Re: [time-nuts] Rb Oscillator - rather fundamental question

2010-02-23 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
David C. Partridge wrote: Cough - the rubidium clock or oscillator does have an intrinsic frequency, which is the rubidium hyperfine transition of 6 834 682 610.904 324 Hz, it's just that the frequency generated by the transition in question isn't used to DEFINE the second, so by definition, it

Re: [time-nuts] 5071A question

2010-02-24 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
When the 5071A product line was sold to Symmetricom ~4 years ago, the production manager and his team of 15 moved with the product. The manager left Symmetricom a few years ago, and recently most of the rest of the team left Symmetricom. The 5071A will now be made on the east coast at the facilit

Re: [time-nuts] 74AC gates phase noise

2010-02-26 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Bruce Griffiths wrote: Only if the noise figure of the following amplifier is 4dB or so. With no extra amplification is used one only needs a signal level of +1dBm to achieve a phase noise floor of -178dBc/Hz if the output is extracted through the crystal in such a way that the thermal noise

Re: [time-nuts] nubie querie

2010-03-05 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Don Collie jnr wrote: I`m not sure that questions like these is welcome on this list, but here goes anyway : 1/ What are the the 10 sources of the most constant [invariant] frequencies known to man, in order of decreacing constancy? Four immediately come to mind. I vaguely remember reading t

Re: [time-nuts] nubie querie

2010-03-05 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
For a simple crystal oscillator the two word answer might be "Leeson's model". That of course is a cop out since it clearly defines multiple things that contribute to phase noise. Bob And Leeson's model is basically the same as Edson's model, circa 1950 (Edson: Vacuum Tube Oscillators)

Re: [time-nuts] HP10811 taxonomy?

2010-03-11 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
It is entirely possible that a 10544 could have excellent aging and beat a 10811. The SC cut doesn't improve aging. The other "disadvantages" of the 10544 in terms of electronics also don't affect aging. The main advantage of the 10811 is that it is much better from a cold start in an instrumen

Re: [time-nuts] 5370B OCXO

2010-03-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Bob Camp wrote: Hi Tough to believe that HP worried a lot about SKU inflation back when they did the 5370 :) I'm assuming that the 5370 was a Santa Clara design. That would put the counter designers down the hall from the oscillator factory. Unlikely that there was a communications gap ab

Re: [time-nuts] Low cost 6+ GHz Prescaler

2010-03-30 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Samuel DEMEULEMEESTER wrote: Hi Rick, My goal is not to design a killer prescaler useable for all applications, but just to get the same specs than the original HP/Agilent prescaler board, and why not a bit better. The original HP board is a very basic design : 4-stage of MMIC and a good-old M

Re: [time-nuts] HP 11729C versus 11848A

2010-05-07 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
What the 10811 production line did was to compare two 10811's to each other by driving a high level mixer. Anzac AM-123 amplifiers were used to increase the output level of the 10811's. You can homebrew the AM-123 if you read the patent and can get a 2N5109/2N5943 type of transistor. Amplify the

Re: [time-nuts] Flood of low end priced VNAs on FleeBay

2010-06-02 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
We have a bunch of sweepers at work, and many of the them have died and can't be fixed. The only way they can be repaired is to cannibalize one to fix another, assuming they don't have the same bad module. We have given away an 8510 to a school and have others gathering dust. Rick jimlux wrote

Re: [time-nuts] RF Prescaler for 53131A/53132A/53181A counters - update !

2010-07-08 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Samuel DEMEULEMEESTER wrote: Right now, the performance is really good up to 3.5 GHz : 50 MHz : -7 dB 100 MHZ : -15 dB 250 MHz : -26 dB 500 MHz : -30 dB 1 GHZ : -32 dB 2 GHz : -32 dB 3 GHz : -30 dB The real deal on the performance of prescalers is the ability to count noisy sources. If y

Re: [time-nuts] A different timenuts interest

2010-07-21 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Hal Murray wrote: Several years ago, I found a web site for a commercial place that made them for museums. (I forget why I was looking for that sort of stuff.) You might find interesting stuff/ideas via google but I didn't find a similar site with a bit of searching. The Museum of Scie

Re: [time-nuts] Homebrew Rubidium oscillator, jitter and other tales :-)

2010-08-07 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
ulm...@vaxman.de wrote: blinked. This problem was eventually solved by driving the LED with a discrete transistor instead of a free 74AC14 gate and decoupling this driver with an RC-combination. CMOS logic gates have a totem pole output that is famous for "overlap" where both transistors on b

Re: [time-nuts] 2.5V reference IC in HP E1938 oscillator.

