argparse 1.0 - Command-line parsing library
=== Announcing argparse 1.0 === The argparse module provides an easy, declarative interface for creating command line tools, which knows how to: * parse the arguments and flags from sys.argv * convert arg strings into objects for your program * format and print informative help messages * and much more... The argparse module improves on the standard library optparse module in a number of ways including: * handling positional arguments * supporting sub-commands * allowing alternative option prefixes like + and / * handling zero-or-more and one-or-more style arguments * producing more informative usage messages * providing a much simpler interface for custom types and actions Download argparse = The argparse homepage has links for source, MSI and single file distributions of argparse: http://code.google.com/p/argparse/ About this release == This release includes a number of new features: * Support for Python versions 2.3 through 3.1. No need to run 2to3 or anything like that -- the argparse source code is both fully 2.X and 3.X compatible. * ``ArgumentParser`` grew a ``parse_known_args`` method which works like ``parse_args`` but collects unrecognized arguments into a list instead of raising an exception * The ``ArgumentParser`` constructor accepts a new parameter for reading additional arguments from files. For example, ``fromfile_prefix_chars='@'`` means that arguments like `...@file`` should be replaced by the arguments read from the given file. * A new formatter class, ``ArgumentsDefaultHelpFormatter`` is available, which will automatically add ``(default: %(default)s)`` to all argument help messages * The ``metavar`` parameter to ``add_argument`` now accepts a tuple of strings in additional to a single string so that more than one name can be specified. * The ``add_subparsers`` method now accepts ``title`` and ``description`` parameters which will cause it to display like an argument group in help messages. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Re: Distinguishing active generators from exhausted ones
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sun, 26 Jul 2009 20:10:00 -0400, Terry Reedy wrote: Michal Kwiatkowski wrote: The thing is I don't need the next item. I need to know if the generator has stopped without invoking it. Write a one-ahead iterator class, which I have posted before, that sets .exhausted to True when next fails. And hope that the generator doesn't have side-effects... If run to exhastion, the same number of side-effects happen. The only difference is that they each happen once step happpen sooner. For reading a file that is irrelevant. Much else, and the iterator is not just an iterator. tjr -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: missing 'xor' Boolean operator
greg wrote: Terry Reedy wrote: In Math and Python, abc means ab and bc, not (ab)c or a(bc). != is a comparison operator like , Although Python extends the chaining principle to !=, this is somewhat questionable, because a b and b c implies a c, but a != b and b != c does not imply a != c. I'm not sure I've ever seen a mathematician write a != b != c, but if I did, I would tend to think he meant to say that none of a, b, c are equal to any other. That's not what it means in Python, though. However, == is transitive, and a == b == c is quite common. It would hardly do to have different rules for !=. Either we have a uniform rule for a compare_op b compare_ob c, as we do, or we have several fussy rules that would be hard to remember. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Distinguishing active generators from exhausted ones
On Mon, 27 Jul 2009 02:02:19 -0400, Terry Reedy wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sun, 26 Jul 2009 20:10:00 -0400, Terry Reedy wrote: Michal Kwiatkowski wrote: The thing is I don't need the next item. I need to know if the generator has stopped without invoking it. Write a one-ahead iterator class, which I have posted before, that sets .exhausted to True when next fails. And hope that the generator doesn't have side-effects... If run to exhastion, the same number of side-effects happen. The only difference is that they each happen once step happpen sooner. For reading a file that is irrelevant. Much else, and the iterator is not just an iterator. I believe the OP specifically said he needs to detect whether or not an iterator is exhausted, without running it to exhaustion, so you shouldn't assume that the generator has been exhausted. When it comes to side-effects, timing matters. For example, a generator which cleans up after it has run (deleting temporary files, closing sockets, etc.) will leave the environment in a different state if run to exhaustion than just before exhaustion. Even if you store the final result in a one-ahead class, you haven't saved the environment, and that may be significant. (Of course, it's possible that it isn't significant. Not all differences make a difference.) The best advice is, try to avoid side-effects, especially in generators. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python function for retrieving key and encryption
On Jul 23, 5:48 pm, Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl wrote:
jayshree jayshree06c...@gmail.com (j) wrote:
j On Jul 21, 8:59 pm, Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl wrote:
The recipient_public_key.pem file is the public key of the recipient
which means the person that is going to receive the encrypted message.
You should get it from the recipient him/herself or from some key store
where s/he has deposited it.
[...]
j error coming like - IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:
j 'recipient_public_key.pem'
j Is this not the inbuilt file.
j How should i create such type of file.
You don't create it. See above. If you understand what is is you know
why it can't be builtin. If you don't understand it is better if you
first learn about OpenSSL, otherwise you run the risk to make serious
errors.
If you are just experimenting to create a message for yourself then you
have to create the public key because you are then the recipient
yourself. That has been answered
onhttp://stackoverflow.com/questions/1169798/m2crypto-package
--
Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl
URL:http://pietvanoostrum.com[PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4]
Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org
import M2Crypto
from M2Crypto import RSA,SSL
def encrypt():
pk = open('my_key.public.pem', 'rb').read()
rsa = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key(pk) #return a M2Crypto.RSA.RSA_pub
object.
plaintext = 4545479545655576767767686688782344
msg = rsa.public_encrypt(plaintext,RSA.pkcs1_padding)
print msg;
encrypt()
This is code i am refering.
The Problem is coming with .pem file.
I also asked this questions at
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1176864/problem-with-the-pem-file-closed
which has not been answered .
please help me out
thanks
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Re: Help understanding the decisions *behind* python? - immutable objects
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sun, 26 Jul 2009 11:24:48 -0700, John Nagle wrote: An interesting issue is Python objects, which are always mutable. A dict of Python objects is allowed, but doesn't consider the contents of the objects, just their identity (address). Only built-in types are immutable; one cannot create a class of immutable objects. Yes you can, for some definition of can: http://northernplanets.blogspot.com/2007/01/immutable-instances-in-python.html Admittedly pure Python objects are only cooperatively immutable. Right. I've been thinking about this as a way of improving concurrency handling. The general idea is that objects shared across threads would have to be either be immutable or synchronized. Regular objects would be limited to a single thread. It's a path to multithread programs without a global lock. Needs more work to become a serious proposal. (It may not be worth the trouble; a few years ago we were hearing about how 64-core CPUs were going to become mainstream, but instead, the industry is going in the direction of the same compute power for less money and with less power consumption.) John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problem in PyArg_ParseTuple on python 2.5.2 with AIX
Hi,
I am facing a problem using PyArg_ParseTuple() in my C-API
extension. Here is a small repro of the function:
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
SQLUSMALLINT param_no = 0;
PyObject *py_obj = NULL;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, Oi, py_obj, param_no)){
return NULL;
}
printf(%d\n, param_no);
return NULL;
}
This function works fine and prints the correct value passed
(param_no) when I test it on Linux or Windows. However, it always
prints 0 (initial value defined in function) when I run it on AIX.
I think the problem is with Oi argument, if I replace that with OO
and specifically convert it integer/sqlsmallint. It works fine on AIX,
but I want to use i and not O.
Any ideas on what is the reason behind the problem and how to fix
this?
Thanks,
Abhigyan
--
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open a file in python
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
Please tell me how to open a file placed in any directory or in same
directory.
After opening this file i want to use the contain (public key ) for
encryption
thanks
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: web page retrieve problems
On Jul 26, 8:57 am, golu bhardwajjaye...@gmail.com wrote: the following function retrieves pages from the web and saves them in a specified dir. i want to extract the respective filenames from the urls e.g the page code.google.com shud be saved as code-google.htm or something similar. can u suggest me a way to do it Try with urllib.urlretrieve from standard lib: urllib.urlretrieve(url[, filename[, reporthook[, data]]])¶ Copy a network object denoted by a URL to a local file, if necessary. If the URL points to a local file, or a valid cached copy of the object exists, the object is not copied. Return a tuple (filename, headers) where filename is the local file name under which the object can be found, and headers is whatever the info() method of the object returned by urlopen() returned (for a remote object, possibly cached). Exceptions are the same as for urlopen(). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: open a file in python
On Mon, Jul 27, 2009 at 12:58 PM, jayshreejayshree06c...@gmail.com wrote:
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
Please tell me how to open a file placed in any directory or in same
directory.
After opening this file i want to use the contain (public key ) for
encryption
Does the code you've put into your message not read that file? If you
get an exception, copy-paste in the traceback message you get into
your mail.
--
kushal
--
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Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
Dotan Cohen dotanco...@gmail.com (DC) wrote: DC Referring to this article: DC http://math-blog.com/2009/07/20/complex-algorithm-research-and-development-harder-than-many-think/ DC The author, who is specifically looking for math-related functions, writes: DC DC The dream algorithm RD tool would be similar to Matlab or Mathematica DC but could be compiled to fast, efficient binaries similar to ANSI C DC and would be available for all platforms. An integrated GUI builder DC similar to Visual Basic and integrated network support would be DC helpful. DC DC It looks to me like he is looking for Python. No fast, efficient binaries yet, and no integrated GUI builder. -- Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[no subject]
(Re: urllib2.URLError: urlopen error unknown url type: 'http error using twill with python) how can i change url/http://... - Sent by a Cricket mobile device - -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[no subject]
(Re: urllib2.URLError: urlopen error unknown url type: 'http error using twill with python) - Sent by a Cricket mobile device - -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
SEC doc parsing
I am looking for any parsing routines (written in python), for Security Exchange Commision (SEC) documents. These documents are on the SEC's EDGAR system (at ftp://ftp.sec.gov ) and I am especially interested in insider trading files known as Forms 3,4 and 5. _ NEW mobile Hotmail. Optimized for YOUR phone. Click here. http://windowslive.com/Mobile?ocid=TXT_TAGLM_WL_CS_MB_new_hotmail_072009-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: invoke method on many instances
In article mailman.3747.1248642434.8015.python-l...@python.org, Gabriel Genellina gagsl-...@yahoo.com.ar wrote: Ok, if you insist... NLMPI = Ni La Más Puta Idea. IHNFI = I Have No Fucking Idea. Thanks! -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Many customs in this life persist because they ease friction and promote productivity as a result of universal agreement, and whether they are precisely the optimal choices is much less important. --Henry Spencer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how can a child thread notify a parent thread its status?
could i see an example of this maybe? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Shed Skin 0.2, an experimental (restricted) Python-to-C++ compiler
Bearophile wrote: Was this link, shown by William, not enough? http://hg.flibuste.net/libre/games/cheval/file/46797c3a5136/chevalx.pyx#l1 Yes, sorry, I posted too soon. -- Greg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Computation/E-mail Expert opinions?
scribio_vide schrieb: MAIL From: tomm...@centrum.sk From: tommy02 tomm...@centrum.sk To: MeAmI me...@vzw.blackberry.net Subject: I AM LOOKING FORWARD TO YOUR ANSWER ON THIS ISSUE Date: Fri, 24 Jul 09 11:52:27 Pacific Daylight Time MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed;boundary= =_NextPart_000_008C_8F228C8E.684AAFEA X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2462. X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2462. --=_NextPart_000_008C_8F228C8E.684AAFEA Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 snip/ ZXRtYWlsLmNvbQ0KICAgIA== --=_NextPart_000_008C_8F228C8E.684AAFEA-- Any ides why I this came to be in my inbox? It is either an extremely dangerous virus - or an utterly harmless, but annoying base64-encoded spam-mail, given the subject. None of the possibilities justifies a post to *three* newsgroups. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How can I get the line number ?
