RE: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[bobcook39923]

Some folks think another type of “superconductivity” may occur involving the 
motion of positive holes in an electric  field as opposed to the motion of 
electrons with mass and other particle characteristics.  

Bob Cook

From: Axil Axil
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 6:35 PM
To: vortex-l
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

There is a lot of theories out there, This is one that I like to explain why 
the nucleon is coming apart when exposed to magnetism

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1599.pdf

Quark confinement: dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian Stokes 
theorem and reformulations of Yang-Mills theory
 Kei-Ichi Kondo a , Seikou Kato b , Akihiro Shibata c , Toru Shinohara d

This theory explains how quarks are confined by dual superconductivity. 

"A promising scenario for quark confinement called the dual superconductivity 
picture has been proposed in 1970s by Nambu, ’t Hooft, Mandelstam [3]. The dual 
superconductivity is supposed to be realized as the electric–magnetic duality 
of the ordinary superconductivity: The dual superconductivity could be realized 
as a consequence of condensation of magnetic monopoles, i.e., magnetically 
charged objects, just as the ordinary superconductivity is caused by 
condensation of the Cooper pairs, i.e., electrically charged objects. In the 
vacuum of dual superconductor, the dual Meissner effect squeezes the 
chromoelectric flux between a quark and an antiquark into a tube like region to 
form the hadronic string. The key ingredients of the dual superconductor 
picture for the Yang-Mills theory vacuum are the existence of chromomagnetic 
monopole condensation and the dual Meissner effect. In order to establish the 
dual superconductivity, therefore, it is a first step to show the existence of 
magnetic monopole in QCD, i.e., chromomagnetic monopole, which is to be 
condensed in the Yang-Mills theory [1], since chromomagnetic monopole is an 
indispensable ingredient for dual superconductivity in QCD"

IMHO, If that superconductivity is disrupted by strong magnetism, then quarks 
are no longer confined, the nucleon falls apart,  and the quarks reformulate 
into mesons. 

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 7:11 PM, Brian Ahern  wrote:
superconductivity has nothing to do with nuclear states. It is a property of 
valence molecular orbitals.


From: Axil Axil 
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 1:33 PM
To: vortex-l
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium 
 
It is my belief that the magnetism injected into the nucleus disrupts the 
superconductive state that confines the quarks in the protons and neutrons 
within the nucleus. When these nucleons are disrupted, mesons are produced. 

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 1:00 PM,  wrote:
Back to significant speculation..  
 
There are many other isotopes with  above non- 0 nuclear magnetic moments.   
Most if not all have quasi stable states with differing spin and angular 
momentum.   The local B magnetic field affecting such an isotope modifies those 
states and will cause an alignment or polarization of the isotope with the that 
local B field.   With the correct resonant EM photons it is possible  to add 
energy to the nuclear structure.  When the EM input is turned off, the nuclear 
structure will decay back to a more stable state,  at differing rates depending 
upon the particular nuclear configuration.  
 
It has been my speculation that LENR is merely the transfer of spin energy and 
its angular momentum to the electronic part of the solid state structure making 
up a coherent—entangled—QM system.  Energy is conserved within the system 
during the change.  
 
Since energy has no specific priority within the coherent  system, except to 
increase kinetic energy at the expense of potential energy,  changes, including 
nuclear potential energy with  its characteristic specific structure, will 
occur under conditions within small uncertainties.  
 
These conditions reflect the Heisenberg uncertainty, spin quanta balances in 
integral amounts of h/2pie,  angular momentum conservation and total energy 
conservation.  Linear momentum remains zero and does not make the transition 
impossible.   However,  resonances are very critical to allow reductions in 
potential energy of the system considering uncertainties of particles’s  
positions within the coherent system.
 
The magnetic field is critical IMHO to change resonances and reduce 
uncertainty.   I also consider that charge must remain constant, although not 
necessarily 0, within the coherent system during the transition—LENR.  
 
If anyone can say how the Uncertainty Principle applies to knowledge of angular 
momentum—spin—such information is desirable.  It has been my speculation that 
knowledge of spin can be exact in terms of the quanta h/2pie.   
 
