RE: HD Errors
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Robert McIntosh Sent: Saturday, July 08, 2006 7:53 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: HD Errors OK, It's a Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 9 120GB ATA/133 hard drive (EIDE). It's in a Dell Dimension P133v. I also have a Dell Optiplex GX1 which only supports a hard drive of 80 GB max. This machine is at least as old as the optiplex, so it's likely to support at most 80 GB as well, not 120 GB. I ran Maxtor's HD Diagnostic tools on the drive and the test, with the exception of the long, full test, came back as passed. So, I have reasonable confidence that the problem isn't the drive. FreeBSD says during drive formatting that there may be weird errors for drives misreporting size. Are the errors that I'm seeing likely reflective of this? What should my concern level be? Thanks again, Robert Tamouh H. wrote: Hi, I'm seeing the following messages in /var/log/messages and am concerned about the integrity of the hard drive: ad0: WRITE command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting cd9660: RockRidge Extension ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting cd9660: RockRidge Extension ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting cd9660: RockRidge Extension ad0: WRITE command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting ata0: resetting devices .. done ad0: READ command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting ata0: resetting devices .. done swap_pager: indefinite wait buffer: device: #ad/0x20001, blkno: 5488, size: 4096 ad0: WRITE command timeout tag=0 serv=0 - resetting Are the ad0 messages showing the hard drive is having hardware problems? Many thanks, Robert Very likely, backup your important date, grab a HD manufacturer disk and test out the drive then post results here with the hard drive manufacture name/model. Tamouh Hello Robert, Please don't top post. It is difficult for someone joining the conversation to understand what is going on and to help. Have you taken Tamouh's advice and backed up your data? If not, do it now! Regarding size: What size differences do you see? Maxtor's diagnostics, BIOS, dmesg, fdisk, etc? I doubt this is your problem. Cables: Be sure you've got good and proper cables, that the drive's jumper is set appropriately to master or slave (and not to Auto), that both ends are tight as is the power cable. Heat: Does the drive feel extraordinarily hot? If so, replace it now! Does FreeBSD eventually boot and run? I.e., does it get past resettings of the hard drive ad0? If so, then you should definitely run the more exhaustive diagnostics. (Do this AFTER you are sure of your cabling and AFTER your backup.) Given your problem, I wouldn't put too much faith in the quick diagnostics. You could try refreshing your drive: dd if=/dev/ad0 of=/dev/ad0 bs=1m I notice the whole bus ata0 reset a couple times. Do you have another drive that you can put into that machine and see if you get the same errors? If so, you may just need to give up on that board. You could see if Dell has diagnostics for your P133v, and if they do, run them. Most likely the errors you see in dmesg are occuring on most reads and writes, and hence your performance is going to be bad. It will also get worse whether it is the bus or the drive. If you can't find and fix your problem, make sure your backups are frequent... Do you have a small slice on your 120G drive that you could devote to Red Hat (or Fedora)? If so, and if it gives similar error messages, then Dell support would help you. Good luck, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD for kids...
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Norberto Meijome Sent: Thursday, July 06, 2006 5:53 AM To: Lee Capps Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: FreeBSD for kids... On Thu, 6 Jul 2006 07:09:24 -0400 Lee Capps [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Would be neat if someone came up with a meta-port (like instant-workstation) to do this all at once. yup. or even a freesbie cd to drop into a computer and sanitize it with useful kiddie stuff :) time to learn how to modify freesbie (and upgrade it to 6.x too... ) ah, the fun of OSS :D cheers, Beto Would PC-BSD meet your needs? www.pcbsd.org -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Opinions Wanted: Dell PowerEdge Servers ... ?
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Chuck Swiger Sent: Monday, June 26, 2006 7:57 AM To: Mike Galvez Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Opinions Wanted: Dell PowerEdge Servers ... ? Mike Galvez wrote: [ ... ] No small thing you need to consider when choosing Dell is that they DO NOT support FreeBSD. They support Windows and Red Hat Linux. If the machine is not lights-out and the OS is not one of the above, they will not send parts or a technician. I found this out the hard way and had to load Linux on a spare drive just to prove a piece of hardware was failing. I've heard that Dells tech support isn't as helpful as it used to be, but I've had them replace a CD-ROM drive and a 4mm DAT tape backup on Dell machines dedicated to FreeBSD without any problems. Try running the diagnostic CD or floppy that came with the machine? (Or can be downloaded for the specific system type from the Dell website.) -- -Chuck I suggest a small slice with Red Hat or Fedora on any Dell Server that runs FreeBSD. As Chuck suggests, downloading the diagnostics for your machine in advance is good advice. I've found Dell's Linux support team is helpful, but they have some policies like run the diagnostics before doing anything else which you usually won't be able to avoid. They may want to walk you through a Linux boot or some other steps under Linux. Once they verify the problem, they are very good at sending replacement hardware. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD Security Survey
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ted Mittelstaedt Sent: Sunday, May 21, 2006 11:20 PM To: Colin Percival; FreeBSD Questions Subject: RE: FreeBSD Security Survey Colin, Just a couple problems with the survey: Question #6 needs a Sometimes as it is not going to be a yes or no question for many people. Your also ignoring the fact that many security holes are a lot easier to ignore and just block off the affected service. For example we run an older RADIUS daemon that has the hole in it that CERT documented a few years ago. But we restrict incoming radius queries to this server to the NAS only. When the FreeBSD telnetd problem came out a few years back I didn't bother patching systems, I just disabled telnetd and waited until it was time to replace the server with a new version of FreeBSD. The thing is, though, that when your dealing with a production server you really have to understand what is involved to apply a patch. You don't just go to a production system that a lot of people are using and run some automated patch-me program that fucks around with a bunch of files on that server under the hood. You have to apply the patch to a test system, by hand, to know exactly what it's changing, then run your test suite on the test system to make sure the production system isn't going to tank when you touch it, then schedule a time to touch the production system and patch it, and make sure you have plenty of time in your schedule available post-patch just in case something reacts wrong. And, when the FBSD system is a server you have built under spec for a customer, it's a whole different ballgame because before you spend a minute of time on it, you have to go to the customer and tell them a security patch came out for their server and they got to pay you a couple hundred bucks to install it on their server you built for them. Your not going to work for free. And the customer may take the attitude that they are planning on replacing the server in 6 months anyway, and at that time you can just use a new version of FBSD that doesen't have the hole, and they are just going to take their chances until then. In that situation even if patching their server was merely a matter of spending 2 minutes logging into it and running an updater, you still wouldn't do it and you know why? Because the second you start doing work for that customer for free, they are going to expect it. It's better from a business perspective for you to warn them their server is open and they have to pay you to patch it, have them decline for the moment and leave it unpatched because they are going to gamble for another 6 months that it won't be attacked, and then have a cracker bust it up so you can tell them I told you we needed to patch that and you decided to cheap out, look what you get (of course you say it in a more diplomatic way) Your survey responses lack any responses that indicate that leaving the system unpatched may be deliberately done, for monetary reasons, your responses in the survey assume that all system admins that understand the security implications of leaving a system wide open are going to always patch them, and only ignorant/newbie system admins are going to run an unpatched system. And the other problem too is that there's still a lot of hardware out there that runs FreeBSD 4.11 much better than 5.X and later. I have a number of Compaq dual-PPro deskpros for example that work fine under 4.11 but run slow as molassas under newer versions of FreeBSD. send-pr reports are pointless here since many people have already complained about such behavior with a lot of different gear, and it appears all the FBSD developers today are building on nice new gigahertz hardware not old stuff, and have the attitude to just scrap the old hardware, and buy new, it's cheap enough. You need to add another question like: X) why are you running an obsolete version of FreeBSD: ) hardware I have doesen't work well with newer versions of FBSD But, I realize that very likely you won't add this because it's not something the FBSD development team wants to hear. (ie: spend more time optimizing and working through the PR database and less time coming out with new gee-whiz FBSD versions and trying to get people to upgrade) Good luck with it, but understand also that the same issues apply to patching Windows systems. When we install a Windows server, we never turn on auto-updates, we only do this for desktops. And before applying a MS patch to a Windows server it has to go through the same rigamarole of testing and such that a patch to a FBSD server would. Too many times in the past, patches have broken application software. Ted Colin, I had the same problem with #6 and also with #12. #9, which offered a time-line, was better. All needed an other field. In my case, the servers aren't on the
RE: gmirror and partitioning
From: Nagy László Zsolt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, May 17, 2006 12:29 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: gmirror and partitioning acd0: CDROM GCR-8523B/1.01 at ata0-master PIO4 ad8: 152626MB SAMSUNG HD160JJ ZM100-33 at ata4-master SATA150 ad10: 152627MB SAMSUNG HD160JJ ZM100-33 at ata5-master SATA150 Sadly, yes; or buy a bigger second disk. You could do the install on the smaller disk first, or you could make ad10s1 smaller. Okay, I did this. But I'm still interested in the topic. The size of a hard drive is determined by the manufacturer. It depends on how many sectors, heads and cylinders present in the device. The actual available size can be smaller because of bad sectors on the disc. But the BIOS (or FreeBSD) should detect the full size, including all sectors. These devices are identical. Then how in the hell could it add one more MB to the second device? I presume if I swap drives between ata4-master and ata5-master then still ad10 would be bigger. Is this a bug in FreeBSD? Laszlo Hi Laszlo, No bugs; I think this is normal. Both the BIOS and the OS are only going to see the blocks the hard drive thinks are useable. Even though the drive geometry is fictitious, most people still recommend defining your slices to begin and end on cylinder boundaries. I assume this makes accessing blocks in the slice a few nanoseconds faster, but I'm actually not sure. Perhaps someone on the list knows more detail. In any case, if you do this for as10s1 gmirror will replicate this property to the other disk. You'll also most likely have a few blocks left over. As for units of MB, I'm not sure. Could be rounding. Can we assume your gmirror is now working? Best regards, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror and partitioning
From: Nagy László Zsolt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, May 16, 2006 8:27 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: gmirror and partitioning Laszlo, You're making gmirror way too difficult. In short, install FreeBSD with however many partitions you want, then install gmirror and replicate your disk to the second disk. The standard howto documents are: http://dannyman.toldme.com/2005/01/24/freebsd-howto-gmirror-system/ http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2005/11/10/FreeBSD_Basics.html http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/mirror/ I've used Danny's and Ralf's (the first and third). Danny's is simpler, but Ralf's has the advantage that it can be done remotely. Danny's website now recommends Dru's (the second). You may want to try that first. Let us know how it goes, I tried the second link, as you suggested. It does not work for me. I have to identical disks on /dev/ad10 and /dev/ad8. I have installed FreeBSD on /dev/ad10 and I initialized gmirror on that disk. Here is what df says: backupserver# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/mirror/gm0s1a 4.8G 34M 4.4G 1% / devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev /dev/mirror/gm0s1e 9.7G 12K 8.9G 0% /tmp /dev/mirror/gm0s1f 115G 261M 106G 0% /usr /dev/mirror/gm0s1d 9.7G 232K 8.9G 0% /var backupserver# swapinfo Device 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity /dev/mirror/gm0s1b 5242880 0 5242880 0%Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com backupserver# Then I try to add the ad8 device: backupserver# gmirror insert gm0 /dev/ad8 Provider ad8 too small. backupserver# But of course this is not true. ad8 and ad10 are identical 160GB SATA disks. What am I doing wrong? Please help. Laszlo Hi Laszlo, Well it looks like you've got gm0 up and running. I assume you've edited /etc/fstab so that it boots cleanly. My first thought is that you need to zero ad8 to make sure gmirror isn't confused. Try that (dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad8) at least for several blocks. Then reboot and post dmesg. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror and partitioning
From: Nagy László Zsolt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, May 16, 2006 10:41 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: gmirror and partitioning Hi Laszlo, Well it looks like you've got gm0 up and running. I assume you've edited /etc/fstab so that it boots cleanly. My first thought is that you need to zero ad8 to make sure gmirror isn't confused. Try that (dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad8) at least for several blocks. Then reboot and post dmesg. Hello Gayns, Good to see you again. :-) backupserver# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad8 count=4096 4096+0 records in 4096+0 records out 2097152 bytes transferred in 0.686872 secs (3053192 bytes/sec) then I rebooted backupserver# gmirror insert gm0 /dev/ad8 Provider ad8 too small. Here are the important parts from my dmesg: ... atapci0: ITE IT8212F UDMA133 controller port 0x9010-0x9017,0x9400-0x9403,0x9810-0x9817,0x9c00-0x9c03,0xa000-0xa00f irq 22 at device 6.0 on pci4 ata2: ATA channel 0 on atapci0 ata3: ATA channel 1 on atapci0 isab0: PCI-ISA bridge at device 31.0 on pci0 isa0: ISA bus on isab0 atapci1: Intel ICH7 UDMA100 controller port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0xf000-0xf00f at device 31.1 on pci0 ata0: ATA channel 0 on atapci1 ata1: ATA channel 1 on atapci1 atapci2: Intel ICH7 SATA300 controller port 0xd000-0xd007,0xd400-0xd403,0xd800-0xd807,0xdc00-0xdc03,0xe000-0xe00f irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0 atapci2: failed to enable memory mapping! acd0: CDROM GCR-8523B/1.01 at ata0-master PIO4 ad8: 152626MB SAMSUNG HD160JJ ZM100-33 at ata4-master SATA150 ad10: 152627MB SAMSUNG HD160JJ ZM100-33 at ata5-master SATA150 SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched! GEOM_MIRROR: Device gm0 created (id=934763830). GEOM_MIRROR: Device gm0: provider ad10 detected. GEOM_MIRROR: Device gm0: provider ad10 activated. GEOM_MIRROR: Device gm0: provider mirror/gm0 launched. Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/mirror/gm0s1a bge0: link state changed to UP This is really wreid! The hard disks are the same: SAMSUNG HD160JJ ZM100-33. But one is bigger than the other. How could this happen? Should I reinstall everything from the beginning? :-( Best, Laszlo Sadly, yes; or buy a bigger second disk. You could do the install on the smaller disk first, or you could make ad10s1 smaller. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror and partitioning
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of User Gandalf Sent: Friday, May 12, 2006 7:26 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: gmirror and partitioning Hello! I would like to install a new FreeBSD 6.1 system on a computer that has two SATA drives. They are the same type. I would like to use gmirror. I read the handbook here: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/geom-mirror.ht ml But there is something I do not understand. The handbook suggest that I install FreeBSD on only two partitions: a swap and the root fs. But I would like to create many partitions. I think I can do it the following way: 1. Install a basic system on drive /dev/ad0, using two smaller partitions (2GB for swap and 10GB for the root fs). 2. Create the /dev/mirror/gm device on /dev/ad1, as suggested by the handbook 3. When doing 'bsdlabel -wB /dev/mirror/gm0s1', I can allocate gm0s1a and gm0s1b with the same sizes (10GB and 2GB) but I can also add other partitions for /usr, /tmp and /var. Can I? 4. Then I can copy the whole system from ad0s1a to /dev/mirror/gm0s1a, and continue the installation, following the instructions in the handbook 5. Finally, after I added /dev/ad0 to /dev/gm0 and I'm done with synchronization, I would like to format the additional partitions, dump and restore my current /usr, /tmp and /var directories, change my fstab and reboot... Will this work? Sorry for the dumb question, but I have never done this before. The handbook only suggest that I install FreeBSD on one / partition only, but it does not tell how to create new partitions after mirroring. Thanks, Laszlo Laszlo, You're making gmirror way too difficult. In short, install FreeBSD with however many partitions you want, then install gmirror and replicate your disk to the second disk. The standard howto documents are: http://dannyman.toldme.com/2005/01/24/freebsd-howto-gmirror-system/ http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2005/11/10/FreeBSD_Basics.html http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/mirror/ I've used Danny's and Ralf's (the first and third). Danny's is simpler, but Ralf's has the advantage that it can be done remotely. Danny's website now recommends Dru's (the second). You may want to try that first. Let us know how it goes, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: removing geom config left over from previous install
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Robert Fitzpatrick Sent: Friday, May 05, 2006 10:35 AM To: FreeBSD Subject: removing geom config left over from previous install Trying to mirror the system using geom on a box with 2 pairs of identical SCSI drives (2 IBM 9GB drives and 2 Seagate 35GB drives). The Seagate drives were mirrored with geom under a previous install and I was trying to mirror the system, when all was not working and I decided to start all over again. I have tried a few times now with a fresh install of FreeBSD 6.0 and on the last round, removed and wrote changes to the disk in the splice setup for all four disks and then restarted the machine and installation to make sure I had all disks with one slice of unused space to start. I did, so I proceeded to create all my partitions on the one IBM da0 drive to mirrored with da1 after install. The issue is that after loading the mirror, I get what seems to be my previous devices, how can I get a fresh start? Because this eventually leads to 'bsdlabel: Geom not found'...right after first boot, I am following the doc at http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/mirror/ files# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/da1 bs=512 count=79 79+0 records in 79+0 records out 40448 bytes transferred in 0.015124 secs (2674452 bytes/sec) files# fdisk -v -B -I /dev/da1 *** Working on device /dev/da1 *** fdisk: invalid fdisk partition table found parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=1115 heads=255 sectors/track=63 (16065 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=1115 heads=255 sectors/track=63 (16065 blks/cyl) Information from DOS bootblock is: 1: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 17912412 (8746 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 90/ head 254/ sector 63 2: UNUSED 3: UNUSED 4: UNUSED fdisk: Geom not found files# gmirror label -v -n -b round-robin gm0s1 /dev/da1s1 Metadata value stored on /dev/da1s1. The geom metadata is stored in the last block of the slice. Zero it as well and you can have a clean start. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
UML editor on FreeBSD - need recommendation
Would anyone please recommend a graphical UML editor to run on FreeBSD? I'd install an appropriate GUI for it. Ideally it would support UML 3.0 and the emerging system engineering profile SysML. Thanks! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: UML editor on FreeBSD - need recommendation
From: Pietro Cerutti [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, May 02, 2006 11:55 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; FreeBSD Subject: Re: UML editor on FreeBSD - need recommendation On 5/2/06, Gayn Winters [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Would anyone please recommend a graphical UML editor to run on FreeBSD? I'd install an appropriate GUI for it. Personally, I use Poseidon from Gentleware. You can find it in the ports system under java/poseidon. Ideally it would support UML 3.0 and the emerging system engineering profile SysML. As stated at http://www.uml.org/, the latest UML standard is 2.0. Am I missing something? I think Poseidon doesn't support SysML at the moment. Thanks! My error. UML 2.0 is the latest. I'm not sure about the latest version of XMI for interchange; however, googling for SysML Poseidon gets several hits that seem to indicate that Poseidon can import an XMI description of SysML, and hence it will support SysML. (I don't understand how graphics are interchanged.) This is probably true for any UML editor that is keeping up with UML and XMI, but I'm learning as I go. See for example, http://homepages.nildram.co.uk/~esukpc20/exff2005_05/exff_legacy/docs/sy sml_ap233_assembly.html I assume the port java/poseidon is the community edition of Poseidon, i.e. the free and somewhat stripped down edition. (http://gentleware.com/edcompare.0.html) I take it you find it adequate. Does the port depend on any particular GUI? Is the performance ok under FreeBSD's Java? I found the following list of UML editors useful http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_UML_tools The following link has interesting comments/opinions on this topic: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/~migod/uml.html It in turn has a link to one vendor's idea of a list of criteria for a UML editing tool: http://www.objectsbydesign.com/tools/modeling_tools.html. Any other recommendations for a UML editor? Anyone using UML to specify/model a large system to be developed under FreeBSD? Anyone been able to generate executable code from UML under FreeBSD? -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Intel Macs, FreeBSD, and drivers
The consensus of the group is that FreeBSD should run fine on an Intel Mac. I'm interested in the time lag between the availability of drivers on an Intel Mac and on FreeBSD. Question1: If there is a driver for a device that works on an Intel Mac (under OS X), will that driver work under FreeBSD? For example, suppose a very new Intel Mac has a new disk controller, is there some process by which we can get its driver into FreeBSD? E.g. via a download from either Apple or the chip set vendor? Question2: Can we expect the volume of Intel Macs to improve (shorten) the time delay between the existence of new hardware and the availability of supporting drivers on FreeBSD? Thanks, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Installing Free over linux
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Aguiar Magalhaes Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2006 1:00 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Installing Free over linux Hi list, I'm trying to install the FreeBSD 6.0 where exist a old linux (It will be full replaced) I'm receiving a error message about de swap slice: Unable to find device node for /dev/ad0s1b in /dev! The creation of filesystem will be aborted How can I fix it ? Aguiar First, welcome to FreeBSD. It sounds like you didn't allocate a swap partition during the installation when you were asked to allocate partitions on ad0s1. If you don't take the defaults, then you must allocate swap space explicitly. This should be done on partition b, i.e. on ad0s1b. I suggest you do your first install taking all of the defaults. If you choose a minimal installation it will go very quickly. After you get one installation variant of FreeBSD running, you can experiment with alternate variants of the partitioning of ad0s1. Check each installation with #disklabel ad0s1 Each variant will require a swap partition. The Handbook and FAQs are excellent and should be your primary references for awhile. There is a link to each on www.freebsd.org. Don't be afraid to click the Newbies button; it will lead you to many fine web sites with tutorials. A couple days ago someone recommended http://www.a1poweruser.com/ which looked good enough to me to bookmark. If you have a lot of Linux experience, it is a good site. Best of luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Wanted: Flash player for browser_of_choice....
Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Svein Halvor Halvorsen Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2006 11:17 AM To: Bob Johnson Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; Kris Kennaway Subject: Re: Wanted: Flash player for browser_of_choice On 4/13/06, Bob Johnson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I think that if only one person questions this, their response will be that there aren't enough FreeBSD users to worry about. If several question it (politely), it might get a little attention somewhere above the front-line customer service level. Anyway, the answer I got is not highly enlightening. The most significant paragraph (I think): Please note that it is your option whether to install Flash Player on your FreeBSD; however, please note that we cannot provide you with any technical support, warranties or remedies for the software, although it is clearly stated on the End User License Agreement, the only authorized operating systems where you may download and install Flash Player. I'm pretty sure they are telling me that is up to me whether or not I break the law. I already knew that. When I emailed them about this, I was first told that FreeBSD was not tested and therefor not supported. But when I clarified my question, stating that the issue is a legal one, not a technical one, they told me thet the EULA must be respected. (What else could they have said?). They were understanding, though, and asked me to file a feature request for the Flash team, to support FreeBSD, which I did. After reading the Adobe licensing FAQs http://www.macromedia.com/licensing/distribution/faq/ It seems to me that the proper route would be via a special license request rather than a feature request. This would probably get to someone in their legal department who could decide if a change in the EULA is easier that a special FreeBSD license (which would have to get distributed with the port or package.) On the cited page there is a link to a form for such special license requests. I don't know who the right person within the FreeBSD community is to make such a request -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Unable to start MySQL
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Gerard Seibert Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2006 3:35 PM To: Freebsd Questions Subject: Unable to start MySQL I am unable to get the latest version of MySQL 5.1.7 running under FreeBSD 6.1 beta4. This is the output from the hostname.err file. 060409 20:06:04 mysqld started ^G/usr/local/libexec/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/general_log.frm' (errno: 13) 060409 20:06:05 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation. InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to InnoDB: the directory. InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1 InnoDB: File operation call: 'create'. InnoDB: Cannot continue operation. 060409 20:06:05 mysqld ended I have Googled for an answer, and found a few, but none of them work. I finally completely deleted MySQL including removing the /var/db/mysql directory and then reinstalled the entire package, but without success. Has anybody else encountered this problem and found a solution to it? Thanks! -- Gerard Seibert It looks like user mysql can't access that directory. Double check setup, ownership, access bits, etc. The installation instructions are well tested to be sure. Post details on access rights if you're still stuck. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Which BSD - Flash Drive
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Malcolm Fitzgerald Sent: Thursday, April 06, 2006 8:28 PM To: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG Subject: Re: Which BSD - Flash Drive On 07/04/2006, at 12:53 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: At 07:40 PM 4/6/2006, Malcolm Fitzgerald wrote: I would like to run a BSD distribution off a 1GB USB Flash drive... That's possible. You do understand that flash drives only have very limited # of write cycles before they fail, and should be operated in read-only mode most of the time? I've only heard that on this list. I've read it on some linux lists too. Apparently there is some truth to it. It's supposedly not so bad that it's gonna fail in a week but don't put a swap slice on a flash device. 100,000 write cycles was the estimate Also, Crucial / Micron (memory manufacturers) address it in their FAQ at www.crucial.com and state that it is a real concern, but if you buy their flash devices, they are covered by their lifetime warranty, even if such a failure should occur. do you have a link - I couldn't find it Malcolm http://www.crucial.com/kb/answer.asp?qid=4088 Where they rate their own flash at 1,000,000 read/write cycles. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD stickers
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ashley Moran Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2006 2:14 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: FreeBSD stickers Anyone know if I can get FreeBSD stickers in the UK? I just bought 6-RELEASE on CD from freebsdmall.com and you don't get any in the box. If I'd know I would have spent $0.50 on a set. How they can give you useless things like binary packages and omit such a critical part of a server installation is beyond me. Cheers Ashley My first thought was to buy some blank sticker paper and print your own, but I realized that I didn't know any FreeBSD software that would map a .jpg to the stickers on a blank sheet of, say, Avery stock. Maybe someone knows of a port for this... -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: How to recover /usr and /home directory
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Edwin D. Vinas Sent: Sunday, April 02, 2006 10:43 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: How to recover /usr and /home directory Hi, I have a previous 40GB HDD which crashed during power outage and now no longer repairable. Before I installed a new HDD, I can still see the contents of that defective hard disk when booting from a single user mode. Now, I set it up as slave and installed a new FreeBSD on the new master HDD. But then, when I mounted the old hard disk, I can no longer see any content in my /usr and /home directories. These directories are the ones with hard error reading blocks which made FreeBSD not to continue booting due to unending and irrepariable fsck commands on this filesystem. All my website files and programs are on that old HDD especially in the /usr directory. Does the new setup master/slave have somehow caused those files hidden? How do I mount even the fragmented blocks? Any suggestion on how I can recover my files? Why is FreeBSD so susceptible to fragmentations when suddenly turned off or when there is a power outage? This is what I don't like with FreeBSD; it does not care too much on data! Even the fsck doesn't tell you that the hard disk is no longer usable as it will still prompt you to do fsck over and over again. And now, my /usr and /home suddenly disappeared when mounted. I can still see these two directories last week but now it seems they're gone. Thanks. Edwin I assume your old /usr and /home are (or were) partitions. Check /etc/fstab and your disklabels for accuracy now. If bsdlabel can't find the partitions on your old disk, then you can try using /usr/ports/sysutils/scan_ffs to rebuild your disklabels if necessary. You'll then need to rerun fsck to see what you can salvage. Regarding fsck itself, I suppose one could add intelligence for fsck to issue ever increasingly stern and obnoxious warnings to backup your data ... Good luck on your recovery effort, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Hard Disk problems
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Shane Ambler Sent: Saturday, April 01, 2006 3:10 AM To: FreeBSD Mailing Lists Subject: Hard Disk problems A few days ago I started getting some disk errors and can't seem to find a reference to find a way to fix them (other than the obvious re-format) The daily security run output contains the following (abbreviated) Checking setuid files and devices: find: /usr/ports/databases/db43/work/db-4.3.28/db: Input/output error find: /usr/ports/devel/git/Makefile: Input/output error ~ repeated 32 times for different files (thankfully all in the ports tree) tower.home.com kernel log messages: ad0: FAILURE - READ_DMA status=51READY,DSC,ERROR error=40UNCORRECTABLE LBA=139102367 ad0: FAILURE - READ_DMA status=51READY,DSC,ERROR error=1ILLEGAL_LENGTH LBA=139102367 These 2 error codes are repeated a total of 38 times all with the same LBA If I start in single user mode and do fsck it takes about half an hour to get through and repeats similar errors many times for just about every check it does. Running #fsck -y fsckout (while in multiuser mode) is as follows - followed by dmesg output since boot cat fsckout ** /dev/ad0s1a (NO WRITE) ** Last Mounted on / ** Root file system ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups 2259 files, 44188 used, 82651 free (251 frags, 10300 blocks, 0.2% fragmentation) ** /dev/ad0s1e (NO WRITE) ** Last Mounted on /tmp ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups 591 files, 4501 used, 122338 free (242 frags, 15262 blocks, 0.2% fragmentation) ** /dev/ad0s1f (NO WRITE) ** Last Mounted on /usr ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes CANNOT READ BLK: 135486944 UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY CONTINUE? yes THE FOLLOWING DISK SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ: 135486944, 135486945, 135486946, 135486947, 135486948, 135486949, 135486950, 135486951, 135486952, 135486953, 135486954, 135486955, 135486956, 135486957, 135486958, 135486959, 135486960, 135486961, 135486962, 135486963, 135486964, 135486965, 135486966, 135486967, 135486968, 135486969, 135486970, ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames UNALLOCATED I=5049385 OWNER=squid MODE=100600 SIZE=15032 MTIME=Apr 1 21:07 2006 FILE=/local/squid/cache/00/26/26C2 UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY REMOVE? no UNALLOCATED I=5049875 OWNER=squid MODE=100600 SIZE=10825 MTIME=Apr 1 21:07 2006 FILE=/local/squid/cache/00/26/26CA UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY REMOVE? no UNALLOCATED I=5049896 OWNER=squid MODE=100600 SIZE=15008 MTIME=Apr 1 21:07 2006 FILE=/local/squid/cache/00/26/26D1 UNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY REMOVE? no ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts LINK COUNT FILE I=5740857 OWNER=squid MODE=0 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 21:09 2006 COUNT 0 SHOULD BE -1 ADJUST? no LINK COUNT FILE I=5792561 OWNER=squid MODE=0 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 21:07 2006 COUNT 0 SHOULD BE -1 ADJUST? no LINK COUNT FILE I=5875155 OWNER=squid MODE=0 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 21:09 2006 COUNT 0 SHOULD BE -1 ADJUST? no LINK COUNT FILE I=5970461 OWNER=squid MODE=0 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 21:09 2006 COUNT 0 SHOULD BE -1 ADJUST? no ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups SUMMARY INFORMATION BAD SALVAGE? no ALLOCATED FRAGS 1936880-1936911 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAGS 1936976-1936983 MARKED FREE BLK(S) MISSING IN BIT MAPS SALVAGE? no ALLOCATED FILE 5740857 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAG 22922007 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FILE 5792561 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FILE 5856663 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FILE 5875155 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAG 23448111 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FILE 5970461 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAG 23889647 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FILE 6077762 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAG 24353503 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAGS 26021808-26021813 MARKED FREE ALLOCATED FRAGS 26301688-26301690 MARKED FREE 1534559 files, 15746410 used, 21222026 free (2172530 frags, 2381187 blocks, 5.9% fragmentation) ** /dev/ad0s1d (NO WRITE) ** Last Mounted on /var ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts UNREF FILE I=8278 OWNER=mysql MODE=100600 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 19:13 2006 CLEAR? no UNREF FILE I=8301 OWNER=mysql MODE=100600 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 19:13 2006 CLEAR? no UNREF FILE I=8306 OWNER=mysql MODE=100600 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 19:13 2006 CLEAR? no UNREF FILE I=25696 OWNER=root MODE=140666 SIZE=0 MTIME=Apr 1 19:13 2006 CLEAR? no ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups 3681 files, 59732 used, 67107 free (1275 frags, 8229 blocks, 1.0% fragmentation) cat dmesg output ad0: FAILURE - READ_DMA status=51READY,DSC,ERROR error=1ILLEGAL_LENGTH LBA=139102367
RE: Hard Disk problems
You'll probably want to reread the section in the Handbook on Moving to a Larger Disk, since this is a good time to rethink the sizes of your partitions. Sorry, this info is in FAQs 9.1 and 9.2 not in the Handbook. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/disks.html -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Urgent FreeBSD Boot question!