Maxim, Thank you so much. I will try right now. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Adding method from one class to another class or to instance of another class
Thanks for your responses. im_func is all I need. I considered subclassing, wchih is more easy to extend, but I needed some quick way to add a method to another class. Regards, Marek -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Itext for Python
On Sun, Jul 26, 2009 at 11:52 PM, Santhosh Kumar santhosh.vku...@gmail.comwrote: Hi all, One of my cousin suggested me to do a IText PDF converter for python. Actually I heard that there is no separate IText converter either we have to go for jython or GCJ with wrapper. Instead of wrapping, my plan is to create a separate module with Python and I am thinking of doing this in as my final year project also. Kindly give me your suggestion. As for as i know, no pure python module exists for iText PDF generator, where iText seems to be a standard one for PDF related works.There are some other modules for pdf work but might not be as standard as iText.Surely some senior programmers will suggest you better way to proceed further. With anticipation, SanthoshVKumar. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- Yours, S.Selvam -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I generate dia diagrams from python source code?
Qauzzix wrote: Greetings. Since I have been using dia to make my UML diagrams. I also found an util named dia2code that generates python code from dia diagram. Now that I have that option I really want to find a way to generate dia diagram from existing code and/or maintain my diagrams. I have been googling like crazy trying to find a way but with no luck. Anyone here know how to do this? Peace, - Jakob Sv. Bjarnason Hi. There is this utility called autodia. http://www.aarontrevena.co.uk/opensource/autodia/ I think it does what you want. It is written in perl. It can read several languages and outputs dia diagrams. BTW, I found it by going to dia2code homepage and then to its links page. It is listed in there. -- Vesa -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Globalize all variables in function without knowing names.
Dictionaries are fundamental to Python and very useful. Not learning about them before starting to write code is like not learning about the accelerator pedal before starting to drive a car. Heh, I just looked at the actual tutorial for Dictionaries and I have to say they are very useful. Basically just arrays with strings(or any other data type, except lists) instead of numbers. I'll work on trying to integrate them into my language code as, like you said, user data... Then when a user requests a variable it just accessess the dictionary, that should work. Thanks! This is easier than I thought. Have you done the tutorial? I did the first few sections, and then flipped back to it later on to find out what I needed to know as I coded applications. A bad idea, in retrospect, particilary as it slowed down my coding time alot. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: If Scheme is so good why MIT drops it?
On Sunday 26 July 2009 21:26:46 David Robinow wrote: I'm a mediocre programmer. Does this mean I should switch to PHP? I have searched, but I can find nothing about this mediocre language. Could you tell us more? - Hendrik -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: missing 'xor' Boolean operator
On Jul 27, 1:53 am, Delaney, Timothy (Tim) tdela...@avaya.com wrote: Mark Dickinson wrote: Since the 'and' and 'or' already return objects (and objects evaluate to true or false), then 'xor' should behave likewise, IMO. I expect that would be the case if it were ever added to the language. I'm not so sure. Did you ever wonder why the any() and all() functions introduced in 2.5 return a boolean rather than returning one of their arguments? (I did, and I'm still not sure what the answer is.) Consider the case of any() and all() operating on an empty iterable. What type should they return? It is impossible in the case of any() and all() to always return one of the elements due to this edge case. Yes, of course; the alternative implementation I was thinking of was the one that I implemented eons ago for my own pre-2.5 code, where I defined any and all roughly as: any([x1, x2, x3, ...]) - False or x1 or x2 or x3 or ... all([x1, x2, x3, ...]) - True and x1 and x2 and x3 and ... At the time this seemed like the obvious choice, so I was a bit surprised when it was chosen to always return a bool instead in the official versions. Now that I'm older and wise^H^H^H^H, well, maybe just older, the pure bool version seems cleaner and less error-prone, even if it's mildly inconsistent with the behaviour of and and or. Mark -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem in PyArg_ParseTuple on python 2.5.2 with AIX
On Jul 27, 5:11 pm, abhi abhigyan_agra...@in.ibm.com wrote:
Hi,
I am facing a problem using PyArg_ParseTuple() in my C-API
extension. Here is a small repro of the function:
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
SQLUSMALLINT param_no = 0;
Sorry, my crystal ball is on the fritz. What is SQLUSMALLINT on
Windows/Linux/AIX?
What does
printf(%d %d %d\n, sizeof(SQLUSMALLINT), sizeof(int), sizeof
(long));
give you on each platform?
PyObject *py_obj = NULL;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, Oi, py_obj, param_no)){
return NULL;
}
printf(%d\n, param_no);
return NULL;
}
This function works fine and prints the correct value passed
(param_no) when I test it on Linux or Windows. However, it always
prints 0 (initial value defined in function) when I run it on AIX.
Consider that 0 could have been plucked out of the air and has nothing
to do with the initial value of param_no. Try initialising it to
something distinctive, like 0xfedcba98. Use %08x format in the printf
rather than %d.
I think the problem is with Oi argument, if I replace that with OO
and specifically convert it integer/sqlsmallint. It works fine on AIX,
but I want to use i and not O.
Any ideas on what is the reason behind the problem and how to fix
this?
I jump-started the crystal ball from the over-head tram wire and saw
this: SQLSMALLINT is 16 bits on all platforms, int/long is 32 bits
on all platforms, first 2 are little-endian, AIX is bigendian, the i
format expects SIGNED int /long, so param_no is getting (win:x,
linux:x, aix:0) and the next 16 bits in memory are getting trashed
with (win:0, linux:0, aix:x) (when x is your input smallish integer)
and luckily this trashing didn't cause a crash. You can receive the
result from the function in an int/long then have code to reject it if
it won't fit into a SQLUSMALLINT, and cast it otherwise. If you don't
care about overflow (NOT recommended), just use H format instead if
i format
Could be wrong, really shouldn't subject precision instruments to 415V
DC, only OPs :-)
N.B. to detect endianness : use print sys.byteorder
HTH,
John
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Re: open a file in python
On Jul 27, 1:09 pm, Kushal Kumaran kushal.kumaran+pyt...@gmail.com
wrote:
On Mon, Jul 27, 2009 at 12:58 PM, jayshreejayshree06c...@gmail.com wrote:
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
Please tell me how to open a file placed in any directory or in same
directory.
After opening this file i want to use the contain (public key ) for
encryption
Does the code you've put into your message not read that file? If you
get an exception, copy-paste in the traceback message you get into
your mail.
--
kushal
try:
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
except IOError:
print Error: can\'t find file or read data
else:
print reading from file successfully
Still no error it gives .what to do?
--
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Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
You can generate binaries using py2exe, and you can create UI using Tkinter (which is very easy) or wxPython (which have GUI builders) Mohammad Tayseer http://spellcoder.com/blogs/tayseer From: Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl To: python-list@python.org Sent: Monday, July 27, 2009 11:18:20 AM Subject: Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me. Dotan Cohen dotanco...@gmail.com (DC) wrote: DC Referring to this article: DC http://math-blog.com/2009/07/20/complex-algorithm-research-and-development-harder-than-many-think/ DC The author, who is specifically looking for math-related functions, writes: DC DC The dream algorithm RD tool would be similar to Matlab or Mathematica DC but could be compiled to fast, efficient binaries similar to ANSI C DC and would be available for all platforms. An integrated GUI builder DC similar to Visual Basic and integrated network support would be DC helpful. DC DC It looks to me like he is looking for Python. No fast, efficient binaries yet, and no integrated GUI builder. -- Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: open a file in python
jayshree wrote:
On Jul 27, 1:09 pm, Kushal Kumaran kushal.kumaran+pyt...@gmail.com
wrote:
On Mon, Jul 27, 2009 at 12:58 PM, jayshreejayshree06c...@gmail.com
wrote:
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
Please tell me how to open a file placed in any directory or in same
directory.
After opening this file i want to use the contain (public key ) for
encryption
Does the code you've put into your message not read that file? If you
get an exception, copy-paste in the traceback message you get into
your mail.
--
kushal
try:
pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
except IOError:
print Error: can\'t find file or read data
else:
print reading from file successfully
Still no error it gives .what to do?
Erm - so it doesn't give an error - which means you have successfully opened
a file, and read it's contents.
So what exactly is your problem?
Diez
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Call function from another class
Hi I'm trying to make an simple image viewer in wxPython and rotate an image with a slider. The code at Pastebin is striped down at bit. The class Frame(wx.Frame) is the main window, the function def CreateMenuBar (l. 39) creates a menu, where the function def onRotate (self,event): (l. 43) is called. The slider appear in at 2nd window, class rotationSlider(wx.Frame). My problem is what to do, when the Okay button is pressed in the rotationSlider frame. How to get the slider value to my main window and how to call a function to do the rotation. I tried something with a global variable, but it would make no difference regarding the function problem. Amongst the other things I've tried is to bind the event of the 2nd/slider window closing (l. 46), but no. Python code at Pastebin: http://pastebin.com/m7c24ec34 So some help on Classes and etc., would be appreciated. /Lars -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
_msi.Record object has no attribute 'GetString'
The documentation (http://docs.python.org/library/msilib.html#record-
objects) for msilib mentions the GetString() method on Record objects.
However, the following snippet :-
db = msilib.OpenDatabase(os.path.join(root, file),
msilib.MSIDBOPEN_READONLY)
view = db.OpenView('SELECT * FROM Property')
view.Execute(None)
r = view.Fetch()
print dir(r)
print r.GetString(0)
gives me this error :-
c:\python msi.py
['ClearData', 'GetFieldCount', 'SetInteger', 'SetStream', 'SetString',
__class__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__',
'__init__', '__new__', __reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__',
'__setattr__', '__str__']
Traceback (most recent call last):
File msi.py, line 18, in module
print r.GetString(0)
AttributeError: '_msi.Record' object has no attribute 'GetString'
Am I missing something?