Bob Cook
 
 
 
 
 
 
From: Jones Beene
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 8:42 AM
To: Vortex List
Subject: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium
 
 
This post is about an important LENR 

RE: [Vo]:I calculated his power output from his own data. Itisveryexciting and he may have something real that he is blunderingwith.Seebelow.

[bobcook39923]

Eric—

I have reviewed the entire Agreement and Amendments between Rossi etal. and IH 
etal.

The definition of E-Cat IP at paragraph 16.1 and the listing of E-Cat IP in the 
Exhibit A make it clear that IP does not include intangibles.  Only documents, 
records and other forms of documented data and information are included.  And 
training agreed to be provided by Rossi relates to the IP and procedures listed 
in Exhibit A.  

I see nothing in the Agreement and Amendments that would require Rossi somehow 
to inform IH of the art associated with the plant operation.   As I noted in my 
earlier comment, I think this was a major mistake and omission from the 
standpoint of IH and/or their technical and legal advisors at the time of the 
agreement.  

If I were IH, The agreement would have required a lengthy training period for 
my operators and maintenance crew on a smaller prototype reactor that would be 
produced for sale.   Operation and maintenance procedures would have to be 
validated as satisfactory per rigorous testing at the end of the training.   
This training would parallel the reliability testing for the 350 days specified 
in the agreement.

The scope of what would constitute “related E-Cat IP”, a term used in the 
agreement, is so vague as to be meaningless IMHO.  This is particularly true 
since the theory/science of the E-Cat are not accepted.  How could the idea of 
a related technology have any common understanding within the context of the 
agreement.   Thus, I found nothing that could obligate Rossi to give IH cart 
blanc information on any invention he developed after initiation of the 
Agreement.   

Bob Cook 








From: Eric Walker
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 3:37 PM
To: vortex-l@eskimo.com
Subject: Re: [Vo]:I calculated his power output from his own data. 
Itisveryexciting and he may have something real that he is 
blunderingwith.Seebelow.

Hi Bob,

On Sat, Feb 4, 2017 at 12:24 PM,  wrote:

Nowhere that I know of was Rossi obligated to transfer his future inventions 
and related IP to IH. 

These obligations were spelled out in the original License Agreement and its 
amendments, i.e., docs. 1-2 through 1-4.  I recommend reviewing these when you 
have a moment (here titled 001-02, 001-03 and 001-04):

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0BzKtdce19-wyb1RxOTF6c2NtZkk

I think the Second Amendment is in dispute.  But most of the details are in the 
License Agreement, doc. 1-2.

Eric

Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Axil Axil]

There is a lot of theories out there, This is one that I like to explain
why the nucleon is coming apart when exposed to magnetism

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1599.pdf

Quark confinement: dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian
Stokes theorem and reformulations of Yang-Mills theory
 Kei-Ichi Kondo a , Seikou Kato b , Akihiro Shibata c , Toru Shinohara d

This theory explains how quarks are confined by dual superconductivity.

"A promising scenario for quark confinement called the dual
superconductivity picture has been proposed in 1970s by Nambu, ’t Hooft,
Mandelstam [3]. The dual superconductivity is supposed to be realized as
the electric–magnetic duality of the ordinary superconductivity: The dual
superconductivity could be realized as a consequence of condensation of
magnetic monopoles, i.e., magnetically charged objects, just as the
ordinary superconductivity is caused by condensation of the Cooper pairs,
i.e., electrically charged objects. In the vacuum of dual superconductor,
the dual Meissner effect squeezes the chromoelectric flux between a quark
and an antiquark into a tube like region to form the hadronic string. The
key ingredients of the dual superconductor picture for the Yang-Mills
theory vacuum are the existence of chromomagnetic monopole condensation and
the dual Meissner effect. In order to establish the dual superconductivity,
therefore, it is a first step to show the existence of magnetic monopole in
QCD, i.e., chromomagnetic monopole, which is to be condensed in the
Yang-Mills theory [1], since chromomagnetic monopole is an indispensable
ingredient for dual superconductivity in QCD"

IMHO, If that superconductivity is disrupted by strong magnetism, then
quarks are no longer confined, the nucleon falls apart,  and the quarks
reformulate into mesons.

