Q1 Funny Q & A; Because we ride in a car and will get into an accident and die , better not to own a car or even if owned, park it permanently at the parking lot. Now why is he incorrect? " The Problem With Open WindowsINCORRECT CYCLING
People often think that they will save money by leaving the windows open and letting the cool air from outside come in. However, this is not the case! You are actually wasting money and cool air by doing this. One of the most important things your air conditioner does is cycle on and off to maintain a comfortable temperature in your home. When you leave a window open, it can cause your air conditioner to cycle incorrectly and make your home too hot or too cold. This can be avoided by simply closing your windows! WASTING ELECTRICITY Your air conditioner doesn’t know what the temperature is like outside. When you leave a window open, cool air escapes and hot air replaces it, tricking your air conditioner into thinking that it has to work harder and waste electricity. By keeping your windows shut, you can save money on your air conditioning bill and keep your home cool and comfortable. INCREASED DUST AND POLLEN Opening windows while air conditioning is running can cause dust and pollen to enter your home. This can be a problem for people who suffer from asthma or pollen allergies. By keeping your windows closed, you can avoid letting in any unwanted dust or pollen. HUMIDITY AND MOLD Opening windows while running the air conditioner can allow external humidity to enter, raising the moisture level inside your home. This can make it feel muggy and uncomfortable. It can also lead to mold growth, which can be a dangerous health hazard. When using air conditioning, keep your windows closed to maintain a comfortable humidity level inside your home. So how do you avoid these air conditioning mistakes? The best thing you can do for your air conditioner is to run it at night when it is already coolest and then keep windows and doors shut as much as possible during the day. This will help your air conditioner work less and save you money <https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/personalfinance/2017/06/11/11-easy-ways-lower-your-air-conditioning-bill-summer/102558990/> on your energy bill. If you must open a window during the day, make sure to close it as soon as possible so that your air conditioner doesn’t have to work overtime. Q2 What is a Skin Cell? The term 'skin cell' may refer to any of the four main types of cells found in the epidermis. These are keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells. Each type of skin cell has a unique role that contributes to the overall structure and function of the skin. The research goes on to say that skin regeneration can happen in two ways:restoration, or putting together what is broken 2 reconstruction, or replacing and rebuilding what is torn down. Skin regeneration is a natural physical process that occurs on a cellular level. “The epidermis <https://www.healthline.com/health/stratum-corneum> cells, or top layers of skin, continuously replace themselves,” explains Laura Chacon-Garbato, a licensed esthetician and director of education at Herbalife <https://iamherbalifenutrition.com/contributors/laura-chacon-garbato/>. “This process of renewal is the process of shedding the epidermis.” In other words, skin regeneration is a constant renewal of cells. Neurons are nerve cells that send messages all over your body to allow you to do everything from breathing to talking, eating, walking, and thinking. Until recently, most neuroscientists (scientists who study the brain) thought we were born with all the neurons we were ever going to have. If both are same or even similar, then there is some weight in the Q &A which you are reading. But Skin cells are waste product whereas Neurons are live transmitters; It is as bad as telling skin cells and atom cells are one and the same. 1. Neurogenesis in the adult human brain is still tricky for neuroscientists to show, let alone learn about, how it impacts the brain and its functions. Still, scientists are intrigued by current research on neurogenesis and the possible role of new neurons in the adult brain for learning and memory. Neurons, the nerve cells that send and receive signals 2. Glia, cells that provide structure in the brain In some parts of the brain, there are many more glia than neurons, but neurons are the key players in the brain. Neurons are information messengers. They use electrical and chemical signals to send information between different areas of the brain, as well as between the brain, the spinal cord, and the entire body. Everything we think, feel, and do would be impossible without the work of neurons and their support cells, the glial cells called astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. A neuron has three basic parts: a cell body, and two branches called an axon and a dendrite. Within the cell body is a nucleus, which controls the cell’s activities and contains the cell’s genetic material. The axon looks like a long tail and sends messages from the cell. A dendrite looks like the branch of a tree and receives