Thank You,
Himanshu
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Re: Call function from another class
Lars wrote: Hi I'm trying to make an simple image viewer in wxPython and rotate an image with a slider. The code at Pastebin is striped down at bit. The class Frame(wx.Frame) is the main window, the function def CreateMenuBar (l. 39) creates a menu, where the function def onRotate (self,event): (l. 43) is called. The slider appear in at 2nd window, class rotationSlider(wx.Frame). My problem is what to do, when the Okay button is pressed in the rotationSlider frame. How to get the slider value to my main window and how to call a function to do the rotation. I tried something with a global variable, but it would make no difference regarding the function problem. Amongst the other things I've tried is to bind the event of the 2nd/slider window closing (l. 46), but no. Python code at Pastebin: http://pastebin.com/m7c24ec34 So some help on Classes and etc., would be appreciated. If I'm not mistaken, in doRotate you should be able to refer to the to-be-closed dialog via self.frameRotate Now if you change the sliderUpdate-code to store that angle instead of just letting it fall out of scope, you could access that value through frameRotate: def sliderUpdate(self, event): angle=self.slider.GetValue() ROTATION_ANGLE=angle self.angle = angle self.Destroy() def doRotate(self,event): Rotating image print self.frameRotate.angle Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem in PyArg_ParseTuple on python 2.5.2 with AIX
On Jul 27, 2:25 pm, John Machin sjmac...@lexicon.net wrote:
On Jul 27, 5:11 pm, abhi abhigyan_agra...@in.ibm.com wrote:
Hi,
I am facing a problem using PyArg_ParseTuple() in my C-API
extension. Here is a small repro of the function:
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
SQLUSMALLINT param_no = 0;
Sorry, my crystal ball is on the fritz. What is SQLUSMALLINT on
Windows/Linux/AIX?
What does
printf(%d %d %d\n, sizeof(SQLUSMALLINT), sizeof(int), sizeof
(long));
give you on each platform?
PyObject *py_obj = NULL;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, Oi, py_obj, param_no)){
return NULL;
}
printf(%d\n, param_no);
return NULL;
}
This function works fine and prints the correct value passed
(param_no) when I test it on Linux or Windows. However, it always
prints 0 (initial value defined in function) when I run it on AIX.
Consider that 0 could have been plucked out of the air and has nothing
to do with the initial value of param_no. Try initialising it to
something distinctive, like 0xfedcba98. Use %08x format in the printf
rather than %d.
I think the problem is with Oi argument, if I replace that with OO
and specifically convert it integer/sqlsmallint. It works fine on AIX,
but I want to use i and not O.
Any ideas on what is the reason behind the problem and how to fix
this?
I jump-started the crystal ball from the over-head tram wire and saw
this: SQLSMALLINT is 16 bits on all platforms, int/long is 32 bits
on all platforms, first 2 are little-endian, AIX is bigendian, the i
format expects SIGNED int /long, so param_no is getting (win:x,
linux:x, aix:0) and the next 16 bits in memory are getting trashed
with (win:0, linux:0, aix:x) (when x is your input smallish integer)
and luckily this trashing didn't cause a crash. You can receive the
result from the function in an int/long then have code to reject it if
it won't fit into a SQLUSMALLINT, and cast it otherwise. If you don't
care about overflow (NOT recommended), just use H format instead if
i format
Could be wrong, really shouldn't subject precision instruments to 415V
DC, only OPs :-)
N.B. to detect endianness : use print sys.byteorder
HTH,
John
Hi,
Thanks for the response. If I don't use SQLUSMALLINT and use int
instead, then also I see the same problem.
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
int param_no = 0;
}
This also prints out 0 for AIX and actual value passed in other
platforms. If I initialize param_no with some other value (e.g. 90),
it prints out that value.
-
Abhigyan
--
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Re: RSA cryptography between Python and Java
Paul Rubin http://phr...@nospam.invalid (PR) wrote:
PR Rob Knop rk...@pobox.com writes:
Are there any python libraries that will take a public key in this
format and do RSA encoding on it?
PR Try www.trevp.com/tlslite
I have looked into tlslite and found no easy way to do this. Maybe I
overlooked it. On the other hand with M2Crypto it isn't that hard.
However, M2Crypto wants to load keys in PEM format rather than the DER
format that the Java getEncoded() produces. It is not hard to convert
this to PEM format: just Base64 encode it and put a header and trailer
line around it. The conversion can be done with openssl or just on the
fly in the Python code.
Please note that the text to be encrypted must be smaller than the key
size (at least 11 bytes smaller). You shouldn't encrypt large data with
RSA anyway: it is too slow. Normally you would encrypt a session key
with RSA and encrypt the data with the session key using a symmetric
algorithms like AES.
Here is an example script:
If your OS doesn't have /dev/urandom you should probably seed OpenSSL's
PRNG to be more secure.
from M2Crypto import BIO, RSA
pubkey = open(pubkey.der, 'rb').read()
import base64
pubkey = base64.encodestring(pubkey)
pubkey = '-BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-\n' + pubkey + '-END PUBLIC KEY-'
bio = BIO.MemoryBuffer(pubkey)
rsa = RSA.load_pub_key_bio(bio)
plaintext = This is my secret text.
codetext = rsa.public_encrypt(plaintext, RSA.pkcs1_padding)
with open(codetext, 'wb') as out:
out.write(codetext)
The following Java program decodes this with the corresponding private
key:
import java.security.*;
import javax.crypto.*;
import java.security.spec.*;
import java.security.interfaces.*;
import java.io.*;
class Decrypt {
public static void main(String[] args) {
byte[] key = null;
try {
File file = new File(privkey.der);
FileInputStream keyfile = new FileInputStream(file);
key = new byte[(int)file.length()];
DataInputStream dis= new DataInputStream(keyfile);
dis.readFully(key);
dis.close();
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
System.out.println(Key file not found + e);
}
catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(Can't read key file + e);
}
byte[] codetext = null;
try {
File file = new File(codetext);
FileInputStream codefile = new FileInputStream(file);
codetext = new byte[(int)file.length()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(codefile);
dis.readFully(codetext);
dis.close();
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e)
{
System.out.println(Code file not found + e);
}
catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(Can't read code file + e);
}
try {
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec privSpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(key);
RSAPrivateKey rsakey = (RSAPrivateKey)
keyFactory.generatePrivate(privSpec);
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding);
c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, rsakey);
byte[] decrypted = c.doFinal(codetext);
System.out.println(Decrypted text:);
System.out.println(new String(decrypted));
}
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
System.out.println(Wrong Algorithm + e);
}
catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
System.out.println(Invalid key + e);
}
catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
System.out.println(Illegal block size + e);
}
catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
System.out.println(Illegal padding + e);
}
catch (BadPaddingException e) {
System.out.println(Bad padding + e);
}
catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
System.out.println(Invalid keyspec + e);
}
}
}
--
Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl
URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4]
Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Free hosting for open source Python projects
Hi All, If anyone is looking for somewhere to host their Python project / modules etc. for free, please get in touch with me. There of course are some restraints on disk space and bandwidth but they should be sufficient for most projects. Your project must be open source. You will have access to both Django or Plone/Zope(shared). No PHP etc - this is a Python only host. Unfortunately I can't host everyone but if I can't host your particular project now, I may be able to at a later stage. Please contact me at postmaster (at) pythonicity.co.uk. Our website is located at www.pythonicity.co.uk if you want to see what we do. Best Regards, Sean Kemplay -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Call function from another class
If I'm not mistaken, in doRotate you should be able to refer to the to-be-closed dialog via self.frameRotate Now if you change the sliderUpdate-code to store that angle instead of just letting it fall out of scope, you could access that value through frameRotate: def sliderUpdate(self, event): angle=self.slider.GetValue() ROTATION_ANGLE=angle self.angle = angle self.Destroy() def doRotate(self,event): Rotating image print self.frameRotate.angle Thanks for replying. If Bind is used in onRotate: def onRotate(self,event): Rotate image self.frameRotate = rotationSlider(parent=None, id=-1) self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE,self.doRotate, self.frameRotate.Destroy) self.frameRotate.Show() Then i get: Traceback (most recent call last): File viewer_sep.py, line 136, in onRotate self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE,self.doRotate, self.frameRotate.Destroy) File /usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/wx-2.6-gtk2-unicode/wx/ _core.py, line 3629, in Bind id = source.GetId() AttributeError: 'function' object has no attribute 'GetId' My experience with ID is setting it to -1. So I'm not sure if it is a wrong use of Bind or an wxPython error. /Lars -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: open a file in python
jayshree jayshree06c...@gmail.com (j) wrote:
j pk = open('/home/jayshree/my_key.public.pem' , 'rb').read()
By the way, a PEM file is a text file, no reason to open it in binary
mode. Just replace the 'rb' with 'r' or leave it out.
--
Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl
URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4]
Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org
--
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Re: ANN: psyco V2
Em Qui 16 Jul 2009, às 19:48:18, Christian Tismer escreveu: Announcing Psyco V2 source release -- This is the long awaited announcement of Psyco V2. Psyco V2 is a continuation of the well-known psyco project, which was called finished and was dis-continued by its author Armin Rigo in 2005, in favor of the PyPy project. This is a new project, using Psyco's code base with permission of Armin. Questions and complaints should go to me (tis...@stackless.com) or the mailing list (psyco-de...@lists.sourceforge.net); Armin is explicitly not in charge of (t)his project any longer! As one of the founders and an active member of the PyPy project, I was very happy to be invited to work on Psyco V2, by FATTOC, LLC. Psyco V2 tries to extend on the original Psyco approach an extension module that just makes Python faster. Psyco is a just-in-time compiler that accelerates arbitrary Python code by specialization. We believe that Psyco's approach can be carried out much further than it was tried so far, when it's first version was abandoned. This first V2 release is source-only. There is no web-site, yet, and there are no binaries for download. These will be available in a few days on http://www.psyco.org . For the time being, please stick with subversion access, building the extension module from source code. The repository is here: http://codespeak.net/svn/psyco/v2/dist Check-out the repository, and run the setup.py script, given that you have access to a C compiler. Psyco V2 will run on X86 based 32 bit Linux, 32 bit Windows, and Mac OS X. Psyco is not supporting 64 bit, yet. But it is well being considered. The current improvements are, shortly: - Support for Python 2.4, 2.5 and 2.6 - a lot of new builtins - generators, fast and fully supported. More information is coming soon on http://www.psyco.org . This is the beginning of a series of new Psyco versions. Many more improvements are prepared and about to be published, soon, starting with the current version 2.0.0 . Stay tuned, this is just the beginning of psyco's re-birth! For questions about Psyco V2, please join the mailing list psyco-de...@lists.sourceforge.net or contact me on IRC: #psyco on irc.freenode.net . Psyco V2 is fundamentally supported by FATTOC, LLC. See http://www.fattoc.com . Without their continuous support, this work would not have been possible at all. I wish to express my deepest thanks to FATTOC, for allowing me to continue on Psyco with all the energy that this ambitious project needs, and will need. Further special thanks are going to Armin Rigo, John Benediktsson, David Salomon, Miki Tebeka, Raymond Hettinger, Fabrizio Milo, Michael Foord, Dinu Gherman, Stephan Diehl, Laura Creighton and Andrea Tismer, for all the support and discussions. Looking forward to a great future of Psyco! July 17, 2009 I know its not the proper list but gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DNDEBUG - g -O3 -fPIC -Ic/i386 -Ic -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c c/mergepoints.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/c/mergepoints.o c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘RAISE_VARARGS’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘JUMP_IF_FALSE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘JUMP_IF_TRUE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘DUP_TOPX’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘IMPORT_STAR’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘SLICE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘STORE_SLICE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘DELETE_SLICE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘PRINT_EXPR’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘PRINT_ITEM’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘PRINT_ITEM_TO’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘PRINT_NEWLINE’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘PRINT_NEWLINE_TO’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘BUILD_CLASS’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘IMPORT_NAME’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘IMPORT_FROM’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘MAKE_FUNCTION’ undeclared here (not in a function) c/mergepoints.c:250: error: ‘BUILD_SLICE’ undeclared here (not in a function) error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 any clue ? []'s Eduardo Tel: +55 47 4009-7971 - Fax: +55 47 4009-7940 E-mail: l...@joinville.udesc.br - -- Esta mensagem foi verificada pelo sistema de antiv�rus e acredita-se estar livre de perigo. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: If Scheme is so good why MIT drops it?