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 7:11 PM, Brian Ahern  wrote:

> superconductivity has nothing to do with nuclear states. It is a property
> of valence molecular orbitals.
>
> --
> *From:* Axil Axil 
> *Sent:* Sunday, February 5, 2017 1:33 PM
> *To:* vortex-l
> *Subject:* Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium
>
> It is my belief that the magnetism injected into the nucleus disrupts the
> superconductive state that confines the quarks in the protons and neutrons
> within the nucleus. When these nucleons are disrupted, mesons are produced.
>
> On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 1:00 PM,  wrote:
>
>> Back to significant speculation..
>>
>>
>>
>> There are many other isotopes with  above non- 0 nuclear magnetic
>> moments.   Most if not all have quasi stable states with differing spin and
>> angular momentum.   The local B magnetic field affecting such an isotope
>> modifies those states and will cause an alignment or polarization of the
>> isotope with the that local B field.   With the correct resonant EM photons
>> it is possible  to add energy to the nuclear structure.  When the EM input
>> is turned off, the nuclear structure will decay back to a more stable
>> state,  at differing rates depending upon the particular nuclear
>> configuration.
>>
>>
>>
>> It has been my speculation that LENR is merely the transfer of spin
>> energy and its angular momentum to the electronic part of the solid state
>> structure making up a coherent—entangled—QM system.  Energy is conserved
>> within the system during the change.
>>
>>
>>
>> Since energy has no specific priority within the coherent  system, except
>> to increase kinetic energy at the expense of potential energy,  changes,
>> including nuclear potential energy with  its characteristic specific
>> structure, will occur under conditions within small uncertainties.
>>
>>
>>
>> These conditions reflect the Heisenberg uncertainty, spin quanta balances
>> in integral amounts of h/2pie,  angular momentum conservation and total
>> energy conservation.  Linear momentum remains zero and does not make the
>> transition impossible.   However,  resonances are very critical to allow
>> reductions in potential energy of the system considering uncertainties of
>> particles’s  positions within the coherent system.
>>
>>
>>
>> The magnetic field is critical IMHO to change resonances and reduce
>> uncertainty.   I also consider that charge must remain constant, although
>> not necessarily 0, within the coherent system during the transition—LENR.
>>
>>
>>
>> If anyone can say how the Uncertainty Principle applies to knowledge of
>> angular momentum—spin—such information is desirable.  It has been my
>> speculation that knowledge of spin can be exact in terms of the quanta
>> h/2pie.
>>
>>
>>
>> Bob Cook
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> *From: *Jones Beene 
>> *Sent: *Sunday, February 5, 2017 8:42 AM
>> *To: *Vortex List 
>> *Subject: *[Vo]:Magnetic magnesium
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve
>>
>> as a place-marker for future additions. 

Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Brian Ahern]

superconductivity has nothing to do with nuclear states. It is a property of 
valence molecular orbitals.


From: Axil Axil 
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 1:33 PM
To: vortex-l
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

It is my belief that the magnetism injected into the nucleus disrupts the 
superconductive state that confines the quarks in the protons and neutrons 
within the nucleus. When these nucleons are disrupted, mesons are produced.

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 1:00 PM, 
> wrote:
Back to significant speculation..

There are many other isotopes with  above non- 0 nuclear magnetic moments.   
Most if not all have quasi stable states with differing spin and angular 
momentum.   The local B magnetic field affecting such an isotope modifies those 
states and will cause an alignment or polarization of the isotope with the that 
local B field.   With the correct resonant EM photons it is possible  to add 
energy to the nuclear structure.  When the EM input is turned off, the nuclear 
structure will decay back to a more stable state,  at differing rates depending 
upon the particular nuclear configuration.

It has been my speculation that LENR is merely the transfer of spin energy and 
its angular momentum to the electronic part of the solid state structure making 
up a coherent—entangled—QM system.  Energy is conserved within the system 
during the change.

