconds, corresponding to routed's cycle time. The only way to permanently clear it is to restart routed. This is at 9.1-RELEASE-p3 on amd64. I can't find any PR that matches this behaviour or anything via Google except for one comment on the forums that's less than helpful(*). Anybody know anything about this, or should I file a PR? (*) The comment consists of That's because you are running routed with no explanation or suggestions. -- In the dungeons of Mordor, Sauron bred Orcs with LOLcats to create a new race of servants. Called Uruk-Oh-Hai in the Black Speech, they were cruel and delighted in torturing spelling and grammar. _Lord of the Rings 2.0, the Web Edition_ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Little help with radius
Hello list, I was trying to do ssh authentication using Radius but, Radius server is on the AD not in my FreeBSD box. Anyone can give to me a clue? Thanks in advance, Regards/Saludos.- Leonardo Santagostini ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: openvpn and tap device
It's a while since I looked at OpenVPN, so this is from unreliable memory, but IIRC it uses tap devices under Windows and tun devices under Unix(ish) OSes. Do you see tun0 appear? sorry for the mistake: tun device I don't have any tun devices but I can use openvpn to connect to other vpn client Pol ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 6:19 AM, jb jb.1234a...@gmail.com wrote: - overcommitment of memory (a bluff asking to be punished by OOM killer) No self respecting Unix has an OOM by default. - OOM killer Are you suggesting FreeBSD does this crap? Besides, they allow sloppy/dangerous programming. Yup, in the kernel. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
looking for command to display default route ip address
Hello list How do I find the ip address of the default route? thanks ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Sun, May 26, 2013 at 6:17 PM, Adam Vande More amvandem...@gmail.comwrote: Normal dynamic wear leveling on a modern SSD will be better than imposing an FS- backed swap for 4GB partion occupying a small fraction of total drive space. Quite so. - M ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: looking for command to display default route ip address
Joe fb...@a1poweruser.com writes: Hello list How do I find the ip address of the default route? The next-hop address, or the local address? The former can be easily parsed out of the netstat(1) output, the latter isn't necessarily unique. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: looking for command to display default route ip address
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 2:03 PM, Joe fb...@a1poweruser.com wrote: Hello list How do I find the ip address of the default route? The following examples return the next hop, usually a router. # grep defaultrouter /etc/rc.conf defaultrouter=192.168.0.1 or # netstat -r Routing tables Internet: DestinationGatewayFlagsRefs Use Netif Expire default192.168.0.1 UGS 0 192em0 ... -- Take care Rick Miller ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: How to switch Datgram/Connected mtu modes?
On Sunday, May 26, 2013 7:43:29 am Alex Liptsin wrote: Hello. I work with FreeBSD 9.1 and Mellanox devices. How can I configure MTU in connected mode on FreeBSD 9.1? In Linux to enable connected mode for interface ib0, I enter: echo connected /sys/class/net/ib0/mode Switching between CM and UD mode can be done in run time: echo datagram /sys/class/net/ib0/mode sets the mode of ib0 to UD echo connected /sys/class/net/ib0/mode sets the mode ib0 to CM There is no such directories at FreeBSD. Wat shall I do? Have you tried looking for dev.ib.0 sysctls? It looks like the OFED bits in FreeBSD map Linux sysfs entries to sysctl nodes, but I don't have a box with IB handy to see what it looks like at runtime. -- John Baldwin ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, 29 May 2013, Michael Sierchio wrote: On Sun, May 26, 2013 at 6:17 PM, Adam Vande More amvandem...@gmail.com wrote: Normal dynamic wear leveling on a modern SSD will be better than imposing an FS- backed swap for 4GB partion occupying a small fraction of total drive space. And you don't think the presence of TRIM--where the SSD can actually know which blocks are no longer in use--is worthwhile? ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: looking for command to display default route ip address
route -n get default On 13-05-29 12:03 PM, Joe wrote: Hello list How do I find the ip address of the default route? thanks ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:05 PM, Warren Block wbl...@wonkity.com wrote: And you don't think the presence of TRIM--where the SSD can actually know which blocks are no longer in use--is worthwhile? As a whole, TRIM is worthwhile. However when an SSD is overprovisioned it provides a lot of benefits. TRIM-less swap in this case doesn't. The PE rate of the worst MLC SSD's at this point is @3000 AFAIK. Given those figures and average desktop swap rate at my estimation, prioritizing write endurance on an SSD is not beneficial(especially with a SanForce). If you are swapping continuously something like ZeusRAM may be required. There are probably other solutions available as well as other 3rd party ones. If you are swapping a lot, the best case is usually to add RAM. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
PS -- Moderating questions@ is just awful. I'm disappointed. On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:34 PM, Adam Vande More amvandem...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 1:05 PM, Warren Block wbl...@wonkity.com wrote: And you don't think the presence of TRIM--where the SSD can actually know which blocks are no longer in use--is worthwhile? As a whole, TRIM is worthwhile. However when an SSD is overprovisioned it provides a lot of benefits. TRIM-less swap in this case doesn't. The PE rate of the worst MLC SSD's at this point is @3000 AFAIK. Given those figures and average desktop swap rate at my estimation, prioritizing write endurance on an SSD is not beneficial(especially with a SanForce). If you are swapping continuously something like ZeusRAM may be required. There are probably other solutions available as well as other 3rd party ones. If you are swapping a lot, the best case is usually to add RAM. -- Adam Vande More -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