messages for the cell. Neurons communicate with each other by sending chemicals, called neurotransmitters, across a tiny space called a synapse, between the axons and dendrites of nearby neurons. Although neurons are the longest living cells in the body, large numbers of them die during migration <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-life-and-death-neuron#migration> and differentiation <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-life-and-death-neuron#differentiation>. The lives of some neurons can take strange turns. Some diseases of the brain are the result of the unnatural deaths of neurons. - In Parkinson’s disease <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/parkinsons-disease>, neurons that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine die off in the basal ganglia, an area of the brain that controls body movements. This causes people with this disease to experience shaking, to move more slowly, and to have problems with balance. - In Huntington’s disease <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/huntingtons-disease>, a genetic mutation causes neurons to create too much of a neurotransmitter called glutamate, which kills neurons in the basal ganglia. As a result, people twist and move uncontrollably, and over time, they lose the ability to do many everyday tasks like walking and eating. People with this disease typically have shorter lives than those without this disease. - In Alzheimer’s disease <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/alzheimers-disease>, unusual proteins build up in and around neurons in the neocortex and hippocampus, the parts of the brain that control memory. When these neurons die, people lose their abilities to remember and do everyday tasks. - Physical damage to the brain and the spinal cord can also kill or disable neurons. Damage to the brain <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/traumatic-brain-injury-tbi> caused by shaking or hitting the head, or because of a stroke <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/stroke>, can kill neurons immediately or slowly, starving them of the oxygen and nutrients they need to survive. - A s <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/spinal-cord-injury>pinal cord injury <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/spinal-cord-injury> can cut off communication between the brain and the muscles. When neurons lose their connection to the axons (the parts of neurons that send messages to other neurons) located below the site of injury, the neurons may still live, but they lose their ability to communicate. Scientists hope that by understanding more about the life and death of neurons, they can develop new treatments, and possibly even cures, for brain diseases and disorders that affect the lives of millions. The most current research suggests that neural stem cells can generate many, if not all, of the different types of neurons found in the brain and the nervous system. Learning how to manipulate these stem cells in the laboratory into specific types of neurons could produce a fresh supply of brain cells to replace those that have died or been damaged. So where is 30, 50 years, 100 years etc? The writer shall first understand (I had written about it since 5 to 10 years even quoting Ramachandran of Kerala who is an expert in this, who said that not even the tip of the iceberg is known till now.) whether there is death, renewal or will last long even after death etc before writing some gossip like this. K RAJARAM IRS 19 8 23 On Sat, 19 Aug 2023 at 13:15, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < [email protected]> wrote: > *CULTURAL QA 08-2023-19* > > *Q1 Is it safe to run an air conditioner in a closed room with no > ventilation?* > > A1 Gopala Krishnan,Former Assistant General Manager 1996-2004 > at Department of Telecom (1966–2004)Just now > > Not at all safe. At least one window panel must be opened partially. If > any problem occur with air-conditioner and gas leak inside, persons inside > may be suffocating. Especially in night never run an air conditioner > either old/new with out opening a panel of the window. > > I am using air conditioner in bed rooms with window panel partially opened > for the last 17 years > > Q2 Human skin cells are replaced every 20 days, while human > brain cells last 30 to 50 years. Why would brain cells need to last for so > long? Why might this be a problem if we managed to extend human life beyond > 100 years? > > A2 Ken Saladin,Former professor of histology (microscopic > anatomy)Updated 8mo > > Human brain cells last a lot longer than that. In a person who dies at age > 100+, his or her brain neurons have been there since childhood. Neurons > and cardiac and skeletal muscle cells are the longest-lived cells in the > human body. > > They are capable of little if any mitosis, so they cannot reproduce or > replace themselves to any significant extent. > > To understand why neurons don’t mitotically reproduce themselves, consider > the brain neuron type shown above, called a Purkinje cell. On the left is a > photo of one stained with a fluorescent dye and