Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 7:30 AM, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. -- Joseph While not an SSD user, I too had to set up gentoo from scratch on a laptop recently. I followed the disk partitioning instructions given in the handbook, with the following partitions created: Device BootStart EndBlocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 3 5198+ ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/sda2 * 314105808+ 83 Linux /dev/sda31581506520 82 Linux swap /dev/sda482 3876 28690200 83 Linux
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
Hi, At Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The 2M partition is the boot partition. But it is much to small, I've been re-sizing it to 1G. That's more than enough for the initrd image, grub and the kernel. By the way, keep in mind that if you plan to use suspend to disk you will need 2x RAM disk space on swap in the worst case. Best regards, -- Christian Kruse http://ck.kennt-wayne.de/ pgpCumREjehHJ.pgp Description: OpenPGP Digital Signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The BIOS boot partition is there to enable a non-EFI system to boot from a GPT partitioned disk, it is not the same as /boot. If you want a separate /boot, it is not a requirement, you need to create is as a separate partition, like this % sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. -- Neil Bothwick */ \* - Tribbles having a swordfight signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thursday, September 04, 2014 09:01:41 AM Christian Kruse wrote: Hi, At Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The 2M partition is the boot partition. But it is much to small, I've been re-sizing it to 1G. That's more than enough for the initrd image, grub and the kernel. By the way, keep in mind that if you plan to use suspend to disk you will need 2x RAM disk space on swap in the worst case. No you don't. I have 16GB RAM in my laptop and my swap partition is 17GB. Just make sure you create a file like: *** $ cat /etc/local.d/suspend_image_size.start #!/bin/sh # echo 0 /sys/power/image_size *** And make this executable. This fixes the problem I had that I couldn't suspend to disk when using more then half the memory. With this, I never have an issue with hibernate. -- Joost
[gentoo-user] Firefox segfaults when using WebRTC
Has anyone on this list experienced this issue? Is there a fix for that, that you know of? A Google search returned these two links in particular: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/977075 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-lib/+bug/1254562 equery -q l firefox www-client/firefox-24.7.0 equery -q l '*alsa-lib*' media-libs/alsa-lib-1.0.27.2 uname -impr 3.14.16-gentoo i686 Intel(R) Pentium(R) Dual CPU T3400 @ 2.16GHz GenuineIntel Could this be the answer? media-libs/webrtc-audio-processing Thanks.
Re: [gentoo-user] oracle-jdk-bin 1.8.0.20 ebuild
on 09/03/2014 07:07 AM Saifi Khan wrote the following: Hi: portage has ebuild for oracle-jdk-bin-1.8.0.11 whereas oracle website has update 20 ie. oracle-jdk-bin-1.8.0.20 i am interested in tweaking the ebuild in order to install 1.8.0.20 dev-java/oracle-jdk-bin-1.8.0.20 is in the tree.
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 09:53, Alexander Kapshuk wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 7:30 AM, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. -- Joseph While not an SSD user, I too had to set up gentoo from scratch on a laptop recently. I followed the disk partitioning instructions given in the handbook, with the following partitions created: Device BootStart EndBlocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 3 5198+ ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/sda2 * 314105808+ 83 Linux /dev/sda31581506520 82 Linux swap /dev/sda482 3876 28690200 83 Linux I think this is an example like in the handbook, the problem is the gpt partition printout will look slightly different, so I got confused at the beginning. What I have noticed is that these example don't show creating partition for home' I think home now is on root partition sda4. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 08:25, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Wed, 3 Sep 2014 22:30:32 -0600, Joseph wrote: I have a new SSD 480GB drive and I'm trying to partition it. It was some time before I went through this so I found this information: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD But they omitted the Boot partition. Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 4200447 2G Linux swap /dev/sda3 4200448117231374 53.9G Linux filesystem There is Bios Boot 2MB but no Boot partition where kernel is located. The BIOS boot partition is there to enable a non-EFI system to boot from a GPT partitioned disk, it is not the same as /boot. If you want a separate /boot, it is not a requirement, you need to create is as a separate partition, like this % sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. -- Neil Bothwick I'm as confused as a baby in a topless bar. signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/14 14:29, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 4 September 2014 15:54:17 CEST, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: On 09/04/14 14:29, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:05:28 -0600, Joseph wrote: Disk /dev/sda: 2.7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 04EFD165-FDDF-4C24-BA81-868B97BF9949 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 1M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 4096 2101247 1G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 2101248 3565567916G Linux swap /dev/sda4 35655680 5860533134 2.7T Linux filesystem Here sda1 is the BIOS boot and sda2 is /boot. The instruction from official Gentoo web-page is difference from display I'm getting on my screen when I use fdisk http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1chap=4 If you are using GPT partitons, and you should, gdisk is the tool to use (emerge sys-apps/gptfdisk). I don't have an option of extended partition not can I make Boot partition /dev/sda2 (128MB) bootable by pressing a in fdisk. GPT is not hindered by any of that legacy 4 partitions is enough for anyone so lets kludge in some more crap, you just create partitions. Does GPT needs so much room for boot partition 1G? My current system boot partition is 30Mb Gentoo handbook recommend 128Mb My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. So the boot partition (/dev/sda2) will be ext2. What type of will be /dev/sda1 ? ext2 as well. No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. The handbook only provides an example which should work. There is no reason to blindly follow it if you have other ideas on how to partition your disks. -- Joost -- Sent from my Android device with K-9 Mail. Please excuse my brevity.
