The military issue has come up with OSM before. My thoughts:
Most of the time mapping military areas is not a security risk, but perhaps
mapping the roads and buildings inside them (if you can't see them from
outside the area). Anyone can take these notes, and if they are for bad
intentions they will do it more covertly (like not say they are making a map
when asked, and writing notes encoded to look like a poem or something
else).

Map making is not surveying. Surveying(taking notes and recordings on the
ground) might be illegal if unauthorised by the government, but map making
(creating the map from other sources while in another country) isn't under
their power to stop. Also creating map products (navigation or paper maps)
might need to be authorised (for use) in that country.

Some recent links:

http://brainoff.com/weblog/2010/02/26/1532
<http://brainoff.com/weblog/2010/02/26/1532>“One of the goals of your
project is to map military installations!” Colonel Omar had printed out the
OSM map key.

http://blog.wonderfullyrich.net/2010/01/uganda-treats-you-right/ didn't go
so well. If they had just told him "yes this is the UN clinic" then he could
have mapped it as such.
Is it really a barracks in disguise and everyone locally knows? Then he
should map it as a clinic, because that's what the signs on the ground say
(and if the guards had said so). Military installations usually say "keep
out, military area, do not stop while passing, etc." and so you can map them
as military landuse (but perhaps not know any other details). Then future
people using OSM will not go "wow, why are there guards everywhere?" and
think the industrial area had been invaded, that is the aim of maps.

-- 
Gregory
o...@livingwithdragons.com
http://www.livingwithdragons.com
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