Since energy has no specific priority within the coherent  system, except to 
increase kinetic energy at the expense of potential energy,  changes, including 
nuclear potential energy with  its characteristic specific structure, will 
occur under conditions within small uncertainties.

These conditions reflect the Heisenberg uncertainty, spin quanta balances in 
integral amounts of h/2pie,  angular momentum conservation and total energy 
conservation.  Linear momentum remains zero and does not make the transition 
impossible.   However,  resonances are very critical to allow reductions in 
potential energy of the system considering uncertainties of particles’s  
positions within the coherent system.

The magnetic field is critical IMHO to change resonances and reduce 
uncertainty.   I also consider that charge must remain constant, although not 
necessarily 0, within the coherent system during the transition—LENR.

If anyone can say how the Uncertainty Principle applies to knowledge of angular 
momentum—spin—such information is desirable.  It has been my speculation that 
knowledge of spin can be exact in terms of the quanta h/2pie.

Bob Cook






From: Jones Beene
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 8:42 AM
To: Vortex List
Subject: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium


This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve
as a place-marker for future additions. It concerns the isotope of
magnesium 25Mg, which is 10% of natural, called "magnetic magnesium"
because of its nuclear spin and NMR properties. This isotope has come up
before but AFAIK, no one is working with it now.

The remainder of elemental magnesium, which is ~90% (24Mg and 26Mg) has
zero nuclear spin or magnetic moment, making 25Mg easy to enrich from
the chloride salt.  25Mg has high spin (5/2) and magnetic moment, which
are of interest in biology, since magnesium is necessary for life.

In the event that Hagelstein and W-L are accurate about "neutron
hopping" this isotope becomes not only relevant but possibly a
singularity in being the only practical isotope which can work because
of its magnetic properties and ease of enrichment. Hagelstein has
described a neutron tunneling reaction where neutrons seem to "hop"
between nuclei, but always remain in a semi-bound state. Thus they are
never free neutrons, and do not activate the surroundings. The neutron
itself has a magnetic moment which is about twice that of 25Mg and this
feature would be required for "magnetic tunneling" which is an added
twist, so to speak, to the predecessor theories.

Note: The influence of the neutron's magnetic moment is only apparent
for for slow neutrons. Since the magnetic moment of the orbiting
electron is 1000 times larger than that of a neutron, this kind of
"hopping" probably only works in a very strong magnetic field alignment
with a cold reactant. Thus the engineering problem.

Back in 2014 - Robin posted on the energy aspects of this reaction, in
the context of Hagelstein tunneling:

25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV

"Furthermore the energy is divided over two nuclei of almost equal mass,
hence
each gets about half (1.9 MeV), so this could be a very clean reaction."

These hot ions would limit the continuity of the system if thermalized
locally. The practical problem is to capture the energy elsewhere and
avoid the heat locally. This could be accomplished with a thin tube of
25Mg in a magnetic solenoid where the ions are immediately trapped in 

Re: [Vo]:I calculated his power output from his own data. It isveryexciting and he may have something real that he is blundering with.Seebelow.

[Eric Walker]

Hi Bob,

On Sat, Feb 4, 2017 at 12:24 PM,  wrote:

Nowhere that I know of was Rossi obligated to transfer his future
> inventions and related IP to IH.
>

These obligations were spelled out in the original License Agreement and
its amendments, i.e., docs. 1-2 through 1-4.  I recommend reviewing these
when you have a moment (here titled 001-02, 001-03 and 001-04):

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0BzKtdce19-wyb1RxOTF6c2NtZkk

I think the Second Amendment is in dispute.  But most of the details are in
the License Agreement, doc. 1-2.

