Re: Power failure during portsnap fetch update
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 16:38:02 +0200, Leslie Jensen wrote: My file system /usr/ports/net go damaged I've done fsck -F in single user mode but there are warnings about not being able to fix this. First of all, you should give fsck a second try. Check the damaged partition per fsck -y /dev/ad0s1f (which refers to that partition, e. g. /usr). The directories below cannot be removed That indicates a major file system defect. How do I go about this? There is a nice tool in the base system: clri (clear inode). Please note that you're going to get your hands dirty with this approach! First, determine the inodes of the offending directories. Use ls -ldi to do this. Example: # cd /usr/ports/net # ls -ldi ccxstream netselect spread vde2 288794 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 2011-08-21 03:14:43 ccxstream/ 331753 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 2011-08-21 03:16:10 netselect/ 424004 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 2011-08-21 03:17:50 spread/ 424104 drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 2011-08-21 03:18:04 vde2/ Alternative: You can also use stat to obtain information about a file (and a directory) and its health. Example: # cd /usr/ports/net # stat ccxstream netselect spread vde2 120 288794 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1139829 512 Jul 21 16:46:35 2012 Aug 21 03:14:43 2011 Aug 21 03:14:43 2011 Feb 18 02:04:47 2011 16384 4 0 ccxstream 120 331753 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1325518 512 Jul 21 16:46:35 2012 Aug 21 03:16:10 2011 Aug 21 03:16:10 2011 Feb 18 02:04:58 2011 16384 4 0 netselect 120 424004 drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 1696620 512 Jul 21 16:46:35 2012 Aug 21 03:17:50 2011 Aug 21 03:17:50 2011 Feb 18 02:05:15 2011 16384 4 0 spread 120 424104 drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1696720 512 Jul 21 16:46:35 2012 Aug 21 03:18:04 2011 Aug 21 03:18:04 2011 Feb 18 02:05:18 2011 16384 4 0 vde2 You recognize the inode numbers here. Write down the inode numbers or store them in a temporary file. You can script this process if you like. :-) Then go out of the partition and unmount it. You are safer if you apply clri to an UNMOUNTED partition. Then, for example, do this: # clri /dev/ad0s1f 288794 # clri /dev/ad0s1f 331753 # clri /dev/ad0s1f 424004 # clri /dev/ad0s1f 424104 Note that this directly modifies file system bowels of the /usr partition! When done, apply fsck again: # fsck -yf /dev/ad0s1f Maybe fsck finds some errors in inode construction and will therefore recover lost data (which we will accept as irrelevant at this point) into the lost+found/ root directory on that partition. You can remove its content later on. If fsck finishes with success, you should be able to mount the /usr partition again. Of course, some subdirecories in the ports tree are now missing, but that has been inteneded. Side note: You can use the program fsdb to investigate inode information in detail. See man fsdb and man clri for details. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Power failure during portsnap fetch update
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 16:56:28 +0200, Leslie Jensen wrote: Here are the errors: root@bsd01~:fsck -F /dev/ad4s3f ** /dev/ad4s3f (NO WRITE) In that case, fsck won't correct any errors. Good for checking, bad for repairing! Make sure the partition isn't mounted (e. g. right after entering SUM after a boot -s system start) and run: # fsck -yf /dev/ad4s3f This will tell fsck to perform the check anyway (-f) and answer YES (-y) to all questions regarding file system modification. If you feel unhappy with this quite brutal approach, leave out the -y parameter and answer the questions yourself. The error messages you did show in the form of MISSING '.' I=5021 OWNER=root MODE=40755 SIZE=512 MTIME=Jul 21 16:13 2012 DIR=? UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY FIX? no and MISSING '..' I=2571711 OWNER=root MODE=40755 SIZE=512 MTIME=Jul 21 16:28 2012 DIR=/ports/net/netselect UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY FIX? no as well as LINK COUNT DIR I=5021 OWNER=root MODE=40755 SIZE=512 MTIME=Jul 21 16:13 2012 COUNT 1 SHOULD BE 2 LINK COUNT INCREASING UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY ADJUST? no show that the inodes of several directories have been damaged. This perfectly fits your observation of not being able to remove those directories. You _need_ to repair the file system in order to proceed. First let fsck try to do its job. If it fails to do so, attempt to manually repair the inodes (by removing them altogether). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: X server already running on display :0
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 18:24:26 +0200, Leslie Jensen wrote: I have a problem that I do not understand. At the prompt I give the command startx I get a message that /usr/local/bin/startxfce4 does not exist. This means your ~/.xinitrc contains a call to launch Xfce 4, typically the last command, prefixed by exec, in that file. It seems you don't have Xfce 4 installed. Copy the file from another system and I get X server already running on display :0 /usr/local/etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc: Can't open /usr/local/etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc: File or catalog does not exist I have not knowingly made any changes to this machine. It's not sufficient to copy just this start script (out of the Xfce 4 software package). You need to _completely_ install it, including all dependencies. You can use pkg_add -r to do this, or use the xfce metaport per make install. Any suggestions? Just install Xfce 4 in one of the usual ways. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: xdm and gdm
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 19:19:15 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: i run xdm normally. after logging it runs my $HOME/.xsession that starts things like fvwm2 i wanted to run gnome-session once, changed fvwm2 to /usr/local/bin/gnome-sessions ^ Is this a typo? According to the Handbook, /usr/local/bin/gnome-session (without trailing 's') should be executed. Source: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11-wm.html See 6.7.1.2: Installing GNOME. after loggin in it just exits. no .xsession-errors is created. no idea where to seek error messages at all. Maybe errors are reported to the 1st virtual terminal where the XDM process outputs its messages to (currently not running xdm, so I can't check). with gdm loading gnome works. Do you have gdm_enable=YES gnome_enable=YES in /etc/rc.conf, and /proc mounted, as suggested in the Handbook? Maybe gdm has some preparations that aren't found by gnome-session when started autonomously. But the Handbook says it works without GDM, so it should work either per .xinitrc (startx command) _and_ also with xdm (and therefore with wdm and others). any ideas? (except: just use gdm please) Just use... computer. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: xdm and gdm
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 20:40:44 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: after loggin in it just exits. no .xsession-errors is created. no idea where to seek error messages at all. Maybe errors are reported to the 1st virtual terminal where the XDM process outputs its messages to (currently not running xdm, so I can't check). there are imho nowhere. When I do startx, the vitrual terminal from which I issue this command will capture the messages related to X. In case of xdm, I did assume that would be ttyv0 implicitely. Do you have any data about preparations that gdm do? The Handbook mentions /proc to be mounted, but that's not related. The settings gdm_enable=YES gnome_enable=YES in /etc/rc.conf would (if I understand the mechanism correctly) correspond to scripts /usr/local/etc/rc.d/gdm /usr/local/etc/rc.d/gnome respectively. So any possibly relevant preparations should be done by those scripts. I can't check those as I haven't got Gnome installed here. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: find USB v2.0 physical ports on the computer
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 11:01:19 -0400, Fbsd8 wrote: During the boot process I get these messages. I want to find the physical USB v2.0 ports on the computer box. How can I do this? Check the documentation of your computer (mainboard). It should note where the ports are located. In systems that have _both_ USB 1.0 and 2.0, there sometimes is even a red sticker to alert you which ports are only USB 1.0. The manual of the board depicts which USB ports are those. Typical places would be rear side, internal connectors, and front ports (connected to those internal ones). If you do not have any documentation, take a USB 2.0 device (where you are _sure_ it's USB 2.0) and try it on all the ports. Check the dmesg output informing you about how the device has been initialized (e. g. transfer speed mentioned). You can also use usbconfig to obtain this information. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Help solving the sysadm's nightmare
On Thu, 19 Jul 2012 08:55:29 +0200, Erik Nørgaard wrote: Now, I have no idea which processes actually require access to those files, what privileges these processes run with and which files are actually executable or just plain files. For differentiating files' nature, use file file(s) to identify if it's an executable, a script (which _may_ or _may not_ need +x attributes), or just some random text or binary file. Regarding access to files: You could first determine which programs are installed on that server and create a testing bed for them, e. g. using jails on a separate system. Then you can use tools like lsof to see what files are accessed, and in which matter (read, read/write). At this occassion, you can also examine what files have been installed to the system by this program's installer process, and what attributes they do _properly_ have. You can find information about _what_ is installed _where_ and _how_ in the package lists of each port. You can use them to compare currently installed stuff with how it should be. Regarding the OS, there's another helpful mechanism to investigate: Check out the files /etc/mtree which can be used to automatically compare the definitions with their current (probably malformed) real counterparts. Also see man mtree for details. At this moment my project is to migrate servers with these permissions to new servers, but those who prepared the OS have maintained the permissions from the older version because it's easier than actually investigating or understanding what's going on and find a solution. *sigh* I think the most safe method would be if you install a new server from scratch, install the PROGRAMS as needed, and then first copy the DATA with _default_ permissions and check if everything works. If you see that the new system works properly, you can easily switch over from the old system. If you have successfully done it, take the box to the admin who was responsible for it and drop it onto his head, so he can recover from professionality. :-) So, how can I - determine if files are actually unix executables or just plain files (or windows executables)? As I said, file, mtree, pkg-plist. - determine which users actually need read or write access to these files? Talk to the users (or better to their superiors, or anyone who is partially able to talk about what they're doing). User access should be separated and kept inside /home. There are very few cases where this method is not sufficient. Maybe you can find such a case and prepare a _proper_ solution to deal with it. If it's about what _programs_ need to access, check their documentation and configuration files. the second is what I think is the most difficult, I need some lsof daemon to log access... I think it's quite hard to determine requirements in vivo. The more restricted your testing bed is, the more precise are your findings and therefor your answers. Have as few variables as possible. On a server actually running, using a malformed configuration and many altered settings (where you can't even properly tell _what_ has been altered!), testing will be quite hard. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck on FAT32 filesystem?
On Thu, 19 Jul 2012 16:26:57 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: agencies recover overwritten data? at http://www.nber.org/sys-admin/overwritten-data-gutmann.html at first - it should be asked can agencies recover your data without being overwritten first. Sure, because it's stored on Facebook in the Cloud. :-) Finally use geli (or similar method) ALWAYS, no matter if you have highly important data, naked girls photos or just games. Just to say NO to any government agencies that terrorize you using your own money. At least in Poland you are not required by law to provide any passwords. Encryption is legal. That depends on local legislation. As you said, it's legal in Poland, but it's not in the UK anymore, if I understood it correctly. Related article, I thought I'd share it with the list: http://falkvinge.net/2012/07/12/in-the-uk-you-will-go-to-jail-not-just-for-encryption-but-for-astronomical-noise-too/ It also contains a link to the actual law. Can all paranoid here finally put their hard drives to fire so they will heat over curie point, and then - end that offtopic? Why pollute the environment with fire? What's wrong with a good old-fashioned hammer session, executed on the disk platters? :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck on FAT32 filesystem?
On Sun, 15 Jul 2012 11:51:57 -0700, Ronald F. Guilmette wrote: In message CA+tpaK0H=L8pcSkOxxAekfy2rQV49-sWof0FDPsutb8=04b...@mail.gmail.com , Adam Vande More amvandem...@gmail.com wrote: On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 2:23 AM, Ronald F. Guilmette r...@tristatelogic.comwrote: Is there any such a tool (as fsck for FAT32) available for freeBSD? If so, where would I find it? /sbin/fsck_msdosfs Thank you. That sure sounds like it ought to do the trick. It will do its job: Check the file system's integrity. From that point, you will either have the answer that everything is okay, or you have to go into the direction of recovery. In that case, different tools need to be used. For example, make an 1:1 copy using dd (or ddrescue or dd_rescue) of the disk. Work with a copy of that copy. Do not alter the disk. Then use tools that do the job of recovery (see my list postings about that topic, they contain a good list of tools you can use on UNIX). The suggestion of SpinRite is also good, even though the program is expensive. I'm confident it's worth its money. But if you are willing to _learn_ (which means to read and to experiment), the free recovery tools available through the Ports Collection are really good. Example: I had to recover data from a USB stick that Windows had repaired, so no files could be read anymore. Getting a copy of the stick required a long time (because it was already damaged), but with the help of the free programs, I could recover _all_ files from the stick, and hand them over to a happy customer. But as I said, it may be possible that you don't have to walk the rugged streets of data recovery. :-) Suggestion: First use fsck_msdosfs without any parameters so it will ONLY CHECK the disk without altering anything (also see man fsck for -n, -v and maybe -d). Addendum: For dealing with non-standard file systems (such as FAT/msdosfs), the use of the _native tools_ seems to be the best solution in most times. In exceptions, it makes things worse. Still in most situations it just does the right thing. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck on FAT32 filesystem?