2014-11-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Hi, I was the designer of the board, but I don't remember the part number of the reference. I will try to consult my paper schematic when I get a chance, if no one else can help you. I do remember that I originally used some convenient reference which seemed OK from the data sheet, but turned out

Re: [time-nuts] 10811

2014-11-18 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/17/2014 5:54 PM, Bert Kehren via time-nuts wrote: I ground one side of the tuning diode and use the 2 to 12 V as the external OCXO for my FRK's along with increasing the time constant. I have not verified it but I think removing the zener Voltage should also improve ADEV. Bert Kehren

Re: [time-nuts] 10811

2014-11-18 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
nstant over mil temperature ranges. Mail_Attachment -- Have Fun, Brooke Clarke http://www.PRC68.com http://www.end2partygovernment.com/2012Issues.html http://www.prc68.com/I/DietNutrition.html Richard (Rick) Karlquist wrote: On 11/17/2014 5:54 PM, Bert Kehren via time-nuts wrote: I ground one sid

[time-nuts] MIT 2 inch cesium fountain, optically pumped

2014-11-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
See: http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2014/portable-atomic-clocks-1112 Any comments? Rick Karlquist N6RK ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/time-nuts and follow the instruction

Re: [time-nuts] Low Additive Phase Noise 10 MHz Amps

2014-11-23 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
I did some checking around for low noise buffer amps earlier this year. They needed to have 200 MHz bandwidth, so this isn't directly applicable to 10 MHz. I also needed isolation. About the only information in print is from the usual suspects at NIST. They wrote a series of papers taking a fai

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits 10% discount in December

2014-11-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/27/2014 7:07 AM, Tim Shoppa wrote: For a hobbyist doing things a few at a time, what advantage is there to buying RF transformers made by Mini-circuits etc., vs winding them using commonly available ferrite cores/binocular cores? If I needed to do a production run of 1000+ boards with ti

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits 10% discount in December

2014-11-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/27/2014 9:09 AM, Tim Shoppa wrote: On Thu, Nov 27, 2014 at 10:28 AM, Bob Camp wrote: The main complaint is the difficulty of getting the correct cores. I seem to have a few dozen bags of cores. The mainline distributors (Allied, Newark, Mouser, etc.) have excellent selection of Fai

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits 10% discount in December

2014-11-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/27/2014 11:03 AM, Didier Juges wrote: Another reason is reproducibility. If you or someone else wants to reproduce your design, using a well defined and available commercial part makes it much easier to achieve the same performance, particularly for RF components. Didier KO4BB

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits 10% discount in December

2014-11-28 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/28/2014 10:08 AM, Dave M wrote: Rick, Thanks for the brief review of MiniCircuits stuff (I'm not connected with them in any way except as a customer). Since you've characterized some of their parts, perhaps you could help answer a question that someone else posted, and one that I would li

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits 10% discount in December

2014-11-28 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/28/2014 1:04 PM, Bob Camp wrote: If you do need to run substantial current through a choke core, the larger binocular cores with a half turn through them are a better choice. Still useless for 20A (or even 2A) though … Bob The binocular cores come in several hole sizes. All other t

Re: [time-nuts] How can one measure ADEV of a good oscillator?

2014-12-01 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/30/2014 11:09 PM, Dr. David Kirkby (Kirkby Microwave Ltd) wrote: I think I have a flaw in my understanding of this. How can something like an SR620 measure the ADEV of an oscillator, if the oscillator is of a similar or better than the reference fed into the SR620? What HP did with th

Re: [time-nuts] How can one measure ADEV of a good oscillator?