viewed under ultraviolet > light with a fluorescence microscope. On the right is a drawing of one made > over a century ago by the painstaking, Nobel-winning Spanish histologist > Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1852–1934). > > The large bulbous part, the cell body (neurosoma), is where the cell’s > nucleus and nuclear DNA reside. In other cells (not neurons) there is also > a pair of organelles called centrioles near the nucleus. Centrioles (dark > yellow in the next illustration) are the key to mitosis, producing the > mitotic spindle that organizes the chromosomes of a dividing cell and > distributes them in equal sets to the two daughter cells—basic high school > biology. > > Without centrioles, a cell can’t undergo mitosis. Neurons don’t have > centrioles. > > But why shouldn’t they be enabled to divide? Go back again to that > Purkinje cell. Notice the tremendously complex profusion of branches, called > dendrites, above the cell body. Even these two images considerably > underrepresent their profusion and complexity. All these dendrites are in > contact with other neurons at junctions (synapses), where neurons > communicate with each other. *Some neurons have as many as 100,000 > synapses. They are the essence of the circuitry that gives the brain its > information-processing capability.* > > If a neuron like this were to undergo mitosis, how would it preserve or > restore this vast network of interconnections during or after it divided? > Would > it withdraw all these dendrites, contract into a single globular form, and > divide? How would it reach out and restore all these vital interconnections > afterward? Which daughter cell would do that? Both? What would that do to > our neural integration and functionality of the brain? Only one of them? > What would the other cell do? > > Suppose the cell didn’t ball up, but tried to retain the integrity of this > circuitry while dividing. Would the splitting of the cell have to travel up > every one of these branches? Imaging how often that would go wrong, and > what brain dysfunctions might result. > > So with that example, I think you can see why, once formed, brain cells > don’t reproduce. There are stem cells that continue producing new neurons > in childhood, but by most reports, there’s little significant production of > new human neurons beyond childhood (little adult neurogenesis). > > *We lose neurons at an alarming rate after middle age, but we don’t gain > many new ones. The neurons you die with, however old you may be, are ones > that have been with you, undivided, since late childhood*. > > *Q3 What are the benefits of using a mini vacuum cleaner?* > > A3 Gopala Krishnan,Former Assistant General Manager 1996-2004 at > Department of Telecom (1966–2004)Just now > > *It is very handy and weightless*. Holding it using both hands, dusting > from furniture, fan, floor etc can be done. Suction and exhaust available > in same cleaner. I am having a Philips make item, appearing just like a > large cucumber > > *Q4``What is the most unusual place on Earth that has been affected by > climate change?* > > A4 Steven Haddock,Studied at York University (Canada)13h > > Welcome to the Atacama Desert;This is the driest place on earth. There > was no recorded rainfall over most of it for the hundreds of years that > people have been keeping records. Not a drop. Not a quick shower. Nada. > Geological evidence, which looks for sites of past flooding, also seem to > be completely absent, showing no rain over most of its geological timespan. > > *The Atacama sits within a “double rain shadow” where mountains to its > east and west both have rain falling on them, but none of it reaches the > Atacama*. Usually, high pressure systems form above the desert, pushing > weather systems around it. > > Well, at least none of it did until 2015. Then nature made up for lost time > > *2015 Northern Chile floods and mudflow - Wikipedia* > > From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 2015 Northern Chile flash flood and > mudflow Date 23 March 2015 ( 2015-03-23 ) – 25 March 2015 ( 2015-03-25 ) > Location > Atacama , Antofagasta , Coquimbo regions, Chile . Deaths 26 (125 missing) > Property damage 28,108 houses damaged or lost > > The 2015 Northern Chile floods were a series of mudflows that affected > much of northern Chile , product of flash floods from different rivers due > to unseasonal heavy rains in the area, causing severe damage in several > towns of the Antofagasta , Atacama and Coquimbo regions. [1] [2] Flooding > in Chile and Peru resulted from an unusual cold front which moved across > the Andes, bringing heavy rainfall to the region. [3] The National Office > of Emergency of the Interior Ministry (ONEMI) has reported more than 27,413 > people affected, 5,585 people on shelters and more than 300 isolated due to > roads destruction. [4] [5] 26 people died during the mudflow and 101 are > officially missing, although it is expected that these numbers will > increase as contact is reestablished with remote communities. [6] > Preliminary figures show that property damage reaches more than 28,000 > houses, of those 