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Benjamin Sher Sent: Monday, March 20, 2006 1:21 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Urgent FreeBSD Boot question! Dear friends: I decided to go out and buy the latest issue of Linux Format with the FreeBSD 6 CD. I am very glad I did. FreeBSD is tough to install, but after spending several hours I finally succeeded in doing a perfect installation. ONE BIG PROBLEM: When I removed the CD and rebooted, I got into my Windows XP (I have two separate disks, one for Windows, one of FreeBSD). There was no way to get into FreeBSD. Naturally, I went into my BIOS and changed the boot sequence from CD to Hard Drive. That only caused my system to boot into Windows XP. I read the instructions about the FreeBSD Boot Manager. It said clearly that it should allow switching from one OS to another. But I did not see any configuration for that. How, may I ask, do I do this while installing FreeBSD? How do I change this configuration to guarantee that all my work won't go down the toilet and that when I reboot, I will see Lilo or whatever as a boot manager that will allow me to select either FreeBSD or Windows? I am looking forward to solving this and then to actually seeing FreeBSD for the first time. Thank you so much in advance. Benjamin Welcome to FreeBSD! Well, all is not lost. There are a couple possible errors you could have made, but since XP is booting, my guess is that you installed FreeBSD correctly on ad1 and you (hopefully) put the FreeBSD boot loader onto the MBR of that disk. If so, you have a couple options: 1. Use the NT boot loader (see http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/disks.html#NT-BOOTL OADER ) on ad0. 2. Install the FreeBSD boot loader on ad0. To do this, boot the FreeBSD install CD again and choose FixIt mode. Get a shell going. Use boot0cfg to install the loader. Check the syntax in the man pages (http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi), but I think it is: #boot0cfg -Bv -d 0x80 -m 0x1 -s 5 ad0 If somehow you failed to get the FreeBSD boot loader onto ad1, then you'll have to use boot0cfg to fix that. Its syntax will be something like: #boot0cfg -Bv -d 0x81 -m 0x1 -s 1 ad1 You do have a backup of your XP disk, don't you? Errors using boot0cfg can cause your system to be quite messed up! Double check your syntax!!! Good luck! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Snapshots - can we use is for cloning disk(full restore to a newhard disk)
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Iantcho Vassilev Sent: Tuesday, February 28, 2006 2:46 AM To: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Snapshots - can we use is for cloning disk(full restore to a newhard disk) Guys, i searched the web and the mailing lists about this topic,but i really didn`t find any interesting thing.. Can i use the snapshots for full restore and if yes how can we do that? The part that everyone is referring to the snapshots is the fcsk you can run on it while the filesystem is working also.. You ought to be able to clone a partition from a snapshot via backup (from the snapshot) | restore (to another disk). Doing this for every partition should clone the FreeBSD system as of the snapshot. I've never tried it, however, and I'd be interested in hearing from someone who has done it successfully. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Problem with Samba after upgrade
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Gerard Seibert Sent: Sunday, February 26, 2006 2:27 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Problem with Samba after upgrade I just updated to the newest version of Samba (3.0.21b,1). The old version was working fine, but since there were a number of ports that I had that were out dated, I simply updated them all. The problem is that Samba does not appear to be working correctly now. I can access the FreeBSED machine from any of the WinXP machines without incident. However, the reverse is not true. I have tried running the following command which produces this output: smbclient -L boss -U username%password timeout connecting to 192.158.0.4:445 timeout connecting to 192.158.0.4:139 Error connecting to 192.158.0.4 (Operation already in progress) Connection to boss failed Absolutely nothing has changed other than the updating of Samba and a few other ports -- mostly KDE. The WinXP machines are untouched. There is no new firewall involved, etc. I posted this on the Samba list, but did not receive any response. Perhaps someone here might have an idea. Well it looks like the personal firewall on boss got turned on. You might check your system logs on boss to see if anything has changed behind your back. XP tends to do this if you leave it on ... Check All Programs - Accessories - System Tools - System Information - View - System History. Can your other XP machines access boss? Try Run - \\boss from another XP machine to check. Can smbclient access your samba server? I.e. can it access itself? Try smbclient //FreeBSDname/sharename to check or try smbclient -L //FreeBSDname to check. You can set the debug level (-d) to 1 or 2 and see what you get. You can also reapply the port upgrade if you think there might have been an upgrade error. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Samba Problem
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Warren Liddell Sent: Saturday, February 11, 2006 12:41 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Samba Problem On Saturday 11 February 2006 12:33, Duane Whitty wrote: Warren Liddell wrote: When i try logging onto the FreeBSD machine from windows via samba, upon entering the username/pswd windows Automatically adds: fred/shinjii All i want it to have is just shinjii .. what am i missing and where do i go to fix this ? - Hi, It might help if you could send a copy of your samba configuration file, usually it is located at /usr/local/etc/smb.conf This is where I would start looking for problems. Also read the smb.conf.default file as it gives good examples as a starting point. Attached is conf file 1. Check workstation is in the same workgroup 2. When you define your network path in Windows, make sure you use the connect using a different user name dialog box. 3. Make sure the password you use in (2) is the same as your samba password. 4. Note Windows will encrypt passwords by default. If this isn't working for you, you'll have to turn it off in the registry. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: need some advice on our cisco routers..
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Chuck Swiger Sent: Thursday, February 09, 2006 4:41 AM To: Mark Jayson Alvarez Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: need some advice on our cisco routers.. Mark Jayson Alvarez wrote: We have a couple of cisco routers. There was one time when suddenly we cannot login remotely via telnet. I investigate further and was shocked when I found out that there where 16 telnet connections coming from outsiders ip addresses. I immediately called our Director(the only cisco certified guy in the office) and he begin kicking each of the telnet connections one by one. He then replaced every secret/password and deleted all unnecessary local accounts. However, we're still wondering how those hackers got into the system. Now this cisco's aaa is default to a radius server. Since then, outsiders have gone away.. Perhaps the hackers got one of the router's local accounts, and trying to brute force their way to enable mode. Did you keep careful logs of who was connecting from where so someone could start tracking things down? Have you contacted your local police and FBI, or whatever the local equivalent is? (Don't bother unless you can claim more than $2000 or so in damages, however.) The last I looked the limit was $5000 for the FBI to accept a complaint; however, due to manpower limitations, a more realistic limit is well over $100,000 (aggregate damage for one attacker, multiple victims) for them even to pay attention. Dealing with the FBI is better these days - they have some good people now. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: fine grained firewall?
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Chuck Swiger Sent: Thursday, February 09, 2006 4:30 AM To: andrew clarke Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: fine grained firewall? andrew clarke wrote: Is it possible to configure the FreeBSD firewall to block ports on a per-user or per-executable basis? eg. - Block /usr/local/bin/irc from connecting to TCP port 6667 - Block user 'johnsmith' from connecting to TCP port 21 Yes to users (if the connections originate from the firewall box), no to per-executables. The latter seems useless when cp irc myirc is all it would take to defeat it. Frankly, neither option is very useful or would be needed for a good ruleset... You can block certain types of use, e.g. block irc, by blocking the outbound ports they use. You can block user access to some things on the internet by only allowing a proxy server such access and then having users authenticate themselves to the proxy server (squid is an example with a lot of functionality, and it runs on FreeBSD.) A lot of people like to block all but a list of applications access to the Internet. This blocking function is often bundled with Anti-spyware programs. The thought is that something not on the list might well be new spyware or other malware that has snuck through your security defenses. These programs need to run on the local workstation, and I don't know of any for FreeBSD. While this feature is a pain to manage, it is probably here to stay as the anti-virus vendors gobble up the anti-spyware vendors who seem to like it. Also, don't be surprised if Microsoft eventually puts this functionality into their base OS. A lot of firewall vendors are adding non-traditional functionality to their products. (Anti-virus, anti-spam, proxy server functionality, outbound policy controls, ...) You can do this with your FreeBSD firewall as well. This has the disadvantages of complexity, management, and performance problems. Good luck with your firewall, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Using dd to Make a Clone of a Drive
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Martin McCormick Sent: Thursday, February 09, 2006 12:36 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Using dd to Make a Clone of a Drive After installing FreeBSD5.4, the ISC dhcp server and ISC bind on a hard drive, I wanted to clone that drive to a second drive so as to generate a second server, using what I had already installed as a template. I used the following command: dd if=/dev/da0 of=/dev/da1 bs=512 It turns out that dd defaults to 512-byte blocks so I didn't really need the bs=512, but I am not sure I haven't made some other type of mistake. The dd command has been running for about 4 hours on a very fast system, with a 1-gig processor, 1 gig of RAM and two 31-GB drives. One would think it should have finished by now, but it is still running. Is this a valid method of copying the entire contents of one drive to another? Thank you. At this point, let it run. There was a discussion last month on the hackers distribution list on increasing dd disk to disk transfer rate; it discussed larger block size, piping (dd if=... | dd of=...), and disk_recover. It is also possible to create your own distribution disk, which may be appealing if you do a lot of cloning. Finally, there is always backup|restore. As for speed, dd will probably be last in a race, especially with large, mostly empty, disks. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: error starting samba
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Vasile C Sent: Sunday, February 05, 2006 12:51 PM To: FreeBSD Questions List Subject: error starting samba I was using samba for some time .. but today I noticed that it didn`t start so when I tried to start it I got this error .Any ideas ? euclid# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/samba.sh start Starting SAMBA: removing stale tdbs : Starting nmbd. /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Shared object libintl.so.6 not found, required by libpopt.so.0 Starting smbd. /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Shared object libintl.so.6 not found, required by libpopt.so.0 euclid# uname -a FreeBSD euclid 6.0-STABLE FreeBSD 6.0-STABLE #0: Sun Jan 29 20:58:55 EET 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/EUCLID i386 Since you just updated your system, maybe the following are relevant: http://www.nabble.com/Problem-with-Samba3-startup-t821059.html#a2129790 http://forum.psoft.net/showthread.php?p=55300 You may need to update your samba port. It looks like your objects are out of synch. Did you update something else? I'd suggest: 1. backup 2. fsck 3. check hard disk 4. update ALL ports and packages. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: High performance computing on FreeBSD
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of O. Hartmann Sent: Monday, February 06, 2006 7:50 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: High performance computing on FreeBSD FreeBSd is now since 1996 my companion in scientific computing and related server systems and also my favorite operating system for every network stuff, firewalls and desktop systems I ever used. Now going ahaed with 64Bit, FreeBSD 6.X has been canceled for desktop systems due to the lack of a working JAVA in native 64Bit and especially a working native 64 Bit OpenOffice environment. Nevertheless, the experience of our group and especially of mine with several flavours of Linux, used at our computer center and its network performance and stability in comparison to FreeBSD's over the same time period let me tend to ask for a FreeBSD based high performance computer cluster more than such one founded on a Linux distribution. But there are some open issues and those need to be discussed deeper. First targets SMP/Node performance. I was very curious about SCHED_ULE when introduced in FreeBSD 5.X and was said to deliver a performance boost on SMP boxes. I'm still waiting for that to come true, every SMP scaling benchmark that has been taken in our computer center said Linux has the better SMP performance (on the same Opteron hardware, but I do not have specific details about that, sorry). Next point is the intercommunication of nodes. Infiniband or with special Hypertransport coupplings nodes will be able to communicate very fast. GBit LAN will be the least option, so the question is whether plans for or ready solutions for the node connections are underway. The last question refers to Fortran. Well, most of our scientists still work with Fortran77 or Fortran90/95 and it is hard to bring them towards C/C++, so the existence of good Fotran compiler will be essential. GCC 4.1/4.2 isn't standard in FreeBSD 6.X but many of other FreeBSD users told me they use the port's gcc 4.X very successful. But I feel better when the new GNU compiler collection will be the standard for FreeBSD. This may sound weird for some of yours, but I like the ease of upgrading software in FreeBSD which has reached a very, very high standard over the past 10 years (and it isn't comparable to jarsh weirdness I experienced with Linux, Solaris or Windows). So, utilizing standard ports and the base compiler collection gives a very stable and high quality platform - in my opinion. All right, this above mentioned fundamentals should be the basis for a small cluster system for numerical research. I still looking for benchmark tests, pro and contra regarding BSD/Linux (except the existence of better compiler software for Linux) and the state of development of high performance node interconnect and designated driver software. Target hardware will be a four or six node Opteron/Athlon64 platform with dual socket/dual core chips, with 4 or 8 GB local RAM and 200 GB local SATA disk drives, but main disk array will be RAID system attached via GBit LAN or, if possible, faster. The big question will remain in how the nodes should be interconnected and what kind of OS will be able to handle a specific interconnect (HTX/Infiniband). In the case my questions are to unspecific or naiv, please excuse that. Oliver It would seem to me that such a project wouldn't be too hard, but it would take time, equipment, and expertise. If your center works with several other like-thinking centers then you could probably pool some combination of money, equipment and donated labor to such a project. If you had these resources lined up, my guess is that might get some additional help from one or more of the technical mailing lists http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/eresources.htm l#ERESOURCES-MAIL For example, hackers, amd64, or ia64. It would be really nice to have FreeBSD be the unquestioned leader in high performance computing. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive
From: Mike Loiterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 9:09 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive Gayn Winters mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: From: Mike Loiterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 12:46 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive Gayn Winters mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 6:05 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive Mike Loiterman mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm having trouble dumping /usr to a samba mounted drive. The process dies over processing 4 gigs worth of data. My other partitions dump fine, but they're all less than 4 gigs. This is the error I'm getting: DUMP: Date of this level 0 dump: Fri Feb 3 03:31:05 2006 DUMP: Date of last level 0 dump: the epoch DUMP: Dumping snapshot of /dev/ar0s1f (/usr) to /mnt/backup/usr-dump-l0 DUMP: mapping (Pass I) [regular files] DUMP: mapping (Pass II) [directories] DUMP: estimated 10943850 tape blocks. DUMP: dumping (Pass III) [directories] DUMP: dumping (Pass IV) [regular files] DUMP: 6.73% done, finished in 1:09 at Fri Feb 3 04:45:29 2006 DUMP: 14.92% done, finished in 0:57 at Fri Feb 3 04:38:12 2006 DUMP: 22.98% done, finished in 0:50 at Fri Feb 3 04:36:27 2006 DUMP: 31.37% done, finished in 0:43 at Fri Feb 3 04:34:56 2006 DUMP: write error 4194320 blocks into volume 1 The same thing happens, although I get different errors, if I use bzip2 or gunzip to compress the partition as it is being dumped. It obviously gets a lot further since it's compressed, but it still dies right around 4 gigs. How can I fix this? Is this a samba limitation? BTW, I'm running: FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE Samba 2.2.12_2 And transfering to unix formated drived mounted under Mac OS X 10.4.4. Would upgrading to Samba 3.x help? -- Mike Loiterman Have you tried generating a file of size 4GB on your mac mini? http://www.freebsdforums.org/forums/showthread .php?p=203909#post203909 Changing the format of the drive to Mac OS Extended fixed the problem. UFS has a 4 gig file size limit. Mike, I'm glad you got it working. What was Apple ever thinking with a 4GB limit? -gayn Did Apple develop the UFS spec or just implement it? Mike, I think our very own M.K. McKusick is credited with inventing UFS for BSD 4.something. I'm sure others on this list know the history better than I do. In particular, I don't know the historical difference between FFS, UFS and UFS1. [If one of you history buffs can elucidate, please do so!] In any case, it looks like Apple chose an implementation at the low end of the range of possible implementations. Here is a chart that I find useful: http://www.mrsci.com/Computer-File-Systems/Comparison_of_file_systems.ph p Note the range of possible maximum file sizes on UFS1. Also note the 4GB limit on FFS. History aside, a 4GB limit for any modern file system seems somewhat backward, especially for an avant garde company like Apple. Maybe they got carried away with the mini in Mac mini! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Natively supported inexpensive RAID cards
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 11:57 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Natively supported inexpensive RAID cards I'm looking to setup a 4 drive SATA RAID 5 file server for mp3, avi, and other media using 6.0-RELEASE. It appears that the supported SATA RAID cards listed in /stand/help/HARDWARE.TXT are all over $400.00. That's hard for to justify for this application, unless there are no other choices. I'd like to keep this simple, so if the price for that is $450 bucks, well, I guess I'll have to deal with that. But, I figured it wouldn't hurt to ask if are there any well supported SATA RAID cards (meaning setup automatically recognizes an array setup in the RAID card's BIOS as one drive) in the $100 to $200 range. I don't need anything other than 5, but other levels would be nice for future use. Even better would be a motherboard with onboard RAID that FreeBSD supported natively. If there aren't any such cards or motherboards, are there relatively easy work-arounds using less expensive cards? Have you considered software RAID5? -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Natively supported inexpensive RAID cards
From: Mike Loiterman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Saturday, February 04, 2006 9:54 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Natively supported inexpensive RAID cards Gayn Winters mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 11:57 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Natively supported inexpensive RAID cards I'm looking to setup a 4 drive SATA RAID 5 file server for mp3, avi, and other media using 6.0-RELEASE. It appears that the supported SATA RAID cards listed in /stand/help/HARDWARE.TXT are all over $400.00. That's hard for to justify for this application, unless there are no other choices. I'd like to keep this simple, so if the price for that is $450 bucks, well, I guess I'll have to deal with that. But, I figured it wouldn't hurt to ask if are there any well supported SATA RAID cards (meaning setup automatically recognizes an array setup in the RAID card's BIOS as one drive) in the $100 to $200 range. I don't need anything other than 5, but other levels would be nice for future use. Even better would be a motherboard with onboard RAID that FreeBSD supported natively. If there aren't any such cards or motherboards, are there relatively easy work-arounds using less expensive cards? Have you considered software RAID5? -gayn I have, and I use it for a RAID 1 server I'm running now. For this application I think hardware makes it more sense. My gut feel is that it will probably be faster, for RAID 5, to do it in hardware. Am I wrong? This is a frequent topic here. Time to Google! The bottom line advice is always the following: match your system to what you will use it for. Given you are willing to buy a motherboard, you've got the maximum number of knobs to adjust. You also seem to have a cost constraint, which usually favors putting money into the base system (processor, memory, on-board components) rather than into a RAID card. For example, I've seen arguments for and against say $400 into a RAID card AND $400 into a base system. Keeping in mind that few applications are processor limited, based on the little data you have provided on what all you are going to use the system for other than for storing mp3, avi, and other media, I'd lean toward software RAID and putting whatever extra money you have into the base system. You'll also need to play around with things like 4 sata ports on the mboard (easy to find now) being used as 4 striped with no redundancy, 2+2 mirrored, 1 for the system and 3 in a software RAID5, 4 in a software RAID5, and a cheap IDE drive for the system, etc., etc. You also have tunefs, etc. Also, someone might know of RAID5 on the mboard. My recent boards only have RAID 0, 1, and 10. Keep us posted on your analysis! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 6:05 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive Mike Loiterman mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm having trouble dumping /usr to a samba mounted drive. The process dies over processing 4 gigs worth of data. My other partitions dump fine, but they're all less than 4 gigs. This is the error I'm getting: DUMP: Date of this level 0 dump: Fri Feb 3 03:31:05 2006 DUMP: Date of last level 0 dump: the epoch DUMP: Dumping snapshot of /dev/ar0s1f (/usr) to /mnt/backup/usr-dump-l0 DUMP: mapping (Pass I) [regular files] DUMP: mapping (Pass II) [directories] DUMP: estimated 10943850 tape blocks. DUMP: dumping (Pass III) [directories] DUMP: dumping (Pass IV) [regular files] DUMP: 6.73% done, finished in 1:09 at Fri Feb 3 04:45:29 2006 DUMP: 14.92% done, finished in 0:57 at Fri Feb 3 04:38:12 2006 DUMP: 22.98% done, finished in 0:50 at Fri Feb 3 04:36:27 2006 DUMP: 31.37% done, finished in 0:43 at Fri Feb 3 04:34:56 2006 DUMP: write error 4194320 blocks into volume 1 The same thing happens, although I get different errors, if I use bzip2 or gunzip to compress the partition as it is being dumped. It obviously gets a lot further since it's compressed, but it still dies right around 4 gigs. How can I fix this? Is this a samba limitation? BTW, I'm running: FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE Samba 2.2.12_2 And transfering to unix formated drived mounted under Mac OS X 10.4.4. Would upgrading to Samba 3.x help? -- Mike Loiterman Have you tried generating a file of size 4GB on your mac mini? http://www.freebsdforums.org/forums/showthread.php?p=203909#post203909 -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Gayn Winters Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 7:16 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Friday, February 03, 2006 6:05 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Dumping /usr to samba mounted drive Mike Loiterman mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm having trouble dumping /usr to a samba mounted drive. The process dies over processing 4 gigs worth of data. My other partitions dump fine, but they're all less than 4 gigs. This is the error I'm getting: DUMP: Date of this level 0 dump: Fri Feb 3 03:31:05 2006 DUMP: Date of last level 0 dump: the epoch DUMP: Dumping snapshot of /dev/ar0s1f (/usr) to /mnt/backup/usr-dump-l0 DUMP: mapping (Pass I) [regular files] DUMP: mapping (Pass II) [directories] DUMP: estimated 10943850 tape blocks. DUMP: dumping (Pass III) [directories] DUMP: dumping (Pass IV) [regular files] DUMP: 6.73% done, finished in 1:09 at Fri Feb 3 04:45:29 2006 DUMP: 14.92% done, finished in 0:57 at Fri Feb 3 04:38:12 2006 DUMP: 22.98% done, finished in 0:50 at Fri Feb 3 04:36:27 2006 DUMP: 31.37% done, finished in 0:43 at Fri Feb 3 04:34:56 2006 DUMP: write error 4194320 blocks into volume 1 The same thing happens, although I get different errors, if I use bzip2 or gunzip to compress the partition as it is being dumped. It obviously gets a lot further since it's compressed, but it still dies right around 4 gigs. How can I fix this? Is this a samba limitation? BTW, I'm running: FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE Samba 2.2.12_2 And transfering to unix formated drived mounted under Mac OS X 10.4.4. Would upgrading to Samba 3.x help? -- Mike Loiterman Have you tried generating a file of size 4GB on your mac mini? http://www.freebsdforums.org/forums/showthread.php?p=203909#post203909 And in theory ... http://docs.info.apple.com/jarticle.html?artnum=25557-en -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