2014-12-01 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/1/2014 4:08 PM, Bob Camp wrote: Others did a similar thing by simply taking production OCXO’s to the limit of their EFC range. That let you do a coarse sort to find some number of “likely” units. Next step was to pop a few of them open and short this or that out to get a reasonable be

Re: [time-nuts] Minicircuits specs

2014-12-08 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Please Gerhard, more details on your choke (medium size red Amidon core & two 220 uH Siemens chokes). Maybe I can use it for 160 meter antennas. Your T1-1 measurements make sense according to my experience with these things. The "-6" series (T1-6, etc) has larger cores and should withstand more

Re: [time-nuts] Linear voltage regulator hints...

2014-12-08 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/8/2014 4:53 PM, Bert Kehren via time-nuts wrote: We solved that problem by attaching the regulators to the FRK back plate which is with fan control is kept within 0.01C. We did not do it for that purpose but found that we needed some more heat in order to keep the fan in an optimum fan

Re: [time-nuts] Linear voltage regulator hints...

2014-12-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
hat really matters. Bob Mail_Attachment -- Have Fun, Brooke Clarke http://www.PRC68.com http://www.end2partygovernment.com/2012Issues.html http://www.prc68.com/I/DietNutrition.html Richard (Rick) Karlquist wrote: On 12/8/2014 4:53 PM, Bert Kehren via time-nuts wrote: We solved that

Re: [time-nuts] Linear voltage regulator hints...

2014-12-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
rnment.com/2012Issues.html http://www.prc68.com/I/DietNutrition.html Richard (Rick) Karlquist wrote: On 12/8/2014 4:53 PM, Bert Kehren via time-nuts wrote: We solved that problem by attaching the regulators to the FRK back plate which is with fan control is kept within 0.01C. We did not do it for that p

Re: [time-nuts] Linear voltage regulator hints...

2014-12-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/9/2014 1:30 PM, ed breya wrote: buried zener for lowest noise - this eliminates all the low voltage references and three-terminal etc regulators that use band-gap references. The down side is that the good kind of reference ICs will need a higher (like 10V and up) operating voltage than ma

Re: [time-nuts] Linear voltage regulator hints...

2014-12-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/9/2014 3:02 PM, Bob Camp wrote: Here's an overnight ADEV plot against the new Cs of where we are in the project. Red is ADEV. Green is the TIC. Blue is the output of the GPSDO to Channel A and the Cs to Channel B of my 5335A measuring TI, using the 1PPS from my GPSDO to trigger the

Re: [time-nuts] 100 MHz VCXOs

2014-12-11 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/11/2014 4:20 PM, Bob Camp wrote: Hi Those OCXO’s were made to the spec’s of an OEM customer. The spec’s are owned by that customer and can not be released without authorization from them. Anybody who wants to stay in the business would be a bit crazy to release somebody else’s intelec

Re: [time-nuts] New Years Eve TV countdown

2015-01-01 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
We have DirecTV with some receivers standard definition and others High Definition. The delay is considerably greater on the HD version. Even OTA HD is delayed considerably, as noted if you try to listen to a football game on the radio while watching. Sometimes you hear "touchdown" before the ba

Re: [time-nuts] 3048A Expert Needed

2015-01-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/20/2015 7:59 AM, Martyn Smith wrote: Hello, I have both the HP3048A and Timepod Phase Noise test Sets. I have two low noise 100 MHz PLL's. The 100 MHz output is locked to a 10 MHz reference input. However, the 3048A won't achieve lock. The 100 MHz PLL's loop bandwidth (about 0.2 Hz)

Re: [time-nuts] 5>10 doubler

2015-01-29 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/28/2015 11:28 AM, Charles Steinmetz wrote: Gerhard wrote: It is a different game when you want to notch away sub/harmonics. One problem with using crystals as traps (notch filters) is that the series resistance of a crystal is several orders of magnitude higher than that of a good seri

Re: [time-nuts] 5>10 doubler

2015-01-30 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/29/2015 5:41 PM, Alexander Pummer wrote: And the narrow notch for the harmonic is not required anyway, since the fundamental is fare enough, therefore a high Q LC trap will work better, also with the setting of the biasing af the active devices the Alex KJ6UHN When I designed the 5071A R

Re: [time-nuts] Usefulness of high end counters for ADEV plots of oscillators

2015-01-30 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
First of all, the oven oscillator option of the 53230 is no where near as stable in ADEV as a 10811 for example. The counter itself is 1 or 2 orders of magnitude better than the built in timebase. So don't waste your money on the OCXO option when you, as a time nut, undoubtably already own someth