On 7/26/09, MRAB pyt...@mrabarnett.plus.com wrote: David Robinow wrote: This doesn't mean they're on the same level - in fact, if you read carefully you'll see my original post said as much: python attracted average programmers; php attracted mediocre programmers and even some non-programmers, which means that php is clearly a lesser language than python. I'm a mediocre programmer. Does this mean I should switch to PHP? If you're a mediocre programmer who knows you're mediocre, but wants to improve and is willing to learn, then stick with Python. You'll get better. :-) I doubt it. I remember when Guido moved to the U.S. and I've even used stdwin. I've actually gotten worse over the years. Old age does that. Nevertheless, I question the idea that a language that is easy to use (I don't know if PHP qualifies) is somehow inferior. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: python-ldap-2.3.9
Find a new release of python-ldap: http://www.python-ldap.org/ python-ldap provides an object-oriented API to access LDAP directory servers from Python programs. It mainly wraps the OpenLDAP 2.x libs for that purpose. Additionally it contains modules for other LDAP-related stuff (e.g. processing LDIF, LDAPURLs and LDAPv3 schema). Ciao, Michael. -- Michael Ströder E-Mail: mich...@stroeder.com http://www.stroeder.com Released 2.3.9 2009-07-26 Changes since 2.3.8: Lib/ * All modules (ldap, ldif, dsml and ldapurl) have common version number now * Non-exported function ldif.needs_base64() was abandoned and is now implemented as method LDIFWriter._needs_base64_encoding(). This allows sub-classes of LDIFWriter to implement determining whether attribute values have to be base64-encoded in a different manner and is the same approach like in class dsml.DSMLWriter. * LDAPUrlExtension._parse() now gracefully handles LDAP URL extensions without explicit exvalue as being set with implicit value None. Modules/ * New LDAP option constant ldap.OPT_X_SASL_NOCANON supported in LDAPObject.get/set_option() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: RSA cryptography between Python and Java
Michael Ströder mich...@stroeder.com (MS) wrote: MS Piet van Oostrum wrote: Please note that the text to be encrypted must be smaller than the key size (at least 11 bytes smaller). You shouldn't encrypt large data with RSA anyway: it is too slow. Normally you would encrypt a session key with RSA and encrypt the data with the session key using a symmetric algorithms like AES. MS I'd use CMS (AKA PKCS#7) for encrypted/signed data with X.509 certs. One MS should not invent another message format. Yes but the original question was not about X.509 certs. Just the RSA public key. I don't know what the OP wants to do with it. -- Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
wave.setparams((2, 2, 44100, 44100 * 2 * 10, NONE, not compressed)) became more than 30secs
thanx to rob .. who gave me an example of how to use the WAVE lib now am on my way to use it as simple as i can i wrote an oil.py the instance of which will behave like an oscillator which constantly generates 7 different wave forms (non fixed) i thought this code might produce 10secs of wave file but the result was longer than 30secs was testing if i could use the WAVE lib withount taking advantage of StringIO nor struct but maybe am doing totally wrong? --8--- import oil import wave a = oil.Sa() w = wave.open(current.wav, w) w.setparams((2, 2, 44100, 44100 * 2 * 10, NONE, not compressed)) for gas in range(44100 * 10): a.breath() r = int(32767 * (a.pulse(1) + a.pulse(2) + a.pulse(3)) / 3.0) l = int(32767 * (a.pulse(4) + a.pulse(5) + a.pulse(6)) / 3.0) w.writeframes(hex(r)) w.writeframes(hex(l)) w.close() -- SaRiGaMa's Oil Vending Orchestra is podcasting: http://sarigama.namaste.jp/podcast/rss.xml and supplying oil.py for free: http://oilpy.blogspot.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
On Jul 27, 12:42 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j] = array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2 = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value maybe? So I tried... band_1[(array_1 == 255) or (array_2 = array_1 * factor)] = 0 which led to ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() so not sure that works? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Convert raw binary file to ascii
I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, so I went digging into Python to see if there were any modules to help. I found one I think might do what I want it to do - the binascii module. Can anyone describe to me how to convert a raw binary file to an ascii file using this module. I've tried? Boy, I've tried. Am I correct in assuming I can get the converted binary to ascii text I see in a hex editor using this module? I'm new to this forensics thing and it's quite possible I am mixing technical terms. I am not new to Python, however. Thanks for your help. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help understanding the decisions *behind* python? - immutable objects
On Sun, Jul 26, 2009 at 2:24 PM, John Naglena...@animats.com wrote: Beni Cherniavsky wrote: On Jul 22, 9:36 am, Hendrik van Rooyen hend...@microcorp.co.za wrote: On Tuesday 21 July 2009 15:49:59 Inky 788 wrote: My guess is that it was probably for optimization reasons long ago. I've never heard a *good* reason why Python needs both. The good reason is the immutability, which lets you use a tuple as a dict key. On Jul 22, 9:36 am, Hendrik van Rooyen hend...@microcorp.co.za wrote: On Tuesday 21 July 2009 15:49:59 Inky 788 wrote: My guess is that it was probably for optimization reasons long ago. I've never heard a *good* reason why Python needs both. The good reason is the immutability, which lets you use a tuple as a dict key. The *technical* reason is immutability for dict keys. Dict could allow mutable objects as keys by comparing *by value*, making a copy on insertion and hashing the current value on lookup. Prior art: the 2.3 sets module allows mutable Sets as elements in Sets, by making ImmutableSet copies on insertion, and hashing Sets as if they are temporarily immutable on lookup. This inspired PEP 351 and ambitious proposals to expand the approach to all Python with a copy-on-write scheme. But these ideas were rejected, and the 2.4 builtin sets only allow frozenset elements. Half the reason is technical: copy-on-write and harder than it sounds, and without it you pay a performance price. But the deeper reason is style: immutable types are convenient! The allow a pure-functional style of code, which can be simpler. Of course, sometimes an imperative style is simpler. Depends on the problem. An interesting issue is Python objects, which are always mutable. A dict of Python objects is allowed, but doesn't consider the contents of the objects, just their identity (address). Only built-in types are immutable; one cannot create a class of immutable objects. So things like frozenset had to be built into the language. A tuple is really a frozen list. Arguably, frozen objects should have been a general concept. Conceptually, they're simple - once __init__ has run, there can be no more changes to fields of the object. Compare the C++ approach, where you can have a map of any object that defines the operator. Python has __cmp__ for objects, but built-in dictionaries don't use it. Of course, one could create a map class in Python that uses __cmp__, which would allow dictionary-type operations on arbitrary objects. Python dictionaries are hash maps so they use hashes, not comparisons, to store objects. By default the hash is equal to the object's identity but all you need to do to change it is define your own __hash__ method. If you were to make a C++ hash map, it wouldn't use comparisons either. There are some interesting uses for immutable objects in multithreaded programs. They can be shared between threads without locking. If it weren't for the infamous Global Interpreter Lock, which basically limits Python programs to using one CPU at a time, Python would have to deal with locking in a more advanced way. A system where immutable objects can be shared and passed between threads, and mutable objects must be synchronized (in the Java sense) to be shared would be useful. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Particle research opens door for new technology
Big uses for small particles will be explored at the annual Particle Technology Research Centre Conference at The University of Western Ontario July 9 and 10.more http://0nanotechnology0.blogspot.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 12:42 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j] = array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2 = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value maybe? So I tried... band_1[(array_1 == 255) or (array_2 = array_1 * factor)] = 0 which led to ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() so not sure that works? Copy and paste -- or replace or with |. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
On Jul 27, 1:46 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 12:42 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j] = array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2 = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value maybe? So I tried... band_1[(array_1 == 255) or (array_2 = array_1 * factor)] = 0 which led to ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() so not sure that works? Copy and paste -- or replace or with |. apologies - I mistook that for a type for or I now get the following error... ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert raw binary file to ascii
r2 wrote: I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, so I went digging into Python to see if there were any modules to help. I found one I think might do what I want it to do - the binascii module. Can anyone describe to me how to convert a raw binary file to an ascii file using this module. I've tried? Boy, I've tried. That won't work because a text editor doesn't need any help to convert the bytes into characters. If it expects ascii it just will be puzzled by bytes that are not valid ascii. Also, it will happily display byte sequences that are valid ascii, but that you as a user will see as gibberish because they were meant to be binary data by the program that wrote them. Am I correct in assuming I can get the converted binary to ascii text I see in a hex editor using this module? I'm new to this forensics thing and it's quite possible I am mixing technical terms. I am not new to Python, however. Thanks for your help. Unix has the strings commandline tool to extract text from a binary. Get hold of a copy of the MinGW tools if you are on windows. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Testoob: How do you use testoob.collector_from_globals / collector_from_modules?