105 are completely destroyed, and at least 5,900 present > severe damages. [7] State of emergency [ edit ] Los Carrera Avenue in > Copiapó On March 25, near the 17:00 (UTC 3) hours, and due to the serious > events due to flooding, the president of Chile, Michelle Bachelet *declared > Constitutional State of Exception Catastrophe throughout the Region of > Atacama, where about 320,000 people, mainly settled in the cities of > Copiapó and reside Vallenar. This state means that the Armed Forces of > Chile take control of the area to protect and maintain public order in the > affected area*. > > The officer in charge is Chief Lieutenant Colonel Marcel Urrutia Caro, > belonging to the Army Chile. Hours later a state of emergency was extended > to the city of Antofagasta. President Michelle Bachelet is in the areas > affected by floods since March 25. Chañaral visited on March 26, and that > same day was decreed curfew across the Atacama region since 23:00 to 6:00 > hours (UTC −3) . The March 26 were deployed Marines in Chañaral to contain > looting registered in some shops during the day. President Michelle > Bachelet visiting the affected area The authorities and citizens reported > cases of speculation and hoarding of food and staples. The government > announced a lawsuit against those conducting unjustified price increases, > and in supermarkets and service stations rationed the sale of certain > products and fuels. In La Serena and Coquimbo the stock of bottled water > scarcity product sold out due to problems in processing water Elqui river. > The Chilean Navy sent to the port of Chañaral the Rancagua and Chacabuco > barges emergency vehicles, supplies and Marines, along with the ship > Sergeant Aldea. The government allocated 1.1 billion Chilean peso for the > reconstruction. See also [ edit ] References [ edit ] External links [ edit > ] > > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Northern_Chile_floods_and_mudflow > > So what happened? Well, as the Pacific warmed, the weather patterns that > had been pretty consistent for centuries have started to change. > > > > *Several high pressure systems surrounded a low pressure system that > usually sits much further east* and south and is cut off by high pressure > systems that form around the Atacama. This time, the pressure systems > pushed the low right up against the north coast of Chile. Fed by rapidly > warming equatorial air which rushed in from the north between the systems, > *the > rain was dropped on the desert instead of being forced around it.* > > *Q5 If satellites orbit the moon, why can't we see the dark side > of the moon?* > > A5 Steve Baker,Senior Software Engineer (2013–present)Aug 8 > > We can - we’ve had photos of the far side of the moon since the Russians > first sent a probe around the Moon in 1959… > > *The spacecraft - called “LUNA-3” took the photo onto regular film - and > had equipment to process and develop the film - then to scan it with a > device like a Fax machine to radio it back to Earth!!* > > These days, we have satellites in orbit around the moon - such as LRO (the > “Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter”) which has photos of the entire moon - both > the near and far sides and the polar regions - at impressive resolution. > > > > Using stereo imaging techniques we now have fairly accurate elevation maps > - we’ve mapped out the moon’s weird gravitational anomalies - we have > thermal maps, albedo maps - we’ve taken spectra of the lunar surface to > figure out what the surface rocks are made of. > > We know a LOT about the far side of the moon. > > I prefer to call it “The Far Side” rather than “The Dark Side” - because > it’s no darker there than it is on the more familiar “Near Side”. > > All of this study since the 1950’s has produced several findings that I > find surprising: > > *There are large/heavy masses below the surface of the moon* (presumably > large asteroid bodies) which disrupt the smooth gravitational field of the > moon - making it challenging to maintain low orbits over it. > > *There are significant deposits of water ice inside deep craters* close > to the lunar North and South Poles - places where the sun literally never > shines. > > The moon is more egg-shaped than spherical because of the way it orbits > the Earth with one side continually facing us. > > The pattern of cratering is WILDLY different on the near and far sides. > > This seems to be that many of the asteroids that would have impacted the > near side of the moon were attracted by Earth’s much greater gravity - and > hit Earth instead of the Moon. > > *All the above QA are from Quora digest to me on 19-08- 2023.* > > *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .Compiled **and posted by > R. Gopala krishnan, on 19-08-2023* > > > > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "iyer123" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1917542837.860044.1692431144991%40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1917542837.860044.1692431144991%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZorVq9m1GYQpy24Qn0pkHrdxROEW56mU826P9kVFgGXoRQ%40mail.gmail.com.