On Sun, 15 Jul 2012 23:29:39 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: totally in error. SpinRite will attempt to read a damage sector up to 2000 times and through different algorithms determine what is most man dd conv=sync,noerror Even though it doesn't use different algorithms, programs like dd_rescue and ddrescue can also change the block size upon encountering read errors, and apply several cycles of read attempts. In worst case, there will be gaps in the result. Surely SpinRite is more clever than that, using some means to extrapolate the missing data. http://www.garloff.de/kurt/linux/ddrescue/ http://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/ddrescue.html -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sun, 08 Jul 2012 23:27:23 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: You mean the non-subdivided 1.44 MB or other capacity of a floppy is called a partition? Let's try to use the correct terminology. If you're talking about an MS-DOS disk, then yes, it contains a DOS partition which is formatted. In FreeBSD, we would call it a slice (slice == DOS primary partition). In this case, there is no (sub)partitioning, the _slice_ carries the MS-DOS file system here. You know that MS-DOS does not have support for partitioning. Same question for CDs? Not sure. A CD contains an ISO-9660 file system without an enclosing partition per se. If we look back into OS history, we find the magical 'c' partition. Historically, partition letters have been reserved for specific purposes: the 'a' partition means a bootable partition, 'b' is a swap partition, and 'c' is the whole disk, refering either to the disk device (da0c == da0) or the whole slice (da0s1c == da0s1). You _can_ put a UFS file system, even many of them, on a CD, that is possible, but don't expect any Windows to be able to deal with it. :-) Also, a file system can be contained in an image file. Or is this a virtual partition? As devices and real files are quite the same, you can mount a file system that is contained in a file. You typically do this when doing data recovery and forensic analysis, where your starting point is an image file of a disk, a slice or a partition. You then connect it to a virtual node (vnconfig - e. g. md0) and then you mount it as if it was a device file. Might # tar xf /dev/da0 work in other BSDs or even other (quasi-)Unixes including Linux, using the appropriate device name where applicable in place of da0? That's quite possible. I've been speaking about tar as the most universal file system which isn't one -- I've been using it on floppies many many years ago, to transfer data among Sun Sparcstations, Linux workstations and a BSD server. It's important not to use any fancy tar features, and of course you need to know the device names corresponding to the floppy drive which differ across the systems, but it is possible to first use fdformat, then tar cf, then tar xf. This of course happened before the dawn of networking. :-) While that particular construst could probably not be booted, it is possible to boot from a floppy or image file that does not contain a file system. For bare booting, a file system isn't that essential. You just have to make sure the boot chain is properly resolved, such as for example the FreeBSD boot mechanism works. You can read more about it in man 8 boot. Some of the disk images on the System Rescue CD (sysresccd.org) are not viewable/mountable as file systems. I haven't looked into this particular one, but that is very well possible. A CD doesn't _need_ to be in a ISO-9660 format (even though it's the default data format). The _implementation_ of the boot mechanism matters: it could even select from several different boot images stored in some arbitrary (but addressable) manner on the CD. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: NTFS data recovery
On Mon, 9 Jul 2012 16:01:56 +, Graeme Dargie wrote: Hi All, I have been given a laptop to look at for a friend, the hard disk is close to death with a SMART error on POST. My initial thought was to just mount it on an Windows 7 machine and grab what I can from the drive. Bad idea. You cannot fully make sure that the disk's content isn't altered. There's no mount -o ro in Windows. Even worse, it might lead to more corruption during attempts to repair it. No joy Windows insists that the partition is RAW and I need to format it. Don't format it, it will massively decrease your chances for data recovery. Work with what you have, touch it as few as possible, use the proper tools. You won't find them on Windows. I can however mount it under FreeBSD without any problems, the directory structure appears to be intact but there are no files in the places I would expect to find them under the Users directory, I am guessing that these have somehow been deleted or perhaps the victim of a partial OEM recovery process. That's quite possible. Check df vs. du output and see if it magically fits, e. g. that the data is somewhere. Is there a way to scan the drive for deleted files from the command line or something from the ports tree that anyone can recommend to fulfil this requirement. Because it's about NTFS recovery, things are a bit complicated, but not impossible. I'd suggest to first make a copy of the disk using dd, then work with that copy. Do _NOT_ fiddle with the original disks! If dd doesn't work, try ddrescue and dd_rescue. There are programs in the sysutils/ntfsprogs port will be surely useful to dealing with the NTFS content. Then of course you'll find The Sleuth Kit very helpful. It's programs fls, dls and ils might be what you're searching for. Sadly the documentation has been moved into a web page. :-( Additionally, you may try magicrescue, recoverjpeg and foremost, maybe fatback (but I doubt it). Those are acting outside of the FS. For missing files, maybe you can find a differing MFT to check? I know there was something related in the documentation of the older versions of TSK, but as I said, that situation has disimproved. :-( Note that data recovery is a dirty job, it takes time and is therefore quite expensive if delegated to a company. In your case it means you'll have to invest MUCH TIME into getting the data back. I hope the files are worth it. The absence of a backup seems to imply the opposite. :-) Anyway, good luck! -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sat, 07 Jul 2012 17:45:17 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: Does a USB flash drive also work as a giant floppy, no partitions? Can you make a flash drive bootable when nonpartitioned and formatted that way? Yes, that's exactly what my advice was aiming to, but let's try to keep the terminology clean: You cannot do without partitions. A partition carries a file system. You _can_ do without slices. A slice holds one or more partitions. A slice is a DOS primary partition. Omitting it is called dedicated mode. There may be some circumstances where a dedicated disk doesn't boot. Personally I haven't met one, but it's still possible due to BIOSes expecting MS-DOS-alike structures. For the file system side, it's just a matter of having created one partition covering the whole disk, newfs and tunefs it, and install the boot code. Wojciech Puchar did already explain how this works and which tools are involved. However, there _is_ a way to make a giant floppy without a file system (as you said without partitions, and I'll take that literally): You can use tar, the universal file system that isn't a file system to write data to the USB stick. Writing stuff: # tar cf /dev/da0 /my/files Reading stuff: # tar xf /dev/da0 This works, but it may appear that no other system can read it. If you consider using it for FreeBSD only, no problem. The big advantage: You don't need to mount and umount the stick. I'm assume _that_ construct cannot be booted. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sun, 8 Jul 2012 09:49:30 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: Magdeburg, Germany I have used gpart to partition a USB flash drive into FreeBSD boot partition, root partition and swap partition. making swap partition on USB pendrive is at least stupid. if you won't swap at all - wasted space. If you will it would be so slow and wear USB pendrive so quickly that you certainly don't want this. bsdlabel -w device bsdabel -e device and make a partition start from 0 to end, 4.2BSD newfs it bsdlabel -B and put everything in one partition. make heavy use of tmpfs, make sure noatime is put in fstab to limit writes to pendrive. An addition: You can label the a partition (e. g. /dev/da0a) or use its UFSID in /etc/fstab, so you don't depend on the exact device name, which in turn depends on the detection order of mass storage which is hard to predict. I'd like to recommend reading for details: http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html and http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/geom-glabel.html -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sun, 8 Jul 2012 07:41:59 -0400, Carmel wrote: Perhaps, and I know that this will offend some purists, but a nice GUI that would do what your instructions detail above would be helpful. There is no way that I am going to remember all of those instructions in six months time. Just my 2¢. Why not put the commands into a text file locally? Try _that_ with a GUI. :-) I'm almost sure KDE or Gnome offer means to initialize mass storage, but because those seem to be quite Linux-centric, it's possible FreeBSD's system tools won't be utilized. So with using the commands provided by Warren, you will be fine every time. If you practice them regularly, you will remember them, and if you do so, you'll surely write a script that allows you to automate the task so you can forget the commands again. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sun, 8 Jul 2012 14:16:31 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: Perhaps, and I know that this will offend some purists, but a nice GUI not about purism but (lack of) usability. GUI interfaces never helps, only hides real things and prevent understanding anything. You maybe understand it, maybe not. Most people will not. GUI interfaces are actual a PROBLEM with today software. The main problem here is that you have no efficient way of documentation. What do you want to do? Describe pictures? And as soon as the GUI changes (e. g. different toolkit version), things may change, not look the same anymore. Also GUIs seem to be limited, especially if you want to apply options that make better use of characteristics of a flash drive (compared to a regular hard disk). A GUI disk initializer would have to take _every_ possibility into mind, everything that might be specific to the OS it runs on (as for example Linux differs from FreeBSD filesystem-wise), making things much more complicated than they need to. With few routine, tasks are performed more natural using the desired CLI tools. You don't go Now I have to remember which command to format the disk, you just format the disk, which means spaking to newfs. The more often you do it, the more obvious the tools are, and they won't change in look and feel (or options). That makes them superior. I admit that they might be confusing for people who do not want to read, learn and practice. That's okay. Those should use GUI tools and live with the (limited) set of selections they are presented. As there is no real distinction between user and administrator anymore, this is something we need to live with. That being said, CLI tools offer the easier interface to the more advanced functionality and better flexibility, which is especially useful in the discussed case: initializing a USB flash drive that might need different options than what you could default to for a regular disk drive. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sun, 08 Jul 2012 14:27:05 +0100, Bruce Cran wrote: On 08/07/2012 13:30, Polytropon wrote: With few routine, tasks are performed more natural using the desired CLI tools. You don't go Now I have to remember which command to format the disk, you just format the disk, which means spaking to newfs. The more often you do it, the more obvious the tools are, and they won't change in look and feel (or options). That makes them superior. How do you format a FAT32 partition? newfs won't work. Is it newfs_vfat, newfs_fat32, newfs_msdos etc.? And how do you specify you want FAT32 instead of FAT12 or FAT16? In such cases, you use the _proper_ CLI tools for that job. As I said, those are typically specific to the file system one wants to use, and depending on the file system design, there may be options that are individual to those tools. For every fs-related task, there is a system-level tool that does the job. With a good GUI tool like diskmgmt.msc in Windows 2008 you simply right-click the partition and click New Volume to create a new partition, or Format to format it - and then follow the prompts. And of course you cannot create UFS partitions that way. :-) I still remember the initalize disk function from the original Amiga or Atari ST graphical interfaces. They were bound to those systems and their supported file systems. Intending to have something similar (a GUI) for UNIX and Linux would be possible, but very complicated under the hood, and it would be even more complicated to make all that power utilizable to a novice user. In that specific case, reasonable defaults would have to be provided, which typically fail in edge cases. This is where you use the power of CLI. Another advantage: It's less interactive, giving you potential for automating tasks. Follow the prompts might even be too complicated for some kinds of users. :-) Of course using diskpart is faster if you know the commands and parameters, but for an ordinary user adding a new disk maybe once a year it's most likely more efficient to just use the GUI. If the GUI takes the considerations about file system and media type (and their implications) into mind -- no problem. Sadly, I don't know of a tool yet that exactly works that way. Especially in trial error scenarios the CLI is simpler in use. For example, you compose a newfs command. Then you apply it. Not happy with the result? Recall the command from the command line history, change the parameters you want, and then try again. It's surely harder to do that within a GUI. :-) On the other hand, a proper tool would efficiently visualize the content of a disk, showing how slices and partitions are laid out and what options they have. This is a real benefit in testing scenarios where you need a quick overview of the status quo. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Does FreeBSD start slices at head boundaries?
On Sat, 7 Jul 2012 11:16:33 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: Ah the FAQ http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/faq/disks.html#DANGEROUSLY-DEDICATED I don't think it's dangerous either. Thanks for your explanations. While it's far simpler. Anyway i wasn't aware it's called that way as i don't use installer As far as I know, the installer dropped dedicated mode some time ago. So if you intendedly want to use it, you need to bypass the installer and do the few simple steps using the CLI. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Does FreeBSD start slices at head boundaries?
On Sat, 7 Jul 2012 11:15:44 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: it without any problem. It _may_ be possible that some systems like Windows have trouble with this approach, what trouble? Windows doesn't probably see anything. I have _no_ idea. Systems behaving in a manner you cannot expect or predict are hard to tell in what they could do wrong on a non-standard setting (from their point of view of course). anyway i would not risk running windows with FreeBSD containing disk connected at the same time anyway. it's always risky. It maybe suggests to repair it... :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: GUI for gpart
On Sat, 7 Jul 2012 08:58:06 -0400, Carmel wrote: I have heard, although I never personally saw it, a GUI for gpart I heard that there exists one for Linux. Is there any comparable one for FreeBSD and comparable with KDE? I'd suggest to look into the PC-BSD installer and the utilities that come with that system. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Format a USB flash drive using gpart
On Sat, 7 Jul 2012 13:15:10 -0400, Carmel wrote: This is probably a dumb question, but does gpart even work on a USB flash drive? I have not been able to figure out how to do it. I want to erase the entire drive and format it for a FreeBSD UFS2 file system. In that case, screw slices and partitions 'n stuff. :-) # newfs /dev/da0 This is all you need (see man newfs and man tunefs for options you might need to optimize utilization, and check best fitting options for /etc/fstab, e. g. noatime if you are not going to need it). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Hi i want to ask a question
On Thu, 5 Jul 2012 22:00:11 +0300 (EEST), Ivan Ivanov wrote: Hi i want to ask a question about the new release of FreeBSD (9) is it posible to run this release /whit GUI/ in IBM Thinkpad 1161 217 whit this specs 500 mhz Intel Celeron processor 64mb Ram and 5gb HDD It is very well possible, but you need to pay attention to a few things: 1. You won't be able to build things from source on that machine. Consider using packages for installation, or a second system to build and export (via NFS) the data required. 2. You will have to choose wisely what you install. You can install the OS plus X, and then be very selective regarding the applications. Firefox for example may be a bit heavy as a web browser, but there are alternatives, such as dillo or lynx (in graphics mode). Also choose your work and multimedia applications wisely. There _are_ still programs in the ports collection that are very low on bloat, but you need to do some research to find them. 3. For using your applications within the GUI, choose a good window manager, e. g. FVWM or XFCE 3 (not 4!), or IceWM or Blackbox or olvwm or something comparable. You need to try which one fits your needs. Maybe a tiling window manager would be even better -- but I can't recommend one, because their magic didn't open up to my ignorant mind yet. :-) 4. Refering to no. 1, you should also aim to build a custom kernel on another machine that exactly fits the hardware that you have present in the Thinkpad. Streamline your kernel. Make it reflect the present hardware configuration. Maybe there are even some options and tunables to make it run better than the GENERIC kernel. The main limiting factor I see is the 64 MB RAM. If you have the chance, try to upgrade it. I know that's not easily possible. Note: I've been using FreeBSD 4 and 5 on a 150 MHz Pentium (1) with 64 MB (later on: 128 MB) RAM and 8 GB disk. This machine could compile the world (even though it needed 24 h to do that), fetch an ISO via FTP, play MP3 music via xmms, and still offer a well responding web browsing experience using Opera. NO JOKE. Mister Coffee was my first FreeBSD workstation. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Hi i want to ask a question
On Fri, 06 Jul 2012 04:05:36 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: On part 1, it might be possible to build things on the old machine, but only little things. It _will_ work, it just will take some time. If that isn't a major concern -- no problem. If the machine is low on RAM, there should at least be sufficient swap space. Ports tree and source tree would really pinch the hard disk space (5 GB). Using them via NFS (when needed) or as read-only source from a CD could be possible. However, I'd suggest using the NFS approach during installation time. On the described hardware, the usage paradigm should be: INSTALL ONCE, THEN KEEP USING. If updates are required, using an external compiler would be the best choice. In case you're only using precompiled packages (installs via pkg_add -r), you don't need the ports tree at all. For dealing with the system (from /usr/src), if it has to be present on disk, /usr/obj could be used via NFS on some scratch disk. There are many possibilities to get the job done. They all require some time, but it _is_ possible. On part 2, do you mean lynx or links? I think it was links that also had a GUI port. There may be other lightweight browsers (like dillo) that one could consider using. Of course none of them will utilize Flash. :-) Links can be built with graphics, there is even a DOS port, but a far cry from Firefox (try Midori?) which have no DOS ports. I think there is also w3m? I know w3m is a very nice text mode browser, I can't say if it has graphics support. Building the kernel is nowhere near as time-consuming as buildworld. True, but if you update kernel and world, both have to be processes. Otherwise, you could stay on the installed version level (e. g. 9.0) and only tweak GENERIC into something that is more efficient. But in that case, sources should not be altered. On my older computer, building a custom kernel took about 25 minutes for NetBSD, 75 minutes for FreeBSD 8.2, and 130 minutes for Gentoo Linux, and the Gentoo Linux kernel proved nonbootable. That's normal. :-) On the last part, time required to download an ISO would depend on type of connection more than CPU speed. Sure, no big CPU load. I just wanted to illustrate that this old system could do things that some modern PCs fail to do: Just imagine users complaining about skipping audio when they move windows across the screen... :-) And I still have the machine I described. Mister Coffee is currently installed with FreeBSD 8.2, expecting to be used for experimental projects as an internal file / IRC / maybe OA server. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Does FreeBSD start slices at head boundaries?
On Fri, 06 Jul 2012 19:47:27 +0200, Bas Smeelen wrote: On 07/06/2012 07:28 PM, Robert Huff wrote: Ryan Coleman writes: Anyway just don't make slices at all if your disk is dedicated to FreeBSD Except for swap, right? Why do you say that? Robert huff I think Ryan means partition and not slice? I would not recommend no slices at all, It's deprecated to use dangerously dedicated disks First of all, it's dedicated disks, there's nothing dangerous related. :-) If you are using the MBR approach (old way), you can do either creating a DOS primary partition, a slice, which then will contain your partitions: a swap partition and one or more UFS partitions. So you have ad0s1a, ad0s1b and so on. When you omit the slice and create the partitions on the bare disk, you have a dedicated layout. FreeBSD will run with it without any problem. It _may_ be possible that some systems like Windows have trouble with this approach, but if you're going to use FreeBSD only on that disk, there is no danger, no problem. You have ad0a, ad0b and so on. If you are using the GPT approach (new way), you create partitions using a different tool set, setting them to be a file system or a swap partition. You end up in ad0p1, ad0p2 and so on. Note that those aren't DOS primary partitions anymore, outdated systems may not properly recognize them. If you label your partitions (you can do that with both approaches), you don't need to deal with device names at all. Starting with 9 I don't see slices in mount ouput anymore but still there are FreeBSD partitions in slices (which is a partitions in dos terms) Example / is now disk0p1 it used to be disk0s1a Correct, this relation can be constructed. To OP: If you omit the slice and just create two partitions (one for FS and one for swap), FreeBSD will use this fine. Just make sure to set the boot parameters properly. Or simply use the GPT-related tools, so you don't have to deal with the question at all. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Does FreeBSD start slices at head boundaries?