6.0 Migration Guide?
Does anyone have a pointer to a FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE Migration Guide? Even a draft? I googled and looked in http://www.freebsd.org/releases/6.0R/ with no luck. The 5.4 one is very nice. Thanks, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: samba: add mashine script and other
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Playnet Sent: Tuesday, January 24, 2006 5:20 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: samba: add mashine script and other Who have subj for LDAP? As i understand, i can use smbldap-tools. But which params? Who can give part of smb.conf with add... ? -- Best regards, Playnet mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] You are probably best searching samba.org for LDAP and searching openldap.org for samba. There are many articles on both sites. In particular the official Samba HOWTO document has a nice elementary chapter on configuring LDAP for samba. That might be the best place for you to start. Good luck! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: securelevel doc?
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Joel Hatton Sent: Sunday, January 22, 2006 8:52 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: securelevel doc? Hi, I may be confused, but istr that man security[7] used to document the results of different kernel securelevels; this no longer seems to be the case. Is this still documented in the base system without recourse to online help? (I'm OK with securelevels, btw, I'd just like to know where to point someone to this information) cheers, -- Joel Hatton -- I'd point to: man security man securelevel = man init man sysctl in this order. On my 5.3 system (the oldest I have running) the securelevels aren't fully explained until man init. I don't know about 4.x. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Sound driver for Compaq Presario?
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Gerard Seibert Sent: Saturday, January 21, 2006 1:09 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Sound driver for Compaq Presario? On Sat, 21 Jan 2006 18:58:38 +0100 (CET), Andreas Davour wrote: Hi. My wife got herself a laptop, and I convinced her that FreeBSD would be a good operating system to use. Now, do anyone know what kind of sound driver we should be using? It is some kind of built-in card. When I tried pciconf it just told me it was a generic soundcard. It says Presario 2302A on the box, and Presario 2300 on a ministicker on the a machine. I have tried google to no avail. /andreas Have you tried contacting the technical support staff for the PC? They should be able to tell you what is installed. HP's online chat works well. I got them last weekend, even though they only advertise M-F support. They are Windows-centric, however. Be careful how you phrase your question! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Help backing up to networked drive
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Loiterman Sent: Thursday, January 19, 2006 8:17 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Help backing up to networked drive Mike Loiterman mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I would like to backup my server to a firewire drive connected to a Macintosh Mini. Both machines are on my local network and, of course, behind a secure firewall. Right now I'm using this script to take backups: #!/bin/sh /sbin/dump -0uanL -f - / | gzip -2 | ssh -c blowfish [EMAIL PROTECTED] dd of=/Volumes/Server-Backup/dump-root.gz \ /sbin/dump -0uanL -f - /tmp | gzip -2 | ssh -c blowfish [EMAIL PROTECTED] dd of=/Volumes/Server-Backup/dump-tmp.gz \ /sbin/dump -0uanL -f - /usr | gzip -2 | ssh -c blowfish [EMAIL PROTECTED] dd of=/Volumes/Server-Backup/dump-usr.gz \ /sbin/dump -0uanL -f - /var | gzip -2 | ssh -c blowfish [EMAIL PROTECTED] dd of=/Volumes/Server-Backup/dump-var.gz This is working fine, but I have to run the script mannually and enter the password. Actually, I take it back. The original script doesn't work. dd gives an error when I try to backup /usr saying that the file is too large...it dies at 4GB. Not knowing anything about the mac mini, I can only guess: Have you tried using a partition name for dd of= instead of a file name? -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Programming Book(s)
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of lars Sent: Thursday, January 05, 2006 1:25 PM Cc: FreeBSD-Questions Subject: Re: Programming Book(s) Martin Cracauer wrote: Sean wrote on Mon, Jan 02, 2006 at 04:09:27PM -0500: Looking for recommendations on any Unix programming books. I have been out of things for a while so I would put my skill level back to the beginning. W. Richard Steven's Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment, along with his Unix Network Programming are still classics and from what I have seen best by far. Martin I also recommend The Art of UNIX Programming by Eric S. Raymond for some cultural information on Unix programming. It's also available whole online for free at his website. http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/taoup/ -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Programming Book(s)
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Danial Thom Sent: Tuesday, January 03, 2006 7:53 AM To: Nicolas Blais; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Programming Book(s) --- Nicolas Blais [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On January 2, 2006 04:52 pm, Sean wrote: Sean wrote: Looking for recommendations on any Unix programming books. I have been out of things for a while so I would put my skill level back to the beginning. Thanks Sean ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] I forgot to mention that I wish to work with C/C++ Thanks again, Sean There's a free C++ book which is great : http://mindview.net/Books/TICPP/ThinkingInCPP2e.html You can also buy the hardcopy on Amazon. Nicolas I'd recommend learning C before C++. In order to be an effective unix programmer you must master the C language, as you'll have to examine and modify code in C to do anything substantial. Virtually all major programs and kernels are 'C' based. DT From the website referenced: Chapter 3 is a fairly intense coverage of the C that's used in C++, but if you're just getting started with all this it may be a little too intense. To remedy this, the printed book contains a CD ROM training course that gently introduces you to the C syntax that you need to understand in order to take on C++ or Java. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Disk error messages (ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# xxxxxx)
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Russell J. Wood Sent: Monday, January 02, 2006 3:54 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Disk error messages (ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# xx) On Mon, Jan 02, 2006 at 11:15:08PM +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi there, On my screen, there were messages like the followings comeing up. I have to reboot mutiple times to get it boot up normally. Does this mean I have to replace the disk which is a relatively new disk (1-2 years)? Any simple way to fix it and to avoid the time consuming task? ad0: 39205MB Maxtor 6EX [79656/16/63] at ata0-master WDMA2 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 131199 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 131199 status=59 error=40 ad0: DMA problem fallback to PIO mode ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 11272319 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 11272319 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 11272319 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 131199 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 3473535 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 9240703 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 17367167 status=59 error=40 ad0: HARD READ ERROR blk# 17760383 status=59 error=40 I suspect that you have bad sectors on your hard disk drive (and many of them). A good tool to use is Segate's Seatools (http://www.seagate.com/support/seatools/index.html). Just burn the Seatools Desktop edition to CDROM and boot from it. - Russell After you've checked for loose cables, you might want to take the drive out and check it in another system (using the Seagate or other such tools). If indeed the problem is with DMA, the drive might be ok but the MB is flakey. Perhaps the PC or MB manufacturer has diagnosics with which you can zero into the latter ugly possiblity. In any case, get yourself a backup asap (at least of the user data so that you can recover from a fresh installation.) Unless you are getting other types of errors, it is probably still possible to copy the drive with dd using bs=512b, and this would be your quickest fix of a hard drive problem. Run fsck on your new disk after the copy. Good luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
freebsd-update defaults and restrictions
Colin Percival's freebsd-update utility has a number of options/flags that I can't figure out from man freebsd-update or man freebsd-update.conf or freebsd-update.conf.sample Syntax: freebsd-update [-b basedir] [--branch branchname] [-k KEY] command [URL] -b basedir Act on a FreeBSD world based at ... basedir What does this mean? If omitted, what is the default? --branch branchname Possibilities are nocrypto, crypto, ... . The example in Bejtlich's paper www.taosecurity.com/keeping_freebsd_up-to-date.html doesn't use --branch, and yet he implies the default is crypto and that most installations need crypto. Is the default crypto? How would I know what I need? -k KEY A public key with a given MD5 hash URL The URL from which updates are fetched The above two can also be specified in freebsd-update.conf and the sample file has URL pointing to update.daemonology.net (Colin's web server). Bejtlich states that the KEY and the URL in the .conf file are cooked to get updates from Colin's site, and to use the sample file if you trust [Colin] to securely build binary updates for you to blindly install ... Aside from Bejtlich's obvious tongue-in-cheek negativity (they are both security guys after all, and Colin is the FreeBSD security officer), are there other possible sites for updates? How do I figure out a correct value for KEY if I know the URL? Incidentally, the KEY and the URL are required, since they either need to be specified on the command line as in the above syntax or via the configuration file. Finally, freebsd-update must operate on a GENERIC kernel, but does this mean I can still use device.hints? Any help would be greatly appreciated. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: New IDE drive in old PC
On Behalf Of RW Sent: Thursday, December 29, 2005 9:18 AM On Wednesday 28 December 2005 07:14, Robert Slade wrote: On Tue, 2005-12-27 at 22:12, Robert Ames wrote: I have an old (very old) ASUS P5 motherboard running FreeBSD 5.4. The boot disk is a 40MB Western Digital WD400 IDE drive jumpered to only use 32MB so it can be booted from since the BIOS in this PC (the latest and greatest) can't deal with anything larger than 32MB. This PC is working well for me and I don't want to upgrade it. However I would like to add a lot of disk space. So my question is, can I go out and buy a new 300 GB (or whatever) IDE disk and attach it to the secondary IDE controller and hope to use all 300 GB? I will still use the old disk for booting and to hold the OS. The new disk will be just for data. If this will just work how do I configure the BIOS so the PC will boot with the large drive installed? Robert, If you had to jumper the boot disk for it to work with the BIOS of the motherboard, then the chances are that you would have to do the same with the 2nd hard drive. ISTR that ASUS produced updated BIOS' for most of their motherboards to get around this. Have a look at their website to see if there is and upgrade. There is also a area on the site for questions such as yours. I would have thought the main issue is support for 48-bit LBA. The limit for 32-bit LBA is 137GB (128 GiB). Since the OP wants more disk space and somehow can't upgrade this old BIOS (the preferred option), separate the issue into two: 1. How to boot 2. How to access the large disk. I haven't tried it, but if you installed the large drive as a second disk, then you could boot off the older (jumpered even) hard drive. Even if the BIOS doesn't see the second hard drive, it probably won't go belly up. I would think FreeBSD would then see the second drive when it booted and handle it correctly (since FreeBSD doesn't use the BIOS for access.) Map the second drive as /data and enjoy. I recommend putting the old drive as primary (master) on the first IDE channel and putting the new drive as slave or as master on the second IDE channel. I don't think trying this risks data on your old drive, but back it up anyway! Good luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: New IDE drive in old PC
On Behalf Of Gayn Winters Sent: Thursday, December 29, 2005 10:04 AM On Behalf Of RW Sent: Thursday, December 29, 2005 9:18 AM On Wednesday 28 December 2005 07:14, Robert Slade wrote: On Tue, 2005-12-27 at 22:12, Robert Ames wrote: I have an old (very old) ASUS P5 motherboard running FreeBSD 5.4. The boot disk is a 40MB Western Digital WD400 IDE drive jumpered to only use 32MB so it can be booted from since the BIOS in this PC (the latest and greatest) can't deal with anything larger than 32MB. This PC is working well for me and I don't want to upgrade it. However I would like to add a lot of disk space. So my question is, can I go out and buy a new 300 GB (or whatever) IDE disk and attach it to the secondary IDE controller and hope to use all 300 GB? I will still use the old disk for booting and to hold the OS. The new disk will be just for data. If this will just work how do I configure the BIOS so the PC will boot with the large drive installed? Robert, If you had to jumper the boot disk for it to work with the BIOS of the motherboard, then the chances are that you would have to do the same with the 2nd hard drive. ISTR that ASUS produced updated BIOS' for most of their motherboards to get around this. Have a look at their website to see if there is and upgrade. There is also a area on the site for questions such as yours. I would have thought the main issue is support for 48-bit LBA. The limit for 32-bit LBA is 137GB (128 GiB). Since the OP wants more disk space and somehow can't upgrade this old BIOS (the preferred option), separate the issue into two: 1. How to boot 2. How to access the large disk. I haven't tried it, but if you installed the large drive as a second disk, then you could boot off the older (jumpered even) hard drive. Even if the BIOS doesn't see the second hard drive, it probably won't go belly up. I would think FreeBSD would then see the second drive when it booted and handle it correctly (since FreeBSD doesn't use the BIOS for access.) Map the second drive as /data and enjoy. I recommend putting the old drive as primary (master) on the first IDE channel and putting the new drive as slave or as master on the second IDE channel. I don't think trying this risks data on your old drive, but back it up anyway! Chuck Swinger's caveat will apply to the above: FreeBSD will use LBA addressing modes, even if your BIOS does not support it. However, to access a drive above 137GB, your hardware needs to support 48-bit LBA. However, you can get a PCI ATA controller to do the job which is cheap and convenient, or simply update your MB to something newer... -- -Chuck -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: SATA 80G HDD can't detect
On Behalf Of rocky Sent: Thursday, December 29, 2005 5:20 PM Subject: SATA 80G HDD can't detect Dear all, I got the Dell PE850 server, which is running SATA with 80G HDD, but I try to boot it up and install the FreeBSD6.0, it can detect the Disk Controller but any HDD. In the boot up screen, it show me the chipset is ICH7. Please help. The ata driver in 6.0 supports ICH7 (man ata). First, double check the fundamentals: cables, power, BIOS, and the daughter card connector. Try the other SATA connector on the MB's daughter card. Does the BIOS see and correctly identify the HDD? Is it set to boot from a SATA or a SCSI drive? Second, run the system diagnostics that came with the PE850. (They take a long time to run.) What do the disk diagnostics say? [Hopefully, since FBSD can't see the HDD, you haven't blown away the utility partition on your HDD. If you have, then you'll have to download them, repartition the HDD and reinstall them.) Cf. http://support.dell.com/support/edocs/systems/pe850/en/it/t8652c30.htm#w p1053632 Third, run the disk manufacturer's diagnostics. Hopefully, all hardware checks ok including the HDD, and the BIOS can boot the system utilities (which in particular means it can read/write the HDD.) I'm assuming you can boot FBSD's first installation disk. You'll need to post the dmesg from that. Also tell us precisely what the fdisk section says. Good luck! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Quick Install Question
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Daniel Goldberg Sent: Tuesday, December 27, 2005 8:14 AM To: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org Subject: Quick Install Question Dear FreeBSD- I'm a FreeBSD 6.0 newbie and very excited. Could you please by any chance answer the following basic install Question? What is the order of installing FreeBSD for a dual-boot XP environment on a single HDD using GAG (ie, which do I install first, which partition for each os, is there a resource for this answer published somewhere anyway???) Welcome to FreeBSD! By all means read the Handbook before going any further. Also, the FAQ's (both on freebsd.org) are very helpful to newbies. One very nice thing about FreeBSD is the huge number of resources available on the web. Google for them. The quick answer to your question is install XP first, then FreeBSD. The reason is that Windows is very impolite relative to coexisting with other OS's, and it overwrites the MBR! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: HP Pavillion laptop can't boot FreeBSD
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Derrick Ryalls Sent: Thursday, December 22, 2005 6:35 PM To: Ted Mittelstaedt Cc: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Re: HP Pavillion laptop can't boot FreeBSD On 12/22/05, Ted Mittelstaedt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Derrick Ryalls Greetings, I recently purchased an HP Pavillion laptop (dv8000) that has an AMD-64 CPU, with the intent on running FreeBSD 6.0 (i386) as a dual boot option. I have installed BSD numerous times on various desktops, but this is my first attempt on a laptop. When I boot off the CD, before the boot menu comes up, an error message comes up: elf32_lookup_symbol: corrupt symbol table. Then the normal boot menu comes up, at which point selecting option 1 (normal) or option 2 (without ACPI) causes the BTX loader to halt after displaying some hex errors. I even tried hitting option 6, unsettng acpi_load, then booting, but the same error comes up. I tried 6.0 AMD-64 and didn't get as far. Before the boot menu could come up, it continually spews what appears to be the same/similar hex errors and didn't even respond to Cntrl-Alt-Delete. Trying 5.4, I don't get the elf32 error before the boot menu, but if I select option 1 it has trouble loading ACPI and then shuts down. Selecting option 2 (with the 5.4 cd) does not bring up an error, the system just shuts down. Out of curiousity, I tried a Knoppix 4.0 CD and was able to fully boot and get a functioning system up (albeit running off the CD). My bios has painfully few options, such as boot order and disabling the onboard wireless nic, nothing else. Is there something else I should try, or do I have to wait for the time being? TIA for any suggestions. -Derrick On 12/21/05, Ted Mittelstaedt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: boot off floppies and try a ftp install. Or, boot windows and burn the freebsd cd in the laptop (i assume the laptop has a cd burner) sounds like a media error. Ted I don't have a floppy drive to use, but in any case I used 3 different FreeBSD CDs, all failed. One of the CDs I had previously used to install on a desktop, so I doubt it is a media issue. Try booting a 4.11 CD, I have systems which will boot 4.11 fine but will not boot 5.4 or later. If an install works on that, I would send-pr the bug. Also, make sure to firmware/bios update the laptop. Ted I tried 4.11 and got the hex errors even quicker, no chance to interrupt boot sequence. There isn't a bios update available for it either. Assuming you've double checked the BIOS version and tried burning the install CDs on that CDROM drive, I'd try actually installing various OS's. Try FreeDOS, any version of Linux, another copy of Windows. Try first various bootable CDs (games, diagnostics, etc.) as they are quick tests. If all can install, then send-pr. If you get errors on another OS or bootable CD, then suspect the CDROM drive. In the meantime, you might buy yourself a USB floppy drive (handy in any case, especially if/when you need to update the BIOS) and see if you can boot from that. The HP support desk will help you diagnose the CDROM drive and with booting from a USB floppy drive. Good luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Boot error
