at:
http://techdocs.postgresql.org/guides/BriefGuideToNulls
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ?
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html
ANALYZE the tables used by the view.
2. Provide the output of EXPLAIN ANALYSE SELECT * FROM myview;
3. Provide the definitions of the tables used, and how many rows are in each
table.
I'll see you on the performance list, and we'll see if we can't help you this
afternoon.
--
Richard Huxton
://www.varlena.com/varlena/GeneralBits/Tidbits/index.php
If you think there's more to be done, subscribe to the performance list
http://www.postgresql.org/lists.html
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: if posting/reading through
On Monday 19 January 2004 19:35, Lamar Owen wrote:
What I was thinking would be to remove all but the last minor release of
each major version. Thus, I would remove 7.4, but leave 7.4.1.
Perhaps check the download figures for each first?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
always have trouble
keeping track on what may/probably/will appear in upcoming versions when
people ask on the lists.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 8: explain analyze is your friend
Could have sworn this was already listed as a TODO, but can't see it on the
developer website. IMHO it's something that's needed, especially with
differing behaviour due to compiled plans.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
in all cases.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
system to show figures based
on tablespace - not sure what you'd measure though - disk I/O, number of
nodes?
Perhaps something in contrib/ too - tablespace_disk_usage.pl or some such.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7
if there is interest.
Is there any point in thinking this through further, or is it me not thinking
clearly?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
for details.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your
joining column's datatypes do not match
On Sunday 29 February 2004 02:01, Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
I've been looking at storing $REVISION$ in comments for each object, so
my install scripts can halt if there is a problem. Not wanting to use my
only comment slot for this I was thinking about
://www.nedprod.com/programs/Win32/SymLink/
This will apparently create symlinks on NTFS5 volumes via a simple dialogue
box.
You'd probably want to test using pkzip/winzip, Symantec/Norton - anyone think
of any others?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
- I'm thinking
about the case where you may have limited backup storage and want to save an
orders db but not a catalogue db. Or perhaps a hosting company with
platinum customers getting PITR.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
be a separate pg_advisor tool that you can run against a
database and which looks for oddities. Something pluggable so people can
add tests simply.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet
about. People can write articles on it, all sorts.
Just my tuppence-worth.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
to me, though I'm not sure what to
call them.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
On Thursday 18 March 2004 17:51, Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
How would you run pg_dump on a remote machine?
Trivially. It's a client.
Eh? I'm assuming we're talking at cross purposes here. *I* can run it
trivially - ssh in and run it over there, or run it on my
with a different name so each user has different pg_hba settings, but
that's about it.
How about a .pgpass file for OS-user postgres, and just set all logins for
PG-user postgres to use password?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
On Friday 19 March 2004 15:04, Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
If I pg_restore a DB and don't ANALYSE before a pl/pgsql trigger
activates then that trigger's going to be planned based on the default
stats forever isn't it?
Only for the life of the current backend
If I pg_restore a DB and don't ANALYSE before a pl/pgsql trigger activates
then that trigger's going to be planned based on the default stats forever
isn't it?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 8: explain analyze
will want to choose for themselves.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
that are recommended ?
Well, I think there are really just two major active free database
administration tools: pgAdmin3 and phpPgAdmin
There's RedHat's java-based stuff too. That's freely downloadable and GPLed
too IIRC.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
list.
Go to the website, click download, select a mirror, look in v7.4.2 and there
are docs packages there.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives?
http
anyway. Having the schema included in contrib/ might help adoption, but so
would pgadmin/phpgadmin. Any client-builders reading this? What do you think?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your
in the standard set in the base distro.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
On Wednesday 24 March 2004 18:02, Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
So Tom, are you suggesting:
1. A core in the base distribution (C / SQL)
2. command-line tool in the base distro (pg_advisor)
3. more open project (gborg?) to let people design/add tests, some
a subtle but important
piece of information...
Fabien already has - there is an advice_kind table, values: misc, design,
performance.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map
called (e.g.) plone.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your
joining column's datatypes do not match
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
Maybe it's me being slow, but are we not being over-complicated here?
What's
wrong with saying database D1 looks up users in local table, D2 in the
global table. If you are connected to D1, then no-one can see the
global
userlist.