Re: [time-nuts] 10544A vs. 10811

2015-02-01 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The other big difference is that the 10811 uses an SC cut crystal instead of an AT cut crystal. From a cold start, the SC achieves a given stability much faster than an AT cut. If you are just going to run the oven continuously (likely mode for time nuts), this isn't any big deal to you. The rea

Re: [time-nuts] 10544A vs. 10811

2015-02-01 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
PM, Richard (Rick) Karlquist wrote: The other big difference is that the 10811 uses an SC cut crystal instead of an AT cut crystal. I stand corrected. Rick ___ time-nuts mailing list -- time-nuts@febo.com To unsubscribe, go to https://www.febo.com/cgi

Re: [time-nuts] OXCO insulation

2015-02-26 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 2/25/2015 4:32 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: On Wed, 25 Feb 2015 10:16:58 +0100 Attila Kinali wrote: Actually, you should put the temp sensor close to the heater, not the crystal. The delay between the actuator (heater) and the feedback (temperature sensor) defines the dead time. The presence

Re: [time-nuts] Obscure HP T/F instruments in ebay.fr

2015-03-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Before the Keysight split, there was an Agilent museum at HQ in Santa Clara. It was packed full of interesting old HP stuff and even had a part time archivist. I'm now retired and don't know what became of this museum in the split. I feel I got out while the getting was good. Rick Karlquist N6R

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-11 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/11/2015 5:01 AM, J. L. Trantham wrote: Unless the design has been changed, the 10811 option for the 53132 has poor short term stability and degrades the performance of the 10811 by something like an order of magnitude. I complained about this when the counter first came out 25 years ago but

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/12/2015 1:03 AM, Adrian Godwin wrote: What caused that degradation ? I'm interested in dos/don'ts for best use of a 10811. I don't remember the details much after 25 years, but basically they have a distribution amplifier that allows for internal or external 10 MHz and what I remember is

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/12/2015 2:22 PM, Magnus Danielson wrote: Hi, The buffer transistors has not AC-bypass of the emitter resistance, so that the DC current becomes large and thus contributes flicker noise. The comparator at the bottom isn't doing a beutifull work of squaring things up without contributing n

Re: [time-nuts] Distribution Amps

2015-04-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/12/2015 3:04 PM, Perry Sandeen via time-nuts wrote: List, For me it was simpler to buy asurplus HP 5087A for best offer which turned out to be $300 delivered. The 5087 series is ancient technology that has mediocre performance. I remember looking at the circuit designs in the series

Re: [time-nuts] 5 to 10 MHz doublers

2015-04-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The 5071A doublers I designed use MCL ASK-1 mixers. The LO and RF ports are connected in series. This arrangement is self limiting. So you drive them fairly hard and the output is level. The IF port needs to see a DC short circuit of course. This was essential in the 5071A since there were 5 d

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/12/2015 6:30 PM, Attila Kinali wrote: It might be that I'm already too sleepy, but I don't see why a faster comparator would add more jitter. Actually, my intuition (which is clearly wrong) would say the contrary. So, which effect does increase the jitter with comparator speed? The fast

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-13 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/13/2015 3:11 AM, John Miles wrote: A comparator with less open-loop gain was what they needed. Somebody at HP really liked ECL line receivers, though. Those were very noisy at HF, but this had little or nothing to do with their bandwidth (see my other post.) To square up a 10 MHz sig

Re: [time-nuts] Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A

2015-04-13 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/13/2015 12:14 PM, Magnus Danielson wrote: Oh yes. Some people say that you should not overcomplex things. My experience is that oversimplifying them can cause a long stretch of complex problems and complex workarounds making the total solution more expensive in development, customer relat

Re: [time-nuts] New +/- 1 sec in 100 days mech clock

2015-04-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Perhaps it is not a good analogy, but I think of the cesium beam tube in the 5071A. The plans alone are very non-trivial. Then there are a bunch of proprietary machining details that I can't disclose, that are way beyond the merely having access to a CNC tool. The systematic error due to the CB