On Fri, 6 Jul 2012 11:58:03 -0700, Eitan Adler wrote: On 6 July 2012 11:44, Rick Miller vmil...@hostileadmin.com wrote: Thanks for this explanation. Is there any performance advantage to using a dedicated disk layout over the old way of creating a slice and having your partitions within it? Slices isn't the old way. Compared to the new and modern GPT, it is. :-) However, if you keep using the old way, it will still be supported and will not confuse either BIOSes or other systems that are maybe installed on your machine. There is no perf advantage for dedicated disks. Maybe you get a few kb of extra space. I'm also not aware of any performance issues. Don't do it. http://www.unixguide.net/freebsd/faq/09.03.shtml According to the article, there are some BIOSes that don't seem to like disks not containing a DOS primary partition to start their boot chain. While this may be true, I have never experienced it. For maximum security, you can use the old approach of using fdisk + disklabel (creating slice, creating partitions within slice). This also delivers most compatibility for other systems, if it should be needed, e. g. in a multiboot environment. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Understanding XDM
On Tue, 3 Jul 2012 23:27:21 -0700 (PDT), sw2wolf wrote: I am using slim to login which can choose Window Manager by pressing F1 key. Can XDM choose Window Manager when loginning ? No, xdm cannot do this. But as far as I remember, wdm can -- it has some look feel of the original CDE display manager and it designed to work well with WindowMaker, but it's a very nice replacement for xdm if you need that specific functionality. It's quite lightweight (compared to gdm or kdm) and easily configurable. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Understanding XDM
On Wed, 4 Jul 2012 10:40:05 +0200, uki wrote: 2012/7/4 Polytropon free...@edvax.de: On Tue, 3 Jul 2012 23:27:21 -0700 (PDT), sw2wolf wrote: I am using slim to login which can choose Window Manager by pressing F1 key. Can XDM choose Window Manager when loginning ? No, xdm cannot do this. But as far as I remember, wdm can -- it has some look feel of the original CDE display manager and it designed to work well with WindowMaker, but it's a very nice replacement for xdm if you need that specific functionality. It's quite lightweight (compared to gdm or kdm) and easily configurable. xdm is very simple, it just logs you in and runs a shell script. with default settings the shell script just executes your ~/.xinitrc I always thouzght startx (so xinit) executes ~/.xinitrc, and xdm executes ~/.xession. In fact, I have a cascade for this, so I can use whatever I want. This is .xsession: #!/bin/csh source ~/.cshrc exec ~/.xinitrc It does simply obtain the settings for the dialog shell (in this case, the C shell, the system's default dialog shell) and continues executing as .xinitrc, just as if it had been called vial startx (so xinit command). And .xinitrc contains the usual stuff, ending in calling the window manager desired: #!/bin/sh [ -f ~/.xmodmaprc ] xmodmap ~/.xmodmaprc # ... other stuff ... xsetroot -solid rgb:3b/4c/7a xset b 100 1000 15 xset r rate 250 30 xset s off xset -dpms exec wmaker This of course does not taking into account _changing_ the window manager while logging in! here is an example how to add shutdown button to xdm http://neilt.org/computing/xdmshutdownbutton.php you can use it as an example to hack your own 'change wm' feature, or just use some xdm replacement that has that. Interesting extension, thanks! -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: WITHOUT_MODULES in /etc/make.conf doesn't work
On Tue, 03 Jul 2012 04:54:05 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: from Polytropon free...@edvax.de: On Mon, 02 Jul 2012 22:59:44 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: How does one, when building the kernel, prevent building one or more modules? Use the new means of /etc/src.conf (see man src.conf for details) to prevent the building of modules. I looked through man make.conf and man src.conf and couldn't find what you mean by the new means of /etc/src.conf . I saw references to WITHOUT_MODULES in man make.conf but not man src.conf. Yes, /etc/src.conf uses WITHOUT_* on a per-module basis, so you need to explicitely name the modules not to build. But you're right, there's only WITHOUT_USB (for not building the USB-related parts), so going with kernel configuration would be a good point to start -- the more precise you can define your test setting and its variables, the better you can diagnose the problem. In /etc/make.conf, you could use MODULES_OVERRIDE to define the set of modules you want (because only _those_ will then be build) and keeping their functionality out of the kernel. In this case, you have control over your test setting using the modules. The same files offers NO_MODULES=yes to avoid building modules at all (use custom kernel instead). If you decide to use WITHOUT_MODULES, you can define the set of modules you want to avoid building, everything else will be built. Would WITHOUT_MODULES= ulpt work better in /etc/src.conf than in /etc/make.conf ? No, /etc/src.conf as (according to its manpage) a defined set of variables that will be considered when building (or _not_ building) certain modules. Besides the toxic (?) ulpt.ko, there are a lot of modules that would never be used on my hardware, and other modules that could be built in the kernel as non-modules (such as support for msdosfs and ext2fs, which I don't want to be without). That's a good setting for using a custom kernel and not even building the modules for the non-used functionalities. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: WITHOUT_MODULES in /etc/make.conf doesn't work
On Mon, 02 Jul 2012 22:59:44 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: How does one, when building the kernel, prevent building one or more modules? Use the new means of /etc/src.conf (see man src.conf for details) to prevent the building of modules. I have WITHOUT_MODULES= ulpt in /etc/make.conf but ulpt.ko always appears in /boot/kernel directory. For now, I want to build all modules except for this one, but perhaps I could keep everything in kernel config and not build modules. Also a possibility - for best control case, combine both, e. g. a custom kernel that only includes what you explicitely specity, and src.conf to avoid building of modules you're intendedly not going to need. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: video buffer location
On Fri, 29 Jun 2012 15:13:27 +0200, Harald Weis wrote: In contrast to firefox, there is no decent video download helper for opera. Oh, there _is_, even though it's not integrated in Opera. :-) For YouTube, check out the port youtube-dl. For most of everything else, see http://github.com/monsieurvideo/get-flash-videos for details. HOWTO find the video buffer location if it is not /tmp ? I would assume there's some temporary storage either in ~/.opera or ~/.macromedia (for the Flash plugin). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: OT: Linux EXT4 dump/restore equivalent?
On Thu, 28 Jun 2012 20:59:57 +0100, Vincent Hoffman wrote: We use dump to backup ext4 filesystems on linux (Centos6) at work From the linux dump changelog Changes between versions 0.4b41 and 0.4b42 (released June 18, 2009) === 18. Add (preliminary) ext4 support - thanks to libext2fs which does all the job for us. Thanks to Gertjan van Wingerde gwingerde [at] gmail for the patch. Without even trying to start a flamewar, allow me to ask this question: Do they _really_ use file systems over there at Linux land without having an up-to-date dump/restore mechanism for that file systems? I can hardly believe that... Without wishing to bash Linux (I wouldnt be in my job without it,) its man pages are really not very up to date, as the manpage for dump fails to mention this. That's sadly normal. I found the attitude toward documentation in Linux being different from what you would call standard in the rest of UNIX world. Man pages are often out of date (if they ever exist), and pieces of documentation is scattered across the the web, in user pages, wikis, and discussion forums. The concept behind this seems to be: Nobody reads man pages, so we don't write them. I havent used slackware in many years but it used to be my distro of choice until I moved to FreeBSD. Was my first PC Linux, too. :-) On 28/06/2012 20:02, Chris Maness wrote: Is there an equivalent dump/restore ap for a Linux ext4 file system? I am running the latest Slackware, and I would like to make backups like I do for my FreeBSD box. Have you tried the original tools provided by the OS? Do they perform as intended? Maybe do some testing and see if they are sufficient for dealing with ext4. That would be my first impression: Use what's there and see if it works, as it _should_ work (given fundamental UNIX basics). (Sorry, my Linux knowledge is a bit outdated as I don't use it anymore on a regular basis.) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fetch error
On Mon, 25 Jun 2012 16:16:47 -0400, Fbsd8 wrote: I think I messed up the fetch setting in the envelope. Running 9.0 and get this console msg. env: usr/bin/fetch: No such file or directory When I enter env command to show all values I see nothing about fetch. The env command is often used as a bridge to explicitely call commands where the actual location is not known or cannot be predicted, e. g. #!/usr/bin/env bash at the start of a bash script instead of #!/bin/bash Linuxism or when statically linked, as opposed to #!/usr/local/bin/bash default location on FreeBSD. In what operation do you receive the message? Maybe some typo in a shell script or Makefile? Examine closely: env: usr/bin/fetch: No such file or directory ^ The leading / is missing, because usr/bin/fetch would only exist when $CWD is /, otherwise not; /usr/bin/fetch should be correct. % which fetch /usr/bin/fetch ^ Here the correct path is provided. Maybe you ran into some script that calls fetch the bridge way improperly? Test: % env usr/bin/fetch env: usr/bin/fetch: No such file or directory And now properly: % env /usr/bin/fetch usage: fetch [-146AadFlMmnPpqRrsUv] It seems that env is used here to set environment and execute command; see man env for details. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: files need
On Mon, 25 Jun 2012 21:53:37 -0700, j wrote: I am a newbie to linux and unix. I want to install freebsd 8.3 and want to know what files I need to download. You can find all required information on FreeBSD's website, http://www.freebsd.org/ I recommend checking The FreeBSD Handbook regarding installation. What files to obtain is also covered in that section (because it depends on e. g. what architecture you want to use it, what kind of media you need and how you want to download it). For example, here you'll find the installation media: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/ISO-IMAGES/8.3/ -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Building 9.0 failure
On Sun, 24 Jun 2012 15:48:05 -0400 (EDT), Chuck Bacon wrote: Running 9.0 on host, bsdinstall from CD or ftp. Fatal message: Error while extracting base.txz: Can't set user=0/group=0 for /var/empty Can't update time for /var/empty Looks like file flags (noschg). See if you can apply chflags noschg for that directory and maybe try again? Should be something like this (on 8.2-STABLE/i386 here): % ll -do /var/empty dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel schg 512 2012-05-27 06:15:34 /var/empty/ Probably noschg? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Understanding XDM
On Sun, 24 Jun 2012 22:19:54 +0200, Christian Graulund wrote: Hello Guys, I just install FreeBSD 9, and after compiling Xorg, I started trying to figure out how to install a Window Manager. When Following the handbook, I suggest installing XDM. I want to use something like Openbox, as my window manager, and I can't figure out if Openbox is a replacement for XDM, or something on top of XDM. Not quite. XDM is the X display manager, a GUI replacement for the login mechanism. It initiates the X session for the user and loads his startup file, which calls the desired window manager. I now there are alternative to XDM directly like LightDM ect., but the same questions applies to them. Yes, there are other X display managers like KDM, GDM or WDM. They are designed to work with a specific environment (KDE, Gnome, WindowMaker in this example), but they can be used independently. So what is the function of XDM (or alternatives), and is it necessary to have to run a WM, or DE for that sake? No, it's not neccessary. You can still perform the login the traditional way (text mode console) and then call startx to initiate your X session with the window manager or desktop environment you want. See man xdm for details. Also see your ~/.xinitrc and ~/.xsession files for controlling what to do _after_ successful login, in your example to exec openbox as the last step. Sidenote: I've been using both XDM and WDM with WindowMaker and XFCE (not Xfce -- XFCE means version 3, Xfce means version 4). Works great. I prefer XDM, most secure and easy to use. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: backup tools
On Sat, 23 Jun 2012 09:49:39 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: Maybe take a look at lftp, at the mirror option. For basic demands its a compact solution. try doing backup of things with 1 dirs and million files and certainly you will understand you need rsync. In addition to rsync, which is regarded the default tool for the described action, maybe cpdup is worth looking at. It also has the ability to maintain incremental backups (add changes). ftp protocol is plain bad for that. And insecure unless tunneled through some encryption (which might be important when backups appear inside a network with non-trusted participants, or across the Internet). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck_ufs running too often
On Sat, 23 Jun 2012 12:57:01 +0200, Julian H. Stacey wrote: My suggestion: Set background_fsck=YES in /etc/rc.conf and let the system boot up that way. _If_ you have a faulty disk or other data corruption, you'll notice this _before_ going multi-user and maybe making things worse. Yes, it might take some time, but it's time well invested in your data integrity. Alternative: Perform a shutdown now and go into single-user mode. Then unmount all your file systems, do mount -o ro / and then perform the fsck run on all file systems. It's typically adviced to perform file system checks on unmounted (or at least read-only mounted) file systems. man fsck: - Note that background fsck is limited to checking for only the most commonly occurring file system abnormalities. Under certain circumstances, some errors can escape background fsck. It is recommended that you perform foreground fsck on your systems periodically and whenever you encounter file-system-related pan- ics. --- So do a manual fsck to make sure there's no residual faults lurking. Sorry, my own stupidity. Of course I wanted to say: My suggestion: Set background_fsck=NO in /etc/rc.conf and [...] ^^ A fsck at boot time might take longer, but will make sure that the startup of the system is performed on clean file systems. One may argue: But it takes time! My response: Is your data valuable? Then you have this time, in worst case. In ultra-worst case, you have backups. :-) Realise fsck wont start if it thinks its clean, (but might not be clean) so Boot single user type fsck or fsck -y You can force a fsck run by using fsck -f; from the manual: Force checking of file systems, even when they are marked clean (for file systems that support this). This could also be done regularly on a scheduled (!) basis if there's the suspection of silent corruption - but in such cases, better spot the faulty hardware and replace it (bad disks, bad power supply, bad PSU and the like). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: How can i disable cups, docbook, gutenprint and other ports?