Hmm. That would
is allowed to
connect to the database without having to connect to the database. If someone
were to make bad connection attempts, they could easily run a denial of
service against your DB (whether intentionally or just due to an application
bug).
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
can't necessarily. What if I'm building a query with
EXECUTE or for that matter, what if I've written it in C?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ?
http://www.postgresql.org
Bruce Momjian wrote:
Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
Does that mean I'll want to disable triggers while I do this?
Hrm. Right now the code does not fire triggers at all, but that seems
wrong. However, I doubt that very many triggers could cope with update
events in which
.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ?
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html
messages as Windows users
test it out. Basically, I'm asking what would need to be done technically for
the ODBC driver, and is there anything a non-hacker can do to help?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe
to feature-freeze.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once with the unregister command
(send unregister YourEmailAddressHere to [EMAIL PROTECTED])
not what you're after, then it must be fairly close. Check the
mailing list archives - the download URL is on the announce list April
2004.
I'm sure any real figures from your testing will be of much interest to
all of us.
HTH
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end
operation that folds in possible column type changes.
Does that mean I'll want to disable triggers while I do this? Actually,
if the structure's changing I presume I'll want to drop/recreate my
triggers anyway (even if they get reparsed like view definitions).
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
the \copy.
I'm not saying that was the original intention, but someone pointed out
you could do things that way, and I can see it might (rarely) be useful.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your
.
Perhaps this is the best way to look at it - when the .rpm's/.deb's are
put together what does the community want in them?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate
didn't work with system tables.
Is that a plausible situation, or madness from a developer-resources
point of view?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your
to look at are checking I've freed up any store
that's been allocated and casting the expression to text where PG can't
figure that out for itself. These are obviously just a matter of getting a
little more familiar with the code.
Any advice/suggestions gratefully received people.
- Richard Huxton
and we're into
August. So - do you want it with current functionality or should I press on?
- Richard Huxton
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once with the unregister command
(send unregister YourEmailAddressHere
the wheel?
The only thing needed for this is a grammar for expressions so we can mix
and match with RAISE a bit better. First draft doesn't look too bad - I can
not deal with function-calls and brackets and still have something useful.
- Richard Huxton
---(end of broadcast
days ago. Busy at the moment, probably
for the next week at least. If you'd like the patch against current CVS
let me know and I'll try and do it this weekend.
- Richard Huxton
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2: you can get off all lists at once
visibility issues wrt other backends? How do I
know what transactions have updated the global and what haven't and
which I should currently be seeing?
I'm not sure that there is a solution simpler than the insert +1/-1
into summary table that gets discussed.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
. Not stored at all, it's pointless.
5. Not stored at all, PITR means this is academic now.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
references copie(id),
Are you sure you don't have any null values in prestiti.id_copia?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate
subscribe-nomail command to [EMAIL
, then I'd know if I'd defined it or not. As it happens, that's
not the way things stand though.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
IT ??)
The function you want is textcat(text,text). I believe all of the
operators (|| + - etc) have equivalent functions. They're not listed in
the user documentation, but \df text* will show you them.
HTH
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
specialised high-bandwidth hardware
that is supposed to offer PG clustering, but I'm afraid I know no more
about it.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
)
to insert a timestamp in a suitable table?
Or am I missing something here (as usual)?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
(as in
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE EXISTS ...)
I think you should be ok if you quote your function name
SELECT exists(...)
Personally, I'd change it's name.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9: the planner will ignore your
of backend crashes the lock will eventually be released.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
it thoroughly before using it in production.
and made the change in release.sgml. Do we need more?
I don't much like might have more bugs. Perhaps might be less robust
or might be less stable?
lacks the extended testing? Or even we don't have an extended
track-record on this platform.
--
Richard
Serguei A. Mokhov wrote:
Hello,
Just poking around to see if anyone is working on resurrecting the concept
of pg_upgrade after all these years?
You probably want to join the (very recent) thread subject = version
upgrade started by Andrew Rawnsley.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
G u i d o B a r o s i o wrote:
Conclusion:
If you comment a line on the conf file, and reload it, will remain in
the last state. (either wast true or false, while I expected a
default)
Yes, that's correct. No, you're not the only one to have been caught out
by this.
--
Richard Huxton
.