Eric

[Vo]:amateurs try to mass-manipulate

[Peter Gluck]

http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2017/02/feb-05-2017-lenr-what-happens-when.html
 peter
-- 
Dr. Peter Gluck
Cluj, Romania
http://egooutpeters.blogspot.com

Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Jones Beene]

Here is the cite for the original Hagelstein paper, ~ 24 years old:

http://www.newenergytimes.com/v2/library/1993/1993Hagelstein-Neutron-Transfer-Reactions-ICCF4.pdf

There are different versions of neutron "hopping" these days, but in the 
context of magnetic tunneling using NMR - as the medium to transfer 
neutrons, and the most favorable reaction:


25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV

The idea is not to use hydrogen or deuterium at all, but to apply the 
known NMR resonance to the metal, which is conductive so it can be 
applied direct from a circuit. For instance, imagine a magnetic solenoid 
in which a thin tube of magnesium isotope is held at cryogenic 
temperatures  which is oscillated at the NMR resonance, which would be 
about 6 MHz for a magnetic field strength of 2.3 Tesla.


One application would be as a thruster for aerospace. Hot ions are 
ejected from both ends of the tube when it is resonant along the axis of 
the solenoid. One vector can provide thrust and the other converts the 
ions to electricity to provide the resonance and cooling.

Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Axil Axil]

It is my belief that the magnetism injected into the nucleus disrupts the
superconductive state that confines the quarks in the protons and neutrons
within the nucleus. When these nucleons are disrupted, mesons are produced.

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 1:00 PM,  wrote:

> Back to significant speculation..
>
>
>
> There are many other isotopes with  above non- 0 nuclear magnetic
> moments.   Most if not all have quasi stable states with differing spin and
> angular momentum.   The local B magnetic field affecting such an isotope
> modifies those states and will cause an alignment or polarization of the
> isotope with the that local B field.   With the correct resonant EM photons
> it is possible  to add energy to the nuclear structure.  When the EM input
> is turned off, the nuclear structure will decay back to a more stable
> state,  at differing rates depending upon the particular nuclear
> configuration.
>
>
>
> It has been my speculation that LENR is merely the transfer of spin energy
> and its angular momentum to the electronic part of the solid state
> structure making up a coherent—entangled—QM system.  Energy is conserved
> within the system during the change.
>
>
>
> Since energy has no specific priority within the coherent  system, except
> to increase kinetic energy at the expense of potential energy,  changes,
> including nuclear potential energy with  its characteristic specific
> structure, will occur under conditions within small uncertainties.
>
>
>
> These conditions reflect the Heisenberg uncertainty, spin quanta balances
> in integral amounts of h/2pie,  angular momentum conservation and total
> energy conservation.  Linear momentum remains zero and does not make the
> transition impossible.   However,  resonances are very critical to allow
> reductions in potential energy of the system considering uncertainties of
> particles’s  positions within the coherent system.
>
>
>
> The magnetic field is critical IMHO to change resonances and reduce
> uncertainty.   I also consider that charge must remain constant, although
> not necessarily 0, within the coherent system during the transition—LENR.
>
>
>
> If anyone can say how the Uncertainty Principle applies to knowledge of
> angular momentum—spin—such information is desirable.  It has been my
> speculation that knowledge of spin can be exact in terms of the quanta
> h/2pie.
>
>
>
> Bob Cook
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> *From: *Jones Beene 
> *Sent: *Sunday, February 5, 2017 8:42 AM
> *To: *Vortex List 
> *Subject: *[Vo]:Magnetic magnesium
>
>
>
>
>
> This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve
>
> as a place-marker for future additions. It concerns the isotope of
>
> magnesium 25Mg, which is 10% of natural, called "magnetic magnesium"
>
> because of its nuclear spin and NMR properties. This isotope has come up
>
> before but AFAIK, no one is working with it now.
>
>
>
> The remainder of elemental magnesium, which is ~90% (24Mg and 26Mg) has
>
> zero nuclear spin or magnetic moment, making 25Mg easy to enrich from
>
> the chloride salt.  25Mg has high spin (5/2) and magnetic moment, which
>
> are of interest in biology, since magnesium is necessary for life.
>
>
>
> In the event that Hagelstein and W-L are accurate about "neutron
>
> hopping" this isotope becomes not only relevant but possibly a
>
> singularity in being the only practical isotope which can work because
>
> of its magnetic properties and ease of enrichment. Hagelstein has
>
> described a neutron tunneling reaction where neutrons seem to "hop"
>
> between nuclei, but always remain in a semi-bound state. Thus they are
>
> never free neutrons, and do not activate the surroundings. The neutron
>
> itself has a magnetic moment which is about twice that of 25Mg and this
>
> feature would be required for "magnetic tunneling" which is an added
>
> twist, so to speak, to the predecessor theories.
>
>
>
> Note: The influence of the neutron's magnetic moment is only apparent
>
> for for slow neutrons. Since the magnetic moment of the orbiting
>
> electron is 1000 times larger than that of a neutron, this kind of
>
> "hopping" probably only works in a very strong magnetic field alignment
>
> with a cold reactant. Thus the engineering problem.
>
>
>
> Back in 2014 - Robin posted on the energy aspects of this reaction, in
>
> the context of Hagelstein tunneling:
>
>
>
> 25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV
>
>
>
> "Furthermore the energy is divided over two nuclei of almost equal mass,
>
> hence
>
> each gets about half (1.9 MeV), so this could be a very clean reaction."
>
>
>
> These hot ions would limit the continuity of the system if thermalized
>
> locally. The practical problem is to capture the energy elsewhere and
>
> avoid the heat locally. This could be accomplished with a thin tube of
>
> 25Mg in a magnetic solenoid where the ions are immediately trapped in an
>
> axial field and ported away 