On Fri, 22 Jun 2012 20:56:59 +0200, lokada...@gmx.de wrote: Hi all, How can i disable cups, docbook and other ports from compiling after port update? I have no printer and no use of cups or docbook. If you don't mind the _time_ required for building those ports (and taking into mind that the disk space occupied doesn't even matter as disks are big and cheap today), you don't have to _enable_ CUPS if you're actually _not_ using it. That would be disabling them. :-) Sadly, there's no really comfortable way of not _building_ them as they are (almost hardcoded!) dependencies for other ports you might be using. There are some config screens (see make config and make config-recursive or portmaster's --force-config option) where you _might_ have the chance to de-select some of those ports so they won't build. But as I said, that depends on the primary ports you're using and their dependencies. You know, by accident, you could even install LaTeX (teTeX) as a dependency! :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck_ufs running too often
On Fri, 22 Jun 2012 14:56:39 -0700 (PDT), Leonardo M. Ramé wrote: Hi, since a few of days ago, I noticed my home server turns very slow more than once a day, so every time I run top to see what's processes are running, I can see fsck_ufs at the very top, and the hard drive working like mad. It seems you have background_fsck=YES enabled in /etc/rc.conf. Is this desired? If not, set it to =NO to perform a file system check prior to going multi-user. That would take several minutes, but it makes sure the system boots up into a properly checked and mounted environment. I've checked my crontab and there's nothing related to fsck_ufs, where can I start searching for the cause of the problem?, Check /etc/rc.conf (see man rc.conf and /etc/defaults/rc.conf), look for the background_fsck setting. I thought this process should run only at boot or shutdown, At shutdown? I'd say at boot. In fact, a background file system check actually starts at boot, but runs during and after boot-up, that's what you're obviously noticing as high I/O load. but this time it is running -apparently- without a cause. No. The fsck run doesn't start without a cause. The cause is: the filesystem about to be mounted is dirty (contains defects because it wasn't properly unmounted). What the reason for _this_ observation is... check if your server accidentally got powered off (e. g. bad power line). You can check the timestamps in various log files (most prominent example is /var/log/messages) to see when your system started. If you notice the system started too often, maybe fsck was not able to successfully finish (and repair!) the file systems, so it will do so on every start of the system. My suggestion: Set background_fsck=YES in /etc/rc.conf and let the system boot up that way. _If_ you have a faulty disk or other data corruption, you'll notice this _before_ going multi-user and maybe making things worse. Yes, it might take some time, but it's time well invested in your data integrity. Alternative: Perform a shutdown now and go into single-user mode. Then unmount all your file systems, do mount -o ro / and then perform the fsck run on all file systems. It's typically adviced to perform file system checks on unmounted (or at least read-only mounted) file systems. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New to FreeBSD - Some questions
', this means to rebuild all installed ports which doesn't include base, I assume? No. make world means to build and install all components of the operating system (but not the kernel). See /usr/src/Makefile, the comment header, where the most common make targets are explained. Basically: make world = make buildworld + make installworld make kernel = make buildkernel + make installkernel Also note that a specific order is important here. q) The files in /etc/rc.d are all executable, from my understanding, those files will get executed and it is their duty to check the variable `rc-script-name_enable' for whether they should start or not. Wouldn't it be more efficient to chmod -x or +x them to disable/enable? I don't think so. Settings are centralized in a control file, even if it just consists of setting variables. So everything is in one place. q) What is analogous to /etc/rc.local from Linux-based systems? It's /etc/rc.conf and maybe /etc/rc.conf.local. See man rc.conf as well as /etc/defaults/rc.conf for details. q) Is there something analogous to the Linux magic sysrq key? I don't think so. FreeBSD isn't about magic, it's about power, the power to serve. =^_^= I must say, the ports collection being built on makefiles was a welcome enlightenment, it just, naturally, made sense. The *-recursive make targets are a blessing, especially for configs. True. If you want to make the work with ports more easy, use a port management tool. For example portmaster (considered the best one), but there's also portupgrade and portmanager, as well as helpful tools in bsd-admin-scripts (also a port). q) Is there a tool that can test a set of mirrors for connection time and speed (for packages and ports)? Analogous to Archlinux's rankmirrors? I'm not sure, but it can easily be implemented. :-) q) Is it possible for the pkg_* tools (especially pkg_add -r) to display progress? Maybe the -v option? :-) No, there is no real progess indicator, especially not an overall indicator (regarding dependency traversal), as far as I know. q) I noticed in the ports collection that there were some outdated packages (skype-2.2, gimp-2.6), should I report that and where? (A PR?) _If_ they are in ports, they still work, so why get rid of them? Only ports that do not work anymore, aren't maintained or cannot be fetched anymore (no distfile mirrors) will be removed. There are also some versioning: portname is the current version, portnamen is the older version n which still works, and portname-devel is the development version with bleeding edge features. q) Is it possible to have the ports system compile into an mfs (to avoid disk access)? Yes, there is a variable to control it. See man 7 ports and maybe /etc/make.conf. I have to admit that I forgot it currently. $WORKDIR? $WRKPREFIX? q) Is it possible to have the user asked to change their password the first time they log in (using an OTP) in a simple way? I looked at OPIE but it seems to be much more complex than what I need. I think this is possible. Maybe see man passwd and man adduser for this step. Also, I would like to have a system where user home directories are encrypted based-on and using the user's password. From what I could find, gbde and geli don't really provide that without any administrator intervention. Correct, they work on system level, not directly on user level. q) What should I be looking at to achieve the above? You can generally encrypt the /home partition (implying that this is a separate partition or whole disk), and using per-user userland tools to deal with (typically changing!) passwords. I'm leaving out the ZFS questions as those have been already very nicelyn answered, and my ZFS knowledge is already too old. It's still from Solaris. :-) q) I would like to hear anyone's recommendation of a cheap, low-power ready-made hardware for such a purpose which is supported by FreeBSD. Everything that contains standard-compliant components will do. Dell servers are known to work very well. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: New to FreeBSD - Some questions
On Thu, 21 Jun 2012 19:14:54 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: the experimental development branch -HEAD, it _might_ happen that the system doesn't even compile, but updated 30 minutes after that accident, it runs fine again. :-) And finally unless doing tests or using private not-really-important computer, don't just install newest FreeBSD because it's out. I - and lot of others - still use 8.* for production while 9.* is out already for some time. For home desktops, usually -STABLE is a good solution. Server maintainers tend to use -RELEASE-pX (which also makes binary updates easier). q) I would assume UFS with J+SU is fast enough for a laptop? I think so. For a laptop, you _might_ consider adding encryption. Just in case. You never know. for a server - you MUST do this :) It's worth mentioning that it's not good practice to have a keyfile-based decryption which is unlocked by a USB stick permanently sticking in the server. Security is nearly zero in such a constellation. Passphrase-based decryption is good as long as you have physical access to the server and only you (and maybe those you trust) have a secure (!!!) password which needs to be entered manually at system startup to unlock the /home drive or partition. q) The second laptop has an SSD, would UFS with/without J and with/without SU or ZFS make more sense for it? There are several parameters that you can tweak (see man tunefs), I would suggest a single partition spanning the whole SSD, and journaling would not be contraproductive. s/would not/would/ i assume this as mistake. do not journal on SSD. it increases amount of writes, and fsck is quick anyway. Good you spotted it - of course there is no need for journaling in this case (too much writes, no real benefit). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Thu, 21 Jun 2012 12:33:40 -0500, Mark Felder wrote: Google GPLv3 court case. There are no applicable results. Until a Judge decides what the license truly means everyone using it is at risk. As you've already been told it's not English it's Law I assume that there's not just one case neccessary (to be carried out to the end): What about countries with different jurisdiction? For example, Germany doesn't have precedence law as it is very famous in the USA. Given basically the same situations, two judges can decide differently. Cases only have effect on the parties who fight there - except very few cases where decisions get promoted to level of law, it doesn't mean anything to others. And that's just within Germany. How about different countries? Does a case (e. g. M. S. Bob vs. R. M. Stallman) have any effect outside the USA? I am not a lawyer, but because I have some legal knowledge I know for sure that what's written in the law and how law is practiced in reality does very much differ, in unpredictable and volatile. So I don't make any claims here. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD 8.2 Add second hard drive multi-boot
On Thu, 21 Jun 2012 09:59:19 -0700 (PDT), leeoliveshackelf...@surewest.net wrote: Although the FreeBSD operating system seems to see the second hard drive, it does not mount it upon startup. FreeBSD won't mount anything until explicitely told so. Check the output of dmesg (e. g. dmesg | grep ^ad or dmesg | grep ^da) for the drive designation and issue the command yourself. If everything works, you can add an entry to /etc/fstab to make it mount on startup, e. g. # device target type options d p # -- - - - /dev/ad1s1 /xp/system ntfs ro,noauto 0 0 /dev/ad1s2 /xp/data ntfs ro,noauto 0 0 It might be worth applying other options like -M (mask) to have the missing attributes and misinterpretation as executables of NTFS file systems corrects. See the manual for details. It does not appear in the fstab file. This file is not generated automatically. It's an entirely user serviceable part of the OS. I attempted to mount it manually using the mount command, without success, just to see if any of the data files could be read. Can you show the mount command? I think it will be something like # mount_ntfs -o ro /dev/ad1s1 /mnt If you need write access, ntfs3g / FUSE would be a good tool. Also see the port ntfsprogs which contains useful tools for dealing with NTFS. I ran fsidk -B on the zeroeth sector of the second hard drive, but that did not seem to help. You need to apply boot0cfg to install the initial boot blocks. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Wed, 20 Jun 2012 22:06:31 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: I have some friends that develop software. They had released it under GNU umbrella. Later on, other folks were taking advantage and not isn't it that once you release your own work as GPL you don't really own this and even you cannot use it in closed source software? Releasing something as GPL does not mean you give up copyright. If I understood this whole thing correctly, _you_ (as the creator) can still use the source that you've just released to the public (under the GPL rules) and create derivates from it, continue development internally into a different direction and also use it in a commercial way as closed-source. _Others_ can not do so. The act of releasing is, as far as I know, tied to a specific version of the source tree - the point from which others can see, download, use and modify the source counts. If I understand the GPL correctly, from that point (i. e. when contributions have taken place) you cannot turn the result into closed source. However, with your own work, you can. Maybe some lawyer intellectual property copyright expert can be more precise and elaborate. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Wed, 20 Jun 2012 23:57:17 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: from what i know (still, possibly incorrent) if i am hired as a programmer and write a program, this program belong to the company and i couldn't use it everywhere at least officially. That is highly debatable and mostly subject to the content of your programmer's contract. In most cases, one would assume that by receiving a payment, you give the rights of creator to that company. But it doesn't neccessarily have to be the case! Imagine a photographer who takes photos of you, e. g. for a new passport. You pay the photographer for the developed (today: printed) photos you receive, for example 4 or 6 pieces. You do _not_ obtain the right regarding the image by that payment. The photographer (as the creator of the image) still owns it. You can buy it separately. (At least this is the case here in Germany according to the law.) To translate this to a programmer's job: You're being paid to write a program for a customer. You deliver the program. That's what you are paid for. Still the source code is yours (as _you_ are the creator, no matter who you sold a copy to). So I would assume that you can still use the program for further projects that run independently from that customer. EXCEPT - of course, there is a contract specifying otherwise. So - if authors of any project, no matter how numerous, will all without exception agree that they want to get rid of GPL, then - they always can turn it to BSD licenced ? am i right? A general consensus of the issuers of the license (continuous licensing) could maybe do that, I assume. Still there would be the possibility to create a fork (common means in open source when something needs to be changed that doesn't go well with mainstream), and that fork could keep the old license. Now there are two independent projects. BUT - as everyone is free to obtain, modify and re-issue GPL source code, I'm not sure such a consensus could be reached. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Thu, 21 Jun 2012 00:25:22 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: You're being paid to write a program for a customer. You i don't talk that case, but if i am hired to write some part of program as an employer in software company. Sorry, I misread the situation. In this case I assume that any half-baked employer will have a specific clause in the contract that will cause that all your creations will be attributed to the employer immediately, the wage being an act of selling your intellectual property (if this term applies here, not sure, it's widely stressed) to the employer who becomes the new owner and creator on behalf. It's also possible that similar content can be present in a contract between client and customer (just like between employer and employee). I highly assume that if such a clause is _not_ present, the natural and normal interpretation appears, i. e. you are the creator, copyright is yours. Even if it sounds strange, it still can apply in an employment setting. But as I said, contracts and local law may have some regulations that applies. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Tue, 19 Jun 2012 19:54:45 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: anyway - can someone point me an article about explaining in human language (contrary to lawyer language) why GPLv3 is more limiting in reality over v2 . Does GPLv3 does force programs you compile with gcc to be GPLed? As far as I know, the main difference is that the GPLv3 is often called a viral license. Software linking against v3 libraries and so maybe programs compiled by a v3 compiler will have - according to the license - to be released as v3 too. Code that is v3 once cannot become something different (either v2, BSDL or closed). GPLv2 does have fewer restrictions, emphasizing the freedom of the developer: It's not okay to turn v2 programs into closed source. However, it is okay to make derivates from it as long as the derivates are also published (contributed back). GPLv3 also has this requirement. GPL protects the freedom of the programmer who licensed his code under those licenses: He wants it to be free for use, but not to be turned into closed source products. A programmer who does not want to raise this barrier will typically use the BSD license which is more free. BSDL in opposite is often criticized a rape me license. It explicitely (!) allows creating derivates in a closed source manner. This means that parts of BSD licensed code can be a key component in a proprietary closed source product that is for sale (e. g. a firewall appliance), and nobody will find out about that fact. WP has a nice comparison: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_free_and_open_source_software_licenses http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License All those licenses do _not_ allow to steal copyright! -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Why Clang
On Tue, 19 Jun 2012 22:06:49 +0200 (CEST), Anonymous Remailer (austria) wrote: GPL protects the freedom of the programmer who licensed his code under those licenses: He wants it to be free for use, but not to be turned into closed source products. What a lying sonofabitch. By insulting you think your arguments get any better? Sorry, it's not the case. That is not called freedom. That is called forcible, viral open source. That's what I initially called viral license (or which, to be precise, is a phrase someone else invented, and which I just repeated). A developer is always the key person to decide what he will do with his source code. Giving it for free WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS is a very generous act. (Note that this act does not mean he gives up copyright, the attribution that _he_ was the creator of the code!) If a developer wants to donate his work to the public, but does not want others to make money with his work, he will probably choose the GPL to release the source code. Others are allowed to modify it, to create derivate works and even use it in their products, as long as the requirement (which you may validly see as a restriction!) of contribution back is met. A much more strict requirement seems to be in the GPLv3 which limits those who take the open source. The aspect of being viral includes that the source will not be turned into closed source. The most negative effect is that GPLv3 licensed components may have side effects of non-GLPv3 licensed code. This is something worth seeing critically. I think we can all see the difference. Open your motherfucking eyes, communist goofball... All those insults fly back to you and therefore apply to you. It makes all your argumentation (which may be valid) futile. In fact, that kind of acting is a typical means of communist dictatures - using insulting language to actually avoid any discussion and instead strengthen the means of oppression! You should learn some history. And maybe calm down, as the hatred you're spreading is really unpleasant. A programmer who does not want to raise this barrier will typically use the BSD license which is more free. No, it's just plain free. Among the many licenses, the BSD license seems to be the most free license (or, the only free license, which is a valid point of view), as it explicitely allows things that the GPL does not. Of course, there are different interpretations if this is a good or a bad thing. For a system like FreeBSD that wants to offer a free system (in the widest sense), GPLv3 system components (such as compilers) could be a no-go. BSDL in opposite is often criticized a rape me license. No, it is not, except perhaps by lying atheist Marxist bastards and his religious adherents. By no, except you have actually agreed that the statement is true, even if you tried to deny it. Again, please try to have some culture in discussion. Maybe you should also read Marx. :-) It explicitely (!) allows creating derivates in a closed source manner. This means that parts of BSD licensed code can be a key component in a proprietary closed source product that is for sale (e. g. a firewall appliance), and nobody will find out about that fact. Now you got it! GPL is about forcing people to do what /you/ want and BSD is about letting them do what /they/ want. Licensing is about choosing - a main criteria of a free society. A developer is free to even keep his sources closed, to release them as GPL v2 or v3, or as BSDL (or choose from other licenses, or even write his own). In the next step, licenses have impact on how sources can be used. As I did explain, GPLv3 code may be problematic in this regards in certain environments. It may perfectly fit in others. As long as there's an agreement of the users of such source to accept the license, it's okay. What's _not_ okay is when the license forces you to do something you don't want to do, or simply can't do. Let's see if you can guess which one of those licenses is about freedom. Hint: freedom is not defined as forcing people to do what you want. If people don't do what I want, they're limiting my freedom. :-) Seriously, you should pay more attention to what I wrote. Even though English is not my native language, I try to be as precise as possible, and if I can't do that (because a lack of knowledge, because of assumptions or deduction), I make clear that it is not the case. Hint: Read carefully: I think, as far as I know or similar formulas are an indicator. Finally: Insulting me is not a way to go. It shows that you don't value the freedom of speech. Of course you are free to say whatever you want. But as soon as you insult people and limit their freedom, maybe even their right (moral right, not law) to have a polite and normal discussion on this list, you're not any better than the communists you hate that much. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe
Re: Why Clang
On Wed, 20 Jun 2012 01:09:11 +0400, Евгений Лактанов wrote: 20.06.2012 00:50, Polytropon пишет: On Tue, 19 Jun 2012 22:06:49 +0200 (CEST), Anonymous Remailer (austria) wrote: GPL protects the freedom of the programmer who licensed his code under those licenses: He wants it to be free for use, but not to be turned into closed source products. What a lying sonofabitch. By insulting you think your arguments get any better? Sorry, it's not the case. That is not called freedom. That is called forcible, viral open source. That's what I initially called viral license (or which, to be precise, is a phrase someone else invented, and which I just repeated). A developer is always the key person to decide what he will do with his source code. Giving it for free WITH NO SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS is a very generous act. (Note that this act does not mean he gives up copyright, the attribution that _he_ was the creator of the code!) If a developer wants to donate his work to the public, but does not want others to make money with his work, he will probably choose the GPL to release the source code. Others are allowed to modify it, to create derivate works and even use it in their products, as long as the requirement (which you may validly see as a restriction!) of contribution back is met. A much more strict requirement seems to be in the GPLv3 which limits those who take the open source. The aspect of being viral includes that the source will not be turned into closed source. The most negative effect is that GPLv3 licensed components may have side effects of non-GLPv3 licensed code. This is something worth seeing critically. I think we can all see the difference. Open your motherfucking eyes, communist goofball... All those insults fly back to you and therefore apply to you. It makes all your argumentation (which may be valid) futile. In fact, that kind of acting is a typical means of communist dictatures - using insulting language to actually avoid any discussion and instead strengthen the means of oppression! You should learn some history. And maybe calm down, as the hatred you're spreading is really unpleasant. A programmer who does not want to raise this barrier will typically use the BSD license which is more free. No, it's just plain free. Among the many licenses, the BSD license seems to be the most free license (or, the only free license, which is a valid point of view), as it explicitely allows things that the GPL does not. Of course, there are different interpretations if this is a good or a bad thing. For a system like FreeBSD that wants to offer a free system (in the widest sense), GPLv3 system components (such as compilers) could be a no-go. BSDL in opposite is often criticized a rape me license. No, it is not, except perhaps by lying atheist Marxist bastards and his religious adherents. By no, except you have actually agreed that the statement is true, even if you tried to deny it. Again, please try to have some culture in discussion. Maybe you should also read Marx. :-) It explicitely (!) allows creating derivates in a closed source manner. This means that parts of BSD licensed code can be a key component in a proprietary closed source product that is for sale (e. g. a firewall appliance), and nobody will find out about that fact. Now you got it! GPL is about forcing people to do what /you/ want and BSD is about letting them do what /they/ want. Licensing is about choosing - a main criteria of a free society. A developer is free to even keep his sources closed, to release them as GPL v2 or v3, or as BSDL (or choose from other licenses, or even write his own). In the next step, licenses have impact on how sources can be used. As I did explain, GPLv3 code may be problematic in this regards in certain environments. It may perfectly fit in others. As long as there's an agreement of the users of such source to accept the license, it's okay. What's _not_ okay is when the license forces you to do something you don't want to do, or simply can't do. Let's see if you can guess which one of those licenses is about freedom. Hint: freedom is not defined as forcing people to do what you want. If people don't do what I want, they're limiting my freedom. :-) Seriously, you should pay more attention to what I wrote. Even though English is not my native language, I try to be as precise as possible, and if I can't do that (because a lack of knowledge, because of assumptions or deduction), I make clear that it is not the case. Hint: Read carefully: I think, as far as I know or similar formulas are an indicator. Finally: Insulting me is not a way to go. It shows that you don't value the freedom of speech. Of course you are free to say whatever you want. But as soon as you insult people and limit
Re: `ls -l` shows size of file other than of the folder?