Have you looked at the dblink code?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 6: Have you searched our list archives?
http://archives.postgresql.org
to
fork the backend itself.
On Thu, 2004-10-14 at 11:15, Richard Huxton wrote:
Katsaros Kwn/nos wrote:
Hi,
I'm trying to add a -project specific- networking feature to my postgres
build (or database as function). What I want to do is to send a Query
instance (as a String-retrieved through an SPI
true;
END
'
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';
SELECT emp_test_fn();
=== END test ===
PS - please reply to the -general list not -hackers.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
set it to 250 then all SQL statements
that run 250ms or longer will be logged. Enabling this option can be
useful in tracking down unoptimized queries in your applications. Only
superusers can increase this or set it to minus-one if this option is
set by the administrator.
--
Richard Huxton
. And posting to the wrong list - try the general/sql lists for
this sort of thing.
teste=# CREATE TABLE test ( id char(15), name char(80) ); CREATE
You've defined id as char - so it's sorting alphabetically, not
numerically, so 2
Just defined id as a numeric type.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
refused
Is the server running on host localhost and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
This isn't really the right list - I'll repost onto the General list for
you now. Please join me there, and don't reply to this message.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
set. Certainly that is what the error message
implies. Note PG handles UTF-8 but not UTF-16 or other encodings.
HTH
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
pg_autovacuum I'd guess)
2. We perhaps want a more general table description (this is a
bulk-loading table, this is a log table, this is a mostly static lookup
table)
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9
either. Why a subtransaction per command rather than
one per function? If I've got this right, this is so the PL can tidy up
behind itself and report/log an appropriate error?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't
the little I know this should be straightforward.
3. We can do something similar with a pgeval() in plperl. Don't know
enough to say about Python.
Basically, if exception handling doesn't work the way it should
intuitively work (IMHO plpgsql's model) then I'd rather wait until 8.1
--
Richard
as the right user
2. Permissions are correct
3. The directory exists
4. Have you done anything with tablespaces?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: subscribe and unsubscribe commands go to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Thomas Hallgren wrote:
Richard Huxton wrote:
Can I make some counter-proposals?
1. Wrap each function body/call (same thing here afaict) in a
sub-transaction. An exception can be caught within that function, and
all the spi in that function is then rolled back. This is rubbish, but
at least
Thomas Hallgren wrote:
Richard Huxton wrote:
But is the problem not that forgetting to use SAVEPOINT can get us in
trouble with clearing up after an exception?
I fail to see how that's different from forgetting to use pgtry instead
of try.
It feels more distinct to me. I'll grant you I'm only
. but the runtime been much more high (I'm with default planner
setting).
I'd say your configuration settings are a long way from accurate.
Probably the general/performance lists would be a better place to
discuss this though.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton dev@archonet.com writes:
laser wrote:
Aggregate (cost=19638.60..19638.60 rows=1 width=0) (actual
time=1567.317..1567.318 rows=1 loops=1)
- Seq Scan on partial_idx_t (cost=1.00..18327.88
rows=524288 width=0) (actual time=0.046..906.747 rows
Sounds very useful - even for my small systems. Does it/would it work on
an ordinary table (for those cases currently using UNION ALL)?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 5: don't forget to increase your free space
FUNCTION f1()... -- oid=1234
CREATE FUNCTION f2()... -- oid=1235, calls f1() or oid=1234
DROP FUNCTION f1()
CREATE FUNCTION f3()... -- re-uses oid=1234
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
Simon Riggs wrote:
On Tue, 2005-08-09 at 16:01 +0100, Richard Huxton wrote:
Tom Lane wrote:
What if there aren't any untouched chunks? With only 64K-chunk
granularity, I think you'd hit that condition a lot more than you are
hoping. Also, this seems to assume uniqueness across all tables
? If so, see the CREATE INDEX section of the SQL reference.
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.0/static/sql-commands.html
If you reply to this message, please remove the pgsql-hackers CC:
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1
this
already :-)
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 6: explain analyze is your friend
, then any function on those two values should
return the same result. Otherwise what does equals mean? At the very
least length() is broken by your argument.
Here it's CHAR that's broken IMHO - spawn of some punch-card spawned
data processing rules of the 70s.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
://www.postgresql.org/developer/roadmap
In postres for some reason its not possible to choose a file structure
while we are creating tables!!! It is possibel while making an index.