RE: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[bobcook39923]

Back to significant speculation..  

There are many other isotopes with  above non- 0 nuclear magnetic moments.   
Most if not all have quasi stable states with differing spin and angular 
momentum.   The local B magnetic field affecting such an isotope modifies those 
states and will cause an alignment or polarization of the isotope with the that 
local B field.   With the correct resonant EM photons it is possible  to add 
energy to the nuclear structure.  When the EM input is turned off, the nuclear 
structure will decay back to a more stable state,  at differing rates depending 
upon the particular nuclear configuration.  

 It has been my speculation that LENR is merely the transfer of spin energy and 
its angular momentum to the electronic part of the solid state structure making 
up a coherent—entangled—QM system.  Energy is conserved within the system 
during the change.  

Since energy has no specific priority within the coherent  system, except to 
increase kinetic energy at the expense of potential energy,  changes, including 
nuclear potential energy with  its characteristic specific structure, will 
occur under conditions within small uncertainties.  

These conditions reflect the Heisenberg uncertainty, spin quanta balances in 
integral amounts of h/2pie,  angular momentum conservation and total energy 
conservation.  Linear momentum remains zero and does not make the transition 
impossible.   However,  resonances are very critical to allow reductions in 
potential energy of the system considering uncertainties of particles’s  
positions within the coherent system.

The magnetic field is critical IMHO to change resonances and reduce 
uncertainty.   I also consider that charge must remain constant, although not 
necessarily 0, within the coherent system during the transition—LENR.  

If anyone can say how the Uncertainty Principle applies to knowledge of angular 
momentum—spin—such information is desirable.  It has been my speculation that 
knowledge of spin can be exact in terms of the quanta h/2pie.   
 
Bob Cook






From: Jones Beene
Sent: Sunday, February 5, 2017 8:42 AM
To: Vortex List
Subject: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium


This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve 
as a place-marker for future additions. It concerns the isotope of 
magnesium 25Mg, which is 10% of natural, called "magnetic magnesium" 
because of its nuclear spin and NMR properties. This isotope has come up 
before but AFAIK, no one is working with it now.

The remainder of elemental magnesium, which is ~90% (24Mg and 26Mg) has 
zero nuclear spin or magnetic moment, making 25Mg easy to enrich from 
the chloride salt.  25Mg has high spin (5/2) and magnetic moment, which 
are of interest in biology, since magnesium is necessary for life.