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of rajoor Sent: Thursday, December 22, 2005 8:21 PM To: Giorgos Keramidas Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Boot error Giorgos Keramidas wrote: On 2005-12-23 14:18, Ariane Ron Joordens [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Afternoon All, My FreeBSD 6.0 computer refuses to boot. It gets to the screen where it pauses for 10 seconds and gives you the choice of 8 boot options, and then...nothing! Choosing the default option shows a single line /boot/kernel/acpi.ko text= etc,... then the next line shows |, and that's it. All the other boot options show just the | and that's it. I have waited for up to 30 minutes, but no change. The only way out is to reset the computer. Prior to this prblem the computer worked perfectly. FreeBSD 5.4 was installed about 4 months ago, this was upgraded to 6.0 about 2 months ago. Everything had been recompiled and I never had any problems, until this. I suspect that my 2 year old son has been pressing the power button repeatedly which may have caused this. Do you still have the FreeBSD install CD-ROM? You can use that to boot. DON'T INSTALL ANYTHING, though :) Just make sure that the CD-ROM boots fine up to the sysinstall menu. If that works, then there's definitely something wrong with the kernel or the other boot files you have on disk, and we'll see what can be done. Thanks Giorgos, The install cd boots just fine. So I then looked up the manual and tried to boot from /boot/kernel.old.kernel but that doesn't work either. What can we do next? Ron Next: Boot from a CD that has diagnostics and check your hard drive. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: change max username length
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Lowell Gilbert Sent: Saturday, December 17, 2005 8:54 AM To: aksis Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: change max username length aksis [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Is there a simple was to change the max username length? Check the archives of this list; this has been discussed more than once in the last month. ___ From man adduser: The user name is restricted to whatever pw(8) will accept. Generally this means it may contain only lowercase char- acters or digits. Maximum length is 16 characters. The reasons for this limit are historical. Given that people have tradition- ally wanted to break this limit for aesthetic reasons, it has never been of great importance to break such a basic fundamental parameter in UNIX. You can change UT_NAMESIZE in utmp.h and recompile the world; people have done this and it works, but you will have problems with any precompiled programs, or source that assumes the 8-character name limit and NIS. The NIS protocol mandates an 8-character username. If you need a longer login name for e-mail addresses, you can define an alias in /etc/mail/aliases. Plus here's a pointer to one discussion. http://unix.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/FreeBSD/questions/2005-04/1879.h tml Our only application for this is email, and aliases work fine. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: New to FreeBSD, need some questions answered
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Andrew Falanga Sent: Wednesday, December 14, 2005 7:30 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: New to FreeBSD, need some questions answered Hi, I'm new to FreeBSD but not to UNIX. The guy who burned me the 6.0 release iso's told me that during the install, FreeBSD would detect my Windows XP drive but it didn't. I have two hard drives, one for FreeBSD one for Windows. The FreeBSD drive is SATA and the Windows is PATA (IDE, but I'm sure you all knew that). I've been reading through the Handbook, but I don't see in there how to configure the bootloader to boot Windows. I'd like very much to use the bootloader as I'm sick of going into CMOS every time and changing the first drive in the system so that I get the OS I want. Please help. You mean you got through the install and when you were asked on which slice you wanted to install FreeBSD you were only offered the choice of the SATA drive? If you have a working FreeBSD system, what does dmesg say? What does fdisk (from inside FreeBSD) say? They both only see the SATA drive? Boot the system from DOS and run DOS's fdisk; what does it say? If all the FreeBSD utilities can see the SATA but not the PATA drive, then I'd check the cable and the jumpers on the PATA drive. Be sure the jumper is NOT set to Cable Select. Once you can see both drives, just answer yes to installing the FreeBSD boot loader during installation. If you don't want to reinstall, read man boot0cfg. Welcome and good luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD router two DSL connections
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ted Mittelstaedt -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Winelfred G. Pasamba Sent: Monday, December 12, 2005 8:26 AM To: Yance Kowara Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: FreeBSD router two DSL connections i use pfSense (www.pfsense.com) Sigh. THIS IS NOT LOAD BALANCING PLEASE QUIT BEING SLOPPY WITH YOUR NETWORKING TERMS I refer you to the pfsense website itself: http://faq.pfsense.org/index.php?sid=13525lang=enaction=artikelcat=6; id=18artlang=en Load balancing is on per connection basis, not a bandwidth basis. All packets in a given flow will go over only one link. In other words, they are redefining the term load balancing into something that is not understood by any previously accepted definition of load balancing, so that people like you can think your getting something for nothing. Once more - FTP to a remote site with your dual DSL links. Copy a FreeBSD ISO file to there. Watch as the upload speed IS NO FASTER THAN ONE OF THE LINKS. Ted I just looked at the pfsense site, and for an Internet Café, it looks promising. Two DSL lines to different ISP's does give a small amount of redundancy. Whether you use two routers or pfsense, you get some sort of load sharing but not load balancing. A more appropriate performance test for an Internet Café would be: Take a dozen PC's each to transfer a FreeBSD 6.0R ISO file from a dozen different mirror sites. Start them at the same time and see how long the all of the transfers take. You can test one DSL connection at N kbps and two DSL connections both at N kbps. You'll undoubtedly see the effect of load sharing if the dozen PC's are more or less evenly divided over the two DSL lines. The redundancy isn't great, and you will pay for it. Namely, two N kbps connections will cost you more than one 2N connection. If you ran my benchmark on a 2N connection you might actually see an improvement over two N kbps connections due to to its inherent load balancing. In any case, with a single (or a small number) of users (Ted's benchmark test) you would definitely see an improvement over two N kbps connections. Now the question: is a faster AND cheaper 2N connection a better setup than two N kbps connections for our fabled Internet Café? I'd personally go with the 2N connection. Almost all the time it would be better. Most large ISPs, for a little more money of course, will give you a faster response time on repairs. The ISP might even provide a bank of modems and you could implement multilink PPP as your backup. Regarding a combination of DSL and cable, that would be where pfsense may shine. This combo would definitely give a little better redundancy than two DSL connections to two ISP because the cable comes in to you building differently than the DSL/phone lines. A backhoe would have less chance of taking both out. Honestly, I still think a 2N connection would be better. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Lousy network performance ...
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Kiffin Gish Sent: Tuesday, December 13, 2005 1:16 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Lousy network performance ... I am having problems with a slow Internet DSL-connection, especially while surfing around the web. My service-provider claims that his network is just fine (of course!) and that the problem is because of all the 'so-called junk' I have configured on my home network on my side of the connection. On my side of the adsl-modem/router I have a router which is connected directly to two Windows XP desktops, via a switch to two FreeBSD machines (webserver and fileserver) and via a wireless link my combo FreeBSD/Windows XP laptop. I have Samba running for file exchange bweteen the Windows and FreeBSD boxes and I have port 80 opened on the adsl-moden/router to allow access to a couple of web sites I am running. Is there some kind of way to prove my ISP is wrong by doing a trace? What tools are available? How can I demonstrate that the bottleneck is not my home network but the DSL-connection? Unplug your router, plug in a PC to the adsl-modem. Set the PC to your router's external IP address, DNS, and gateway. Test the speed. (If your ISP won't provide a speed test, Google for DSL speed test and pick an appropriate one.) If you got your ISP to visit you, this is what they would do. They won't (and shouldn't) believe anything else. Your web sites will be down for less than 5 minutes. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: What are the supported wireless PCI cards under freeBSD?
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of hesham marei Sent: Monday, December 12, 2005 3:38 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: What are the supported wireless PCI cards under freeBSD? Where can I find a list of the supported wireless PCI cards for freeBSD? I have tried google and the handBook. But I couldn't find a simple clear answer. The Handbook has a section (2.10) called Supported Hardware. It says look in Release Information and gives a link http://www.freebsd.org/releases/index.html. On that page if you click on Hardware Notes (for 6.0 would be best) you'll get not only the wireless card list (section 3.6), but all supported hardware. Sometimes you get more detailed information (especially on chipsets) in the man pages for the driver itself; it is always worth checking! I am new for FreeBSD and my experience is just linux. Welcome! Is there any especial recommendation to wireless PCI? I'm happy with my Cisco/Aironet card, but there are many newer and faster ones. Surely someone on this list will have just tried a relatively new one on 6.0! Does Linksys Wireless PCI CARD network works under freeBSD? There are several listed in the Hardware Notes for 6.0 How can I know the chipset sold on the PCI card? Usually the manufacturer will have the technical specifications for their products on their web site. Best of luck! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD starter machine
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Pietro Cerutti Sent: Monday, December 12, 2005 3:56 PM To: Chris Whitehouse; FreeBSD Subject: Re: FreeBSD starter machine On 12/13/05, Chris Whitehouse [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: A way to use your current machine for both operating systems without dual booting is to install a second hard disk, install FreeBSD and select which to boot from in the bios. It's a slight faff changing boot disk but works fine and keeps the OS's completely separate. Could you please tell me the problems which could rise using dual boot? I really can't imagine any, since the two (or more) OSes are on different slices, and can't interfere which each other in any way. One disadvantage to dual boot is that you can't get one OS to talk to the other over the net. This disadvantage is shared by the above idea. You can, however, transfer files via a shared file system, and this is worth learning. Of course, a special case is to share files via CD, floppy, jump drive, etc. If you are not careful you can mess up your boot block. Windows will do this for you without asking permission! This is easily repaired, however. While switching boot disk in the BIOS works, if you've gone to the trouble to mount a second disk and load FreeBSD on it, I'd recommend just installing the FreeBSD boot loader. In the installation process, just say yes to that question, and you're set! Other boot loaders have their proponents. Grub seems to be very popular. As unfriendly as it is, even the NT boot loader can be made to work (I think the Handbook has a section on this). -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Freebsd 5.4+samba
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Monah Baki Subject: Freebsd 5.4+samba I just installed Freebsd 5.4 with samba 3.x, I'm running a calyx software, and the 6 clients are winxp. The smb.conf is as simple as possible. I noticed that some clients are very slow to connect to the share drive and run a database search. The server is a dell 8400 optiplex, no scsi HDD (sata I think), 3Ghz and 512MB Ram. I was wandering if there's a way to optimize samba, or freebsd. Right now performance wise is worse then when they connect to the same database on a win2003 server and I need to get the win2003 server out of the picture. I'm sure you'll get a lot of help on this forum, but I suggest you split your problem up. Focus first on your server: How is it configured? Have you tested the performance of file IO locally? Are you swapping? Is anything else running besides the samba processes and calyx? Have you considered 6.0 for file performance reasons? Test the speed of your database searches locally before you worry about testing them over the network. Next the network: What hardware are you using? How is it configured? Are all clients connecting at maximum speed (typically 100mbps full duplex)? How fast is a single client file transfer (without samba and without other connections to the server? Is the network overloaded with other traffic? Since you say some clients, what is different? Test using IP addresses not names. Next naming: If the low level network is fine, then slow connect time is usually a name resolution problem. What is different on the slow clients? Is samba your WINS server? Figure out how each client is resolving names and in particular resolving the name of the server. Do you have any master browser conflicts? Test each client's connect time with a non-samba program, e.g. ssh. Note ping sometimes gives you a clue if the first packet sent using a name and not an IP address times out. Check carefully that your default domain name suffixes are correct. Samba: It should be pretty fast out of the box if the above is working fine. I've never noticed any performance degradation using samba as a WINS server, and I recommend it. Turn it on in smb.conf and be sure to set it so that it wins any master browser elections. If you still think Win2003 is outperforming samba on comparable hardware, then you'll need to gather a lot more data. Calyx: I don't know anything about it. If local queries run fast (step 1), and the above are fast, then it would seem to me that its client has a problem. If it is only a client database (like QuickBooks or Access) that uses samba for its files, then you are into another class of performance problems and the calyx experts need to help you. (For example, the performance tunings for QuickBooks are much different that those for Access.) I'd recommend splitting your question to this forum up into separate questions formulating each so that it is interesting in its own right and includes what you have learned in previous steps. Best of luck, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD starter machine
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Matt S. Gann Sent: Sunday, December 11, 2005 8:08 PM To: freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org Subject: FreeBSD starter machine I have a few questions about FreeBSD. I am just beginning to get into UNIX. I know a few line commands, but really want to get familiar and comfortable with the OS. I have been intrugued by FreeBSD for many years now, but I own a windows-based PC and am not keen about running dual OS's. I would like to get a cheap, used, small desktop or laptop to tinker with Unix/Linix and FreeBSD. However, I know little to nothing about system requirements and/or hardware compability. I was thinking of an old 486 or Pentium 1 to get started. Any thoughts on what I could start with? Dual booting works fine if you have some extra disk space (or an extra disk you can add.) If you want a separate PC, then don't use too old of a machine. While it is fun doing useful things on old systems, for your first unix system you don't want to spend too much time getting old hardware to work or repairing it when it dies. Your time is better spent learning the OS. Also, while I would recommend learning a unix system in command mode before bringing up a windowing system, if you want to learn unix windowing systems, then you are going to want a somewhat faster cpu with a decent video system. With a little looking around, you can probably get, at near zero cost, a PC that is 5 years old. That will put you in the 400Mhz+ range and any unix will be very happy with most configurations that you find on such a PC. I'd insist on a 100mbps NIC and a decent CDROM as well. Make sure the PC boots from the CDROM. (Try before you buy.) Not only is a unix installation easier when booting from a CD, but there are several handy CD based tools and diagnostics. I'd also look for a bigger box with a few spare PCI slots so that you can add stuff easily as you are learning. For $19 I bought a new 2-port Belkin KVM switch, which I use to switch between my MS-Windows PC and my other desktop, which I will soon upgrade from FreeBSD 5.4 to 6.0. This saves a lot of space on my desk, and switching between the two is just a couple keystrokes. You might consider it. It is especially handy when you are trying out different installations. For my FreeBSD servers, I use Putty to ssh into them from my Windows machine (and openssh from my FreeBSD machines.) The key thing is to make it easy to access your unix system(s) so that you learn faster. Have fun! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: installation
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of jon freddy Sent: Wednesday, December 07, 2005 7:43 PM I use Linux, but for a project I am doing it involves the BSD port system so now I want to experience it for myself. As I said I have Linux and Windows with GRUB. If I try and install FreeBSD will it detect I already have grub, a swap drive? Will it also give me an option to partition it? FreeBSD won't detect GRUB, but you can have FreeBSD not touch the MBR during the install so that you are on your own to configure your favorite boot loader after (or before for that matter) installing FreeBSD. To configure swap space, read man swapon/off/cfg in http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=swaponsektion=8apropos=0manp ath=FreeBSD+6.0-RELEASE+and+Ports. You can get the FreeBSD installer to partition your hard drive, but given you have two other OS's on your hard drive, I'd recommend that you use an FDISK-like utility before you install FreeBSD so that you are happy with your (DOS)partitions first. It is easy to select the appropriate (DOS) partition for FreeBSD during the install. I strongly recommend reading about installations, slices, and (BSD) partitions in the FreeBSD Handbook http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html. Welcome to FreeBSD, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: how to copy MBR??