On Thu, 14 Jun 2012 08:40:27 +0100, Matthew Seaman wrote: On 14/06/2012 07:11, Polytropon wrote: Even school taught that in the 80's: When dealing with computers, 1 kB != 1000 B, but 1 kB = 1024 B. That is considered basic knowledge. Schools teach a lot of things that are so glossed over or so over-simplified as to be basically wrong. They have been known to teach things that were common knowledge at the time and were later shown to be simply incorrect[*]. That's why you never can stop learning in IT, and fighting bad habits in all imaginable areas. :-) Every IT person should be aware of this. It's common to abuse the SI units with the (known!) deviant interpretation. Really? If I said the bandwidth usage was 10Mb/s would you immediately understand that was 10,000,000,000 bits per second? Yes, bandwidth is always denoted in strict SI powers-of-1000 scale modifiers, always has been, but the corrosive effect of muddling 2^10 vs 10^3 in computing just leads to confusion and error. In that case, it's simple: The base unit is b (bit), not B (byte), so M = *1000*1000 as the normal SI interpretation. The abuse of M as in *1024*1024 (SI: Mi) only happens to bytes. :-) Sometimes, you find hardware vendors forgetting the factor mismatch 1024 vs. 1000 when they tell you how many GB the new shiny hard disk has. :-) Oh dear. It is so galling to realise that the sales people were actually right all along isn't it? Does one's geek credibility no good at all to realise that we've been out pedanted by some suits... And it becomes even more funny when an IT aware advertising manager says: Hey, there's this cool Gi prefix, why not just say the disk is 800 GiB instead of 800 GB? Then more geeks will buy our products! :-) (No, I won't try to even mention the fun of usable file system capacity vs. gross disk hardware-only capacity.) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: USB device activity when not mounted
On Thu, 14 Jun 2012 09:49:00 -0400 (EDT), Daniel Feenberg wrote: Is it possible that there is volitile memory buffering in the stick that may not have been written to flash when umount thinks it is complete, and the flashing light is an indication that power is still required to complete the write to non-volitile memory? That is possible, but then, the light should be silent after a finite amount of time. Futhermore, are we sure that umount even waits for a sync? There is no mention of that in the man page and I don't recall any long waits for umount to return. If I remember correctly, the umount command instructs the kernel to write all pending file buffers and then detach the device from the file system hierarchy. When the device has been detached (doesn't appear anymore in mount output), everything should have been written. However, as you said it might be possible that _inside_ the USB stick there is still an action that needs to be performed and therefore requires power. But I doubt this takes several seconds to complete... -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: text format
On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 16:32:40 -0500 (CDT), Lars Eighner wrote: On Tue, 12 Jun 2012, pwnedomina wrote: On 12-06-2012 08:22, Polytropon wrote: On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 09:06:07 +0100, i pwn wrote: on groff i've used this cmd to format the text groff -Tascii normal.txt | sed 's/^//'$1 formatted.txt on nroff what would be the cmd? Depending on your input data, I'd say the same command: groff -Tascii normal.txt formatted.txt. But you need to test this yourself with your input text format. See man nroff for details. For using roff macros, man 7 mdoc has a nice summary. im only asking what cmd should i use to format an ascii text to be identical to that one, centered and aligned.. Depending on what your actual text input is (no markup, plain ASCII text), this _should_ work: groff -Tascii normal.txt formatted.txt But _you_ need to try yourself and _maybe_ adjust your input accordingly. Also consider using the fmt program as it has been suggested for document preparation. I do not believe there is one. It seems to me there were some DOS amusement programs that would do this, and you might find one and run it in dosbox. I know that Context Pro can do this. Also WordStar or TP are able to apply margins and align text to justify (solid column). There is very little demand for fully justified monospaced text because it is extremely ugly, hard to read, and error prone. Nonetheless, OpenOffice appears able to do this and so can MS-Word. I suspect many others can without the necessity of writing your own macro. There may be modules in perl and other scripting languages that might be helpful. It's even possible to search the web for a simple LaTeX enclosing and put it into that, but then we leave the domain of ASCII text in the output. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: P5-FuzzyOcr port
On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 23:17:08 -0700, Brian W. wrote: Pkg_add -r can't find a package for this; I presume this is deliberate because of the unmaintained status of fuzzyocr? Seems there is no precompiled package (see the package location ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8-stable/All/ or whatever matches your platform and OS version). But the ports p5-FuzzyOcr and p5-FuzzyOcr-devel are still present (at least in my not up-to-date ports tree) - have you tried installing from a port instead? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: text format
On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 09:06:07 +0100, i pwn wrote: on groff i've used this cmd to format the text groff -Tascii normal.txt | sed 's/^//'$1 formatted.txt on nroff what would be the cmd? Depending on your input data, I'd say the same command: groff -Tascii normal.txt formatted.txt. But you need to test this yourself with your input text format. See man nroff for details. For using roff macros, man 7 mdoc has a nice summary. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Newbie question: Why aren't my cron jobs running?
On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 08:29:02 -0500, Mark Felder wrote: On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 00:06:21 -0500, Robert Bonomi bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote: Comment: using a leading zero on the numeric fields is a BAD IDEA(tm) -- you are *strongly* encocuraged to remove them. Yes, that means numbers will not be column aligned, but it is a small price to pay to avoid the hair-tearing that =will= ensue when using it bites you. Any other info on this? I've never heard of this before and I've never seen an issue using leading zeroes on the minutes value. There are some specific interpretations that _may_ be interpreted according to the C rules, e. g. prefix 0x- for hexadecimal or 08- for octal notation. For example, 083 != 83, just as 0x83 != 83. As it has been mentioned, spaces also have a significant meaning in crontabs, so they cannot be used everywhere to align data columns. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: possbility of a port for older versions of libintl?
On Mon, 11 Jun 2012 02:11:43 -0400 (EDT), Dan Mahoney, System Admin wrote: As a workaround, it might be useful to have a port which compiles an older version of libintl (potential security issues notwithstanding, since it's assumed it will only be used by this one tool). Maybe using the port compatverx-arch-x.y (which has the required lib version you need) in combination with the ld.so library mapping (see man libmap.conf) will work? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: any way to grab just One port to upgrade?
On Mon, 11 Jun 2012 17:31:10 -0700, Gary Kline wrote: On Mon, Jun 11, 2012 at 06:14:52PM -0400, Robert Simmons wrote: Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2012 18:14:52 -0400 From: Robert Simmons rsimmo...@gmail.com Subject: Re: any way to grab just One port to upgrade? To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org On Mon, Jun 11, 2012 at 6:02 PM, Gary Kline kl...@thought.org wrote: it is easy to cvs or cvsup ports and get a whole slew of ports in /usr/ports/distfiles, but too often, using portmaster [or another tool], I'll have only one of two ports that fail because they are either 1) broken, or 2) out of date. is there any way I can grab just the ones that fail to compile? I'm down to fewer than 50 ports. and wedged. You don't want to have /usr/ports out of sync. You want to let cvsup/portsnap do it's thing. It's ideal to have the whole ports collection up-to-date. You may want to start with a clean slate and cvsup/portsnap a fresh copy of the ports collection if you think that something is amiss. You can make a backup of /usr/ports for peace of mind too. Also, can you please supply exactly what ports you're talking about and what commands you are running to upgrade? Error output for the ports you say are broken would be another good thing to supply. something in x11-toolkits/gtk20 blew up. S. lolngstoryshrt, I rebuilt from scratch [[ from the very beginning ]] around 2 hours ago. it Just died. here are the last 20 lines:: gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20/work/gtk+-2.24.6/modules' Making all in demos gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20/work/gtk+-2.24.6/demos' /usr/local/bin/gdk-pixbuf-csource --raw --build-list\ apple_red ./apple-red.png \ gnome_foot ./gnome-foot.png \ test-inline-pixbufs.h \ || (rm -f test-inline-pixbufs.h false) failed to load ./apple-red.png: Couldn't recognize the image file format for file './apple-red.png' gmake[2]: *** [test-inline-pixbufs.h] Error 1 gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20/work/gtk+-2.24.6/demos' gmake[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20/work/gtk+-2.24.6' gmake: *** [all] Error 2 *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/x11-toolkits/gtk20. root@ethic:/tmp# unless this port is known to be broken, I'll cvsup the ports tree. If you're using csup instead of portsnap, you can get faster updates of your ports tree (as portsnap transmits snapshots which are less frequently taken). In case you intendedly need to DOWNgrade a port (maybe because the newer version doesn't work anymore, like the xzgv image viewer), use the portdowngrade tool. As it as been mentioned, having an out-of-sync ports tree is not recommended and can lead to trouble. So for example, if gtk20 fails, remove its cruft (make clean for this port and maybe its dependencies; maybe also remove the distfiles it downloaded), and update via CVS some hours after the incident. It sometimes happens that the problems magically resolve. :-) It's recommended to restart port builds in a somewhat clean environment, that's why it sometimes really helps to delete files of a previous build. Are you using a port management tool (e. g. portmaster) or do you operate on bare ports)? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: text format
On Tue, 12 Jun 2012 01:50:15 +, pwnedomina wrote: On 11-06-2012 23:40, Alejandro Imass wrote: On Mon, Jun 11, 2012 at 5:57 PM, i pwnpwnedom...@gmail.com wrote: hi, sometime ago i asked a question about how to format a text, some people told me to use groff, but i would like to know how was file http://ipwn.altervista.org/files/Stoll,%20Clifford%20-%20The%20Cuckoo%27s%20Egg.txt fomatted. thanks in advance. Most probably nroff / groff Take a look at the info from the authoring tools at rfceditor: http://www.rfc-editor.org/formatting.html *formatted. i've downloaded NroffEdit but when i open the ASCII text i want to convert/format, it says Not a valid nroff I-D what should i do? Erm, you did open the output file (as pointed to), _not_ the source file? You're trying to edit text in a document you've scanned. :-) The output text can be edited with any text editor (vi, emacs, joe, mcedit, whichever is your favourite), but it will be kept in this format as it _has been_ generated that way (past tense). In order to change formatting, you need the SOURCE file with the macros. (Compare: HTML files rendered by browser: output looks different than input; to change it, you need to edit the HTML source.) You can compare that to editing a man page: You need the page's source (like found in /usr/src/share/examples/mdoc/example.1). The text's SOURCE file would have looked similarly I assume. THAT is the input format you need for the NroffEdit WYSIWYG text editor. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: note
On Mon, 11 Jun 2012 21:36:00 -0600, Arlen McIntyre wrote: How can I get FreeBSD on my other partition and have a dual OS system without the boot installation? Qustion part one: Prepare a USB stick with the FreeBSD memstick edition. You'll find instructions on how to do that on the FreeBSD website, as well as the installation media. Preparation: Make sure you have _free_ disk space. This means: Do not create any DOS partitions, just leave it empty and let the installer perform the required tasks of partitioning and formatting. Question part two: Install the FreeBSD boot manager (which is one of the first steps during the installation process). You can then select at system startup which OS to boot into. I cannot afford to buy FreeBSD. I'm sorry to hear that, but it won't be a problem. You won't go to jail, don't be frightened. Just install it. It's free. :-) No really: FreeBSD _is_ free to download and to use. You don't need to buy it (even though you _may_ do so; refer to the FreeBSD website for details). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: altfn going to X
On Sun, 10 Jun 2012 12:17:10 -0500 (CDT), Lars Eighner wrote: But you almost certainly want it loaded automatically (as in the fvwm2 example above), but how to do this in your particular window manager you will have to discover from the documentation of your window manger. It's easy loading xmodmap settings prior to the window manager and therefore independent of it, using the X startup file which is ~/.xinitrc or ~/.xsession (or a chain loader of them). [ -f ~/.xmodmaprc ] xmodmap ~/.xmodmaprc # other initialisation ... start fvwn2 However, the default key combination Ctrl+Alt+Fx should work without alteration in any window manager; at least it does in the few I've tried. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: prune ports tree?
On Sat, 09 Jun 2012 00:06:39 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: Is it possible to specify that parts of the ports tree should never be used? How do you want to understand by parts and not used? The easiest way to not use some part of the ports tree is to remove that part. You can do that by manually deleting the port(s) and even omitting them when updating your ports tree. If you use csup, you can make /etc/sup/ports.sup like this: Don't use ports-all, but only list the categories you want to have updated. This works category-wise. You'll find examples in /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile which you can use as a template for your own configuration file. An example of /etc/sup/ports.sup could look like this: *default host=cvsup.freebsd.org *default base=/var/db *default prefix=/usr *default release=cvs tag=. *default delete use-rel-suffix *default compress ports-base ports-accessibility #ports-arabic ports-archivers [ ... list shortened ... ] ports-x11-servers ports-x11-themes ports-x11-toolkits ports-x11-wm Only the listed ports categories will be updated. Then you can add this to /etc/make.conf: SUP=/usr/bin/csup --- SUP_UPDATE= /usr/bin/csup --- SUPFLAGS= -L 2--- SUPHOST=cvsup.freebsd.org SUPFILE=/etc/sup/stable.sup PORTSSUPFILE= /etc/sup/ports.sup --- DOCSUPFILE= /etc/sup/doc.sup DOC_LANG= en_US.ISO8859-1 de_DE.ISO8859-1 The important lines are marked with a ---. Now you can do this: # cd /usr/ports # make update and you'll get the latest ports tree _excluding_ what you have already removed. You can also use /usr/ports/.cvsignore to specify the directories csup should ignore; defaults are distfiles and packages. You can list offending ports here. This approach does _not_ work well when using portsnap. From the portsnap.conf manpage: Note that operating with an incomplete ports tree is not supported and may cause unexpected results. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Mouse stopped working in X
On Sat, 09 Jun 2012 06:06:49 +0200, Bernt Hansson wrote: 2012-05-22 10:44, Polytropon skrev: On Tue, 22 May 2012 10:17:16 +0200, Bernt Hansson wrote: There is a second way of doing this stunt. Start X When X is up and running press CTRL+ALT+F3 or any F* frpm F3 up to F8 then you get to the console Su to root in the console and type in /usr/local/etc/rc.d/dbus restart /usr/local/etc/rc.d/hald restart Then press ALT+F9 to get back to X So if that is the _solution_ It is not near any solution. I do not think this issue have anything to do with hal or dbus. I didn't claim it was a solution, I just wanted to make the therapy more elegant; see the difference between therapy (treating symptoms) and the actual cure of a disease (removing the cause). As I'm only running old-fashioned stuff here, I can't be more specific regarding the newest inventions of why X stopped acting as expected. In the past, simply removing HAL and DBUS altogether and using a xorg.conf file to make the required settings has worked at least for me. My idea of automating the manual step of restarting HAL and DBUS (which _seems_ to have treated the symptoms of a non-working mouse) was to put that into the X initialisation file: sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/dbus restart sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/hald restart. Of couse that doesn't even remotely touch a possible problem caused elsewhere. And does it look totally stupid? Sure it does. It looks so wrong, but sometimes the wrongest thing just works (TM). :-) My machine at the office running the same hal and X as the one at home does not have this kind of problems. That might be a good indicator that there actually is something different in those machines, and this difference causes the problem. Maybe it's something simple, and really not related to HAL. As I said, I'm not sure, as I'm not using it. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: find date of last boot
On Thu, 07 Jun 2012 19:15:25 -0400, Fbsd8 wrote: dmesg command does not show date of last boot. Are there some other commands to find date of last boot? Check the lines in /var/log/messages. Unless you're not experiencing a newsyslog message (new log file started), the kernel: Copyright (c) 1992-2011 The FreeBSD Project. string (first line of typical dmesg, check for your particular OS version!) indicates when the system was booted. But note that the date format is not the common sortable kind of `date +%d.%m.%Y`. Another idea (as already mentioned) is to subtract `uptime` from current `date`. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: find date of last boot
On Thu, 7 Jun 2012 21:02:57 -0500 (CDT), Robert Bonomi wrote: From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org Thu Jun 7 20:26:46 2012 Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2012 20:24:49 -0500 From: Chris rac...@makeworld.com To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: find date of last boot On 6/7/2012 8:14 PM, Chris Hill wrote: Why create something that is already built in? As I mentioned previously, the last command lists when the system was rebooted. Probably, because last does *not* reliably do so. grin To wit: $ date Thu Jun 7 20:59:44 CDT 2012 $ uptime 8:58PM up 8 days, 22:30, 1 user, load averages: 0.07, 0.03, 0.01 $ last reboot wtmp begins Tue Jun 5 17:00:58 CDT 2012 $ 'wtmp' has been rotated twice since the system was booted. Maybe introducing something along the /etc/rc execution? An /etc/rc.local entry like /bin/date +%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S /var/log/thisboot.log and then just look at the file. Requires at least one reboot to take effect. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Is this something we (as consumers of FreeBSD) need to be aware of?