Re: [time-nuts] HP5328A & HP5328B option 040

2015-04-23 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/23/2015 7:17 AM, Alberto di Bene wrote: On 4/23/2015 9:20 AM, VK2DAP wrote: /1) Generally speaking, would it be correct to say that when a product model number changes from A to B,// //that represents an improvement or major update to a product?/ I remember having read (don't recall wh

Re: [time-nuts] HP5328A & HP5328B option 040

2015-04-23 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/23/2015 12:20 AM, VK2DAP wrote: Dear time-nuts, I have a question about the HP5328A and HP5328B universal counters. 1) Generally speaking, would it be correct to say that when a product model number changes from A to B, that represents an improvement or major update to a product? 2) I a

[time-nuts] OT: PDF editing (was: Re: Ultra High Stability Time Base Options for 53132A)

2015-05-04 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 5/4/2015 5:25 PM, J. L. Trantham wrote: Charles, Thanks for the help. I need to learn how to add text to .PDF documents. Go to: www.tracker-software.com and download (for free): PDF-Xchange viewer. Rick Karlquist N6RK ___ time-nuts mai

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2015-05-05 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 4/26/2015 3:51 AM, Bryan _ wrote: All: P I was looking at the project from David partridges web site http://www.perdrix.co.uk/FrequencyDivider/index.html -=Bryan=- ___ This is a comparator based circu

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2015-05-07 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 5/6/2015 3:24 PM, Bob Camp wrote: Hi A standard input on a frequency counter is not a very demanding thing in the hierarchy of TimeNut signals. You can drive any of them with some pretty simple logic gate based circuits. No need to spend a lot of money. Bob Logic gate, yes. Comparat

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2015-05-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 5/8/2015 2:19 PM, Bob Camp wrote: On May 7, 2015, at 11:09 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: On Wed, 06 May 2015 18:09:03 -0700 "Richard (Rick) Karlquist" wrote: A standard input on a frequency counter is not a very demanding thing in the hierarchy of TimeNut signals. You can dr

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2015-05-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The only gates that seem to do very well are high speed (as in 74AC or faster) silicon CMOS. You need to run them with a fairly clean supply and feed them with a p-p input that matches the supply voltage. Other than that, not a lot of magic. Are they ideal - surely not. Will they hit 2x10^-13 ADE

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2015-05-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 5/20/2015 11:22 AM, Magnus Danielson wrote: The older HP counter manuals explained it very nicely too, as they illustrated the slew-rate & amplitude noise to time-noise conversion. What do amazes me is the fact that I've yet to see a counter input channel which takes care to square up the

Re: [time-nuts] Using CPLD/FPGA or similar for frequency divider

2015-06-05 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
I used a CPLD in a 900 GHz (that's right 900 GHz) optical sampling scope timebase. It was great because you just write a 17 bit counter in VHDL and there it is. You don't have to know anything about building digital hardware any more (40 years of experience wasted). Nobody cares about look ahead

Re: [time-nuts] Nature: Hyper-precise atomic clocks face off to redefine time

2015-06-05 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Can someone explain to me how this is going to work in light of the fact that each clock is in a different gravitational field? Or is accuracy not the measurement, but rather stability? No, that can't be because any lab that wants to measure stability merely needs to build two or three copies of

Re: [time-nuts] Using CPLD/FPGA or similar for frequency divider

2015-06-06 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The counter only had to run at ~50 MHz, on account of our mode locked laser ran at that frequency. I don't remember what the CPLD was rated at. Rick On 6/5/2015 8:19 PM, Hal Murray wrote: rich...@karlquist.com said: I used a CPLD in a 900 GHz (that's right 900 GHz) optical sampling scope tim

Re: [time-nuts] Modulation Domain Analysis

2015-06-16 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
That's interesting. I worked for the HP Santa Clara Division from 1979 until just before it was closed in 1998. I forget who "invented" MDA at SCD, but it was hyped like it was some new concept and I never heard anything about the HP9540. Many times someone would come to me and ask me about som

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-17 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/17/2015 8:22 AM, Jim Lux wrote: I'm looking for some representative data for inexpensive microwave VCOs (in the 2.5-6 GHz range, in general). Not in a locked loop situation, If the phase noise data you have goes to a low enough frequency to get below the 1/f corner (which is the case fo