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 9:29 AM, Neil Bothwick n...@digimed.co.uk wrote: My BIOS boot partition is 1MB not 1GB. My /boot partition is 1GB to allow room for a couple of System Rescue CD ISO images. There are a few types of boot partitions these days. One is used when booting GPT from legacy BIOS. Grub needs to stick some of its data in a known location and there isn't anyplace to store that with GPT like there is with MBR. So, GRUB makes you have a very small partition (1-2MB I think offhand) to do it. When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. Then, when booting from an MBR disk with a legacy BIOS it isn't uncommon to still have a boot partition big enough for a few kernels/initramfs for a few reasons: 1. If the BIOS is really old it might not be able to address your entire disk, so you need it to be near the start of the disk. 2. Your bootloader might not be able to read your root partition, so you need something it can read so that your kernel/initramfs can do the rest. So, be careful when you read instructions on creating boot partitions and make sure that they're trying to solve the problem that you actually have... -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. If you're using gummiboot, you need to have a large EFI system partition on which to store kernels. But if you're using grub or refind, you only need to have a small FAT partition for efi executables. On my Ubuntu laptop: # du -sh /boot/efi 3.4M /boot/efi
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On Thu, 4 Sep 2014 07:54:17 -0600, Joseph wrote: No, it's type is BIOS boot partition, it's a completely different type of partition and not used by your Linux installation at all, it's purely there for the BIOS. Thank you for explanation. Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. I use btrfs so the question doesn't really apply. But the handbook is only a guide, you are free to use whichever partitioning scheme you prefer. -- Neil Bothwick 667 - The FAX number of the beast signature.asc Description: PGP signature
[gentoo-user] Re: new installation - partitions
Joseph syscon780 at gmail.com writes: Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. Hello Joseph, Often, the Arch linux documents give one a more robust background for reading up on issues/choices related to Gentoo. After all, Arch is based on Gentoo and their documents are often a good compliment for reading up on issues you face with Gentoo, particularly when abstracted to a general understanding of the needs you may have. That said, do not blindly follow Arch Linux documents to resolve gentoo issues. https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/partitioning hth, James
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: new installation - partitions
2014-09-04 9:53 GMT-06:00 James wirel...@tampabay.rr.com: Joseph syscon780 at gmail.com writes: Is your /home on root partition? I've notice that handbook does not designate separate partition for home anymore. Hello Joseph, Often, the Arch linux documents give one a more robust background for reading up on issues/choices related to Gentoo. After all, Arch is based on Gentoo and their documents are often a good compliment for reading up on issues you face with Gentoo, Arch is NOT based on gentoo, ArchLinux is it's own thing, PKGBUILDS for building, and pacman as package manager, and there's systemd which is used there as default, on top of that, is the /bin and /sbin merge in in /usr, so arch and gentoo are different and it's own thing each. particularly when abstracted to a general understanding of the needs you may have. That said, do not blindly follow Arch Linux documents to resolve gentoo issues. But since Arch packages are very vanilla as those of Gentoo, the Arch documentation is a good source, but you have to be aware of the base system differences. https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/partitioning hth, James
[gentoo-user] SSD discard / fstrim
This is my first SSD drive 480GB (the only one in the box). I read about all discard / trim option and just want to double check that I'm doing it correct. I setup standard Gentoo and per instruction in Handbook. Not I'm reading about discard http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/SSD Do I setup: fstrim -v / or discard in fstab: /dev/sda2 /boot ext2noauto,noatime 1 2 /dev/sda4 / ext4 defaults,relatime,discard 0 1 /dev/sda3 noneswapsw,pri=3,discard 0 0 Can I use them both? Do I need to add discard to /boot? -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] SSD discard / fstrim
On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 2:26 PM, Сергей protsero...@gmail.com wrote: You need to run Fstrim if you mounted your partition WITHOUT discard option and did lots of changes. For example, if you installed your system without discard, do fstrim and then add discard to /etc/fstab. Just a note that depending on the SSD model, discard can have a substantial performance penalty with negligible benefit compared to just sticking fstrim in your crontab. In theory the ssd should just handle discard by making a note of what is trimmed and utlizing this information when needed. In practice many ssds handle a trim by dropping whatever they're doing and don't a copy/delete cycle if only part of a block is trimmed, which defeats the whole point of trimming in the first place. FStrim has the advantage of being more asynchronous and possibly being able to consolidate trims over a longer time-period, which could improve performance if the ssd isn't smart about it. Is there a really good place to go for SSD reviews/etc that actually takes this sort of thing into account? After getting an SSD it became apparently that they vary widely in terms of quality. Heck, I can't even tell you what the erase cycle count is from the SMART info, while other models seems to provide all kinds of useful info. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] SSD discard / fstrim