I'm personally a fan of a forest-green bike shed myself... It would still just be doing one thing - sleeping. I agree. Perfect solution fallacy aside, a sleep option with basic time increments would be useful for real-world purposes. I'm in favor of computing it as a multiple of seconds as previously outlined. We don't need to contrive the sleep function for every possible corner case until it's reduced to something complicated, buggy and unreliable. As long as it doesn't break existing code, new and useful options are appreciated. As a programmer, if I say sleep for 1 hour I expect it to sleep for 3600 local seconds from the time the call is made until it wakes up again without any absurd gotchas. If the real-world time elapsed is more or less than 3600 seconds due to an internal clock error - fine. That's a different problem altogether. My 2 cents. -Modulok- On 5/29/13, RW rwmailli...@googlemail.com wrote: On Wed, 29 May 2013 10:01:53 -0400 Paul Kraus wrote: Agreed. When I first started dealing with Unix professionally (1995, I started playing with Unix-like OSes almost 10 years earlier) I was taught that each Unix command does one thing and does it well. It would still just be doing one thing - sleeping. Support for units usually comes under and does it well. I wouldn't want to have to pipe df through awk to get MBs, or complicate find with arithmetic. Unit support in sleep is a perfectly legitimate thing to ask for, I don't think it particularly useful though, and leap-second support is close to pointless. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
RW rwmaillists at googlemail.com writes: On Sun, 26 May 2013 12:36:42 + (UTC) jb wrote: But, swapping is also a symptom, not a problem. It is never a good idea to let it get to that point. No, there are thing that are better on disk than in memory. The most common example is tmpfs. It's much better that files left on tmpfs can sent to disk rather tying up physical memory indefinitely. BTW you mean paging, or swap use, rather that swapping. Linux supports only paging, so it can be taken as read that swapping means paging, but FreeBSD supports both. Yes, there is some confusion about the diff, if any, between paging and swapping. Paging - copying or moving pages between physical memory (RAM) and secondary storage (e.g. hard disk), in both directions. Swapping - nowdays is synonymous with paging. But its history is as follows (per Wikipedia): Historically, swapping referred to moving from/to secondary storage a whole program at a time, in a scheme known as roll-in/roll-out. In the 1960s, after the concept of virtual memory was introduced — in two variants, either using segments or pages — the term swapping was applied to moving, respectively, either segments or pages, between memory and disk. Today with the virtual memory mostly based on pages, not segments, swapping became a fairly close synonym of paging. You say that FB supports both, Linux supports paging only. Well, Linux utilizes swap space as part of virtual memory. So, can you elaborate more on that - what is the essence of the diff, why should I avoid the term swapping when referring to Linux, assuming VMM systems on both ? jb ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On Wed, May 29, 2013 at 2:52 PM, jb jb.1234a...@gmail.com wrote: Well, Linux utilizes swap space as part of virtual memory. As does every other Unix. -- Adam Vande More ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: swap partition leads to instability?
On May 29, 2013, at 3:52 PM, jb jb.1234a...@gmail.com wrote: Yes, there is some confusion about the diff, if any, between paging and swapping. Paging - copying or moving pages between physical memory (RAM) and secondary storage (e.g. hard disk), in both directions. Swapping - nowdays is synonymous with paging. You say that FB supports both, Linux supports paging only. Well, Linux utilizes swap space as part of virtual memory. So, can you elaborate more on that - what is the essence of the diff, why should I avoid the term swapping when referring to Linux, assuming VMM systems on both ? When I started working professionally with Unix systems in 1995, I was taught that paging was the process of copying least used pages of RAM onto disk so that the RAM could be freed if the system needed more RAM. Swapping was the process of moving an entire program from RAM to disk in order to free up RAM. In other words, a process can be swapped out and placed on disk until it comes up to run again, at which point it can be swapped in and executed. I think that much of the confusion comes from the use of the SWAP device by the PAGING system. When the concept of paging came about, it just used the already existing SWAP space to store it's paged out pages of memory. On the systems I worked on at the time (SunOS / Solaris), paging was a sign of pressure on the physical memory (RAM) of a system, swapping was a sign of _severe_ physical memory pressure. This was a time when we configured 2 to 4 times the amount of physical RAM as SWAP space. RAM was very expensive and hard drives just expensive :-) It was common on a normally operating system to see the page scanner* running up to 100 times per second. A scan rate of over 100 was considered a sign of pressure on RAM that needed to be addressed, any SWAPing was considered a sign that the system needed more physical RAM. Today RAM is so cheap that _any_ paging is often considered bad and an indication that more Ram should be added. *Solaris Page Scanner: This is a kernel level process that wakes up, examines the amount of free RAM, and takes action based on that value. The thresholds are all dynamic and based on the amount of RAM in the system. Above a high water mark the scanner does nothing. As the amount of free RAM drops, various pages of RAM are copied to SWAP space and the RAM freed. Eventually, if the amount of free Ram falls low enough, even parts of the kernel will be paged out. This is very bad and can lead to a system thrashing where it spends the vast majority of it's time just paging in and out and not actually getting anything done. -- Paul Kraus Deputy Technical Director, LoneStarCon 3 Sound Coordinator, Schenectady Light Opera Company ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: BSD sleep
On Tue, 28 May 2013 at 19:01 -, Kenta Suzumoto wrote: Hi. Is there no built-in way of making sleep sleep in increments of minutes, hours, etc? The GNU sleep can be invoked like sleep 1h for an hour. The FreeBSD one's manpage leads me to believe we can only use seconds, which is kind of annoying. Is there an undocmented or missing feature here? Seems really trivial to implement. ~ $ sleep 1h usage: sleep seconds See also /usr/ports/misc/delay. Stuart ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel?