On Wed, 06 Jun 2012 11:47:11 +0100, Matthew Seaman wrote: Having to pay Verisign instead of Microsoft makes no difference: the point is why should I have to pay anything to a third party in order to run whatever OS I want on a piece of hardware I own? Maybe a common marketing and sales model comes from software to hardware too: You don't actually own the hardware! When you give money to the manufacturer (maybe through vendors or retailers), you receive hardware _plus_ a limited set of rights which you may exercise on that hardware, maybe for a limited time. By purchasing the hardware that way, you may even have implicitely signed a kind of agreement (cf. EULA) that you accept those licensing of hardware. You do _not_ own it in order to exercise your free will on it, like I have the right to wipe 'Windows' and install something else, which might result in a loss of warranty. You may only run what the manufacturer allows you to run (by providing the proper boot mechanism for it that just works). If the manufacturer may decide that you shouldn't boot that system you bought anymore, he can retract the permissions and the device you paid money for will be rendered into a shiny brick. This _is_ possible, and as human nature teaches: Everything that is possible _will_ be done, no matter if we recognize it immediately or not. And the worst solution prevails, so whatever we may assume about the future, the future will be much worse. :-) Note that flats are a familiar example of this model. You may live in the flat, but by paying a rent you don't own it. What you may do is limited. Another valid interpretation of this problem is of course defective by design and planned obsolescense. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Is this something we (as consumers of FreeBSD) need to be aware of?
On Tue, 5 Jun 2012 11:19:26 -0700, Kurt Buff wrote: UEFI considerations drive Fedora to pay MSFT to sign their kernel binaries http://cwonline.computerworld.com/t/8035515/1292406/565573/0/ I may reply with another link: http://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/12368.html This would seem to make compiling from source difficult. It won't need much time until hackers find a way to find a way around booting restrictions. Maybe this is an additional step needed to make non-Windows boot on then-current hardware. A free market won't allow a situation come up that requires the competitor to obtain a permission by its concurrent to make his product work. It would also show a security feature being an aspect of defective by design regarding computer hardware and its manufacturers. Compiling from source? You don't even get that far! :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: (no subject)
On Mon, 04 Jun 2012 00:27:31 -0400, Thomas Mueller wrote: For a server, you don't need a lot of fancy stuff such as Adobe Flash and do you need this for a non-server? Adobe don't want us (FreeBSD users) to use their closed-source software. And i respect their will and don't use it. Which resulted in much easier browsing by the way :) Some, too many, web sites are difficult or impossible to access without Adobe Flash. Those aren't web sites, those are Flash sites. :-) With the upcoming decline and fall of Flash in mind, one should not have to worry too much. When HTML 5 gets finally adopted (including its audio, video and interactivity features), which is essential to gain acccess to the growing mobile markets, Flash will just be an unpleasant memory, just like Java on the web. :-) Adobe may discontinue Linux version of Flash plugin except when bundled with Chrome browser. There are alternatives that seem to work well enough (e. g. gnash). Some web sites use Flash just to be annoying, not to create a video. Yes, Flash has taken the place that formerly has been occupied by animated GIFs, except now sound and forced interactivity, as well as slowness and bloat, have been successfully added. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: (no subject)
On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 06:54:37 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: youtube is not a problem, use youtube-dl from ports and do download videos to disk drive, then watch instead of having movies in the internet, where they can disappear everytime youtube decide that you should's watch it. Additionally, it allows the user to use his favourite media player (e. g. mplayer) with all its support (still, rew, ff, brightness/contrast adjust, keyboard support) except to have dealing with it in a web browser window with its very limited means of user friendlyness. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: umount device busy
On Mon, 04 Jun 2012 01:56:49 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: On 06/03/12 21:05, Polytropon wrote: Maybe the ganim lock is regarding a device file? Not sure about that, I'm not using it here. I'm not sure what the deal is here, but exiting X does solve the problem. I didn't try just killing the environment by shutting down the wm and leaving X up, but if I forget and do something like that again I'll try to remember to try it. I assume ganim get launched as a background process by Xfce when starting X, and fortunately it exits when exiting X (and _not_ staying active as a daemon). In any case, the mount was done after X was started, and switching vtys crashes X so I don't do that. That sounds a bit wrong... Agreed, but I saw someone else was having a similar problem with 9.0 release a bit earlier on a system, and no problem with 8.3. At least I think that was it. Hmmm, just looked and there's a firefox-bin.core and an xfce-appfinder.core. Timestamps look about right for when I did a vty switch. So it's not only X crashing, it's also applications crashing (and so causing a core dump). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: bsdlabel geometry params
On Mon, 04 Jun 2012 07:53:56 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: According the the handbook, one should do the following to set up a new disk: 1 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/da1 bs=1k count=1 2 fdisk -BI da1 #Initialize your new disk 3 bsdlabel -B -w da1s1 auto #Label it. 4 bsdlabel -e da1s1 # Edit the bsdlabel just created and add any partitions. 5 mkdir -p /1 6 newfs /dev/da1s1e # Repeat this for every partition you created. 7 mount /dev/da1s1e /1 # Mount the partition(s) 8 vi /etc/fstab # Add the appropriate entry/entries to your /etc/fstab. In step #4, bsdlabel gives you a label with zeros for fsize, bsize, bps/cpg Is it necessary to fill these in, or is there a way to get some reasonable defaults? newfs -N will give you numbers for bsize and fsize, but what about bps/cpg? What does the install process do for this step? I don't remember ever having to deal with it. Maybe it's bit overcomplicated. I assume as you're creating /dev/da1s1e here (non-boot volume on 1st slice, which would be /dev/da1s1a instead), so basically you're creating a kind of data disk (one full disk, not bootable). You can have that much easier: # newfs /dev/da1 Of course you can add options to newfs if needed, and also apply tunefs afterwards. But dealing with slices (which are DOS primary partitions) is not needed if what you're creating will be a data disk as described. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: umount device busy
On Mon, 04 Jun 2012 13:15:33 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: Can you tell me where any of this is documented? I can't find squat about gamin. no man page and no docs in the /usr/local tree Welcome to the realm of modern software and its aversion against documentation. :-) In such cases, you often need to use a web browser, google, and search for keywords related to your problem. Checked the port options for gamin itself and see there's a place to turn on the poller, to that should solve that problem. No, this setting is done in a configuration file (installed version of course). The setting is poll /mnt/* poll /media/* or poll /dev/* or the like - not sure, I'm not using it. But where does one learn about disabling specific directories or other info? In arbitrary web forums, wikis and user pages. :-) Here's an example: http://people.gnome.org/~veillard/gamin/config.html Of course you need to conclude to use either ~/.gaminrc for your user, or something different than /etc/gamin/mandatory_gaminrc for system-wide use. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: (no subject)
On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 19:31:43 -0300, Mario Lobo wrote: On Monday 04 June 2012 11:12:01 Polytropon wrote: On Mon, 4 Jun 2012 06:54:37 +0200 (CEST), Wojciech Puchar wrote: youtube is not a problem, use youtube-dl from ports and do download videos to disk drive, then watch instead of having movies in the internet, where they can disappear everytime youtube decide that you should's watch it. Additionally, it allows the user to use his favourite media player (e. g. mplayer) with all its support (still, rew, ff, brightness/contrast adjust, keyboard support) except to have dealing with it in a web browser window with its very limited means of user friendlyness. Flashblocker and downloadhelper plugins for FF. Work like a charm !! Yes, but may require too much interactivity. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Strange case of vanishing disk
On Tue, 05 Jun 2012 01:03:59 +0100, Kaya Saman wrote: I had a small issue at the bootloader prompt, my USB keyboard didn't work as in it seems the kernel modules weren't loaded in order for the keys to function. Not sure how to get round that one :-) Check the BIOS settings: Sometimes you can enable USB keyboard legacy so it will also work at the lower levels of interactivity. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: HP networked printer -- hp-setup won't use, hp-probe finds
On Sun, 03 Jun 2012 01:01:07 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: On 06/02/12 18:35, Polytropon wrote: On Sat, 02 Jun 2012 18:08:55 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: I've deinstalled cups and its dependencies and rebuilt only hpijs. You could have kept it installed (maybe some ports will want it as a dependency), just disable it in /etc/rc.conf. I'm probably going to have to rebuild anyway, as I was totally unclear on what cups was initially and whether or not it was needed / wanted. As a summary, CUPS is both a replacement of the system's default printer spooler (lpr) and its command line tools (lpr, lpq, lprm, plus lpstat, lpconfig), as well as a collection of printer filters (to turn PS into different printer languages) and preprocessors (to turn non-PS input files into PS prior to printing). It's being considered _the_ standard meanwhile for many modern software packages that have hardcoded expectations that CUPS is present and running, in order to print (instead of just to submit the PS data to whatever is there - lpr is _always_ there). One of the problems with not having another system and display when starting out, and not understanding the architecture at first. As soon as you've got the the basic system up and running, a minimal windowing environment, some xterms, a MUA and a web browser should be sufficient. However, when I try to use gs + hpijs as a filter, it fails. Did you write your own filter? I used a tweaked version of the one Wojciech Puchar just posted, which appears to be a tweaked version of the one supplied with the hpijs port. I turned off some of the batch type options to help see what was going on. #!/bin/sh #export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/share/ppd /usr/local/bin/gs -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dNOPAUSE \ -sDEVICE=ijs -sIjsServer=hpijs -sDeviceManufacturer=HEWLETT-PACKARD \ -sDeviceModel=Officejet Pro 8500 A909g \ -dIjsUseOutputFD -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=595 -dDEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=842 -r600 \ -sIjsParams=Quality:Quality=0,Quality:ColorMode=2,Quality:MediaType=0,Quality:PenSet=2 \ -sOutputFile=/tmp/$$ - /dev/null #-sDeviceModel=DESKJET 960 \ #/usr/local/bin/gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE \ #-sOutputFile=- - exit 0 cat /tmp/$$ #rm /tmp/$$ Ah okay, this uses ijs, _not_ a .ppd file. See the -sDEVICE parameter which is the main entry to what printer filter will be used (to compare, in my case it's ljet4d which produces PCL that gets then sent). For comparison: I'm using a HP Laserjet 4000 duplex here, networked, with /opt/libexec/ps2pcl-dup.sh being the filter for use with duplexing: #!/bin/sh printf \033k2G || exit 2 gs -q -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER -dSAFER -sPAPERSIZE=a4 -r600x600 \ -sDEVICE=ljet4d -dDuplex=true \ -sOutputFile=- - exit 0 exit 2 The entry for this printer in /etc/printcap is: Laserjet|ljet4d;r=600x600;q=high;c=full;p=a4;m=auto:\ :rm=192.168.100.100:\ :rp=raw:\ :lp=:\ :if=/opt/libexec/ps2pcl-dup.sh:\ :sd=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet:\ :lf=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet/log:\ :af=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet/acct:\ :mx#0:\ :sh: The name Laserjet is set in $PRINTER as the system's default printer. There's also Laserjet-nodup where the filter simply omits the duplexing functionality. I assume you did something similarly? That's quite a bit different, in that the output device for mine is the ijs daemon with hpijs as the ijs server. That part's from the hp sample script with the hpijs port. Correct. If the ijs system supports your printer, it should be fine. As you can see from the script and the commented out lines, the -sDeviceModel=XXX is what is changing the behavior. If I swap that one argument, it works. Good! Can you provide the command you've used for printing? By default, the printer subsystem accepts PS (which is the normal printing output format of _any_ printing application). lpr foo.txt lpr foo.pdf For diagnostics, you should always start with a PS file. This is what the printer spooler accepts as input. Before printing, check the PS file with gv filename to make sure it contains what you expect it to contain. All applications that have a print to file option will output PS. In the past, I've been using apsfilter to do the preprocessing (? - PS), but its backend was the same simple gs command as I'm using today, even the automatically generated printcap entry was similar (except at that time, the printer destination was parallel). Also, the ppd.gz files from the port *did not* include any ppd.gz file for this printer. However, the cups port did, but they were installed elsewhere. So I just copied them over, but I'm wondering if there is a db or internal cache somewhere that has to be rebuilt. The ppd handling
Re: umount device busy
On Sun, 03 Jun 2012 08:59:11 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: Something I'm overlooking here and a lot of questions I can't seem to find the answers to... I mounted a usb drive mount -t ntfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt/goflex Then, as nearly as I can remember... I then poked around a bit using the xfce4 browser. I tried to mkdir from the mount point as a normal user: cd /mnt/goflex %mkdir breakaway mkdir: .: No such file or directory After checking write premissions, which I didn't have, I did an su -l and tried again, with the same results. I then tried to unmount the drive, believing it was mounted read-only: #umount /mnt/goflex umount: unmount of /mnt/goflex failed: Device busy As nearly as I can tell, I don't have anything pointing at that drive. Questions: 1. What does the No such file or directory mean from mkdir? It's a relative dir name, and I'm sitting at a valid dir. I think I remember having read about problems with Windows-based file system use, such as valid directories becoming invalid. The error message you mentioned states /mnt/goflex is not a valid directory (anymore), that's why no directory entry can be created here. Consider NTFS being part of the problem, i. e. problems with the _ntfs file system driver provided by the OS (as it seems you're not using FUSE tools here - there are fusefs-ntfs and ntfsprogs in the ports collection which may provide a functionality the base system is missing here). 2. How do I find out how the file-system was mounted? mount (noargs) does not show read/write status It does - implicitely. For -o ro, it shows read-only. 3. I tried lsof but I don't get any output from it: lsof +d /mnt/goflex -x -- /mnt/goflex Where does it go if not to stdout? If no output redirection is applied, consider the output being empty, as no error message is displayed (so both stdout and stderr are silent). 4. lsof has a *long* man page, so I'd like to save it temporarily so I can search it in an editor. If I do man lsof temp.tmp the output contains backspace sequences which screw up searching. How do I get man to produce plain text without the control sequences? You can use less's search (key /) when using the man lsof command. You can also use a PDF viewer (including text search functionality) so you can keep the formatting details. The following command does the trick: zcat `man -w lsof` | groff -Tps -dpaper=a4 -P-pa4 -mandoc | ps2pdf - /tmp/man_1_lsof.pdf To convert to pure text, use -Tascii or -Tlatin1; however, this renders to pure text without keeping the formatting intact. 6. And finally, any idea why umount says the device is busy? Maybe there are writes pending, or it's just held open by Xfce. Make sure no terminal session has the mount point as current working directory, which would imply device busy, even if there's no actual reading or writing action. Seems like I should have been able to find the answer to at least one of those but I'm coming up short. You could use umount -f to force it, but that may result in files missing. Anyway, I've never actually used NTFS with FreeBSD so this could also be a source of the problem. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: HP networked printer -- hp-setup won't use, hp-probe finds
On Sun, 3 Jun 2012 10:17:28 -0600 (MDT), Warren Block wrote: On Sun, 3 Jun 2012, Polytropon wrote: By the way, have you tried using your filter directly for testing? As mentioned before, prepare a printable PS file, then do: # cat test.ps | /var/spool/lpd/hp8500/diff.2 | nc 123.45.67.890 Note: nc is from port nc (netcat). It will send it directly to the IP address, which will normally be done by lpr, but just for diagnostics, always work with the smallest possible variables. :-) nc(1) is also in the base system as /usr/bin/nc. Damn, you're right! Maybe that is because of netcat hasn't always been part of the OS? I talked about it as something so common that I didn't even mention it. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: umount device busy
