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July 13, 2015
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Sprinkler Placement Under Obstructions
"When locating sprinklers under obstructions, Section 8.5.5.3 does not seem to
be
very clear on the placement of the sprinklers. Also, if the sprinkler is not
located
under the obstruction, is there a concern of cold soldering from the ceiling
sprinklers?"
We have reviewed NFPA 13, 2013 edition as the applicable standard. Our informal
interpretation is that the next edition of NFPA 13 will provide additional
guidance.
The current criteria are Section 8.5.5.3.1 that indicates sprinklers shall be
installed
under fixed obstructions over 4 ft wide. This indicates that the sprinkler
should
be located directly under the obstruction. There are some applications where
this
is impractical. We know that the heat plume will spill out the sides of the
obstruction.
The next edition will address this issue with new text as Section 8.5.5.3.1.1
that
will state, "Sprinklers shall be located below the obstruction and not more than
3 in. from the outside edge of the obstruction." It would have been cleaner if
the text said no more than 3 inches beyond the outside edge since an extreme
interpretation
could be the placement is still be under the obstruction but no more than 3
inches
from the edge. This aspect is clarified by additional text concerning cold
soldering.
When sprinklers are located beyond the outside edge of the obstruction, that
sprinkler
will be subjected to water spray from sprinklers above and can create a cold
soldering
condition. One could rightly argue that it doesn't matter since the hydraulic
procedure
only requires one of the two sprinklers to be included in the calculation on the
premise that only one of them will activate. As it turns out, though, this
would
be incorrect. Just like section 8.5.5.3.3 of the 2013 edition requiring
intermediate
level / rack storage type sprinklers under open gratings, a new section
8.5.5.3.1.2
with require the same type when a sprinkler is located adjacent to the
obstruction.
Regarding the deflector distance below the obstruction, this would depend upon
the
construction type assigned to the bottom of the obstruction. Most obstructions
seem to look like unobstructed construction. The next edition will have new
text
as Section 8.5.5.3.1.3 that will state, "The deflector of automatic sprinklers
installed
under fixed obstructions shall be positioned no more than 12 in. below the
bottom
of the obstruction."
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Technical Update is prepared by the Technical Services Dept. of the AFSA: Vice
President
of Engineering and Technical Services Roland Huggins, a PE registered in fire
protection
engineering; Phill Brown, a NICET IV certified automatic sprinkler technician
and
NFPA Certified Fire Protection Specialist (CFPS) and Tom Wellen, a PE registered
in fire protection engineering. This is provided with the understanding that
the
AFSA assumes no liability for this opinion or actions taken on it and they are
not
to be considered the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.
Copyright 2015, American Fire Sprinkler Association. All Rights Reserved
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