Hi, Reference: From: Olivier Nicole olivier.nic...@cs.ait.ac.th Date: Wed, 29 May 2013 17:54:59 +0700 (ICT) Olivier Nicole wrote: [root@h-qa-033 ~]# uname -a FreeBSD h-qa-033 9.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE #0: Tue May 28 11:26:45 IDT 2013 root@h-qa-033:/usr/obj/lab/odeds/freebsd/9.1.0/sys/MYKERNEL amd64 OFED and IB support are compiled in kernel. 1. How can I unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel? kldload and kldunload should be what you are looking for. [Unless things have got more flexible] I dont believe you can unload/load modules that complied inside the kernel. I think you need to compile a new kernel without the modules you want to toggle on off, Then you can use kldload and kldunload. Cheers, Julian -- Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultant, Munich http://berklix.com Reply below not above, like a play script. Indent old text with . Send plain text. No quoted-printable, HTML, base64, multipart/alternative. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Any arp table size limitations?
Peter Andreev andreev.pe...@gmail.com writes: We are connecting to an IXP, they have tested our FreeBSD 9.1 server and said we can store only about 600 MACs simultaneously. So I'd like to ask if there is any arp table size limitations and if so, how we can increase the limit? I looked at the code and there don't seem to be any arbitrary limits. The code isn't optimized for really large numbers of entries, but 600 isn't what I'd consider large in this context. I ran a simple shell script and had no problems entering many thousands of static ARP entries, so my interpretation from reading the code isn't horribly wrong. I think you need to find out what kind of problems they ran into at 600 entries. As a (maybe-irrelevant) side point, I don't know what you mean by IXP, since in my background the term means Internet eXchange Point, and isn't likely to get anywhere close to 600 ARP entries on a single subnet. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Help us identify you and your account
[ChaseNew.gif] Help us identify your account Dear Customer, We need your help resolving an issue with your account. To give us time to work together on this, we've temporarily limited what you can do with your account until the issue is resolved. We understand it may be frustrating not to have full access to your Bank account. We want to work with you to get your account back to normal as quickly as possible. What's the problem? We need a little bit more information about you to help confirm your identity. Case ID Number: PP-001-487-280-335 [1]CLICK TO CONFIRM To help us with this and to find out what you can and can't do with your account until the issue is resolved, log in to your account and go to the Resolution Center. Sincerely, Chase Bank References 1. http://www.sciproducts.co.uk/update/chase/Homepage.php?https://chaseonline.chase.com/Logon.aspx?LOB=RBGLogon ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Any arp table size limitations?
Thank you Lowell, Yes, that's an Internet exchange point. We have done a similar test and didn't found any problems, I asked on maillist just to be sure. 2013/5/30 Lowell Gilbert freebsd-questions-lo...@be-well.ilk.org Peter Andreev andreev.pe...@gmail.com writes: We are connecting to an IXP, they have tested our FreeBSD 9.1 server and said we can store only about 600 MACs simultaneously. So I'd like to ask if there is any arp table size limitations and if so, how we can increase the limit? I looked at the code and there don't seem to be any arbitrary limits. The code isn't optimized for really large numbers of entries, but 600 isn't what I'd consider large in this context. I ran a simple shell script and had no problems entering many thousands of static ARP entries, so my interpretation from reading the code isn't horribly wrong. I think you need to find out what kind of problems they ran into at 600 entries. As a (maybe-irrelevant) side point, I don't know what you mean by IXP, since in my background the term means Internet eXchange Point, and isn't likely to get anywhere close to 600 ARP entries on a single subnet. -- AP ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