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-17 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/17/2015 8:22 AM, Jim Lux wrote: I'm looking for some representative data for inexpensive microwave VCOs (in the 2.5-6 GHz range, in general). Not in a locked loop situation, If you are working up to 2.5 GHz, you can get a low power chip for $2 from Analog Devices that has a VCO and syn

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/18/2015 1:20 PM, Magnus Danielson wrote: The trick is to convert the 2nd degree loop to a 3rd degree loop, which then allows for a 12 dB/oct slope, to counteract the 9 dB/oct slope. No this is not correct. A very conventional Type 2 loop, where the loop filter consists of an integrator w

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/17/2015 11:36 PM, Attila Kinali wrote: Do you have any recomendation, where an ordinary engineer could read up on this topic? Attila Kinali There is always Floyd Gardners, Phase Lock Techniques. However, a better tutorial would be the one written by HP's Dieter

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/20/2015 6:25 AM, Jim Lux wrote: This makes a good case for the "30dB/decade very close in" Somewhat had asked about "how" close in the 30 dB/decade is good for. There is a reference about this issue. The book Edson: Vacuum Tube Oscillators has what I believe is the first published cal

Re: [time-nuts] Close in phase noise of microwave VCOs

2015-06-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 6/20/2015 1:16 PM, Alex Pummer wrote: Actually a YIG, even "standalone" has very good phase noise performance, as long as the tuning current is quite, once upon the time HP made some cheaper version of the 856x-es spectrum analyzers [ perhaps that was the 95xx ] they had the first LO just "sta

Re: [time-nuts] how to find low noise transistors

2015-07-19 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 7/18/2015 2:16 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: I always wonder how you figure out whether a transistor is low noise or not. What part of the datasheet hints at which transistors have low noise and which have not? Even if it's just try and measure, how do you find good candidates to measure?

Re: [time-nuts] how to find low noise transistors

2015-07-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 7/20/2015 8:12 AM, Charles Steinmetz wrote: Rick wrote: Base spreading resistance can be overcome by using a sufficiently high source impedance This sounds like the all-too-common noise figure fallacy (increasing input impedance to get a lower NF). All this does is raise the source impe

Re: [time-nuts] how to find low noise transistors

2015-07-24 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
OTOH, the other cure for high base spreading resistance is to simply parallel multiple devices. This avoids the bad side effects you mention. The other key noise parameter in a BJT is RF current gain, and this cannot be "cured" by any circuit design tricks. Rick Karlquist N6RK On 7/23/2015 8:2

Re: [time-nuts] how to find low noise transistors

2015-07-24 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 7/24/2015 11:58 AM, Brooke Clarke wrote: Hi Charles: Does hFE (DC) have much relevance to this? Would hfe (AC) be the important one? Only insofar as DC current gain is an upper bound on AC current gain. If your operating frequency is less than f-sub-t divided by beta, then DC current gai

Re: [time-nuts] HP Panel colors

2015-08-13 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
There used to be a color at HP called "mint gray" FWIW. Rick On 8/13/2015 1:58 AM, tim...@timeok.it wrote: I am interested in knowing the exact name or number of the colors used by HP for the HP5065A front panels. ___ time-nuts mailing list -- ti

Re: [time-nuts] 10811 unsoldered fuse

2015-10-20 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The thermal fuse plugs into pin sockets. It cannot be soldered for the obvious reason that the solder would melt it...at 109 degrees as it is marked. My suggestion would be to jumper it out of the circuit. Rick Karlquist N6RK On 10/19/2015 12:31 PM, Dimitri.p wrote: How common is it to find un

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-10-26 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
The oscillator transistor and buffer amplifier are basically the same as the HP 10811, except for the absence of mode suppressors. The difference here is that the oscillator self limits in the oscillator transistor, whereas the 10811 has ALC. The discontinuous operation of the transistor, as exp

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-10-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 10/26/2015 9:15 PM, Bruce Griffiths wrote: The 10811A ocxo uses an oscillator of this type albeit with a lower crystal current, an overtone crystal. However the output stages spoil the PN floor..Cascaded transformer coupled CB stages are somewhat quieter. Bruce That's right. Burgoon (10