Hi, For a project I'm creating unittests using testoob. When all tests are in a single file there is no problem if __name__ == '__main__': testoob.main() does the trick as usual. But for a number of python-applications they have asked me to group unittests in different files, based on common functionality (e.g. GUI, main-application, etcetera). Ican get it to work by importing all unittestclasses in the following way and than use the normal if __name__ == '__main__' construction (from GUI import GUItests from APP import APPtests if __name__ == '__main__': testoob.main()) But looking at the future I would like to use testsuites. On the internet I found the functions testoob.collector_from_globals and collector_from_modules which one can use to 'easily' create testsuites which can be used with testoob. But no examples on how to use them can be found. Can anybody supply me with a working example? TIA Harry Ebbers -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 1:46 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 12:42 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j] = array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2 = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value maybe? So I tried... band_1[(array_1 == 255) or (array_2 = array_1 * factor)] = 0 which led to ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() so not sure that works? Copy and paste -- or replace or with |. apologies - I mistook that for a type for or I now get the following error... ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape It seems array_1 and array_2 have a -- dada! -- different shape. Assuming array_1 is the smaller one: numrows, numcols = array_1.shape array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2[:numrows,:numcols] = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value There may be other options, but I'm not a numpy expert. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Distinguishing active generators from exhausted ones
On Jul 27, 1:56 am, a...@pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote: Upon a cursory look, after a generator 'gen' is exhausted (meaning gen.next() has raised StopIteration), it seems that gen.gi_frame will be None. Only in Python 2.5 or higher though. I need to support Python 2.3 and 2.4 as well, sorry for not making that clear in the original post. Are you sure? It appears to work in Python 2.4; I don't have time to check 2.3. No, it does not work in Python 2.4. gi_frame can be None only in Python 2.5 and higher. Via What’s New in Python 2.5 (http://docs.python.org/whatsnew/ 2.5.html): Another even more esoteric effect of this change: previously, the gi_frame attribute of a generator was always a frame object. It’s now possible for gi_frame to be None once the generator has been exhausted. Cheers, mk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem in PyArg_ParseTuple on python 2.5.2 with AIX
On Jul 27, 8:49 pm, abhi abhigyan_agra...@in.ibm.com wrote:
On Jul 27, 2:25 pm, John Machin sjmac...@lexicon.net wrote:
On Jul 27, 5:11 pm, abhi abhigyan_agra...@in.ibm.com wrote:
Hi,
I am facing a problem using PyArg_ParseTuple() in my C-API
extension. Here is a small repro of the function:
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
SQLUSMALLINT param_no = 0;
Sorry, my crystal ball is on the fritz. What is SQLUSMALLINT on
Windows/Linux/AIX?
What does
printf(%d %d %d\n, sizeof(SQLUSMALLINT), sizeof(int), sizeof
(long));
give you on each platform?
And the answer was: what?
Thanks for the response. If I don't use SQLUSMALLINT and use int
instead, then also I see the same problem.
static PyObject *parsetuple_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
int param_no = 0;
}
This also prints out 0 for AIX and actual value passed in other
platforms. If I initialize param_no with some other value (e.g. 90),
it prints out that value.
Please run the following on AIX with Python 2.5:
import sys
print sys.byteorder, sys.maxint
print sys.version
and tell us the output.
Does the C compiler that you are using for the extension correspond
with whatever is mentioned in sys.version about the C compiler used to
compile Python 2.5?
C code: Please add/change as follows:
int dummy1 = 0x;
int param_no = 0x;
int dummy2 = 0x;
...
printf(%08x %08x %08x\n, dummy1, param_no, dummy2);
printf(%d %d\n, sizeof(int), sizeof(long));
Try this on AIX (a) with no optimisation (b) whatever O level you have
been using.
Try it with (i) small positive input (i) integer 65535
Take a copy of your extension and cut out everything that is not part
of executing this function i.e. apart from this function (with the
dummies and printfs) you should have only a few includes, a table
defining just 1 callable function, and the minimal module
initialisation code. Check that this cut down version works on Windows
and Linux and still fails on AIX. Then try it without the first (O)
arg. If it still fails on AIX, lose the first arg. Publish the minimal
failing code, the instructions to build the .so, and a transcript of
the Python interactive session showing calling the function and the
results.
Cheers,
John
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
On Jul 27, 2:17 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 1:46 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: On Jul 27, 12:42 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j] = array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2 = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value maybe? So I tried... band_1[(array_1 == 255) or (array_2 = array_1 * factor)] = 0 which led to ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() so not sure that works? Copy and paste -- or replace or with |. apologies - I mistook that for a type for or I now get the following error... ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape It seems array_1 and array_2 have a -- dada! -- different shape. Assuming array_1 is the smaller one: numrows, numcols = array_1.shape array_1[(array_1 == some_value) | (array_2[:numrows,:numcols] = array_1 * some_other_value)] = some_new_value There may be other options, but I'm not a numpy expert. Peter My mistake - the incorrect size in the arrays was my error. The statement works now, but it doesn't give the same results as my original logic, strangely!? in my logic: data = np.zeros((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if band3[i,j] == 255 or band3[i,j] = band6[i,j] * factor: data[i,j] = 0 else: data[i,j] = 1 to do the same with what you suggested... data = np.ones((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') data[(band3 == 255) | (band6 = band3 * factor)] = 0 Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
iText for Python
Hi all, One of my cousin suggested me to do a IText PDF converter for python. Actually I heard that there is no separate IText converter either we have to go for jython or GCJ with wrapper. Instead of wrapping, my plan is to create a separate module with Python and I am thinking of doing this in as my final year project also. Kindly give me your suggestion. With anticipation, SanthoshVKumar. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Override a method but inherit the docstring
Ben Finney wrote: Howdy all, The following is a common idiom:: class FooGonk(object): def frobnicate(self): Frobnicate this gonk. basic_implementation(self.wobble) class BarGonk(FooGonk): def frobnicate(self): special_implementation(self.warble) The docstring for ‘FooGonk.frobnicate’ is, intentionally, perfectly applicable to the ‘BarGonk.frobnicate’ method also. Yet in overriding the method, the original docstring is not associated with it. Ideally there would be a way to specify that the docstring should be inherited. The best I can come up with is:: class BarGonk(FooGonk): def frobnicate(self): special_implementation(self.warble) frobnicate.__doc__ = FooGonk.frobnicate.__doc__ but that violates DRY (the association between BarGonk and FooGonk is being repeated), puts the docstring assignment awkwardly after the end of the method instead of at the beginning where docstrings normally go, and reads poorly besides. What is the most Pythonic, DRY-adherent, and preferably least-ugly approach to override a method, but have the same docstring on both methods? I am using epydoc and if the docstring is present only in the baseclass method, it will repeat the docstring for the child methods. So basically, there's nothing to do. I've also tried within the python interpreter, and it can perfectly solve docstring inheritance. So why would you explicitly assign docstring to child methods ? JM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert raw binary file to ascii
On 2009-07-27, r2 rlichligh...@gmail.com wrote: I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, $ strings memdump.binary memdump.strings $ hexdump -C memdump.binary memdump.hex+ascii -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I'm ZIPPY the PINHEAD at and I'm totally committed visi.comto the festive mode. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to comment constant values?
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Mon, 27 Jul 2009 00:47:08 +0200, Diez B. Roggisch wrote: Only modules, classes, and functions/methods can have docstrings associated with them. For anything else, you have to use comments; or you can mention them in the docstrings of related things. While this is technically true, writing docstrings to constants (module or classlevel) works when one uses tools such as epydoc to generate documentation. I've never used epydoc, so I'm not sure what you mean. Presumably it uses source code analysis to detect: CONSTANT = 42 This is a constant. even though the string is ignored by the compiler. Is that correct? Yes, and because it is perfectly ignored by the compiler there's no harm using this feature. I would add that even if you're not using epydoc, having a way top discriminate comments from documentation is recommended, their purpose are definitely not the same. JM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python function for retrieving key and encryption
jayshree jayshree06c...@gmail.com (j) wrote:
j import M2Crypto
j from M2Crypto import RSA,SSL
j def encrypt():
j pk = open('my_key.public.pem', 'rb').read()
j rsa = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key(pk) #return a M2Crypto.RSA.RSA_pub
j object.
j plaintext = 4545479545655576767767686688782344
j msg = rsa.public_encrypt(plaintext,RSA.pkcs1_padding)
j print msg;
j encrypt()
j This is code i am refering.
j The Problem is coming with .pem file.
You never tell what the problem is. Which error message do you get? Why
can't you just copy the error messages in your post instead of letting
us guess what is happening?
There are indeed problems with the code above. One warning: If you are
going to write cryptographic code while you really don't understand the
subject enough there is a big chance that your programs will have
security problems.
One more question: Do you have now a valid my_key.public.pem file? And
is it in the same directory where you run this program?
Here are the problems in your code (and there may be more!)
import M2Crypto
from M2Crypto import RSA,SSL
You never use the imports from the line above so you can leave it out.
SSL isn't used at all, and RSA is used as M2Crypto.RSA so it uses the
first import. Cleanliness is next to godliness.
def encrypt():
pk = open('my_key.public.pem', 'rb').read()
rsa = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key(pk) #return a M2Crypto.RSA.RSA_pub object.
load_pub_key requires a file name, not the contents of the file.
So use rsa = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key('my_key.public.pem') and leave
the open line out.
plaintext = 4545479545655576767767686688782344
That's not text, it is a number. rsa.public_encrypt will not accept a
number. So you would have to use
plaintext = 4545479545655576767767686688782344
or convert the number to a byte array.
msg = rsa.public_encrypt(plaintext,RSA.pkcs1_padding)
print msg;
encrypt()
The above line should be shifted to the left. It is not part of the
function otherwise you get an endless recursion.
And to answer another question from stackoverflow.com: RSA.pkcs1_padding
is a good parameter, if the decryption side will also use it.
See also my posting on the subject `RSA cryptography between Python and Java'.