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Javier Matos Sent: Saturday, December 03, 2005 5:50 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: how to copy MBR?? Hi, I will change the hard drive of my computer and I was thinking that maybe it can run if I make partitions in the new hard drive (the same number of partitions using the same device name), copy all the files contained in the old hard drive to the new one and finally copy MBR from old hard drive to the new one... . Can it be a solution to the problem of changing hard drives of my computer or that that I tell is a stupid thing?? Javier, You should do a little reading first. The Handbook has a good section on this, and there are MANY posts on the topic. The bottom line is that a naïve copy using dd or cp won't work. (Well, dd will work but assuming your new disk is larger, it won't be optimal.) You are probably better off with a new install on the new disk, and then doing dump and restore to transfer the relevant user data. This is a good time to rethink how your data are stored, and the handbook has a section on rearranging your directories. This is a popular topic and there are any HOWTO's out there that Google will find for you. If you have room physically, using the old disk as an extra drive is something I'd suggest as well. In fact, it makes the dump|restore work particularly well. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Status of 6.0 for production systems
There are some things broken in 5.4 that are still broken in 6.0 with regards to support of older hardware. In particular the ida driver is a mess - EISA support in that was busted years ago, then 5.X busted support for more 'modern' systems like the Compaq 1600R HP DL series of systems are kind of a moving target anyway, unfortunately. For those sytems I still use 4.11 (in fact I just setup 2 new 4.11 production systems two days ago) However, 6.0 is a requirement for currently shipping hardware, in particular the Intel series of boxed server motherboards, if you want to use raid and sata drives, since Intel seems to like to change it's motherboard chipsets as fast as most people change their underpants. I'm actually building a 6.0 production server today. (5.4 and earlier will not recognize the disk array) It would be nice if we could get more support for SATA raid in the atacontrol program. Ted On the plus side, I've thrown a lot of hardware at FreeBSD with great success. On the other hand, FreeBSD's primary weakness seems to be the support of newer hardware. I suppose I shouldn't be surprised to hear of problems with older hardware as well, and Ted's solution of pairing older hardware with an older release seems reasonable if in fact one has the experience to support the older release. (I don't, since I jumped to FreeBSD at release 5.1.) I recall sos@ complaining (well, at least mentioning) that his work on ata was hampered by a lack of hardware. I'm sure other developers that support drivers have the same problem. I've been wondering what could be done about this - at least for 6.0++. I assume we don't have enough volume to interest many hardware manufacturers into developing FreeBSD drivers for their hardware. BUT, do our driver developers get early access to specs and (if it would help) source code to other drivers? What would that take? Do we have relationships with hardware manufactures to get samples and prototypes for our driver developers? Or, do we simply have to wait and buy retail versions of the hardware? -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Masquerading Virtual domains in sendmail
I'm installing sendmail.8.13.3 on FBSD 5.4 on node.domain1.com. I've configured /etc/mail/local-host-names to accept mail for domain1.com and domain2.com. My user names look like bob.domain1.com and (a different Bob) bob.domain2.com. Inside /etc/mail/virtusertable I map [EMAIL PROTECTED] bob.domain1.com [EMAIL PROTECTED] bob.domain2.com Inbound all is well. BUT, What I can't figure out is how to masquerade mail from bob.domain1.com as being from [EMAIL PROTECTED] AND ALSO HAVE bob.domain2.com masqueraded as being from [EMAIL PROTECTED] One test of this working is to be able to register both Bob's in the FreeBSD mailing lists as [EMAIL PROTECTED] and [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ideas? References? Thanks, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Masquerading Virtual domains in sendmail
-Original Message- From: Ahnjoan Amous [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, November 09, 2005 6:27 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Masquerading Virtual domains in sendmail On 11/9/05, Gayn Winters [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm installing sendmail.8.13.3 on FBSD 5.4 on node.domain1.com. I've configured /etc/mail/local-host-names to accept mail for domain1.com and domain2.com. My user names look like bob.domain1.com and (a different Bob) bob.domain2.com. Inside /etc/mail/virtusertable I map [EMAIL PROTECTED] bob.domain1.com [EMAIL PROTECTED] bob.domain2.com Inbound all is well. BUT, What I can't figure out is how to masquerade mail from bob.domain1.com as being from [EMAIL PROTECTED] AND ALSO HAVE bob.domain2.com masqueraded as being from [EMAIL PROTECTED] One test of this working is to be able to register both Bob's in the FreeBSD mailing lists as [EMAIL PROTECTED] and [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ideas? References? Thanks, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com Try a Google search on genericstable. I'm not sure if this is exactly what you are looking for as you are trying to send mail via the same username but it is what I use to specify sender domain for different users. Understanding this may not be how you want to solve the issue, you could send as bobA@ and bobB@ and genericstable could translate that to whatever you would like. Ahnjoan Thank you Ahnjoan. It looks like reversing the two columns of virtusertable to get genericstable gets me part of what I need; namely, the mail headers should translate correctly. Unfortunately, digging through the bat book and googling, it doesn't seem like the envelopes will get masqueraded, when I actually need them to be masqueraded on a per domain basis. The macro MASQUERADE_AS seems to be a global operation, which I don't want. Does anyone know if FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope') will work without MASQUERADE_AS? Somehow to me it seems like most ISP's have this problem. Thanks again, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Configuring default 6.0 install to send mail
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Brooke Landers Sent: Wednesday, November 09, 2005 6:38 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Configuring default 6.0 install to send mail Hello list. I am learning FreeBSD and I'd like to know how to configure Sendmail to simply forward mail although it seems it's doing this by default. I can send mail, but it's being rejected since mylocalhost.mydomain.com doesn't resolve. I'm using internal hosts that will never have DNS entries. I'm looking for somewhere where I can specify that [EMAIL PROTECTED] can send mail as [EMAIL PROTECTED] I'm pretty sure that my mail would be accepted if I can do this. I don't want to set up a mail server, I'd just like to know how I can get my logs and admin mail forwarded to an external address. I apologize for not sending this to a sendmail list, but I figured there may be something simple and specific to FreeBSD that I have overlooked. Thank you for any help :) BL Check out section 22.8 of the Handbook regarding ssmtp. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables
-Original Message- From: Peter Clutton [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, November 03, 2005 2:30 PM To: Steve Bertrand Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables On 11/4/05, Steve Bertrand [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Using gmirror to mirror two identical drives, how much of a performance hit is it to have 1. Both drives on one IDE cable? Compared to: 2. One drive primary on one cable and one secondary on the other cable? Compared to: 3. Both drives primary but on separate IDE cables? My understanding that only a single drive on each IDE channel can be accessed at any one time. Thus, if you put one drive on one channel, and the other drive on the second channel, they can be accessed simultaneously. The location on the cable(s) does not matter, That is correct about the two channels, one should be on each. However it does make a difference as to primary or secondary, if you have other drives attached (such as cdrom). Try putting the cdrom as primary, then secondary, and have a watch to discover the difference. This might not be noticed with a normal secondary hard drive, as you may not write to it much. However in a mirror the second is always written to, and you will notice the difference if you are also using the cdrom Apologies to everyone, but I'm still a little confused... If the hard drive has a decent buffer, then doesn't (or at least couldn't) a write free up the IDE channel right after the buffer fills and before the buffer empties and the write is complete? In which case, can't a second write to the other drive on the channel overlap the first disk writing out its buffer? At the very least couldn't gmirror have the smarts to do this by interleaving the main and mirrored writes appropriately (given the size of the buffers)? Of course, mirroring should go faster if the mirror is on a different channel. As for a write to a secondary drive being slower than the same write to a primary drive... Why should that be? Doesn't the write data contain the address (0=primary or 1=secondary) on the IDE channel of the drive to which the write is going? If this is the case, then why should one be slower than the other? Thanks for the help! -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables
-Original Message- From: Ted Mittelstaedt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, November 04, 2005 1:26 PM To: Steve Bertrand; [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Steve Bertrand Sent: Thursday, November 03, 2005 7:28 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables Using gmirror to mirror two identical drives, how much of a performance hit is it to have 1. Both drives on one IDE cable? Compared to: 2. One drive primary on one cable and one secondary on the other cable? Compared to: 3. Both drives primary but on separate IDE cables? My understanding that only a single drive on each IDE channel can be accessed at any one time. Which may or may not matter depending on what he's doing. Are we talking mainly reads or writes here? Ted I was mostly thinking about writes; however, now that you raise the issue, can gmirror interleave reads from the two mirrored disks? -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: gmirror clearing configuration
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Dave Sent: Friday, November 04, 2005 3:31 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: gmirror clearing configuration Hello, I'm trying to set up raid1 on fbsd 5.4-RELEASE no patches yet installed just a vanilla release box. I've messed up somewhere, the primary drive is smaller than the secondary drive and i'm using Ralf's second procedure. My problem is i can't clear the metadata from either the first or second drive so i can start again, i load gmirror then issue a gmirror clear and it says it can't clear the metadata. Any help appreciated. Thanks. Dave. I'm sure others have more gmirror experience than I do, but maybe this will help... The metadata is stored in the last sector of the logical disk. Zap both physical disks with dd if=/dev/zero of=... skip=n-1 count=1 bs=512b where n is the number of sectors. After you do this you'll of course need to rebuild the mirror. Backup and be careful!!! You can also do this with the gmirror utilities by removing one drive from the mirror, then undoing the mirror and the remaining drive (which zeroes the last sector) and then rebuilding. When I tried this once, I had a little trouble with the fact that the removed drive still had the metadata on its last sector. I think I had to zap its last sector prior to adding it back into the mirror. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
gmirror on 1 or 2 IDE cables
Using gmirror to mirror two identical drives, how much of a performance hit is it to have 1. Both drives on one IDE cable? Compared to: 2. One drive primary on one cable and one secondary on the other cable? Compared to: 3. Both drives primary but on separate IDE cables? Thanks, -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: What does Replaced Drive: mean in raidutil?
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Marc G. Fournier Sent: Monday, October 31, 2005 9:23 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: What does Replaced Drive: mean in raidutil? Stupid question, but considering that all the others state 'Optimal', I'm a wee bit concerned: # raidutil -L physical AddressType Manufacturer/Model Capacity Status -- - d0b0t3d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Optimal d0b0t4d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Optimal d0b0t5d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Optimal d0b1t0d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Replaced Drive d0b1t1d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Optimal d0b1t2d0 Disk Drive (DASD) SEAGATE ST336607LC 35003MB Optimal Does that mean it *needs* to be replaced, or ... ? Googling: replaced drive raidutil Gives several good hits, e.g., http://perlstalker.amigo.net/FreeBSD/RAID.phtml?pf=1 Looks to me like you've replaced the original drive with the one that is marked Replaced Drive. See the example in the above link. There are other links from Google that have more extensive examples. -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: DMA errors
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mike Jeays Sent: Saturday, October 29, 2005 4:28 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: DMA errors I have a 40GB Maxtor D740X-6L disk, and have been unable to install 5.4 or 6.0 on it. I get errors: ad0: FAILURE WRITE_DMA STATUS=51 READY,DSC,ERROR error=84 (IRC, ABORTED) LBA=.. as soon as I try to commmit the changes in sysinstall. I have checked that the IDE cable is the 80-wire type, and cleaned up the connections and so on. I tried installing Ubuntu on this disk, and everything went perfectly. (Those guys have done a really great job, by the way). Is there some configuration trick I have missed? Well, my first guess would be that you have a cable problem. Try a new cable and/or make sure that the disk is on the master plug (at the end of the 80-wire cable) and that the jumper on the drive is set to master (DS and not cable select CS). If you still have a problem, pls list mboard, controller, and give output of fdisk and bsdlabel. (Do the latter before trying the commit.) -gayn Bristol Systems Inc. 714/532-6776 www.bristolsystems.com ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Sed howto
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of
Bill Campbell
Sent: Friday, October 28, 2005 8:38 AM
To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
Subject: Re: Sed howto
On Fri, Oct 28, 2005, Kövesdán Gábor wrote:
Hello,
I'm looking for a good sed howto that can be useful for
contributing to ports collection. Replacing text is I'm especially
interested in.
Besides, could somebody explain me, when we use
USE_REINPLACE= YES and ${REINPLACE_CMD}, and when we use just ${SED}?
It isn't a HOWTO, but the best sed documentation I've ever
read is in the book ``Unix Text Processing'' by Dougherty and
O'Reilly. I
think it's out of print, but you can download it in PDF format from
O'Reilly
for free. It also has excellent documentation on quite a few other
*nix
utilities, and is one of those books that I think should be on every
*nix hackers
bookshelf along with Kernighan and Pike's ``Unix Programming
Environment''.
Bill
--
I concur. The 20 pages on sed are probably part of what you want. It
doesn't answer your besides... however. Perhaps someone else can help
there. Here's a link to O'Reilly:
http://www.oreilly.com/openbook/utp/UnixTextProcessing.pdf
-gayn
Bristol Systems Inc.
714/532-6776
www.bristolsystems.com
___
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http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
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RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ...