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-10-28 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 10/27/2015 10:11 PM, Bruce Griffiths wrote: The answer to this conundrum is surely that the equation for PN doesn't apply directly in this case for offset frequencies outside the crystal bandwidth. The Crystal actually bandpass filters the signal and PN noise generated by oscillator. For of

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-10-28 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 10/28/2015 10:38 AM, Hal Murray wrote: rich...@karlquist.com said: The 2N5179 in the 10811 is selected for minimum beta and Ft at 20 mA, which is the start up condition due to the ALC being at full gain. It has a special HP part number, so you wouldn't know this just looking at the parts li

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-10-28 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Do you have a specific URL for "hacking oscillators"? I can't find it on Rubiola's web site. Rick On 10/28/2015 1:32 PM, Gerhard Hoffmann wrote: Am 28.10.2015 um 19:22 schrieb KA2WEU--- via time-nuts: This oscillator seems to have been more a frequency standard then a noise standard. Today's

Re: [time-nuts] Low noise quartz crystal oscillator by Bruce Griffiths

2015-11-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Driscoll wrote a lot about oscillators over the years. I couldn't find anything specific to discontinuous operation. Do you have a titel of a paper related to this? What Driscoll was talking about was self limiting in a transistor. That is discontinuous operation, although Driscoll doesn't c

Re: [time-nuts] Time syncing WiFi routers using FM radio

2015-11-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/12/2015 12:04 AM, Hal Murray wrote: I think it was HP that measured the signal in the Silicon Valley area. NBS published and distributed the offset. Does anybody remember that booklet? Did I get the story reasonably accurate? When I was hired by HP in 1979, my new boss (who was the

Re: [time-nuts] modern electronics education/jobs (was:

2015-11-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 11/12/2015 1:01 PM, William Schrempp wrote: has failed. I hear old machinists complaining about new machinists who can't drill a hole if the drill-press isn't computer-controlled. And in my work, nurse education, I see students who can't be bothered to learn how to take a manual blood-press

Re: [time-nuts] Phase microstepper designs?

2015-12-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/9/2015 2:26 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: Moin, I just tried to figure out how phase microsteppers are usually build, but, beside the time-nuts discussion from 10 years ago and US patents US4358741 and US4417352 my search turned out empty. I am pretty sure that I used the wrong search terms and

Re: [time-nuts] GPSDO and oscillator steering - EFC vs DDS schemes?

2015-12-13 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
It's been 20 years since I presented that paper in San Francisco at FCS and I had just about forgotten about it. It is flattering to realize that people are still reading it now. It might be useful for the discussion here if I explained why I wrote the paper. We had recently completed the 5071A

Re: [time-nuts] Phase noise from Allan Deviation ?

2015-12-14 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 12/13/2015 7:15 PM, Tom McDermott wrote: It brings up a question: Is it possible to estimate the phase noise of that internal crystal from the ADEV measurements? There are a bunch of papers that go the other way: from Phase Noise to Adev. Searching brings up only one paper that goes from

Re: [time-nuts] DMTD - analog multiplier vs. diode mixer ?

2016-01-06 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/5/2016 12:07 PM, Bruce Griffiths wrote: The noise of such Gilbert cell based analog multipliers far exceeds that of the traditional mixer. Bruce Read Gilbert's paper or Gray and Meyers analog IC textbook and you will see that the whole theory of operation of these depends on keeping the

Re: [time-nuts] DMTD - analog multiplier vs. diode mixer ?

2016-01-07 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/7/2016 4:35 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: How about using the Gilbert Cell as "digital" mixer, ie driving the currents hard from one branch to the other and replacing the current sources by resistors? How much would that improve the noise? Would it be still much worse than the diode mixer?

Re: [time-nuts] DMTD - analog multiplier vs. diode mixer ?