--
Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl
URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4]
Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Wrapping prstat on Solaris
At work we currently use top to monitor ongoing system utilization on our Solaris systems. As time has moved on though, use of top has become problematic. Our admins want us to switch to prstat, Sun's top-like command. It works fine however doesn't emit a timestamp at each display interval, so it's essentially impossible looking at a prstat output file to determine when the particular screen was emitted. If figured, No problem. I'll just write a little wrapper. Alas, that is proving harder than I thought. I can run prstat directing output to a file and it seems to blast out a block of lines every N seconds, but when run from inside a Python script I can't seem to make the damn thing not massively buffer its output. Accordingly, my script doesn't really see the output as its emitted, so the timestamp line it prepends to a block of output is off. I'm currently using subprocess.Popen like so: os.environ[TERM] = dumb cmd = prstat -c %s % .join(sys.argv[1:]) pipe = Popen(cmd, shell=True, bufsize=1, stdout=PIPE).stdout I've tried these other variants as well: * prefacing the prstat command with unbuffer (the tcl/expect thingamabob) * explicitly redirect the prstat output to /dev/stdout * setting bufsize to 0 * used os.popen instead of Subprocess.Popen Nothing seems to help. I always seem to see about 30 seconds of data at once (I'm currently using a 5-second interval and 10 lines of output). I would have expected that prstat would simply flush stdout after each block of output. Any ideas about how to get prstat to cooperate better? Thanks, -- Skip Montanaro - s...@pobox.com - http://www.smontanaro.net/ That's more than a dress. That's an Audrey Hepburn movie. -- Jerry Maguire -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: iText for Python
2009/7/27 santhoshvkumar santhosh.vku...@gmail.com: One of my cousin suggested me to do a IText PDF converter for python. Actually I heard that there is no separate IText converter either we have to go for jython or GCJ with wrapper. Instead of wrapping, my plan is to create a separate module with Python and I am thinking of doing this in as my final year project also. Kindly give me your suggestion. What would this give us that ReportLab does not? I wouldn't want to see you spend a lot of time reinventing the wheel... -- Cheers, Simon B. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Form/Template Fill-in the blanks
In article 4b77a992-370d-4879-88a0-fdd6a23f7...@p10g2000prm.googlegroups.com, allan kawe...@gmail.com wrote: My initial thought was to use: 1. .ini files to declare the EDI configuration INI file configuration: * A root INI file indicates other INI files that define each segment of the EDI document. * Each segment INI defines the data elements of each segment and the behavior of the segment (one instance or multiple-instance as in a loop, sequence order, segment code, etc.) * Specify data elements as either constant, system function (like datetime), database field or object method (object being the segment's) * Load all the ini configuration into a template object. Each segment ini maps to its own segment object. This sounds like something you want to use XML for. -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Many customs in this life persist because they ease friction and promote productivity as a result of universal agreement, and whether they are precisely the optimal choices is much less important. --Henry Spencer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Script runs manually, but cron fails
On Jul 24, 2:11 pm, Bryan bryanv...@gmail.com wrote: I have a backup script that runs fine when I run it manually from the command line. When I run it with cron, the script stops running at random points in the source code. The script calls rsync with the subprocess module, which in turn uses ssh to backup files from a box on my lan. It also uses the atexit module to always run a certain piece of cleanup code when the script exits. However, this piece of code is never called when I use cron to run the script, but a ps -A command also does not show the python process so I know the script is dead. The log files generated by the script all show rsync as completing, but then the logging gets cutoff at random places when the script dies after that point. I am not getting any email from cron complaining of an error either. The script runs fine in my bash shell, what could cron be doing to interfere? This script works when I run it at home, and I think it is because I don't use rsync's ability to backup over ssh. The working script at home simply backs up the local machine to a mounted external hard drive. So when I run a python script that calls rsync to work over ssh, cron is screwing things up. Can anyone recommend where I should report this behavior? Should I email the author of cron directly, I don't see a group/address specifically for cron bugs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Itext for Python
On Mon, Jul 27, 2009 at 2:23 PM, S.Selvams.selvams...@gmail.com wrote: On Sun, Jul 26, 2009 at 11:52 PM, Santhosh Kumar santhosh.vku...@gmail.com wrote: Hi all, One of my cousin suggested me to do a IText PDF converter for python. Actually I heard that there is no separate IText converter either we have to go for jython or GCJ with wrapper. Instead of wrapping, my plan is to create a separate module with Python and I am thinking of doing this in as my final year project also. Kindly give me your suggestion. As for as i know, no pure python module exists for iText PDF generator, where iText seems to be a standard one for PDF related works.There are some other modules for pdf work but might not be as standard as iText.Surely some senior programmers will suggest you better way to proceed further. AFAIK, iText is just a java library for generating PDF files. You could have a look at http://www.reportlab.org/rl_toolkit.html -- kushal -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Script runs manually, but cron fails
Bryan bryanv...@gmail.com writes: I have a backup script that runs fine when I run it manually from the command line. When I run it with cron, the script stops running at random points in the source code. The script calls rsync with the subprocess module, which in turn uses ssh to backup files from a box on my lan. It also uses the atexit module to always run a certain piece of cleanup code when the script exits. However, this piece of code is never called when I use cron to run the script, but a ps -A command also does not show the python process so I know the script is dead. The log files generated by the script all show rsync as completing, but then the logging gets cutoff at random places when the script dies after that point. I am not getting any email from cron complaining of an error either. The script runs fine in my bash shell, what could cron be doing to interfere? Double check nothing is writing to stdout/stdin Some cron's don't mind, but I always squelch output because some do. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Distinguishing active generators from exhausted ones
In article 1c8ae01e-2e9c-497c-9f8d-408f56f9c...@g31g2000yqc.googlegroups.com, Michal Kwiatkowski constant.b...@gmail.com wrote: On Jul 27, 1:56 am, a...@pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote: Upon a cursory look, after a generator 'gen' is exhausted (meaning gen.next() has raised StopIteration), it seems that gen.gi_frame will be None. Only in Python 2.5 or higher though. I need to support Python 2.3 and 2.4 as well, sorry for not making that clear in the original post. Are you sure? It appears to work in Python 2.4; I don't have time to check 2.3. No, it does not work in Python 2.4. gi_frame can be None only in Python 2.5 and higher. You're right, I guess I must have made a boo-boo when I was switching versions. -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Many customs in this life persist because they ease friction and promote productivity as a result of universal agreement, and whether they are precisely the optimal choices is much less important. --Henry Spencer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: pyc files not automatically compiled on import
In article mailman.3739.1248625343.8015.python-l...@python.org, Baz Walter baz...@ftml.net wrote: i thought that python automatically compiled pyc files after a module is successfully imported. what could prevent this happening? Looks like you got your problem fixed, but for the record, not having write permission on a directory also causes this. It's even uglier when the .pyc already exists but does not have write perms. -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Many customs in this life persist because they ease friction and promote productivity as a result of universal agreement, and whether they are precisely the optimal choices is much less important. --Henry Spencer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: If Scheme is so good why MIT drops it?
In article mailman.3765.1248685391.8015.python-l...@python.org, Hendrik van Rooyen hend...@microcorp.co.za wrote: On Sunday 26 July 2009 21:26:46 David Robinow wrote: I'm a mediocre programmer. Does this mean I should switch to PHP? I have searched, but I can find nothing about this mediocre language. Could you tell us more? :-P (For anyone who is confused by Hendrik's humor, he is saying that David was referring to a programming language named mediocre. English grammar is confusing!) -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Many customs in this life persist because they ease friction and promote productivity as a result of universal agreement, and whether they are precisely the optimal choices is much less important. --Henry Spencer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
[corrected top posting] Mohammad Tayseer wrote: *From:* Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl *To:* python-list@python.org *Sent:* Monday, July 27, 2009 11:18:20 AM *Subject:* Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me. Dotan Cohen dotanco...@gmail.com mailto:dotanco...@gmail.com (DC) wrote: DC Referring to this article: DC http://math-blog.com/2009/07/20/complex-algorithm-research-and-development-harder-than-many-think/ DC The author, who is specifically looking for math-related functions, writes: DC DC The dream algorithm RD tool would be similar to Matlab or Mathematica DC but could be compiled to fast, efficient binaries similar to ANSI C DC and would be available for all platforms. An integrated GUI builder DC similar to Visual Basic and integrated network support would be DC helpful. DC DC It looks to me like he is looking for Python. No fast, efficient binaries yet, and no integrated GUI builder. -- Piet van Oostrum p...@cs.uu.nl mailto:p...@cs.uu.nl URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org mailto:p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list You can generate binaries using py2exe, and you can create UI using Tkinter (which is very easy) or wxPython (which have GUI builders) Mohammad Tayseer http://spellcoder.com/blogs/tayseer Creating binaries is not the same as creating /fast, efficient/ binaries. Py2Exe bundles it all together, but does not make it any faster. ~Ethan~ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
Creating binaries is not the same as creating /fast, efficient/ binaries. Py2Exe bundles it all together, but does not make it any faster. How inefficient is py2exe. I was under the impression that it's really not that bad. -- Dotan Cohen http://what-is-what.com http://gibberish.co.il -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
Martin wrote: The statement works now, but it doesn't give the same results as my original logic, strangely!? in my logic: data = np.zeros((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if band3[i,j] == 255 or band3[i,j] = band6[i,j] * factor: data[i,j] = 0 else: data[i,j] = 1 to do the same with what you suggested... data = np.ones((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') data[(band3 == 255) | (band6 = band3 * factor)] = 0 Did you swap band3 and band6? If that's the case, it is an error you should be able to find yourself. Please be a bit more careful. Also, it is good practice to write a few test cases where you have precalculated the result. How would you otherwise know which version is correct? Writing a third one to break the tie? Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: If Scheme is so good why MIT drops it?
Aahz wrote: In article mailman.3765.1248685391.8015.python-l...@python.org, Hendrik van Rooyen hend...@microcorp.co.za wrote: On Sunday 26 July 2009 21:26:46 David Robinow wrote: I'm a mediocre programmer. Does this mean I should switch to PHP? I have searched, but I can find nothing about this mediocre language. Could you tell us more? :-P (For anyone who is confused by Hendrik's humor, he is saying that David was referring to a programming language named mediocre. English grammar is confusing!) LOL ... I'm an American and that wasn't all that clear :-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
On Mon, 27 Jul 2009 18:12:09 +0300, Dotan Cohen dotanco...@gmail.com wrote: Creating binaries is not the same as creating /fast, efficient/ binaries. Py2Exe bundles it all together, but does not make it any faster. How inefficient is py2exe. I was under the impression that it's really not that bad. py2exe doesn't really change the performance characteristics of a Python application at all - for better or for worse. Jean-Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
On Tue, Jul 28, 2009 at 12:12 AM, Dotan Cohendotanco...@gmail.com wrote: Creating binaries is not the same as creating /fast, efficient/ binaries. Py2Exe bundles it all together, but does not make it any faster. How inefficient is py2exe. It is neither efficient or inefficient: it is just a distribution tool, to deploy python software in a form familiar to most windows users. It does not make it any faster than running the software under a python prompt. As much as I like python for scientific programming, I would say python is pretty far from the stated requirements in the posted blog post. It is difficult to deploy software written with python (much better than the alternatives, though), and it is slow if you can't leverage numpy/scipy (where vectorization does not apply). It remains to be seen whether it will be true in practice, but something like F#, with its integration in VS 2010, seems much closer IMHO. It is compiled, high level language, and backed by the biggest software vendor in the world. David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
CRLF Newlines and libc
I am working on the subprocess.Popen module for Google Summer of Code. Right now, I am having difficulty trying to work out how to deal with my '\n' newlines being converted to '\r\n' newlines when reading from a pipe on windows; see this blog post (http://subdev.blogspot.com/ 2009/07/stdout.html) and this chain on Python-Dev (http:// mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2009-July/090720.html). Right now, unless there is way to disable the newline conversions, I am thinking I will just have to document the caveat and call it a day. Is there a better way to handle this? Eric -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
On 2009-07-27, Dotan Cohen dotanco...@gmail.com wrote: Creating binaries is not the same as creating /fast, efficient/ binaries. ??Py2Exe bundles it all together, but does not make it any faster. How inefficient is py2exe. [Assuming that was a question.] py2exe just bundles up the files needed to run the program. The result runs pretty much the same as it did when it was unbundled. By default, py2exe combines some stuff in a zip file, so that might slow down startup by a tiny amount. If you don't like that, you can tell py2exe not to zip things up, and then the program runs pretty much identically as did the unbundled version. I was under the impression that it's really not that bad. py2exe doesn't really have any impact on the program's perfromance. It's still the same Python VM running the same bytecode using the same library files. -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I'm totally DESPONDENT at over the LIBYAN situation visi.comand the price of CHICKEN ... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
It is neither efficient or inefficient: it is just a distribution tool, to deploy python software in a form familiar to most windows users. It does not make it any faster than running the software under a python prompt. As much as I like python for scientific programming, I would say python is pretty far from the stated requirements in the posted blog post. It is difficult to deploy software written with python (much better than the alternatives, though), and it is slow if you can't leverage numpy/scipy (where vectorization does not apply). It remains to be seen whether it will be true in practice, but something like F#, with its integration in VS 2010, seems much closer IMHO. It is compiled, high level language, and backed by the biggest software vendor in the world. The blog post is not looking to distribute his code, but he would like it to be cross platform for his own reasons. VB is not cross platform. -- Dotan Cohen http://what-is-what.com http://gibberish.co.il -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a dream language: sounds like Python to me.