On Sun, 03 Jun 2012 20:28:28 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: Consider NTFS being part of the problem, i. e. problems with the _ntfs file system driver provided by the OS (as it seems you're not using FUSE tools here - there are fusefs-ntfs and ntfsprogs in the ports collection which may provide a functionality the base system is missing here). may try that but will probably decide to use two different drives for removable backup, one for windoze and one for fbsd. Good idea. However, you can do efficient backups of Windows data by using the ntfsprogs tools. This makes sure they can even be read under non-Windows systems. if you are using xfce4, then you have most likely got gamin running as well, this caused the same problem for me when trying to umount an external USB drive gamin *is* installed, and I did have the file browser up and using it to look at the ntfs disk. I thought it might be holding a file open, so first I backed it out to something not on the ntfs disk, then exited it. Made no difference. Maybe the ganim lock is regarding a device file? Not sure about that, I'm not using it here. In any case, the mount was done after X was started, and switching vtys crashes X so I don't do that. That sounds a bit wrong... 4. lsof has a *long* man page, so I'd like to save it temporarily so I can search it in an editor. If I do man lsoftemp.tmp the output contains backspace sequences which screw up searching. How do I get man to produce plain text without the control sequences? You can use less's search (key /) when using the man lsof command. You can also use a PDF viewer (including text search functionality) so you can keep the formatting details. The following command does the trick: zcat `man -w lsof` | groff -Tps -dpaper=a4 -P-pa4 -mandoc | ps2pdf - /tmp/man_1_lsof.pdf To convert to pure text, use -Tascii or -Tlatin1; however, this renders to pure text without keeping the formatting intact. Thanks. I get a grops: can't open file `a4` but I'll deal with that later. That's just for formatting the paper format (ISO A4 here). You can omit those options, the default format (in your case I assume it will be letter) will be selected. man -t lsof | sp2ascii savefile.txt Where'd you get/find sp2ascii? I don't see one anywhere, not even on google. (Except this thread...) Secret weapon? Typo maybe? A command like ps2ascii sounds more reasonable if we consider PS being the output format. The command % man -t lsof | ps2ascii man_1_lsof.txt works as intended. The only remaining control character is ^L, means page break (for form feed to be precise). 6. And finally, any idea why umount says the device is busy? You could use umount -f to force it, but that may result in files missing. hope not, but not a heck of a lot of choices at this point. Since I didn't do squat because of the failed mkdir, seems hopeful. You can always call the command % sync to request writing any pending buffers; however, the system will decide when the actual writes to the media will happen. :-) I've mounted them ro a number of times, but never tried writing before. In that case, using fuse-ntfs seems to be the better choice as the NTFS support of the base system is considered good enough for r/o. something that *might* be helpful to you, it's a basic little man page browser in Qt left side of the pane shows a treeview of filesystem, so you can navigate /bin, /usr/bin, etc.. when you click on a file it looks for the corresponding man page and shows it on the right pane formatted html, which is a webkit panel. https://github.com/creamy/man-browser it is intended as a way to quickly look at what's installed on your system and possibly 'discover' and learn about previously 'unknown' commands. Thanks. There's also a traditional way: xman. You can use it like % xman -bothshown then select Manual Page and then select a command from the directory on top. It's quite simple, but renders fast. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: FreeBSD on the ASUS P8H67-M LGA1155 H67 motherboard
On Sat, 2 Jun 2012 23:07:45 +0400, Peter Vereshagin wrote: Hello. 2012/06/02 23:40:25 +0700 Victor Sudakov v...@mpeks.tomsk.su = To freebsd-questions@freebsd.org : VS What video card would the collective mind of FreeBSD users recommend? VS I'm not a gamer, this box runs FreeBSD only with a recent xorg, I VS often watch movies on it. I'd try with nvidia. Any modern one has support of 'xvideo' extension with the 'driver nv' that is 'just enough' for watching movies. I'm also using nVidia GeForce 7600 GS (G73) here, using the nvidia driver and the kernel module. Works very good, except my GPU is broken and occassionally freezes the whole system in an unpredictable manner. :-) Previously I've been using an ATI Radeon 9200 (RV250) with less trouble, using XFree86's (and later on X.org's) stock ati driver. Any not-too-recent card should work fine. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: HP networked printer -- hp-setup won't use, hp-probe finds
On Sat, 02 Jun 2012 18:08:55 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: I've deinstalled cups and its dependencies and rebuilt only hpijs. You could have kept it installed (maybe some ports will want it as a dependency), just disable it in /etc/rc.conf. lpr works to the printer for the simple demo text filter hp supplies (The printer is directly connected to the network, not via USB or parallel port) However, when I try to use gs + hpijs as a filter, it fails. Did you write your own filter? For comparison: I'm using a HP Laserjet 4000 duplex here, networked, with /opt/libexec/ps2pcl-dup.sh being the filter for use with duplexing: #!/bin/sh printf \033k2G || exit 2 gs -q -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER -dSAFER -sPAPERSIZE=a4 -r600x600 \ -sDEVICE=ljet4d -dDuplex=true \ -sOutputFile=- - exit 0 exit 2 The entry for this printer in /etc/printcap is: Laserjet|ljet4d;r=600x600;q=high;c=full;p=a4;m=auto:\ :rm=192.168.100.100:\ :rp=raw:\ :lp=:\ :if=/opt/libexec/ps2pcl-dup.sh:\ :sd=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet:\ :lf=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet/log:\ :af=/var/spool/lpd/Laserjet/acct:\ :mx#0:\ :sh: The name Laserjet is set in $PRINTER as the system's default printer. There's also Laserjet-nodup where the filter simply omits the duplexing functionality. I assume you did something similarly? the log shows: Jun 2 16:58:18 fbsdbox lpd[10367]: lp: lost connection Jun 2 16:58:18 fbsdbox lpd[10367]: restarting lp unable to set device=HP Officejet Pro 8500 a909g hpijs, err=16 unable to read client data err=-2 Jun 2 16:38:54 fbsdbox lpd[10367]: lp: lost connection Jun 2 16:38:54 fbsdbox lpd[10367: lp: job could not be sent to remote host ... Jun 2 16:38:54 fbsdbox lpd[10367]: mail sent to user garya about job unknown on printer lp (FATALERR) Can you provide the command you've used for printing? By default, the printer subsystem accepts PS (which is the normal printing output format of _any_ printing application). CUPS, as well as apsfilter, offer some built-in functionality for converting data from non-PS (e. g. text, images) to PS when you call lpr, for example: % lpr picture.jpg % lpr source.c % lpr stuff.txt As long as you print PS (or from any application within X that outputs PS), this shouldn't be an issue for you. The .ppd.gz file was not located in the path exported from the filter script. However, when I put /usr/local/share/ppd/HP in the path, it made no difference. Where are your .ppd files or .ppd.gz files located? Depends. CUPS puts them into /usr/local/etc/cups/ppd, there's also the possibility that other tools that handle PPD files search for them in a location defined in their documentation. For example, the CUPS ppd files are already extracted. Also, the ppd.gz files from the port *did not* include any ppd.gz file for this printer. However, the cups port did, but they were installed elsewhere. So I just copied them over, but I'm wondering if there is a db or internal cache somewhere that has to be rebuilt. The ppd handling tool usually manages that. It looks to me like it is unable to locate a .ppd.gz or .ppd which matches the device name enough to be used. Anyone know who is generating the error It's lpd (see message). It's accessing a printer called lp (does it exist with tha name?) and loses the connection, and try to restart it. The inability is expressed as unable to set device=HP Officejet Pro 8500 a909g hpijs, I'm not sure if spaces are allowed? (Check man 5 printcap to be sure.) Ok, I tweeked /etc/printcap and the filter to call the printer a DESKJET 960 and it worked. Is your $PRINTER set to this name? In that case, you could easily move from lp (the default name) to omitting -Pname in the lp* commands. So one obviously has to do more than just supply the correct .ppd.gz file in the correct spot. Right. If you look into a .ppd file, you'll see PostScript in there. It's (highly inaccurately described) code that instructs the PS interpreter (usually gs) on how to create the correct output language for the particular printer, tell details about options and parameters of the printer (such as paper feeds, duplexer, paper sizes and so on). ideas? Some of your code (scripts and commands) would help (at least me) to understand your current state better. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Anyone using freebsd ZFS for large storage servers?
On Fri, 1 Jun 2012 14:05:57 +0100, Kaya Saman wrote: It was my impression that ZFS doesn't actually format the disk as stores data as raw information on the hard disk directly rather then using an actual file system structure as such. In worst... in ultra-worst abysmal inexpected exceptional and unbelievable narrow cases, when you don't have or can't access a backup (which you should have even when using ZFS), and you _need_ to do some forensic analysis on disks, ZFS seems to be a worse solution than UFS. On ZFS, you never can predict where the data will go. Add several disks to the problem, a combination of striping and mirroring mechanisms, and you will see that things start to become complicated. I do _not_ want to try to claim a ZFS inferiority due to missing backups, but there may be occassions where (except performance), low-level file system aspects of UFS might be superior to using ZFS. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: fsck on a mounted fs as read-only
On Thu, 31 May 2012 14:19:33 +0400, dmi...@zhigulinet.ru wrote: Good afternoon. Could not tell whether you can run fsck on checking mounted file system as read-only, if prior to that with which the parameters ftp # mount ... / dev/aacd0 on / var / ftp (ufs, NFS exported, local, read-only) Launched with these parameters and this is what gives ftp # fsck -yf / dev/aacd0 ** / Dev/aacd0 (NO WRITE) ** Last Mounted on / var / ftp ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes As I understand it does not fix the fsck filesystem. Correct. For file system modifications the file system may not be mounted because lower level operations maybe will take place. In your current setting, only checks will be performed, but _if_ something needs to be modified, it will not happen. The reason: It _might_ affect the file system to change, even if it's just in read-only state. Solution: Unmount the file system and re-run fsck. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Audio CD issue -- most everything but noise
On Thu, 31 May 2012 00:38:46 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: The cd mounts a regular file system ok and audio generally works ok -- playing from a file works. You're sure it's a normal audio CD? How actually is one supposed to mount audio CDs? They're _audio_ CD format, no ISO-9660 file system on them...? Successive status requests look like it is progressing through the CD just fine. Does the CD drive maybe have an earphone connector so you can test if anything is output? I know most modern drives don't come with this connector anymore. The CD does not have any direct to mobo audio wire, only the ATA cable. I'm assuming fbsd gets the audio down the ata cable, correct? As far as I remember... NO. I've been using FreeBSD with working CD audio in the past, but I always had the wire installed (in many different constellations, such as with using SCSI drives, using an individual sound card, or having multiple line-ins on the main board). _This_ method did always work. Just to make sure, check your mixer settings. Yes I know, it's stupid to emphasize it, but _I_ have been fallen into that trap already. :-) Mixer vol is currently set to 75:75 Mixer pcm is currently set to 50:50 Mixer cd is currently set to 0:0 In _such_ a situation, missing sound is nothing special. Thanks for any helpful hints, I'm totally confused. The FreeBSD ATAPI subsystem has been done many changes to in the recent years. Maybe CD-Audio functionality has been lost during that way? It's not the first time it's being discussed on list... -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Audio CD issue -- most everything but noise ASUS M4A89TD mobo
On Thu, 31 May 2012 12:26:21 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote:
On 05/31/12 05:54, Polytropon wrote:
On Thu, 31 May 2012 00:38:46 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote:
The cd mounts a regular file system ok and audio generally works
ok -- playing from a file works.
You're sure it's a normal audio CD? How actually is one supposed
to mount audio CDs? They're _audio_ CD format, no ISO-9660 file
system on them...?
By normal I mean it plays fine in a regular sound system, and
on a windoze box via media player with the same CD player and
the direct audio wire not hooked up.
Okay, just wanted to make sure it's no Un-CD. :-)
Successive status requests look like it is progressing through
the CD just fine.
Does the CD drive maybe have an earphone connector so you
can test if anything is output? I know most modern drives
don't come with this connector anymore.
I'm using the earphones, and they work with mp3 files from disk.
Who said anything about modern?
I thought all CDs came from old junk machines. :-)
Novel idea. This cd has one, and I get audio from it.
So cdcontrol seems to be controlling operation just fine,
there's just no audio getting into the guts of the os.
Good, this is a good way through the disgnostic steps. It
proves that the device actually plays CD audio (which we
expected, but now we're sure). Problem remaining: That
sound doesn't make it to the sound card (resp. its
implementation in the board's chipset).
The CD does not have any direct to mobo audio wire, only the ATA cable.
I'm assuming fbsd gets the audio down the ata cable, correct?
As far as I remember... NO.
I've been using FreeBSD with working CD audio in the past,
but I always had the wire installed (in many different
constellations, such as with using SCSI drives, using an
individual sound card, or having multiple line-ins on
the main board). _This_ method did always work.
Ugh.
Mobo:
ASUS M4A89TD Pro/USB3
doesn't even have a place to plug in the separate digital audio input cable.
At least not that I can identify.
This functionality is not present on modern boards anymore.
Also note it's not digital. It's analog. GND plus two
channels. Audio transmission using the 40/80 pin (P)ATA
cable would have been digital.
Still, there _is_ a way of a workaround which is so ugly and
partially stupid that I fear to mention it.
You need a cable, 2 x 3.5mm stereo jack, which you connect
from the front connector of the CD drive to the line-in
connector on the back of your machine (the main baord's
line-in connector, typically colored light blue).
I didn't say anything! :-)
Just to make sure, check your mixer settings. Yes I know,
it's stupid to emphasize it, but _I_ have been fallen
into that trap already. :-)
Mixer vol is currently set to 75:75
Mixer pcm is currently set to 50:50
Mixer cd is currently set to 0:0
In _such_ a situation, missing sound is nothing special.
How about missing cd?
Mixer vol is currently set to 100:100
Mixer pcm is currently set to 75:75
Mixer line is currently set to 75:75
Mixer mic is currently set to 0:0
Mixer mix is currently set to 0:0
Mixer rec is currently set to 75:75
Mixer igainis currently set to 100:100
Mixer ogainis currently set to 50:50
Recording source: mic
I don't see any cd. Where does that come from?
Okay, this means the mixer doesn't even have a CD audio
mixer channel. If I remember correctly, this channel is
directly associated to the internal audio connector which
is _not_ present in your system.
There is a /dev/cd0:
ls -l /dev/cd0
crw-r- 1 root operator0, 115 May 30 09:29 /dev/cd0
If I try to add cd to the list of devices, it claims it's not valid:
#mixer +rec cd
mixer: unknown recording device: cd
usage: mixer [-f device] [-s | -S] [dev [+|-][voll[:[+|-]volr]] ...
mixer [-f device] [-s | -S] recsrc ...
mixer [-f device] [-s | -S] {^|+|-|=}rec rdev ...
devices: vol, pcm, line, mic, mix, rec, igain, ogain
rec devices: line, mic, mix
The /dev/cd0 device is the SCSI translated device which does
perform the same purpose as /dev/acd0, except that it's not
using the ATAPI command set, but the SCSI command set.
See man 4 cd and man 4 acd for comparison.
What is the source for the mix device?
I tried upping it to 50% but still no sound.
If I remember correctly, mix is the combined input of all
input channels.
man snd shows a boatload of possible bridge drivers, but kldstat only shows
a few loaded:
%kldstat -v | grep sound\|snd\|pcm
252 uaudio/ua_pcm
250 sound
249 pci/snd_hda
248 hdac/snd_hda_pcm
247 pci/snd_via8233
246 pci/snd_ich
245 pci/snd_es137x
This mobo has an ALC892 codec.
dmesg shows:
hdac0: ATI (Unknown) High Definition Audio
Re: Audio CD issue -- most everything but noise ASUS M4A89TD mobo
On Thu, 31 May 2012 14:43:27 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: On 05/31/12 12:56, Polytropon wrote: Still, there _is_ a way of a workaround which is so ugly and partially stupid that I fear to mention it. You need a cable, 2 x 3.5mm stereo jack, which you connect from the front connector of the CD drive to the line-in connector on the back of your machine (the main baord's line-in connector, typically colored light blue). I didn't say anything! :-) Quality sucks though. Impedance and level mismatch would be the typical reason for this. But basically, it's not _much_ worse than using an internal analog connection. Okay, this means the mixer doesn't even have a CD audio mixer channel. If I remember correctly, this channel is directly associated to the internal audio connector which is _not_ present in your system. You mean a cd mixer channel for digital audio only shows up if there is a physical analog audio input??? Oh god, I hope not! If that's the problem, is there any way to force it? I really have no idea how digital audio output is actually represented in the mixer. The mixer program will allow you to manipulate the levels of channels that are reported by the mixer driver (which in turn accesses the sound hardware); if the sound card doesn't report to have CD audio, the corresponding item won't be available. Additionally, I'm not sure if forcing a CD audio output (no idea how, maybe by changing the driver's source code?) could affect digital CD audio because even though they serve the same purpose, they are not related in wires. Otherwise, I'm doa without some kind of kernal patch? It's hard to imagine no-one else has had this problem... As I said, that topic has been on this list before. A possible way would be to use cdparanoia or something like that to extract the data digitally, and then play it; then also means in a pipe. No real solution, I admit. The /dev/cd0 device is the SCSI translated device which does perform the same purpose as /dev/acd0, except that it's not using the ATAPI command set, but the SCSI command set. See man 4 cd and man 4 acd for comparison. No acd in 9.0. But I see what you're saying. Correct - the ATAPI subsystem has been merged into the new system where /dev/cd0 is used. Still there seem to be problems regarding cdcontrol (which accesses the ATAPI command set, if I remember correctly), as well as the direct access to audio CD tracks, such as the formerly present /dev/acd0t01 = track 1. You can also check the content of /dev/sndstat.. % cat /dev/sndstat FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 32bit 2009061500/i386) Installed devices: pcm0: HDA VIA VT1708_8 PCM #0 Analog (play/rec) default pcm1: HDA VIA VT1708_8 PCM #1 Analog (rec) pcm2: HDA VIA VT1708_8 PCM #2 Digital (play). %cat /dev/sndstat FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 64bit 2009061500/amd64) Installed devices: pcm0: HDA ATI R6xx HDMI PCM #0 HDMI (play) pcm1: HDA Realtek ALC892 PCM #0 Analog (play/rec) default pcm2: HDA Realtek ALC892 PCM #1 Analog (play/rec) pcm3: HDA Realtek ALC892 PCM #2 Digital (play) pcm4: HDA Realtek ALC892 PCM #3 Digital (play) Do you maybe also have multiple mixer devices associated? Check % ls /dev/mixer* and you can see their individual states with % mixer -f /dev/mixer0 % mixer -f /dev/mixer1 % mixer -f /dev/mixer2 and so on. I presume the ...Analog (rec) on yours is the missing analog input. There are in fact several analog input channels, such as the microphone (3.5mm mono connector) and line in (3.5mm stereo connector). Additionally there are connectors on the front of the box. In other cases where I've seen such configurations, they correspond to different mixer channels or even to different mixers. I'm _not_ sure I've seen an internal CD audio connector in this particular machine, at least I'm not intendedly using one. For comparison, I have 3 mixer devices with those entries: % mixer -f /dev/mixer0 Mixer vol is currently set to 95:95 Mixer pcm is currently set to 50:50 Mixer line is currently set to 0:0 Mixer mic is currently set to 0:0 Mixer cd is currently set to 0:0 === shoule be the one Mixer rec is currently set to 0:0 Mixer igainis currently set to 0:0 Mixer monitor is currently set to 0:0 Recording source: mic % mixer -f /dev/mixer1 Mixer rec is currently set to 75:75 Mixer monitor is currently set to 75:75 Recording source: monitor % mixer -f /dev/mixer2 Mixer vol is currently set to 75:75 Mixer pcm is currently set to 75:75 Hmmm. Neither mine nor yours shows any ...Digital (rec). Should I expect one if things were working properly? Probably not, if the inclusion of cd is just triggered by the analog input
Re: Can't get irc/inspircd to build, any clues?