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Andrew P. Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 12:35 PM To: user Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... Imagine that each data block is marked with labels on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there are, there will be only one data block saved. In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around for a precise definition of snapshot. Man mksnap_ffs wasn't too helpful, and googling for snapshot etc. wasn't fruitful. I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user at dhp.com) may also need such a definition. Can someone provide a pointer to a specification or at least an RFC-like paper? Thanks, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... - resolved, but two more Qs
-Original Message- From: user [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2005 1:51 PM To: Gayn Winters Cc: 'Andrew P.'; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: FreeBSD UFS2 snapshots, and math ... - resolved, but two more Qs Folks, On Thu, 20 Oct 2005, Gayn Winters wrote: Imagine that each data block is marked with labels on change. It doesn't matter how many labels there are, there will be only one data block saved. In trying to follow this thread, I started looking around for a precise definition of snapshot. Man mksnap_ffs wasn't too helpful, and googling for snapshot etc. wasn't fruitful. I'm guessing that the original author of the thread (user at dhp.com) may also need such a definition. Can someone provide a pointer to a specification or at least an RFC-like paper? I found one: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/ufs/ffs/README.s napshot?rev=1.4 and further, I did some tests and discovered that what I was being told (by you folks) was indeed correct. No matter how many snapshots you have, the changes in blocks since the tiem before the first snapshot is only recorded in one of them. That is to say, if I do the following: - create 4 1gig /dev/zero filled files - create a snapshot - overwrite one of those 1gig files with /dev/random My free space will have decreased by 1gig. So far so good. If I then: - create a second snapshot - overwrite a different 1gig file with /dev/random My free space merely decreases by another 1gig. It makes sense to me now because it has occurred to me that since the second file had not changed between the creation of the first and second snapshot, there is no reason for _both_ snapshots to _both_ say this 1gig random file used to be filled with zeros - it would be redundant. So that's great ... but I am curious, how do they know ? I think my previous assumption (that the first _and_ the second snapshot file would _both_ have to record the change of file #2 from zero to random) was based on the notion that these snapshot files were totally autonomous and independent, and had no general organization behind them. If that was the case, then I am still fairly certain both snapshots would need to record the change of the second file. So what is the behind the scenes organization that makes it possible for the snapshot files to not duplicate data like that ? ALSO, I have noticed that if you: - dd 1gig /dev/zero file - create snapshot - overwrite that 1gig file with /dev/random (free space decreases by 1gig, as expected) - rewrite that 1gig file with /dev/zero again You _don't_ get that 1gig of free space back ... which surprises me, since it was all zeros before, and its all zeros now ... how does the snapshot know those are different zeros ? And what ramifications does this have for restoring, etc., if identical files do not get counted as identical in the snapshot ? thanks. I just finished skimming an old paper by McKusick on Soft Updates: http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/usenix99/full_pap ers/mckusick/mckusick.pdf This paper is dated 1999. Does anyone know if it accurately reflects how soft updates and snapshots in FreeBSD 5.4 are implemented? If so, it would answer the above questions. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Replacing a failing HD
-Original Message- From: Craig Deal [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, October 19, 2005 7:07 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: RE: Replacing a failing HD I tried this and got the following error: ad0: FAILURE - READ_DMA status=51READY,DSC,ERROR error=40UNCORRECTABLE LBA=8387712 A couple ideas for dd: Have you tried bs=512b ? How about conv=noerror ? -gayn Using bs=512b worked. I booted to the new disk and everything looks ok. I also ran fsck in single user mode, which indicated no problems. Can I assume everything is ok, or is there anything else I should check? Craig I'm sure it is ok, but I'd double check the output of fdisk and bsdlabel. You've got some extra space now and you may want to use it. Read the handbook on moving to a larger disk. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Replacing a failing HD
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Ramakrishna Nalla Sent: Tuesday, October 18, 2005 9:52 PM To: Bob Ababurko Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org; Craig Deal Subject: Re: Replacing a failing HD But, won't doing a dd between two disks with incompatible sizes create a bad partition table on the destination drive? TIA, Rama Not really a bad partition table, if what you mean is bad=corrupted. Using dd you copy blocks, and this will correctly bring the partition table along. What you do not get initially is the full utilization of the larger drive. Thus if you dd a 40GB drive (or slice) to a 60GB one, you'll only get the image of the 40GB drive that is initially usable. You will have 20GB that is not - at least initially - usable. Nothing stops you from reorganizing the larger disk, however. I think the original problem in this thread was a quick save of a failing disk. dd is great for this. If you were simply going to utilize a larger disk, then you'd be better off using fdisk to slice it up, creating your bsd partitions and then using dump|restore to get things where you want them. I think the Handbook has a nice section on doing this. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Replacing a failing HD
Craig Deal wrote: Hope it's ok to continue this thread, but can you explain in more detail how to use dd to copy a HD. I read man dd and was unable to figure out how this is done. Thanks, Craig ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] This is what I have done in the past. dd if=/dev/da0 of=/dev/da1 bs=8192b where da0 is the disk you want to copy and da1 is the new, blank disk. I should also mention that it is wise to do this in single user mode. I actually have read this somewhere and understand the point of it, but I must also say that I have done it both ways and they have both worked. YMMV I would have to say it is all dependant and what you have running. I have done this too many times to count and it is very easy. peace, Bob I tried this and got the following error: ad0: FAILURE - READ_DMA status=51READY,DSC,ERROR error=40UNCORRECTABLE LBA=8387712 A couple ideas for dd: Have you tried bs=512b ? How about conv=noerror ? -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Looking for recommendations for external USB2.0 tape backup
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of daniel Sent: Friday, October 14, 2005 12:20 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Looking for recommendations for external USB2.0 tape backup My boss has asked me to try to find a tape-backup solution for our largely FreeBSD network of machines and I'm not having a lot of luck, so I was hoping for some enlightend pointers from the list. We need the following features: 20GB+ capacity USB 2.0 External $600CDN Unfortunately, I've only been able to find two drives that fit our requirements, one from Ceterance: http://www.certance.com/products/travan/travan40/STT6401U2-SST the other from HP who claims that theirs only works with HP-UX. Does anyone know if (a) either of those units play nice with FreeBSD? or (b) if there are other tape backup solutions available? Thanks for any insight. Have you considered an external USB2.0 hard drive? I love my Maxtor One Touch. On nextag.com I see a 300GB for $218 USD at Newegg. It may be worth rethinking your backup and archiving strategies. (I use removable hard drives for archiving, but that's another story...) -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Nessus no longer open source
One of the highest rated open source security programs, nessus, will no longer be open source. Quoting from an email from Renaud Deraison [EMAIL PROTECTED] to [EMAIL PROTECTED], Nessus 3 will be available free of charge, including on the Windows platform, but will not be released under the GPL. Nessus 3 will be available for many platforms, but do understand that we won't be able to support every distribution / operating system available. I also understand that some free software advocates won't want to use a binary-only Nessus 3. This is why Nessus 2 will continue to be maintained and will stay under the GPL. I'm not sure if Nessus 3 will be supported as a FreeBSD package. Apparently the folks at Tenable feel that they have been supporting the open source community but have been getting little back in plug-ins and vulnerabilities and virtually nothing back on the scanning engine for over six years. In fact, they have been slowly tightening their licensing (cf. http://mail.nessus.org/pipermail/nessus/2005-January/msg00185.html), and it would appear that they can and will continue to tighten it over time. Fyodor's analysis (http://seclists.org/lists/nmap-hackers/2005/Oct-Dec/.html) is that the open source community should take heed. He provides a list of ways to contribute to open source software projects. While the list is excellent, there are no new ideas in it. The thing that seems germane to the FreeBSD community is that ports, even extremely popular ones, are vulnerable, since under the GPL the AUTHOR of the code is not bound by the same restrictions that the users are. I'm not a lawyer, but as I understand it, the author can create a derived work of something under the GPL and license the derived work (a rewrite in the case of nessus 3) and arbitrarily restrict it. Given Renaud's claim that no one contributed to the scanning engine, he seems to have every right to create a new and closed version of it. The moral here, if there is one, is that if you really like a port, then you should contribute to it one way or another! Comments? -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Restoring Data from a DD image
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Bill Schmitt (SW) Sent: Thursday, October 06, 2005 11:11 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Restoring Data from a DD image I've just replaced a hard disk that was dying fast. I've done a full installation of 4.9 (later releases won't install, which I've submitted a problem report on already). The old disk is connected but not mounted. Searching around, I found some suggestions to try to read the old disk to restore what I can and I used dd to copy what could be found (dd -if=/dev/ad0s1e of=/usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg conv=noerror,sync) and it seems to have copied the file. Now, I'm a little stuck. Can someone help me understand how do I mount that image somewhere to browse it and copy what I can from it? If I'm not going about this the right way, I'd appreciate other suggestions I'm a little confused: Did you try to copy (dd) the old disk before you did a new install? If so, to where? Is /dev/ad0 your new disk with the fresh 4.9 installation on ad0s1? Or did you just add a new disk as /dev/ad1 and did the fresh install on ad1s1? Is your unmounted old disk /dev/ad0 or /dev/ad1 now? I'm guessing that ad1 is your new install, ad0 is not mounted, and you were able to copy ad0s1e to oldimag.dmg with the above dd command. If so, continue. If not, send a correction. Why not try mount -r -t ufs /usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg /mnt cd /mnt ls I ***think*** mount will do this. If not, try dd'ing oldimag.dmg to a spare slice, e.g. if you created /tmp as /dev/ad1s1e, then you could dd if=/usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg of=/dev/ad1s1e cd /tmp ls Good luck! -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Restoring Data from a DD image
-Original Message- From: Bill Schmitt (SW) [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, October 06, 2005 1:16 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: Restoring Data from a DD image Gayn Winters wrote: -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Bill Schmitt (SW) Sent: Thursday, October 06, 2005 11:11 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Restoring Data from a DD image I've just replaced a hard disk that was dying fast. I've done a full installation of 4.9 (later releases won't install, which I've submitted a problem report on already). The old disk is connected but not mounted. Searching around, I found some suggestions to try to read the old disk to restore what I can and I used dd to copy what could be found (dd -if=/dev/ad0s1e of=/usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg conv=noerror,sync) and it seems to have copied the file. Now, I'm a little stuck. Can someone help me understand how do I mount that image somewhere to browse it and copy what I can from it? If I'm not going about this the right way, I'd appreciate other suggestions I'm a little confused: Did you try to copy (dd) the old disk before you did a new install? If so, to where? Is /dev/ad0 your new disk with the fresh 4.9 installation on ad0s1? Or did you just add a new disk as /dev/ad1 and did the fresh install on ad1s1? Is your unmounted old disk /dev/ad0 or /dev/ad1 now? I'm guessing that ad1 is your new install, ad0 is not mounted, and you were able to copy ad0s1e to oldimag.dmg with the above dd command. If so, continue. If not, send a correction. Why not try mount -r -t ufs /usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg /mnt cd /mnt ls I ***think*** mount will do this. If not, try dd'ing oldimag.dmg to a spare slice, e.g. if you created /tmp as /dev/ad1s1e, then you could dd if=/usr/olddsk/oldimag.dmg of=/dev/ad1s1e cd /tmp ls Good luck! -gayn Sorry, when I first decided to try FreeBSD, I had a 4.7GB as the primary on ad0 and moved usr to ad1 when I added the drive that ultimately went bad (a 60GB) as ad1. When I had to do a full installation again, I put a new drive (80GB) into place where the 4.7GB drive was and started from scratch with ad1 disabled. So, now I'm booting from the new drive and have used dd to copy whatever is found on the damaged ad1 to an image on ad0. It's after that I get stuck. I've looked at the man page for mount, but I haven't seen anything specific to an image. I tried your suggested mount command, but it responded Block device required. I suppose I can try to dd back to the 4.7GB drive that I would now mount as ad1. We'll see what happens. Thanks, Bill As Joe S suggests, use mdconfig or vnconfig to create the block device, then mount works. (I tried it with mdconfig using 5.4.) Dd'ing to a spare slice or partition will surely work as well. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Sata drives and FBSD
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Steve Bertrand Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2005 7:45 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Sata drives and FBSD Hi all, I have had an issue (as many others have) trying to get STABLE, or even CURRENT running on a box with an ICH6R RAID controller. After install (which appears to be successful), when I reboot it just sits there with a blinking cursor in the top left of the screen. I've tried this numerous times over the past couple months to no avail. Today, I tried another box using a 200GB Sata drive w/o RAID, and the exact same thing happens. I've tried all manner of things to no avail. If someone can shed some light on this issue, I would most appreciate it. Tks, Steve ICH6R isn't supported under 5.4, at least with hardware RAID. You could try the newest 6.0 stable. See man ata. On the other hand, I seem to recall getting ICH6R to run without RAID under 5.4. You might want to publish a dmesg. Regards, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Problems with SATA drive on a Shuttle
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2005 4:37 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Problems with SATA drive on a Shuttle Hi. I'm having problems with FBSD 5.4-S on a machine I built. It is a Shuttle XPC with SATA150 drives. This is typical of the messages I get: initiate_write_filepage: already started ad5: WARNING no status, reselecting device ad5: timeout sending command=ca ad5: error issuing WRITE_DMA command I found some hits on the mailing list indicating a possible hardware problem. I have replaced both SATA drives and switched the SATA connections from the secondary socket to the primary socket. (The drive controller is built into the motherboard.) This happens on both drives but the one with the / filesystem is hit harder with this. I have swap partitions on both drives. Nothing has helped. I'm considering installing Suse Linux on the machine to see of it is a software problem with FreeBSD. I've also thought about trying one of the 6.0-BETAs to see if that makes a difference. Any ideas would be welcome. Thanks... It does matter what controller you have on your m'board. See man ata. Also, 6.0 is far better than 5.4 IMHO for this support at least. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: server reboots every 9 hrs like clock-work
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jason Lieurance Sent: Tuesday, September 27, 2005 9:57 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: server reboots every 9 hrs like clock-work Kris Kennaway said: Check power supply, CPU cooling, try putting it behind a UPS in case your AC power is dropping out (e.g. due to increased load from something kicking in every 9 hours, etc). I will check PS and cooling. It's on a good apc ups so that's not it. Also, forget 9 hrs, it just rebooted 2 with in 10 minutes. -- Jason Well, something is dying... You are doing regular backups, aren't you? :) -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: can not mount a large FAT32 filesystem
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mikhail Teterin Sent: Sunday, September 25, 2005 5:54 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: can not mount a large FAT32 filesystem Hello! I have a 4Gb flash-card with FAT32 filesystem. Whenever I try to mount it (on 5.x and 4.x) I get: msdos: /dev/da0s1: Invalid argument and the kernel complains: da0: reading primary partition table: error reading fsbn 0 mountmsdosfs(): bad FAT32 filesystem The method works with smaller cards in the same card-reader. This card works fine inside the camera, and I can get the pictures via. PTP protocol using gphoto. Fdisk da0 says: *** Working on device /dev/da0 *** parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=7936 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=7936 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 12,(DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT, LBA) start 63, size 7998417 (3905 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 766/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: UNUSED The data for partition 3 is: UNUSED The data for partition 4 is: UNUSED Disklabel da0 says: # /dev/da0: type: SCSI disk: SanDisk label: ImageMate II flags: bytes/sector: 512 sectors/track: 63 tracks/cylinder: 16 sectors/cylinder: 1008 cylinders: 7936 sectors/unit: 7999489 rpm: 3600 interleave: 1 trackskew: 0 cylinderskew: 0 headswitch: 0 # milliseconds track-to-track seek: 0 # milliseconds drivedata: 0 8 partitions: #size offsetfstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg] c: 79994890unused0 0 # (Cyl.0 - 7936*) Perhaps someone else can help sort this out better than I can, but I do note that fdisk doesn't seem to be using the last (logical) cylinder, because it reports using 7998417 + 63 = 7998480 sectors which is exactly 1008 sectors less than 7936 cylinders * 1008 sectors/cylinder = 7999488 sectors. (Why disklabel reports one more sector 7999489 is a mystery to me.) Assuming your BIOS supports LBA, you could try (back up first of course) using fdisk to rewrite the label, or use fdisk to use all the logical cylinders on the card. Also, since you are not trying to boot from the card, having it marked Active is unnecessary at best. Good luck, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: boot on CD?
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Michael W. Holdeman Sent: Monday, September 26, 2005 7:45 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: boot on CD? OK so my proliant 3000 server will not boot to the ide HD that I have successfully loaded FreeBSD 6 beta on 3 times. So what if (and most improtantly HOW) I create a CD with the / and /etc on it that would get the kernel, and the config files from /etc, then once the kernel finds the ide hd, the /usr and /home could stay on teh HD? Does this make any sense? I just want to boot the 3000 far enough for it to recognize the ide HD and then switch to it for the rest. And it does find it when it shows the drives during the boot sequence with the install CD in. Mike While there are many notes on creating your own distribution disk, it is probably easier just to figure out why you can't boot from the HDD. How about giving us both a dmesg and an fdisk report? -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Restore System
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Cody Holland Sent: Wednesday, September 21, 2005 1:48 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Restore System I did a full backup of a server with tar using the following command: tar cpzf servername`date +%m%d%y`.tgz / I'm trying to restore it on another server with the following command: tar -xzpf /path to backup file The problem I'm running into is that the original system is has an IDE harddrive, and the new system is SCSI. I'm getting the following errors: dev/ad0: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1a: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1b: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1c: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1d: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory dev/ad0s1e: Can't restore device node: No such file or directory Is there an easy way around this? Any help would greatly be appreciated. You should probably step back and tell us: 1. What you are trying to accomplish. 2. What hardware you have (both machines). 3. What software you are running (uname -a). You should probably at least reread the Handbook on devices, device naming, backups (in particular dump and restore). Best regards, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Can I Rebuild / and /usr Remotely? Ideas?
