At 09:45 AM 1/9/2006 -0800, you wrote:
Ode wrote
"........the conductivity of the water rises and you have to reduce
voltage to keep current under control or do something to keep 'apparent'
conductivity down, like moving the electrodes further and further apart........
Yes, I think this is true. The closer the elctrodes are the faster the
yellowing starts. The second batch after reading the posts, where I
placed the electrodes farther apart, gave me a clearer end solution. I
know now that much of this has to do with or is dependent on voltage
regulation and stirring.
## Buying a cheapo digital volt/ohm/current meter will tell you all sorts
of useful stories. If there is a Harbor Freight store nearby, they can be
had for as little as $4
It's not voltage that needs to be regulated, it's current density. [How
much current per square inch of electrode the set up 'draws']
Current is a function of how much electrode, how far apart they are, how
easily the water conducts electricity [ it becomes more and more
conductive] and how much voltage you use.
There are several ways to control that current.
1] Gradually reduce voltage as the water becomes more and more conductive.
This can be done with a variable resistor or potentiometer.
2] Gradually increase distance between the electrodes
If you use a container with a wide opening...like a small fish tank?.. you
could place your electrodes on a ruler that spans the top.
They can be close at first and gradually be moved further and further
apart as the current draw increases while water conductivity increases as
more and more silver winds up in that water.
The ruler will actually give you a number in inches that will relate to
conductivity, if voltage is constant.
A cheap multi meter set on milliamps will tell you exactly when and how
far to move the electrodes.
If you put a 15 cent LED in there, you could use the brightness of the
LED as a crude guide instead of the meter.
With a set up like that, I have no doubt you could make CS at 20 PPM [and
higher] that's very very nice and very close to the same every time.
Mount an electrode on the tone arm of a record player...as the record
plays, the electrode moves and when your favorite song comes up..it's done.
?????????????????????
Ode
I'm confident that the water quality I am using is good. If it reads
anything other than 000 on the TDS meter, I don't use it. The other
problem I have to consider is contamination during the process. I haven't
been using a cover while brewing. Most of the generators sold have
lids so I am changing to rig a covered container.
## A cover is a minor consideration
Ode Coyote <[email protected]> wrote:
>
>Doesn't work that way.
As silver goes into the water in soluble form, the conductivity of the
water rises and you have to reduce voltage to keep current under control or
do something to keep 'apparent' conductivity down, like moving the
electrodes further and further apart.
As you reach the limits of solubility of a dissolved substance in water, it
will start to form crystals and precipitate out.
Many factors control how large those crystals are and how much they grow,
one being concentration..ie..how closely packed the smaller ones are and
how fast they form plays a role as well.
This is the reason for keeping current density down and for stirring, as
current controls the rate of ion discharge and the concentration is highest
near the electrodes.
An! other is nucleation..ie ..what there is for a crystal to grow on.
This is the reason to use the purest water possible.
Much of this is similar to making rock candy in the basics.
Of course, CS/EIS isn't sugar and doesn't behave exactly like sugar.
Ode
>I postulate that as I increase voltage without
>increasing current, particles are smaller
>(picometers), and maximum soluble silver would
>increase.
>
>Terry Chamberlin
>
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