On Tue, Jul 28, 2009 at 12:28 AM, Dotan Cohendotanco...@gmail.com wrote: It is neither efficient or inefficient: it is just a distribution tool, to deploy python software in a form familiar to most windows users. It does not make it any faster than running the software under a python prompt. As much as I like python for scientific programming, I would say python is pretty far from the stated requirements in the posted blog post. It is difficult to deploy software written with python (much better than the alternatives, though), and it is slow if you can't leverage numpy/scipy (where vectorization does not apply). It remains to be seen whether it will be true in practice, but something like F#, with its integration in VS 2010, seems much closer IMHO. It is compiled, high level language, and backed by the biggest software vendor in the world. The blog post is not looking to distribute his code, but he would like it to be cross platform for his own reasons. VB is not cross platform. I understand his efficient binary as Ansi C partially as a deployment requirement, and independent of cross-platform issues. As a scientist, being able to share my software with colleagues is a non trivial matter. Python does not make this easy today. F# has nothing to do with VB: F# is a ML-language inspired from OCAML, and run on top of the CLR. It can thus leverage the huge .net framework (lack of non numerical API is one of the biggest matlab hindrance, and comparatively big advantage of python + numpy/scipy), and benefits from the much more efficient implementation compared to python (under the currently CPython implementation at least). Some recent F# versions are compatible with mono, making it compatible on most platforms that matter today for research (but of course, you lose the IDE integration outside windows). David -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: exceptions.TypeError an integer is required
On Jul 24, 3:11 pm, Steven D'Aprano st...@remove-this- cybersource.com.au wrote: On Fri, 24 Jul 2009 11:24:58 -0700, jakecjacobson wrote: I am trying to do a post to a REST API over HTTPS and requires the script to pass a cert to the server. I am getting exceptions.TypeError an integer is required error and can't find the reason. I commenting out the lines of code, it is happening on the connection.request() line. Here is the problem code. Would love some help if possible. Please post the traceback that you get. My guess is that you are passing a string instead of an integer, probably for the port. [...] except: print sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value As a general rule, a bare except of that fashion is bad practice. Unless you can explain why it is normally bad practice, *and* why your case is an exception (no pun intended) to the rule never use bare except clauses, I suggest you either: * replace except: with except Exception: instead. * better still, re-write the entire try block as: try: [code goes here] finally: connection.close() and use the Python error-reporting mechanism instead of defeating it. -- Steven Steven, You are quite correct in your statements. My goal was not to make great code but something that I could quickly test. My assumption was that the httplib.HTTPSConnection() would do the cast to int for me. As soon as I cast it to an int, I was able to get past that issue. Still not able to post because I am getting a bad cert error. Jake Jacobson -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
bad certificate error
Hi,
I am getting the following error when doing a post to REST API,
Enter PEM pass phrase:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ./ices_catalog_feeder.py, line 193, in ?
main(sys.argv[1])
File ./ices_catalog_feeder.py, line 60, in main
post2Catalog(catalog_host, catalog_port, catalog_path, os.path.join
(input_dir, file), collection_name, key_file, cert_file)
File ./ices_catalog_feeder.py, line 125, in post2Catalog
connection.request('POST', path, parameters, head)
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 810, in request
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 833, in _send_request
self.endheaders()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 804, in endheaders
self._send_output()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 685, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 652, in send
self.connect()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/httplib.py, line 1079, in connect
ssl = socket.ssl(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file)
File /usr/lib/python2.4/socket.py, line 74, in ssl
return _realssl(sock, keyfile, certfile)
socket.sslerror: (1, 'error:14094412:SSL
routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:sslv3 alert bad certificate')
My code where this error occurs is:
head = {Content-Type : application/x-www-form-urlencoded,
Accept : text/plain}
parameters = urlencode({collection : collection, entryxml : open
(file,'r').read()})
print Sending the file to: + host
try:
try:
# Default port is 443.
# key_file is the name of a PEM formatted file that contains
your
private key.
# cert_file is a PEM formatted certificate chain file.
connection = httplib.HTTPSConnection(host, int(port), key_file,
cert_file)
connection.request('POST', path, parameters, head)
response = connection.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
except httplib.error, (value,message):
print value + ':' + message
finally:
connection.close()
I was wondering if this is due to the server having a invalid server
cert? If I go to this server in my browser, I get a This server
tried to identify itself with invalid information. Is there a way to
ignore this issue with Python? Can I setup a trust store and add this
server to the trust store?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
On Jul 27, 4:12 pm, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: Martin wrote: The statement works now, but it doesn't give the same results as my original logic, strangely!? in my logic: data = np.zeros((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if band3[i,j] == 255 or band3[i,j] = band6[i,j] * factor: data[i,j] = 0 else: data[i,j] = 1 to do the same with what you suggested... data = np.ones((numrows, numcols), dtype = np.uint8, order ='C') data[(band3 == 255) | (band6 = band3 * factor)] = 0 Did you swap band3 and band6? If that's the case, it is an error you should be able to find yourself. Please be a bit more careful. Also, it is good practice to write a few test cases where you have precalculated the result. How would you otherwise know which version is correct? Writing a third one to break the tie? Peter apologies... it was the way I typed it up, I wasn't copying and pasting from my text editor! Thanks Peter. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [python-win32] subprocess and stdout
(This message was top-posted, and sent off-list. So I'm copying it back to the list, with my response at the end) Chris Chapman wrote: Thanks Dave. You know after trying your suggestion on the command prompt it doesn't as a matter of fact. Not sure why I didn't just try that in windows to begin with. Guess I got stuck more on the python issue then it being the other program. There is an option for it to create an HTML log file, but it's formatted sort of strangely. I'm really not looking to parse through it just for a summary like that presented on the terminal. I'm not sure if you know but I'm guessing parsing the HTML would be a lot easier the trying to capture the console output from the buffer, huh? Thanks again for the help. Chris Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 08:28:51 -0400 From: da...@ieee.org To: oxydol...@hotmail.com CC: python-wi...@python.org Subject: Re: [python-win32] subprocess and stdout Christopher Chapman wrote: I'm trying to write a module to a larger program. This module eventually needs to reference a config file with setup information in it, but I'm not there yet. I'm using the subprocess module to run an external antivirus program and trying to get the output written to a log file, but I keep getting a weird return. My code is listed below. I'm a noob to Python so I'm not sure if this is a windows specific issue or not, but I'm programming on windows and more then likely what I'm working on won't be on anything other then a windows machine. I'm also writing my code for 3.1 if that makes any difference. # Pass target path to scanners command line and write output to a file # Currently scan only targets the McAfee Command Line Scanner print() print (Begining scan of + target) print() scan = scan /all + target s = subprocess.Popen(scan, stdout=subprocess.PIPE) out = s.communicate()[0] chgout = str(out) s.wait() scanlog.write(chgout) scanlog.close If I change my stdout in s subprocess to None then everything gets written to the terminal as if I had just run the program straight from the command line, but when I try piping it to my file scanlog then literally the only return I get in the file is '' or two single quotes. I've even tried piping the output and then printing it instead of writing it to a file and I get the same result. I've experimented with standard windows command line commands and using the same syntax was able to pipe directory listings and other things to my file. Any ideas what I'm missing here? Thanks in advance Chris Chapman I suspect it's because of the way the antivirus program is written. I can't be sure what you tried at the command prompt, but have you tried this: c:\scan /all scanlog.txt If this does not capture to the file, then scan.exe isn't written in the way you're expecting. There are several ways to write directly to a console that do not redirect or pipe. You might also look to see whether scan has any other commandline options. One of them might be to create a log file. DaveA I wouldn't know where to begin trying to capture output that another process sends to its console window. While I'm sure it's possible, I do suspect that parsing the html would be easier. Remember that even if it looks ugly, it is generated by program, and it's quite possible that you could throw away the fluff and end up with a simple summary. There are libraries to make this easier, but I've never used them. If it's valid xhtml, which is by definition valid xml, you might find it useful to use elementree. But most html is buggy, and parsing that takes a more tolerant parser. DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: quickly looping over a 2D array?
On 2009-07-27 06:24, Martin wrote: Hi, I am new to python and I was wondering if there was a way to speed up the way I index 2D arrays when I need to check two arrays simultaneously? My current implementations is (using numpy) something like the following... for i in range(numrows): for j in range(numcols): if array_1[i, j] == some_value or array_2[i, j]= array_1[i, j] * some_other_value array_1[i, j] = some_new_value Peter has given you good answers, but you will probably want to ask future numpy questions on the numpy mailing list. http://www.scipy.org/Mailing_Lists -- Robert Kern I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had an underlying truth. -- Umberto Eco -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
New implementation of re module
Hi all, I've been working on a new implementation of the re module. The details are at http://bugs.python.org/issue2636, specifically from http://bugs.python.org/issue2636#msg90954. I've included a .pyd file for Python 2.6 on Windows if you want to try it out. I'm interested in how fast it is generally, compared with the current re module, but especially when faced with those 'pathological' regular expressions which seem to take a long time to finish, for example: re.search(r^(.+|D)*A$, x * 25 + B) which on my PC (1.8GHz) takes 18.98secs with the re module but 0.01secs with this new implementation. TIA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Using easy_install, reduncant?