In the event that Hagelstein and W-L are accurate about "neutron 
hopping" this isotope becomes not only relevant but possibly a 
singularity in being the only practical isotope which can work because 
of its magnetic properties and ease of enrichment. Hagelstein has 
described a neutron tunneling reaction where neutrons seem to "hop" 
between nuclei, but always remain in a semi-bound state. Thus they are 
never free neutrons, and do not activate the surroundings. The neutron 
itself has a magnetic moment which is about twice that of 25Mg and this 
feature would be required for "magnetic tunneling" which is an added 
twist, so to speak, to the predecessor theories.

Note: The influence of the neutron's magnetic moment is only apparent 
for for slow neutrons. Since the magnetic moment of the orbiting 
electron is 1000 times larger than that of a neutron, this kind of 
"hopping" probably only works in a very strong magnetic field alignment 
with a cold reactant. Thus the engineering problem.

Back in 2014 - Robin posted on the energy aspects of this reaction, in 
the context of Hagelstein tunneling:

25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV

"Furthermore the energy is divided over two nuclei of almost equal mass, 
hence
each gets about half (1.9 MeV), so this could be a very clean reaction."

These hot ions would limit the continuity of the system if thermalized 
locally. The practical problem is to capture the energy elsewhere and 
avoid the heat locally. This could be accomplished with a thin tube of 
25Mg in a magnetic solenoid where the ions are immediately trapped in an 
axial field and ported away from the reactant.

The magnetic aspect of the single magnesium isotope in neutron hopping 
was overlooked before now. However, it could be the most important 
detail for LENR since it provides a binding coupling which encourages 
neutron tunneling between larger nuclei. This will necessitate some 
revision of the underlying theory, perhaps, and can be called "magnetic 
tunneling" but it fits in with other emerging details about "magnetic 
magnesium".

Fortunately magnesium is the fourth most common element on earth and can 
be removed from sea water as an a ion which 

Re: [Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Axil Axil]

A neuron could be produced by proton fusion followed by a pion based
conversion of the proton to a neutron.

The proton fusion would come from muon catalyzed protium fusion with  24Mg
then a pion conversion of the proton to a neutron.

There seems to be a rule in LENR that produces reactions with even
isotopes. Odd isotopes are left alone. Magnetic energy is wasted in
exciting odd isotopes with nonzero spin thereby producing RF. In this way,
magnetism is degraded to RF as in NMR applications producing RF.

On Sun, Feb 5, 2017 at 11:42 AM, Jones Beene  wrote:

>
> This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve as
> a place-marker for future additions. It concerns the isotope of magnesium
> 25Mg, which is 10% of natural, called "magnetic magnesium" because of its
> nuclear spin and NMR properties. This isotope has come up before but AFAIK,
> no one is working with it now.
>
> The remainder of elemental magnesium, which is ~90% (24Mg and 26Mg) has
> zero nuclear spin or magnetic moment, making 25Mg easy to enrich from the
> chloride salt.  25Mg has high spin (5/2) and magnetic moment, which are of
> interest in biology, since magnesium is necessary for life.
>
> In the event that Hagelstein and W-L are accurate about "neutron hopping"
> this isotope becomes not only relevant but possibly a singularity in being
> the only practical isotope which can work because of its magnetic
> properties and ease of enrichment. Hagelstein has described a neutron
> tunneling reaction where neutrons seem to "hop" between nuclei, but always
> remain in a semi-bound state. Thus they are never free neutrons, and do not
> activate the surroundings. The neutron itself has a magnetic moment which
> is about twice that of 25Mg and this feature would be required for
> "magnetic tunneling" which is an added twist, so to speak, to the
> predecessor theories.
>
> Note: The influence of the neutron's magnetic moment is only apparent for
> for slow neutrons. Since the magnetic moment of the orbiting electron is
> 1000 times larger than that of a neutron, this kind of "hopping" probably
> only works in a very strong magnetic field alignment with a cold reactant.
> Thus the engineering problem.
>
> Back in 2014 - Robin posted on the energy aspects of this reaction, in the
> context of Hagelstein tunneling:
>
> 25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV
>
> "Furthermore the energy is divided over two nuclei of almost equal mass,
> hence
> each gets about half (1.9 MeV), so this could be a very clean reaction."
>
> These hot ions would limit the continuity of the system if thermalized
> locally. The practical problem is to capture the energy elsewhere and avoid
> the heat locally. This could be accomplished with a thin tube of 25Mg in a
> magnetic solenoid where the ions are immediately trapped in an axial field
> and ported away from the reactant.
>
> The magnetic aspect of the single magnesium isotope in neutron hopping was
> overlooked before now. However, it could be the most important detail for
> LENR since it provides a binding coupling which encourages neutron
> tunneling between larger nuclei. This will necessitate some revision of the
> underlying theory, perhaps, and can be called "magnetic tunneling" but it
> fits in with other emerging details about "magnetic magnesium".
>
> Fortunately magnesium is the fourth most common element on earth and can
> be removed from sea water as an a ion which can be enriched at the same
> time it is being removed. The cost should be reasonable (for an enriched
> isotope), but natural magnesium probably will not work since the magnetic
> proportion is too small.
>
> More on this topic later.
> Ref in Vortex archive for Robin's thread:
> https://www.mail-archive.com/vortex-l@eskimo.com/msg98660.html
>
> Jones
>
>