On Mon, 28 May 2012 04:30:14 -0400, Howard Leadmon wrote: Does anyone know if the irc/inspircd port for FreeBSD works?I have tried it on an FBSD 9 server, as well as an older version of the FreeBSD with the same results. If I try and run make the build the port, I get the following error: # make === Building for inspircd-2.0.5 make: cannot open BSDmakefile. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/irc/inspircd. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/irc/inspircd. # I figure maybe someone has gotten this to build, so figured I would toss it out here as using my googlefu I found years ago someone posting the same problem, but never found any resolution. Just tried very carefully, all steps seem to work fine (OS 8.2-STABLE/x86 of August 2011 here, ports tree not fully up to date, so port version is just 2.0.2): # make config # make fetch # make extract # make I interrupted the make stage as everything seemed to compile normally. As I said, the installation here is already a bit old, but I hesitate to update anything because, you know, never touch a running system. :-) Make sure your ports tree is okay. The file mentioned in the error message should be extracted intowork/: /usr/ports/irc/inspircd/work/InspIRCd-2.0.2/BSDmakefile. Do a make clean before you try again. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Can't get irc/inspircd to build, any clues?
On Mon, 28 May 2012 08:41:44 -0400, Howard Leadmon wrote: I just took a look and granted I was on version 2.0.5 (I am also on amd64, so not x86) and there is no /usr/ports/irc/inspircd/work/InspIRCd-2.0.2/BSDmakefile present at that path. So I then went to the inspircd.org site and downloaded both the 2.0.5 and 2.0.2 archives, and again I see no BSDmakefile. I don't see any FreeBSD sources on their download page, https://github.com/inspircd/inspircd/downloads. I think it's the usual Linux source packages (haven't looked in detail, I admit). Is there some command that is called, or something performed that creates this BSDmakefile?? If so, maybe on amd64 this isn't working. Erm... just to get that right: You are _not_ using the sources obtained via ports collection, instead you try to compile Linux source code? That won't work. FreeBSD != Linux. Linux sources typically don't compile. That's why applications need to be ported, that's what is in the ports collection. You should _never_ need to download stuff from the web. First check your /usr/ports/irc/inspircd/Makefile. It should indicate version 2.0.5. Then do # make clean to make sure there's nothing unusual left. Then go step by step. First check if the sources will be obtained correctly: # make fetch Then extract the sources: # make extract The sources will also be checked for a checksum match, this makes sure the obtained sources are good. The file /usr/ports/irc/inspircd/work/InspIRCd-2.0.5/BSDmakefile should now be present. As a next step, set your options: # make config And if this has worked, you can actually start to build from that sources: # make If done, install it: # make install By the way, using a port management tool would have the same effect, it's just more comfortable, but offers less step by step diagnostics. A command like # portmaster irc/inspircd would install from source. Note that the port management tool would call all the required steps automatically. I suggested the step by step method only to see where the problem occurs (because there are more than one point that can go wrong). If everything fails, just try to install from a precompiled binary package: # pkg_add -r inspircd Maybe such a package is present (haven't checked). I hope I didn't misunderstand you, but allow me to repeat: You cannot use Linux sources with the ports collection. The ports collection has automated fetching, extracting, configuring and building mechanisms. You should use them. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: pwd_mkdb: /etc/master.passwd: Inappropriate file type or format
On Mon, 28 May 2012 08:44:46 -0500, Antonio Olivares wrote: I have copied the file master.passwd.bak from /var/backups/ into /etc/ and it still does not work. I cannot get around this error. You have to make sure /etc/passwd and /etc/master.passwd have the same content (just that they differ in passwords and in file permissions). The database files /etc/(s)pwd.db will be created from those files by the pwd_mkdb command. This of course requires root access (which I assume you have made sure). Is there a way to fix it via livecd/livedvd, or can I copy it from another machine and resync it? You can use the files (_both_ files!) from before starting the dbus installation. Regenerate the databases with the pwd_mkdb command. Or do I just flat install FreeBSD again and be done with it? That is possible, but should be your last option. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: library search path
On Mon, 28 May 2012 23:11:26 +0900, fake fake wrote: To install tmux under $HOME/bin, I have installed libevent library under $HOME/lib (I do not have root privilege). Then set the variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH to $HOME/lib in .cshrc. But ./configure --prefix=$HOME in src/tmux returns configure: error: libevent not found. What am I doing wrong? Note that you need to _add_ $HOME/lib to $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (and check that it's expanded correctly). Do you have access to the ports tree (reading)? Then you could simply redefine $WRKDIRPREFIX to where you can compile, and $PREFIX to where you can install to. See man 7 ports for details. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: sendmail, masquerading, exposed root?
On Mon, 28 May 2012 12:49:43 +0100, Anton Shterenlikht wrote: If I leave the root exposed, the From field looks e.g. r...@mech-anton240.men.bris.ac.uk, which is rejected by the university mailer, because it has no knowledge of this address. You should be able to use sendmail's masquerading features. For example to be configured in the correct .mc file: FEATURE(always_add_domain) FEATURE(`masquerade_entire_domain') FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope') FEATURE(`allmasquerade') MASQUERADE_AS(`bris.ac.uk') MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(`bris.ac.uk.') MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost) MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain) That should turn r...@mech-anton240.men.bris.ac.uk into r...@bris.ac.uk if that's okay for you. If you change root's name field in the passwd database (use chsh), you could add a specific machine name so you'll easily see from which root account you're receiving messages, e. g. From: mech-anton240.men root r...@bris.ac.uk To: You where.you.wanna@your.root.mail.to Subject: mech-anton240.men.bris.ac.uk security run output ... and so on ... That's no big problem as you're not going to reply to that address. (If you had to, setting Reply-To: would surely help.) Or you could use /etc/mail/aliases to redirect root to a different mail address. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: pwd_mkdb: /etc/master.passwd: Inappropriate file type or format
On Mon, 28 May 2012 11:51:23 -0500, Antonio Olivares wrote: I have run the command as root user # pwd_mkdb -d /etc/master.passwd Looks wrong; the parameter -d is -d directory, explained as Store databases into specified destination directory instead of /etc. The coorect command should be # pwd_mkdb /etc/master.passwd See man pwd_mkdb for details. but it fails with a pam_auth() or I can't remember exact error message, I will need to run command and post the exact error message here :( Some file access error would be possible. Either do this, or install a desktop which does not depend on devel/dbus package(s). The dbus port is often used to enhance functionality, but it's not entirely required to run KDE, Gnome or Xfce (to name the big three). Just make sure X is compiled without it. Maybe some functionality might be missing, but if you don't depend on it... as for just automount, FreeBSD has a native solution that worked even before HAL and DBUS. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Portmaster Fetch
On Mon, 28 May 2012 23:12:31 +0200, Silvio Siefke wrote: Hello, is there a chance that portmaster can be only fetch all Source which need update? I mean make fetch-recursiv has helped in the ports collection, when i think right, but can portmaster that with all packages they need update? Is portmaster -n (run through all steps, but do not make or install any ports) what you need? Maybe see man portmaster for more details. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: font sizes in xfce 4.10
On Sun, 27 May 2012 22:20:43 -0500, Antonio Olivares wrote: Dear folks, I forgot to ask in same thread. Apologize in advance :( The font sizes have changed giving very tiny size, it was not like in 4.8.3 XFCE. Will resetting xfce to pristine state(default) restore these? or do I have to figure out another way to fix this? Depends. If you remove the user's ~/-xfce4 setting directory, they should go back to the defaults. But what are the defaults? Maybe those are already too small. As Xfce 4 is a Gtk+ application, you can try a general override of fonts with a ~/.gtkrc-2.0, containing gtk-font-name=Tahoma 12 as an example to override. You can also change your display's DPI (depending on if you're using a CRT or LCD) in X's configuration file. I'd say the best way is to load Xfce 4 with its defaults, then alter them using its configuration tools, which will result in a different user configuration in the ~/.xfce4 directory. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: font sizes in xfce 4.10
On Sun, 27 May 2012 23:53:03 -0500, Antonio Olivares wrote: I believe that I have found a way to fix the issue. The problem was the DPI, the fonts are the same size. Now everything seems to be normal :) I vistited the online tour http://www.xfce.org/about/tour Then clicked on the application finder, appearance, then clicked on DPI and raised the number to 96 did not see what it was though. Thanks Polytropon for your valuable help and suggestions. I actually had a similar problem with the fonts in many Gtk and Gtk+ applications, so I changed the DPI value for the whole X system by defining Option DPI 96 x 96 in Section Device for your graphics card. You can also let X determine the DPI value automatically by entering DisplaySize 410 305 in Section Monitor for your monitor; units are in mm. To try which resolution fits best, you can use the followng commands: % xinit -- -dpi 72 % xinit -- -dpi 75 % xinit -- -dpi 96 % xinit -- -dpi 100 % xinit -- -dpi 115 If you're using a LCD panel, it should be obvious and match the real hardware parameters. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: automating menu options in ports (and other ports build questions)
On Thu, 24 May 2012 23:55:17 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: 5. It looks like the options which show up using sysinstall are from the OPTIONS variable in the Makefile. Excuse me, where exactly do you see compile-time options in the sysinstall program? I know it can select and install packages, but PORTS? What I mean is the OPTIONS variable is what shows up when make config is done (now that I understand it a little better) The menu functionality is provided by the ncurses-based dialog program and defined in /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk line 5953 +/- (version 1.692 here). Unfortunately, lots-o-computers but only one screen :-( I know this situation very well. One just _cannot_ be familiar with all the many option names (that sometimes just sound like logorrhea) and that make _no_ sense unless you know what they mean. There are names where the meaning can be concluded, and so the question Do I need it? can be answered; sadly that's not always the case, especially when dealing with modern software and their partially ridiculous naming habits. Or is this a documentation project in the offing? I would welcome a kind of text file that lists all the strange names with a short description of what they are and what you need them for, being more informative than the short one liners in the options dialog. Can someone point me at the code that puts up the menu? See /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk as mentioned above. The dialog program also offers some examples which belong to the base system, see /usr/share/examples/dialog, and of course see man dialog. -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: automating menu options in ports (and other ports build questions)
On Thu, 24 May 2012 23:56:02 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: Is there a way to find out what options a package is built with? I don't think so. A package is just an archive containing truncated subtrees such as bin/, lib/ or man/ of the compiled programs, ready for install into the /usr/local directory. It also contains data files such as +COMMENT, +CONTENTS, +DESC and +MTREE_DIRS. However, if you have installed from a port, the options you have set will be stored in /var/db/ports/name/options. I haven't tested yet if a package that _has_ adjustable options (which obviously have already been adjusted) would create such a directory and file, but I assume it does not, as it seems obvious that those are handled by the port building mechanisms (which aren't in use when you pkg_add something). -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Cloud software ?
On Fri, 25 May 2012 12:11:43 -0600 (MDT), Warren Block wrote: On Fri, 25 May 2012, Frank Bonnet wrote: Well ... in short I need to let our users ( students + profs ) access and share their data ( living in their UNIX home directories ) The access must be easy and possible from as much devices as possible. Am I clear enough ? ( sorry English is not my native language ...) Access is still a bit vague, but security/openvpn may be part of the answer: http://openvpn.net/index.php/open-source.html Some months ago, I read about an in-browser implementation of VNC (if I remember correctly), but I didn't store the link. Maybe that is an inspiration? Simple solution for simple people: People love web browsers, and the web is everywhere. So why deal with OS-specific access methods when all they need is a web browser, which is a solution they'll prefer anyway? There are also SSH clients written in Java or JavaScript. Together with webmail, web-based collaboration services and web-based storage concepts, why not add this to the mix? I know, attack vector, security hole, slow, unhandy and accessibility very limited to what the browser can do (both on input and output), but isn't that what people believe in? Don't disturb their circles, just give them what they pray for, a cloud... a shiny foggy cloud... :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: Cloud software ?
On Fri, 25 May 2012 09:47:24 -0700, Chip Camden wrote: $ man -k cloud http://dilbert.com/strips/comic/2012-05-25 Very nice, but please compare: http://xkcd.com/908/ :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: removing /var/empty on a non-system disk
On Fri, 25 May 2012 14:04:50 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: something I'm not seeing I've got a disk previously used as a sys disk I'm trying to clean up. What's the key to removing /var/empty? 280 /hd1/var#sysctl kern.securelevel kern.securelevel: -1 281 /hd1/var#ls -l total 4 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 3 00:55 empty 282 /hd1/var#chflags noschg empty 283 /hd1/var#chmod 777 empty chmod: empty: Operation not permitted 284 /hd1/var#rmdir empty rmdir: empty: Operation not permitted Interesting, I just tried this on my home system (FreeBSD 8.2-STABLE) and it worked as intended. I did use the exact commands, same securelevel. Use the -o option for ls (ls -lo) to check on the effect of chflags and chmod. Without eexamining this behaviour in more detail, how about this approach? Unmount the former system disk and newfs it? That should solve the problem. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: removing /var/empty on a non-system disk
On Fri, 25 May 2012 15:04:50 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: On 05/25/12 14:21, Polytropon wrote: On Fri, 25 May 2012 14:04:50 -0600, Gary Aitken wrote: something I'm not seeing I've got a disk previously used as a sys disk I'm trying to clean up. What's the key to removing /var/empty? 280 /hd1/var#sysctl kern.securelevel kern.securelevel: -1 281 /hd1/var#ls -l total 4 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 3 00:55 empty 282 /hd1/var#chflags noschg empty 283 /hd1/var#chmod 777 empty chmod: empty: Operation not permitted 284 /hd1/var#rmdir empty rmdir: empty: Operation not permitted Interesting, I just tried this on my home system (FreeBSD 8.2-STABLE) and it worked as intended. I did use the exact commands, same securelevel. Use the -o option for ls (ls -lo) to check on the effect of chflags and chmod. Just found it, something I forgot about a long time ago... I was running under su logged in as my normal user. Had to back all the way out and log in as root. I should have mentioned that I did the (successful) test logging in as root (real console login). If you use su - or su root, the effect should be the same. You can always check the success of your operation with the ls -lo command. Without eexamining this behaviour in more detail, how about this approach? Unmount the former system disk and newfs it? That should solve the problem. :-) Thought about that, but I wanted to understand what was going on. Ignorance is never a good excuse. :-) True: IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH. :-) -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: How to rollback xorg to working tty switch
On Thu, 24 May 2012 06:45:06 -0500 (CDT), Lars Eighner wrote: I need to rollback x.org to a point that tty switching worked. I'm dead in the water when stuck in x.org. Maybe putting Option DontVTSwitch false in Section ServerFlags or /etc/X11/xorg.conf helps? -- Polytropon Magdeburg, Germany Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ... ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