I am working on a Trac installation. I am new to Python. To install packages, it is suggested to use setuptools. I have not understood the directions. I execute ez_install.py. Then I attempt to execute easy_install.py setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg. There response that setuptools is already the active version in easy- install.pth. Then: Installing easy_install.exe script to C:\Python26\Scripts error: C: \Python26\Scripts\Easy_install.exe: Permission denied. I have compared the file entries before and after this attempt and there are no new files. Is there any problems here? What did I miss? Regards, Ray -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using easy_install, reduncant?
ray wrote: I am working on a Trac installation. I am new to Python. To install packages, it is suggested to use setuptools. I have not understood the directions. I execute ez_install.py. Then I attempt to execute easy_install.py setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg. There response that setuptools is already the active version in easy- install.pth. Then: Installing easy_install.exe script to C:\Python26\Scripts error: C: \Python26\Scripts\Easy_install.exe: Permission denied. Easy Install usually isn't easy. If it works, it's great. Most of the time, it doesn't. It's not very good at finding all the files it needs to update. Hence problems like the above. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using easy_install, reduncant?
John Nagle wrote: ray wrote: I am working on a Trac installation. I am new to Python. To install packages, it is suggested to use setuptools. I have not understood the directions. I execute ez_install.py. Then I attempt to execute easy_install.py setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg. There response that setuptools is already the active version in easy- install.pth. Then: Installing easy_install.exe script to C:\Python26\Scripts error: C: \Python26\Scripts\Easy_install.exe: Permission denied. Easy Install usually isn't easy. If it works, it's great. Most of the time, it doesn't. It's not very good at finding all the files it needs to update. Hence problems like the above. Which is the usual BS from you. It works most of the times as advertised, and in the concrete case the OP misunderstood what ez_setup.py does (already installing setuptools), and thus the complaint about already active version. Which btw is just a warning, and setuptools would continue, but as the OP works on Windows which prohibits a running executable to be replaced, it fails. Again, not setuptools fault. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
M2Crypto hangs on this URL
There's something strange about this URL: https://sagar310.pontins.com/sraep/; It hangs Firefox 2; there's no short timeout, the web page just gets stuck in initial load for about ten minutes. Then The connection to sagar310.pontins.com was interrupted while the page was loading. It hangs M2Crypto 0.17 on both Linux and Windows, for at least 4 hours. What does the new SSL implementation do? (Haven't tried that yet; waiting for MySQL support for Python 3.x before converting web apps.) John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ioctl on socket
Is there a reason why there is no ioctl interface for socket either then for windows platform? It's technical issues or what else?? thank in advance jacopo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert raw binary file to ascii
On Jul 27, 9:06 am, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: r2 wrote: I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, so I went digging into Python to see if there were any modules to help. I found one I think might do what I want it to do - the binascii module. Can anyone describe to me how to convert a raw binary file to an ascii file using this module. I've tried? Boy, I've tried. That won't work because a text editor doesn't need any help to convert the bytes into characters. If it expects ascii it just will be puzzled by bytes that are not valid ascii. Also, it will happily display byte sequences that are valid ascii, but that you as a user will see as gibberish because they were meant to be binary data by the program that wrote them. Am I correct in assuming I can get the converted binary to ascii text I see in a hex editor using this module? I'm new to this forensics thing and it's quite possible I am mixing technical terms. I am not new to Python, however. Thanks for your help. Unix has the strings commandline tool to extract text from a binary. Get hold of a copy of the MinGW tools if you are on windows. Peter Okay. Thanks for the guidance. I have a machine with Linux, so I should be able to do what you describe above. Could Python extract the strings from the binary as well? Just wondering. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert raw binary file to ascii
On Jul 27, 10:11 am, Grant Edwards inva...@invalid wrote: On 2009-07-27, r2 rlichligh...@gmail.com wrote: I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, $ strings memdump.binary memdump.strings $ hexdump -C memdump.binary memdump.hex+ascii -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I'm ZIPPY the PINHEAD at and I'm totally committed visi.com to the festive mode. Grant, Thanks for the commands! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
initializing with empty list as default causes freaky problems
Hi, Observe the following: In [202]: class Foo(): .: def __init__(self,h=[]): .: self.h=h .: .: In [203]: f=Foo() In [204]: g=Foo() In [205]: g.h Out[205]: [] In [206]: f.h Out[206]: [] In [207]: f.h.append(10) In [208]: f.h Out[208]: [10] In [209]: g.h Out[209]: [10] The question is: why is g.h updated when I append to f.h? Shouldn't g.h stay []? What am I missing here? I'm using Python 2.5.1. Thanks in advance. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: initializing with empty list as default causes freaky problems
Reckoner wrote: Hi, X-Antispam: NO; Spamcatcher 5.2.1. Score 50 Observe the following: In [202]: class Foo(): .: def __init__(self,h=[]): .: self.h=h .: .: In [203]: f=Foo() In [204]: g=Foo() In [205]: g.h Out[205]: [] In [206]: f.h Out[206]: [] In [207]: f.h.append(10) In [208]: f.h Out[208]: [10] In [209]: g.h Out[209]: [10] The question is: why is g.h updated when I append to f.h? Shouldn't g.h stay []? What am I missing here? I'm using Python 2.5.1. Default arguments are evaluated once and then shared, so don't use them with mutable objects like lists. Do this instead: class Foo(): def __init__(self, h=None): if h is None: self.h = [] else: self.h = h -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert raw binary file to ascii
r2 wrote: On Jul 27, 9:06 am, Peter Otten __pete...@web.de wrote: r2 wrote: I have a memory dump from a machine I am trying to analyze. I can view the file in a hex editor to see text strings in the binary code. I don't see a way to save these ascii representations of the binary, so I went digging into Python to see if there were any modules to help. I found one I think might do what I want it to do - the binascii module. Can anyone describe to me how to convert a raw binary file to an ascii file using this module. I've tried? Boy, I've tried. That won't work because a text editor doesn't need any help to convert the bytes into characters. If it expects ascii it just will be puzzled by bytes that are not valid ascii. Also, it will happily display byte sequences that are valid ascii, but that you as a user will see as gibberish because they were meant to be binary data by the program that wrote them. Am I correct in assuming I can get the converted binary to ascii text I see in a hex editor using this module? I'm new to this forensics thing and it's quite possible I am mixing technical terms. I am not new to Python, however. Thanks for your help. Unix has the strings commandline tool to extract text from a binary. Get hold of a copy of the MinGW tools if you are on windows. Peter Okay. Thanks for the guidance. I have a machine with Linux, so I should be able to do what you describe above. Could Python extract the strings from the binary as well? Just wondering. As a special service for you here is a naive implementation to build upon: #!/usr/bin/env python import sys wanted_chars = [\0]*256 for i in range(32, 127): wanted_chars[i] = chr(i) wanted_chars[ord(\t)] = \t wanted_chars = .join(wanted_chars) THRESHOLD = 4 for s in sys.stdin.read().translate(wanted_chars).split(\0): if len(s) = THRESHOLD: print s Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: M2Crypto hangs on this URL
John Nagle wrote: There's something strange about this URL: https://sagar310.pontins.com/sraep/; It hangs Firefox 2; there's no short timeout, the web page just gets stuck in initial load for about ten minutes. Then The connection to sagar310.pontins.com was interrupted while the page was loading. It hangs M2Crypto 0.17 on both Linux and Windows, for at least 4 hours. Correction: Linux is still hung at 5 hours, but Windows timed out after about 15 minutes. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CRLF Newlines and libc
En Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:21:29 -0300, Eric gmwee...@gmail.com escribió: I am working on the subprocess.Popen module for Google Summer of Code. Right now, I am having difficulty trying to work out how to deal with my '\n' newlines being converted to '\r\n' newlines when reading from a pipe on windows; see this blog post (http://subdev.blogspot.com/ 2009/07/stdout.html) and this chain on Python-Dev (http:// mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2009-July/090720.html). Right now, unless there is way to disable the newline conversions, I am thinking I will just have to document the caveat and call it a day. Is there a better way to handle this? It isn't clear to me what exactly your problem is. What are you reading, using which functions, how did you open the file? On the writing side, how did you open the file, which functions are used to write? The Windows API functions like CreateFile, ReadFile, WriteFile... don't perform any kind of '\n' conversion, neither reading nor writing. On the other hand, the C library does differentiate between files opened in text mode or binary mode (this comes from the ANSI C standard, it's not Windows specific). The default is text mode (unless you add b to the fopen call, or O_BINARY to the open call). In that mode, '\n' is translated to '\r\n' on writing, and '\r\n' is translated to '\n' on reading. Python files are implemented on top of the C library (on 2.x) so they inherit that behaviour. Console programs written in C and using printf/fwrite/write to stdout share that behaviour too (standard handles are opened in text mode by default). Note that '\n' newlines being converted to '\r\n' newlines when reading cannot happen -- if you see '\r\n' when reading, it's because a) you're reading the file in binary mode, and b) the file was written in text mode. b) is true for process output redirected to a pipe, so you'll have to fix a). How to do that, depends on what exactly you're doing. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: bad certificate error
En Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:57:40 -0300, jakecjacobson jakecjacob...@gmail.com escribió: I was wondering if this is due to the server having a invalid server cert? If I go to this server in my browser, I get a This server tried to identify itself with invalid information. Is there a way to ignore this issue with Python? Can I setup a trust store and add this server to the trust store? I don't see the point in trusting someone that you know is telling lies about itself. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
where do I put resources (images, audio files) when I wrote Python program?
Hello, I write a Python program. It will contain some images (in .png format), some audio files (as .ogg) etc. Now I think where should my installer put these files and how should I access them. What is the normal Python way of doing that? I think about puting these files in /usr/share/myprogram and then reading it the normal way (so the path /usr/share/myprogram would be just hardwired in my program). Is it the way one usually does it in Python program or is there any more sofisticated way? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: bad certificate error
On Jul 27, 2:23 pm, Gabriel Genellina gagsl-...@yahoo.com.ar wrote: En Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:57:40 -0300, jakecjacobson jakecjacob...@gmail.com escribió: I was wondering if this is due to the server having a invalid server cert? If I go to this server in my browser, I get a This server tried to identify itself with invalid information. Is there a way to ignore this issue with Python? Can I setup a trust store and add this server to the trust store? I don't see the point in trusting someone that you know is telling lies about itself. -- Gabriel Genellina It is a test box that the team I am on runs. That is why I would trust it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: where do I put resources (images, audio files) when I wrote Python program?
On Jul 27, 12:43 pm, Piotrek niedzi...@gazeta.pl wrote: Hello, I write a Python program. It will contain some images (in .png format), some audio files (as .ogg) etc. Now I think where should my installer put these files and how should I access them. What is the normal Python way of doing that? I think about puting these files in /usr/share/myprogram and then reading it the normal way (so the path /usr/share/myprogram would be just hardwired in my program). Is it the way one usually does it in Python program or is there any more sofisticated way? Usually the preferred method is either distutils (http:// docs.python.org/library/distutils.html#module-distutils) or setuptools (http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools). Either of these will allow you to create source (.tar.gz) or binary distributions that can be installed relatively easily on a target machine. Good luck, Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