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Drew Tomlinson Sent: Tuesday, September 20, 2005 10:01 AM To: FreeBSD Questions Subject: Can I Rebuild / and /usr Remotely? Ideas? I have a system running 5.4-STABLE. I created a geom_stripe disk for /usr. It works fine except that upon reboot, the stripe attempts to load itself twice and thus fails. Therefore, since I have no /usr, the system comes up in single user mode. At that point I can do 'kldunload geom_stripe' and then 'kldload geom_stripe' to get the stripe built and finish booting my system. I sent a problem report describing this behavior. http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=83521 Please see it for details. Based upon the information in the pr, the commiter suggests clearing all metadata on the stripe providers and starting over. When I built this system, I configured the disks using sysinstall. I used the dangerously dedicatedmode just as I had when I ran the 4.x series. I suspect my problems occur because geom_stripe doesn't get along well with disks that are dangerously dedicated. Anyway, my system has 2 9gb drives (da0 and da1) that I wish to use for the main system. I want a 500mb slice as /dev/da0s1a for '/', a 500mb slice as /dev/da1s1b for swap, and the rest of each drive as /dev/daXs1d. I will build my stripe with /dev/da0s1d and /dev/da1s1d and mount it at /usr. Other directories such as /var, /home, etc. will be symlinked to /usr/var, /usr/home, etc. I have remote console access to this machine and want to attempt to rebuild the system remotely. If I mess up, it's not too difficult to physically get to the box but I would like to avoid it if possible. I have another disk on the system (ad0) that is available and large enough to hold the contents of both da0 and da1. Can I backup my system, do the needed operations on da0 and da1, restore da0 and da1, reboot, and still have a working system? I've never used fdisk, bsdlabel, newfs, and whatever else I might need from the command line. Besides the man pages, are there any guides for what I want to do? Even a simple first this, then this, then this type of guide will help me get started. I'd appreciate any help or suggestions on the best way to accomplish this task. I would also appreciate any second opinions regarding other ways to get geom_stripe working properly on this box. Thanks, Drew Drew, I tend to doubt the dangerosly dedicated is your problem. I'd go with the committer's comments. In particular, be sure to clear out the last sector of each disk as well as the first. The geom software uses the last sector for its metadata. With all my thumbs, I've gotten that last sector corrupted before. You can clear it using the geom tools or with dd, but be sure to clear it! (on both disks) -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Software RAID1
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jason King Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 5:16 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Software RAID1 I am having trouble with THESE instructions: http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/mirror/ I'm trying to create a RAID1 system with FreeBSD and the instructions are not working. I'm getting this error: mail# gmirror insert gm0 /dev/da0 Cannot access provider da0. The command is trying to add the first disk /dev/da0 to the mirror gm0. Has anyone else had success at creating a RAID1 mirror on FreeBSD. If so, please let me know how you did it because these instructions are not working at all. Jason ___ Those instructions work fine, but you have to be very careful following them. (See below) An alternate way to use gmirror for software mirroring as is described in http://dannyman.toldme.com/2005/01/24/freebsd-howto-gmirror-system/ These work fine as well. Ralf's instructions, which you quote above, have the advantage of not needing to go into Fixit mode using the 5.4 boot CD (hence it can be executed remotely); however, it takes more typing and more reboots. If you use the latter, note that Ralf uses ATA drives ad0 and ad1, while it looks like you may have da0 and da1. You need to make the appropriate transliteration ad -- da very carefully, especially in the line for the boot loader where ad(1,a) -- da(1,a). This latter paper also outlines how to mirror at the slice, rather than the disk, level. One final hint: if you are playing around with gmirror on the same disks, you can get into a situation where one attempt has left gmirror information on the last sector of your disks. This will confuse gmirror, and you will have to load and use gmirror to clear it out. (or zero the entire disk with dd if=/dev/zero.) Read the man pages on gmirror in any case!!! Best of luck, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: ntp problem :(
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Frank Bonnet Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 7:12 AM To: bannour souha Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: ntp problem :( bannour souha wrote: Hello, I use a FreeBSD 5.3. I want to synchronize my 2 machines. I tried to connect to a ntp server, but I couldn't. When I type this command ntpdate -v ntp.imag.fr, I have the following message: host found ntpdate (imag.imag.fr) : No route to host ntpdate (imag.imag.fr) : No route to host ntpdate (imag.imag.fr) : No route to host ntpdate (imag.imag.fr) : No route to host ...no server suitable for synchronization found I tried also with adding the server name to ntp.conf and typing this command /etc/rc.d/ntpdate restart, but I have the same message. the ping to ntp.imag.fr responds very good have you some idea? may be perhaps I have a proxy , but I don't know what I must doing to synchronize my machines. Can you help me please? Many thanks, Souha the NTP server is not the cause of your problem it seems that *your* machine hasen't a direct access to the Internet. ( no route to host ) -- Cordialement/Regards Frank Bonnet Hmm, pinging from here I see that ntp.imag.fr = imag.imag.fr = 129.80.30.1 so if you can ping that address then you have low level connectivity. One possibility is that something in the middle is blocking port 37. First do a traceroute and see what is in your route to ntp.imag.fr. Could one of the hops stop your ntpdate request? E.g. a firewall? Are you sure that the time service is running? Can you get to it from another machine? Does ntp.imag.fr require that you register to use ntp? If so, their firewall would block you until you register. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Software RAID1
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jason King Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 10:27 AM To: Jerry McAllister Cc: Andrea Venturoli; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Software RAID1 Ok, I made the correction and I'm still getting these errors: mail# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/da0 bs=512 count=79 dd: /dev/da0: Operation not permitted mail# gmirror configure -a gm0 mail# gmirror insert gm0 /dev/da0 Cannot access provider da0. You can see from the above what section I am working on. It doesn't make sense to me. I'm following the instructions verbatim. I only created one slice and one partition. Any other ideas? Jason Please post the relevant portions of dmesg so that we can see what hardware (disks and controllers) you've got. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Software RAID1
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jason King Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 10:37 AM To: Jerry McAllister Cc: Andrea Venturoli; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Software RAID1 Also, I noticed that this command: sed -e 's/dev\/ad0/dev\/mirror\/gm0/g' /mnt/etc/fstab.orig /mnt/etc/fstab Doesn't seem to do anything to the fstab file on the second disk. Isn't it suppose to be changing something? Jason Yes, and you need to replace ad0 -- da0 -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed
-Original Message- From: Alex Zbyslaw [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, September 14, 2005 1:59 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed Gayn Winters wrote: Alex Zbyslaw [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Why do you think it's not safe to add hard drives? It doesn't seem safe if Windows blows away the multiboot MBR that FreeBSD so carefully made! Windows overwriting the MBR seems to be the reason people recommend loading Windows before loading FreeBSD, which I do. I just never realized that this problem would come back to bite me when I added another disk drive. I know of know reason why it should. I've added disks half a dozen times without blowing away any MBRs. Even the Windows blowing away the MBR is an annoyance, not a disaster since it is easy to rewrite. Whatever pickle you find yourself in seems to have to do with more than just adding a disk or Windows killing your MBR. --Alex I certainly am willing to admit that I'm doing something stupid! The motherboard and its BIOS are also known to be strange. One thing to note is that if I reconfigure (fresh FBSD install), add hardware, and then boot first into FBSD, all is well EXCEPT the boot loader, whose prompt is: F1 ??? F2 FreeBSD F5 Drive 1 Default: F2 If I select F2, then I get FreeBSD. If I select F5 I get Windows! I.e. F5 gives me the same slice as does F1!!! (Drive1 is the extra IDE drive.) I can't blame Windows for this, since it never got booted. Also, if FBSD gets booted first, Windows doesn't (further) corrupt the MBR. Incidentally, rewriting the MBR with boot0cfg -B -o packet /dev/ad1 does not change anything. The F5 option is still there, and it still brings up the Windows that is on slice1. If I add a third IDE drive, the situation also remains the same. In particular, I don't get an F9 option. I'm still in a curious pickle, but at least this one isn't choking me! Thanks again for the help! -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed
-Original Message- From: Alex Zbyslaw [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 13, 2005 2:06 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed Gayn Winters wrote: Life was good with my dual boot w2k/fbsd system until I wanted to add another disk. The w2k operating system, when booted, saw the new hardware, installed it, and demanded that I reboot. OK, but when I did, the FreeBSD boot manager was trashed. Its menu looked like: F1 ??? F2 FreeBSD F5 Default: F# I could not boot either operating system. In fact the only keys that did anything were ctrl-alt-del! I removed the new hardware and using Fixit on the 5.4 release CD, I tried boot0cfg -B ad1 This recovered the boot manager, and allowed me to boot w2k, but FBSD wouldn't boot. Pressing F2 in the boot menu still did nothing. How far into the disk was FreeBSD? I had a similar problem until I specified -o packet i.e. boot0cfg -B -o packet ad1 Ah ha! FreeBSD started at cylinder 41610. Looks like I definitely needed the packet option. You could also try writing the boot manager using sysinstall/boot CD: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/getmsg.cgi?fetch=61+617364+/usr/local/www /db/text/2005/freebsd-questions/20050626.freebsd-questions --Alex You know, I think I tried that, unsuccessfully. Here are Gary's thoughts: -Original Message- From: Gary W. Swearingen [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 13, 2005 8:03 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed Gayn Winters [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: 2. Was the disk label on the FreeBSD slice ad1s2 really corrupted? Unlikely, at least until you ran sysinstall. I've never figured out how it handles existing disklabels. Badly, in my limited experience. Use bsdlabel from a rescue CD and see what you have there. If you're concerned about the mount points, mount the / device and look in /etc/fstab. 3. I couldn't get sysinstall to fix this mess - even though I thought it was fixing the FreeBSD partition mount points and applying a new BSD Boot Manager. I couldn't get these fixes to commit. Can sysinstall fix this mess without reinstalling? I'd use a rescue system -- either CD or another hard disk. 4. How do I avoid this situation when I add another disk? (Other than trash the w2k partition.) I don't know about dual-booting MSFT, but you could dd the first tracks of the HDD and it's primary partitions to files on a formatted floppy or two for safe-keeping, before doing anything that could mess up the boot records. You might want to save the first track of your FreeBSD primary partition too. You can then put them (or selected sectors) back with dd from most unixy rescue OSes. Regarding repair: Alex (above) seemed to think sysinstall would do it, but I tried a couple times (reloading FreeBSD each time) and gave up. Given Gary's comments, I suspect that I corrupted the disk label on the FreeBSD partition mis-using sysinstall somehow. I like Gary's idea of a spare copy of the MBR saved on a floppy. Seems like good insurance. Regarding avoidance: I would still like to add additional hard drives to my dual boot systems. Is there any safe way to do this? Thanks!!! -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed
-Original Message- From: Alex Zbyslaw [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, September 13, 2005 2:43 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed Gayn Winters wrote: Regarding avoidance: I would still like to add additional hard drives to my dual boot systems. Is there any safe way to do this? Why do you think it's not safe to add hard drives? It doesn't seem safe if Windows blows away the multiboot MBR that FreeBSD so carefully made! Windows overwriting the MBR seems to be the reason people recommend loading Windows before loading FreeBSD, which I do. I just never realized that this problem would come back to bite me when I added another disk drive. My own policy is to have every disk in my system capable of booting FreeBSD, some more than once (mostly to allow easy upgrading between major revisions, or to allow me to try out 6.X or whatever), but even a disk mostly given over to , say, XP, will have a bit at the end that boots BSD. Doesn't solve everything, but even if one disk goes ka-blooey I'll be able to boot something more than a fixit shell (I hope :-)). My new policy is to have a hardcopy of fstab, df and all bsdlabels for all partitions... being printed even as this email is being sent :-) --Alex I need to be able to operate on my clients' disks. Sometimes I need a tool that runs under Windows, and other times I need a tool that runs under FBSD. This doesn't permit adding an OS to their disks. A bootable external USB drive may be the ideal Fixit drive ... Of course, I'd rather figure out how not to have the problem at all! It would be nice if FreeBSD could write out whatever changes to the MBR and the partition/slice tables that the new hardware required so that Windows didn't feel obligated to fix things. Thanks for the help, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Fixing a MBR (and more) that ??? trashed
I recently installed Windows 2000 and FreeBSD 5.4 on an old HP Pavilion XG836. [The FreeBSD installation was a breeze (Kudos to the FBSD hardware team), while w2k was a disaster! But, that's another story...] For reasons of space and cabling (it is a very small box) I put the CD as the master and the HDD as the slave on a single IDE cable so that the HDD was ad1. I dual booted using the FreeBSD Boot Manager. Life was good until I wanted to add another disk. The w2k operating system, when booted, saw the new hardware, installed it, and demanded that I reboot. OK, but when I did, the FreeBSD boot manager was trashed. Its menu looked like: F1 ??? F2 FreeBSD F5 Default: F# I could not boot either operating system. In fact the only keys that did anything were ctrl-alt-del! I removed the new hardware and using Fixit on the 5.4 release CD, I tried boot0cfg -B ad1 This recovered the boot manager, and allowed me to boot w2k, but FBSD wouldn't boot. Pressing F2 in the boot menu still did nothing. Fdisk indicated that the two slices were ok, and the disklabel in sysinstall showed that the partitions in ad1s2 were fine, but the mounting information was apparently gone. If I went into Fixit, disklabel (bsdlabel) indicated that the label on ad1s2 was bad. I was a little surprised, since I assumed (perhaps incorrectly) that all the corruption that w2k caused was in the Master Boot Record. I tried fixing it with the disklabel in sysinstall without luck. Back in Fixit mode, I could execute bsdlabel -w ad1s2, I couldn't get bsdlabel -e ad1s2 to work since I couldn't get an editor to run. EDITOR was /mnt/stand/vi, which didn't work and blanking EDITOR didn't work either. Reinstalling FreeBSD brought everything back. Questions: 1. What did/do I need to do to completely fix the Master Boot Record? (Short of reinstalling FreeBSD!) 2. Was the disk label on the FreeBSD slice ad1s2 really corrupted? If so, I tend to doubt that w2k did it; hence, the culprit would be ... me! What did I do? 3. I couldn't get sysinstall to fix this mess - even though I thought it was fixing the FreeBSD partition mount points and applying a new BSD Boot Manager. I couldn't get these fixes to commit. Can sysinstall fix this mess without reinstalling? 4. How do I avoid this situation when I add another disk? (Other than trash the w2k partition.) TIA, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: port scanning and hidden servers
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Boris Karloff Sent: Wednesday, September 07, 2005 8:19 AM I have a user on my network with a Linux box that is performing a port scan on all the computers in my network manually. He's doing this 'because he can'. Although I've asked him not to, he continues to do so. 1) How can I block or inhibit port scans launched against my freeBSD servers from within my network? 2) How can I 'hide' my freeBSD servers from users on the network? (If they can't see them, then they don't know to scan them.) Thanks in advance. Harold 1. VLAN security on a managed switch 2. TCP wrappers 3. Ipchains 4. Snort (to generate dynamic fw rules) -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Interests in *BSD
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Maxime Paquin Sent: Wednesday, September 07, 2005 4:14 PM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Interests in *BSD Hello, I am part of a LUG or Linux Users Group at my school. Our goal is to help spread free and open source software and operating systems. We are also doing some kind of demonstrations where we install *Nix distributions and show how to use them. The point is, we don't have broadband access and can't download whole distros. What I (speaking for my LUG) would like to know, is if you could send us at least one copy of FreeBSD and/or OpenBSD and/or NetBSD. We aren't asking for a lot, only a copy would be enough since we could pass it to each other so everybody can try it and understand how it works. If you are interested in sending us a copy of a *BSD, please send it to: Maxime Paquin - Valleyfield LUG 149 Armand Ouest, Valleyfield Quebec, Canada J6S 2L4 Thank you very much in advance, Maxime Paquin Maxime, It looks like your user group needs a steady stream of CDs for multiple releases of multiple operating systems. In addition, you'll also need access to applications, drivers, etc. My suggestion would be to focus on how to get reasonable speed access to the Internet. The local user groups around here (Southern California) beg and borrow facilities for meetings at local universities and companies that are willing to let them plug into their local area network and use their Internet connection (at least during meetings). If your LUG had a web page, you could provide a 'thank you' link to your sponsors' web site in trade for such usage. You might exchange such ads for other forms of sponsorship as well. Even if driving into Montreal is too far, I'll bet you can find computer clubs (or even friendly professors) in the universities there that would help you out as well. Invite them as speakers... Finally, your club might consider building and selling PC's (with various *nix operating systems of course). If you sold one a month, you'd probably make enough for a great internet connection! (The initial capital to get started could come from deposits or down payments ...) Good luck, -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
SCSI + IDE together
What does it take to be able to use a mixture of SCSI and IDE (ATA) disks? I'd like to be able to copy (dd) one to another. I'd like to be able to boot off a floppy or CD to do the disk copy, but booting off a third hard drive would suffice. I do have a couple disk cloning programs, but none seems to recognize a SCSI disk and an IDE disk simultaneously. TIA for any help! -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: POST Beep Codes on Intel motherboard ...
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Marc G. Fournier Sent: Friday, September 02, 2005 8:20 AM To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: POST Beep Codes on Intel motherboard ... I'm trying to narrow a problem down with my new server, and want to confirm that this makes sense ... I have a new Intel SE7520JR2 DDR2 motherboard ... when I power up the server, I get a 'BIOS Lan Console' message, then it pauses, I get 'beep-pause-beepbeepbeep' and then it continues booting ... I can get FreeBSD installed, and it boots fine ... but after 60 minutes, the machine hangs ... From searching the web, it looks like the Beep Codes indicate a memory issue, but I just want to double check that I'm not mis-diagnosing the problem :( Thanks ... Marc G. Fournier Hub.Org Networking Services (http://www.hub.org) Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo!: yscrappy ICQ: 7615664 __Since Beep codes differ from BIOS vendor to BIOS vendor, you'll have to look them up on the appropriate BIOS vendor's web site. Usually if you get a beep code from the BIOS, you won't boot at all; thus your beeps might be from another source, e.g. firmware on a net or raid card. Of course, then, you go to that vendor's web site. -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Booting FreeBSD over network or serial links?
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of iv gan Sent: Thursday, August 25, 2005 2:49 AM To: Glenn Dawson Cc: Sarath Kamisetty; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Booting FreeBSD over network or serial links? If your don't have pxe on your motherboard try the Etherboot. www.etherboot.org greets On 8/25/05, Glenn Dawson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: At 05:54 PM 8/24/2005, Sarath Kamisetty wrote: Hi, I have two PCs, one with linux installed and another one is a old PC. I would like use my linux pc to make modifications to freebsd code base and then test it on my old PC. After compiling freebsd image on my linux pc, how do I boot this image on my old PC ? Is there a cost effective way of doing this without using floppies or CDs which is time consuming ? Can I run some special image on my old PC to let it fetch the newly compiled image everytime ?? Does anyone have this kind of setup ? Can I setup a console server for cheap and acheive this ? Please share your thoughts on this. If you have an intel NIC which supports PXE, you can boot the machine from a kernel that's on another machine and shared by NFS or tftp. Take a look at the man page for pxeboot(8), as well as the development(7) man page for some good info. -Glenn If you want a single ethernet cable between the two PC's you'll need to make or buy a cross-over cable. http://www.makeitsimple.com/how-to/dyi_crossover.htm -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Illegal access attempt - FreeBSD 5.4 Release - please advise
-Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Michael Dale Sent: Wednesday, August 24, 2005 4:40 AM To: Hornet Cc: ro ro; freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Subject: Re: Illegal access attempt - FreeBSD 5.4 Release - please advise Also, most if not all of the blocks below are Asia netblocks that I have had more then 3 attempts to gain access to my servers. 220.0.0.0/8 202.0.0.0/7 134.208.0.0/16 218.0.0.0/8 210.0.0.0/7 221.0.0.0/8 219.0.0.0/8 195.116.0.0/16 59.0.0.0/8 195.133.91.0/24 222.0.0.0/8 Not always a good idea. A lot of Australian users have been having issues because of people doing this. More info here: http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies.cfm?t=324246#r2 Such automated blocking is becoming common in the better Intrusion Detection Systems, which talk to their associated firewalls. If you are creating what is effectively a simple IDS, here are a couple thoughts: First, blocking reserved areas of the IP space seems a little different than fighting malicious hackers and spammers, but in either case, see (ii) below. Second, if someone legitimate is being blocked, they'll probably call you. You can put an earlier rule in the firewall to let them in. If you are running an ecommerce site, you might not want to block half the world; invest in a more powerful firewall/IDS combination. See (iii) below. Third, if you are automating the creation of your blocks (a good idea) then you could also do the following: (i) create blocks as narrow as possible given the attacks. First block the IP address, then if several nearby addresses attack, block that subnet, etc. (ii) allow the blocks to time-out after a while (as many IDS blocks do). If (i) turns them back on, then increase the length of the time-out. (iii) review your blocks every now and then either by reviewing your firewall logs or by having your (perl?) program check if (ii) turns off a block only to have (i) turn it on again of if it never cycles. BTW, our firewall blocks so many attacks per minute that its multi-colored console display is better than a soap opera! -gayn ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