On 04/09/14 20:07, Rich Freeman wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 2:26 PM, Сергей protsero...@gmail.com wrote: You need to run Fstrim if you mounted your partition WITHOUT discard option and did lots of changes. For example, if you installed your system without discard, do fstrim and then add discard to /etc/fstab. Just a note that depending on the SSD model, discard can have a substantial performance penalty with negligible benefit compared to just sticking fstrim in your crontab. +1 also for lvm remember to add in lvm.conf issue_discards = 1 In theory the ssd should just handle discard by making a note of what is trimmed and utlizing this information when needed. In practice many ssds handle a trim by dropping whatever they're doing and don't a copy/delete cycle if only part of a block is trimmed, which defeats the whole point of trimming in the first place. FStrim has the advantage of being more asynchronous and possibly being able to consolidate trims over a longer time-period, which could improve performance if the ssd isn't smart about it. i understand that part of the reason it blocks so hard when run and hasn't been run is the ssd defrags/consolidates the used blocks too. it would be nice to know for sure what it's doing, or from kernel-space tell the ssd what is most likely to be changing and what can be consolidated happily. Is there a really good place to go for SSD reviews/etc that actually takes this sort of thing into account? After getting an SSD it became apparently that they vary widely in terms of quality. Heck, I can't even tell you what the erase cycle count is from the SMART info, while other models seems to provide all kinds of useful info. +1 for this as other factors such as the erase blocksize should be taken into account. i.e. the larger the erase blocksize the more need there is for fstrim in the first place, but also the filesystem/partition alignment becomes a magical dark art. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ?
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 04/09/2014 22:05, Håkon Alstadheim wrote: On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ? I don't see why it won't work. You only need /boot for two things: - at boot time, the boot loader must be able to see it so it can load the kernel - when you update grub, you will overwrite files to /boot As for as the BIOS/EFI is concerned, a stick is like an hdd - just another drive, nothing special about it. If signing is involved, it's the boot image that gets signed. I say go for it and test it out. What have you go to lose? The thing will either boot off a stick or it won't, this test won't damage anything -- Alan McKinnon alan.mckin...@gmail.com
[gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
I just installed gentoo on my new SSD (intel 480GB drive SSDSC2BF-480H501) I mostly was installing everything over ssh (easier) and using grub2 but upon rebooting I get: No bootable device - Insert boot disk and press any key I boot strap to my system: # swapon /dev/sda3 # mount -t ext4 /dev/sda4 /mnt/gentoo # mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/gentoo/boot # cd /mnt/gentoo # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash # env-update # source /etc/profile If boot strap and try to start ssh I and get a warning (and can not login) You attempting to run an openrc service on a system which openrc did not boot ... I can ssh to the system before I boot I bootstrap My partition: fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 447.1 GiB, 480103981056 bytes, 937703088 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 37C37937-6310-4B04-93A6-05CD7792EF16 Device Start End Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition /dev/sda2 6144 268287 128M Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 268288 4462591 2G Linux swap /dev/sda4 4462592937703054 445G Linux filesystem sda2 - boot sda4 - root -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/14 18:17, Joseph wrote:
I just installed gentoo on my new SSD (intel 480GB drive SSDSC2BF-480H501)
I mostly was installing everything over ssh (easier) and using grub2 but upon
rebooting I get:
No bootable device - Insert boot disk and press any key
I boot strap to my system:
# swapon /dev/sda3
# mount -t ext4 /dev/sda4 /mnt/gentoo
# mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/gentoo/boot
# cd /mnt/gentoo
# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
# chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
# env-update
# source /etc/profile
If boot strap and try to start ssh I and get a warning (and can not login)
You attempting to run an openrc service on a system which openrc did not boot
...