[Vo]:Magnetic magnesium

[Jones Beene]

This post is about an important LENR candidate - and is meant to serve 
as a place-marker for future additions. It concerns the isotope of 
magnesium 25Mg, which is 10% of natural, called "magnetic magnesium" 
because of its nuclear spin and NMR properties. This isotope has come up 
before but AFAIK, no one is working with it now.


The remainder of elemental magnesium, which is ~90% (24Mg and 26Mg) has 
zero nuclear spin or magnetic moment, making 25Mg easy to enrich from 
the chloride salt.  25Mg has high spin (5/2) and magnetic moment, which 
are of interest in biology, since magnesium is necessary for life.


In the event that Hagelstein and W-L are accurate about "neutron 
hopping" this isotope becomes not only relevant but possibly a 
singularity in being the only practical isotope which can work because 
of its magnetic properties and ease of enrichment. Hagelstein has 
described a neutron tunneling reaction where neutrons seem to "hop" 
between nuclei, but always remain in a semi-bound state. Thus they are 
never free neutrons, and do not activate the surroundings. The neutron 
itself has a magnetic moment which is about twice that of 25Mg and this 
feature would be required for "magnetic tunneling" which is an added 
twist, so to speak, to the predecessor theories.


Note: The influence of the neutron's magnetic moment is only apparent 
for for slow neutrons. Since the magnetic moment of the orbiting 
electron is 1000 times larger than that of a neutron, this kind of 
"hopping" probably only works in a very strong magnetic field alignment 
with a cold reactant. Thus the engineering problem.


Back in 2014 - Robin posted on the energy aspects of this reaction, in 
the context of Hagelstein tunneling:


25Mg + 25Mg => 26Mg + 24Mg + 3.763 MeV

"Furthermore the energy is divided over two nuclei of almost equal mass, 
hence

each gets about half (1.9 MeV), so this could be a very clean reaction."

These hot ions would limit the continuity of the system if thermalized 
locally. The practical problem is to capture the energy elsewhere and 
avoid the heat locally. This could be accomplished with a thin tube of 
25Mg in a magnetic solenoid where the ions are immediately trapped in an 
axial field and ported away from the reactant.


The magnetic aspect of the single magnesium isotope in neutron hopping 
was overlooked before now. However, it could be the most important 
detail for LENR since it provides a binding coupling which encourages 
neutron tunneling between larger nuclei. This will necessitate some 
revision of the underlying theory, perhaps, and can be called "magnetic 
tunneling" but it fits in with other emerging details about "magnetic 
magnesium".


Fortunately magnesium is the fourth most common element on earth and can 
be removed from sea water as an a ion which can be enriched at the same 
time it is being removed. The cost should be reasonable (for an enriched 
isotope), but natural magnesium probably will not work since the 
magnetic proportion is too small.


More on this topic later.
Ref in Vortex archive for Robin's thread:
https://www.mail-archive.com/vortex-l@eskimo.com/msg98660.html

Jones