What do you mean by file structure?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
thing :-)
Worth adding to the TODO or not a good feature?
I'm not a developer, but it strikes me as double plus ungood.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send
OR REPLACE FUNCTION' , i
get the following error:
Should you not be using SPI to run queries if this is inside PostgreSQL?
See chapter 39 Server Programming Interface for details.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2
://pgfoundry.org/projects/newsysviews
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 2: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: Have you checked our extensive FAQ?
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq
This should allow you to have where-clauses and apply to a range of
cases. What I fear is that checking to see if the rule applies will cost
too much on all those queries where it doesn't apply.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
practical to keep them, I'd like to suggest doing so. If it's
not practical, could we have a where_to_find_old_versions.txt file and
open a project on sourceforge to keep them?
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 6
Csaba Nagy wrote:
Maybe mausoleum would be even better name :-D
Come on people, it's clearly: elephants-graveyard.postgresl.org
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send
could always think of me as an
idiot savant who failed his savant exams :-)
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
moving the bookmark lower. Enough
activity would cause the bookmark to drop off the end. If that isn't the
case though, we know we can safely skip any blocks older than the bookmark.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 9
etc doesn't necessarily mean you can't update, so long as the
underlying table/key can be identified.
For INSERTing to a view, the same rules apply, but obviously you need to
be able to identify table/keys for all columns in the view. This
clearly rules out aggregates etc.
--
Richard Huxton
Yann Michel wrote:
Hi,
On Wed, Dec 22, 2004 at 09:41:40AM +, Richard Huxton wrote:
UNION etc doesn't necessarily mean you can't update, so long as the
underlying table/key can be identified.
I think you mean UNION ALL, i.e. the set addition, don't you?
Otherwise UNION (wothout ALL) is kind
Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton dev@archonet.com writes:
There are two things (AFAICT) you need to be able to do to update (NOTE
- not insert) a view.
1. Identify the underlying table(s) for the updated column(s)
2. Identify (primary) key values for the table(s) being updated.
So - I could have
Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton dev@archonet.com writes:
Yann Michel wrote:
I think you mean UNION ALL, i.e. the set addition, don't you?
Not if you can identify the underlying table(s) and key(s). If the UNION
hides that information, then you are correct.
If a unique key of the underlying table
Tom Lane wrote:
Richard Huxton dev@archonet.com writes:
Tom Lane wrote:
No; you'd also have to have some guarantee that a given underlying table
row gives rise to at most one join row. If the same table row gives
rise to multiple join rows, then a request specifying an UPDATE of just
one of those
for all the hard work on 8.0, not to mention the new-look website. It's
all shaping up to be a good new year.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 4: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
by no patents/claims/
It's like having a bowl of sweets labelled help yourself and putting
the price sticker inside the wrapper.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 3: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send
isn't set in a statement-level trigger
function (GET DIAGNOSTICS myvar=ROW_COUNT). Which is a shame, otherwise
it would be easy to handle. It should be possible to expose this
information though, since it gets reported at the command conclusion.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
Mark Cave-Ayland wrote:
-Original Message-
From: Richard Huxton [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: 20 January 2005 12:45
To: D'Arcy J.M. Cain
Cc: Mark Cave-Ayland; [EMAIL PROTECTED];
[EMAIL PROTECTED]; pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org
Subject: Re: [HACKERS] Much Ado About COUNT(*)
D'Arcy
be required.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast)---
TIP 7: don't forget to increase your free space map settings
if it was available. I don't know about
other users.
Do we perhaps want a pg_find tool instead, rather than getting too
clever inside the backend?
pg_find --type=table --schema=foo --name='system_*' --execute='GRANT ALL
ON % TO myuser'
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
is the full extent of the
idea. If there's a feeling it'd be useful I could pull my finger out and
have a working prototype ready in Perl fairly quickly. It'd take me a
while to get something decent in C though.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
suggested before, but there seems to be
some resistance to them.
Have you come across the pgpool connection-pooling project?
http://pgpool.projects.postgresql.org/
Might be easier to put a timeout+disconnect in there.
--
Richard Huxton
Archonet Ltd
---(end of broadcast
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