I can ssh to the system before I boot I bootstrap
My partition:
fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 447.1 GiB, 480103981056 bytes, 937703088 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 37C37937-6310-4B04-93A6-05CD7792EF16
Device Start End Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 6143 2M BIOS boot partition
/dev/sda2 6144 268287 128M Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 268288 4462591 2G Linux swap
/dev/sda4 4462592937703054 445G Linux filesystem
sda2 - boot
sda4 - root
When I installed grub2 I got no errors:
grub2-install /dev/sda
Installation finished. No error reported.
but looking at grub2 configuration, it is looking for kernel on sda4 (shouldn't
it be sda2?).
linux /vmlinuz-3.14.14-gentoo root=/dev/sda4 ro single
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
if [ ${next_entry} ] ; then
set default=${next_entry}
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default=0
fi
if [ x${feature_menuentry_id} = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option=--id
else
menuentry_id_option=
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then
set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry}
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then
saved_entry=${chosen}
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,gpt4'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4
--hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4
00e8b950-21c6-4558-918f-855042b42d36
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 00e8b950-21c6-4558-918f-855042b42d36
fi
font=/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if sleep --interruptible 0 ; then
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux' --class gentoo --class gnu-linux --class gnu
--class os $menuentry_id_option
'gnulinux-simple-00e8b950-21c6-4558-918f-855042b42d36' {
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2
--hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2
4fac7293-6a58-43a4-857b-6e3095a8e50d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
4fac7293-6a58-43a4-857b-6e3095a8e50d
fi
echo'Loading Linux 3.14.14-gentoo ...'
linux /vmlinuz-3.14.14-gentoo root=/dev/sda4 ro
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Gentoo GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option
'gnulinux-advanced-00e8b950-21c6-4558-918f-855042b42d36' {
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.14.14-gentoo' --class gentoo --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option
'gnulinux-3.14.14-gentoo-advanced-00e8b950-21c6-4558-918f-855042b42d36' {
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,gpt2'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2
--hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2
4fac7293-6a58-43a4-857b-6e3095a8e50d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
4fac7293-6a58-43a4-857b-6e3095a8e50d
fi
echo'Loading Linux 3.14.14-gentoo ...'
linux /vmlinuz-3.14.14-gentoo root=/dev/sda4 ro
}
menuentry 'Gentoo GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.14.14-gentoo (recovery mode)' --class gentoo --class
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. Dan
Re: [gentoo-user] new installation - partitions
On 09/04/2014 01:05 PM, Håkon Alstadheim wrote: On 04. sep. 2014 16:52, Tom H wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 10:00 AM, Rich Freeman ri...@gentoo.org wrote: When booting from EFI you need a GPT boot partition (FAT - ugh) that actually contains the image that gets booted, so it needs to have room for at least a couple of kernels/initramfs - so that will be larger. I'm working on getting a new motherboard, Will I still be able to have my boot filesystem on a flash-stick? Currently I have everything except /boot on LVM on top of Physical Volumes on unpartitioned raid volumes. Having a single drive with an odd size makes swapping drives around when they fail and drop out of the raid a hassle, and I do not want to waste 2G on every drive just to have a 2G boot partition. A flash stick (and another one for backup) is very pleasant to work with. Especially when i bork my initramfs or need to run maintenance without mounting my root filesystem. Will this work on an EFI board ? It should work with no issues. You may want to boot it in EFI mode as some motherboards cripple functionality in 'legacy' mode. I just ran into that with hdmi audio passthrough not working on an Intel NUC I recently set up. It is possible to boot in EFI mode off of a USB, as I used a Mint ISO to boot from in EFI mode. I would presume the USB needs to have the FAT partition that EFI requires. Dan
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/14 19:41, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. I'm still lost with this grab2, very confusing. Gentoo official documentation did not mention any of this :-/ Official documentation did ask to create /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition but there was no instruction how to mount it or format it. I was under impression Grub2 will do all of this. I booted with CD-minimal and there is no mkdosfs command. Do I need to format the /dev/sda1? If I do: mkfs -t vfat -F 32 -n efi-boot /dev/sda1 mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/2014 08:14 PM, Joseph wrote: I'm still lost with this grab2, very confusing. Gentoo official documentation did not mention any of this :-/ Official documentation did ask to create /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition but there was no instruction how to mount it or format it. I was under impression Grub2 will do all of this. I booted with CD-minimal and there is no mkdosfs command. Do I need to format the /dev/sda1? If I do: mkfs -t vfat -F 32 -n efi-boot /dev/sda1 mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory The easiest method would be to chroot into your installation. From there, you can format the EFI partition, then mount it. If you don't have mkfs.vfat in your chroot, I think the package that has it is dosfstools. So basically: 1. chroot into your install (makes sure /boot is mounted before chroot'ing in) 2. format the EFI partition, install dosfstools if required 3. mount the EFI partition to /boot/efi 4. grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi The grub.cfg you showed before looked correct to me, the Gentoo GNU/Linux entry was trying to boot off of root='hd0,gpt2' which is correct. Dan
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/2014 08:14 PM, Joseph wrote: On 09/04/14 19:41, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. I'm still lost with this grab2, very confusing. Gentoo official documentation did not mention any of this :-/ Official documentation did ask to create /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition but there was no instruction how to mount it or format it. I was under impression Grub2 will do all of this. I booted with CD-minimal and there is no mkdosfs command. Do I need to format the /dev/sda1? If I do: mkfs -t vfat -F 32 -n efi-boot /dev/sda1 mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory I forgot to mention in my last post that you absolutely must boot from an EFI-enabled kernel, the gentoo ISOs do not do this. I used the Mint 17 ISO to do this, when you go to boot options it should list it as EFI bootable. Dan
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/14 19:41, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. How do I mount EFI boot partition? Is it the /dev/sda1 2M -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
On 09/04/14 20:44, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 08:14 PM, Joseph wrote: On 09/04/14 19:41, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. I'm still lost with this grab2, very confusing. Gentoo official documentation did not mention any of this :-/ Official documentation did ask to create /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition but there was no instruction how to mount it or format it. I was under impression Grub2 will do all of this. I booted with CD-minimal and there is no mkdosfs command. Do I need to format the /dev/sda1? If I do: mkfs -t vfat -F 32 -n efi-boot /dev/sda1 mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory I forgot to mention in my last post that you absolutely must boot from an EFI-enabled kernel, the gentoo ISOs do not do this. I used the Mint 17 ISO to do this, when you go to boot options it should list it as EFI bootable. Thank you for explanation. I have a question with regards to that EFI. Does it refer to this /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition? So this partition needs to be formatted to DOS file system and mounted in /boot/efi directory? Gentoo Documentation is very outdated and confusing when it comes to this new GRUB2. Sometimes I want to scrap this crap and go back to standard legacy GRUB. -- Joseph
Re: [gentoo-user] installed Gentoo on SSD - no bootable device
I believe what you've said is correct... because I'm pretty sure I read it in the documentation. On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 11:08 PM, Joseph syscon...@gmail.com wrote: On 09/04/14 20:44, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 08:14 PM, Joseph wrote: On 09/04/14 19:41, Daniel Frey wrote: On 09/04/2014 05:36 PM, Joseph wrote: When I installed grub2 I got no errors: grub2-install /dev/sda Installation finished. No error reported. If you are trying to boot in EFI mode, you aren't installing it correctly. That installed to the MBR in legacy mode. Instructions are here: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GRUB2 You need to mount /boot, and mount the EFI boot partition before installing grub2 using `grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi`. I'm still lost with this grab2, very confusing. Gentoo official documentation did not mention any of this :-/ Official documentation did ask to create /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition but there was no instruction how to mount it or format it. I was under impression Grub2 will do all of this. I booted with CD-minimal and there is no mkdosfs command. Do I need to format the /dev/sda1? If I do: mkfs -t vfat -F 32 -n efi-boot /dev/sda1 mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory I forgot to mention in my last post that you absolutely must boot from an EFI-enabled kernel, the gentoo ISOs do not do this. I used the Mint 17 ISO to do this, when you go to boot options it should list it as EFI bootable. Thank you for explanation. I have a question with regards to that EFI. Does it refer to this /dev/sda1 2M BIOS boot partition? So this partition needs to be formatted to DOS file system and mounted in /boot/efi directory? Gentoo Documentation is very outdated and confusing when it comes to this new GRUB2. Sometimes I want to scrap this crap and go back to standard legacy GRUB. -- Joseph