2016-01-08 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/7/2016 3:11 PM, Bob Camp wrote: Hi If your intention is to run a mixer with saturated inputs …. just run an X-OR gate. It will handle the high level signals much better than an over-driven analog part. Bob If you look at the schematic of an XOR gate IC and compare it to the schemati

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2016-01-09 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/9/2016 12:44 PM, Attila Kinali wrote: The purpose of the input circuit is to convert the RF input signal into a low-jitter square wave that can drive the PIC clock input. The circuit is closely based on the one published by Wenzel at http://www.wenzel.com/documents/waveform.html, with modif

Re: [time-nuts] Divider circuit for Rubidium Standard

2016-01-10 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
mans substitute for the multistage zero crossing detectors discussed on this forum many times. Rick On 1/10/2016 2:24 AM, Attila Kinali wrote: Hi Rick, On Sat, 9 Jan 2016 14:45:43 -0800 "Richard (Rick) Karlquist" wrote: This circuit is very similar to one that was championed by To

Re: [time-nuts] DMTD - analog multiplier vs. diode mixer ?

2016-01-10 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Phase frequency detectors (starting with the legendary MC4044) being made out of flip flops, had metastability and/or race conditions. Motorola showed a block diagram made of gates, as if it were combinatorial logic, but because of the feedback, it is actually a state machine, as described in the

Re: [time-nuts] New Member + Basic Questions

2016-01-16 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/14/2016 12:35 PM, Nathan Johnson wrote: What does the group think of the HP 8660? Just scored a broken one too cheap to pass up. I know it's not gonna be the last signal generator I buy, but for under $100 shipped it should be an interesting project. Nathan KK4REY When I worked at HP, I

Re: [time-nuts] low noise multiplication to 100 MHz

2016-01-21 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
It is interesting that the HP8662A multiplies 10 MHz to 640 MHz, in steps of 2X. But there is a crystal filter at 80 MHz to clean up the wideband noise of the 10811. In the 11729, they filter the 640 MHz from the 8662 with a SAW filter, again to eliminate multiplied up wideband noise. It's goin

Re: [time-nuts] what is acceptable harmonic content & level for a 10Mhz standard?

2016-01-26 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/26/2016 11:52 AM, walter shawlee 2 wrote: I have been working on a compact portable 10Mhz bench standard using both an FE FE5680A Rb oscillator and an Oscilloquartz ovenized It is important for a 10 MHz source to launch a pure sine wave and also to have an accurate 50 ohm impedance at 10

Re: [time-nuts] HP5370B & HP5345B Front-End IC Redesign Effort

2016-01-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 1/22/2016 2:14 PM, Mathew Breton wrote: I was gifted an HP 5370B with the usual problem: front-end problems, probably due to overstress. It is currently up and running again with a set of 5345A series A3/A4 boards as I wasn't able to get a cheap pair of 5088-706x hybrid ICs. This sounds lik

Re: [time-nuts] HP Equipment Running Hot as Heck...

2016-01-27 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
Vintage HP equipment often had HP made power transformers, which ran all the time whether the equipment was on or off. The core loss while idling could be fairly high. The core was usually just below saturation, so that if the power switch was on 100V, it would really get hot. There was some log

Re: [time-nuts] HP 10811

2016-02-11 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 2/11/2016 2:56 PM, ws at Yahoo via time-nuts wrote: Joe The inner oven voltage needs to be stable! To better than 0.1V. Unlike the single oven unit, the inner oven on the dual oven unit runs fine at 15 Volts. It draws a couple hundred ma after warm-up. It's been a long time, but IIRC, it w

Re: [time-nuts] Calibration procedures - what is normal?

2016-02-12 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 2/12/2016 12:14 PM, Joseph Gray wrote: I sent my HP 3457A in for cal. I should be getting it back next week. I won't mention where I sent it, but it wasn't Keysight (I don't like that name). I recently changed the SRAM battery and purposely did not I left Agilent just before the split, but I

Re: [time-nuts] HP Reliability

2016-02-14 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
A few clarifications: Before 1999, HP had a Medical Division that made equipment you saw in hospitals and a Scientific Instrument Division that made chemical analysis equipment used in medical laboratories (and also other laboratories). IIRC, both began as acquisitions. The Agilent spin off in

Re: [time-nuts] HP Reliability

2016-02-14 Thread Richard (Rick) Karlquist
On 2/14/2016 11:20 AM, William H. Fite wrote: They don't wonder; they know very well. But they're stuck. Consider oscilloscopes. Why pay for a Keysight or Tectronix or LeCroy or, God forbid, a Rohde & Schwarz when, for the vast majority of applications, a Rigol will give you everything you need

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