Nature was not worshipped as GOD but respected as truth to stay with
forever. "The Vedas deal with knowledge, the knowledge of all sorts. They
cover knowledge both physical and spiritual. They are the source of all
knowledge according to Manusmriti. Especially the Vedic views revolve
around the concept of nature and life. The visions of the beauty of life
and nature in the Vedas are extremely rich in poetic value. Perhaps nowhere
else in the world has the glory of dawn and sun-rise and the silence and
sweetness of nature, received such rich and at the
at the same time such a pure expression. The symbolical pictures
projected there
remain close to life and nature. The most authoritative among the four
Vedas is called the Rigveda. Each Vedic verse has one or more sages
(Rishis) and deities (Devatas) associated with it. Generally, Rishis are
supposed to be the recipient of knowledge revealed in the verses and
Devatas are supposed to be the gods in whose praise verses are revealed.
The Vedic hymns are full of statements, ideas and unusual images which
contain truths of all sciences. Here, knowledge is couched in symbolic
language and unless the symbols are decoded, the real purport of the
mantras cannot be understood. The only point is that Vedas need to be
studied and interpreted, not in a pedantic manner, but in their proper
perspective and in relevant context. The tripartite model of knowledge at
the basis of the hymns helps in their understanding. Generally, indication
of most of the principles is there in their earliest form. Often
expressions of ideas are enveloped with the shade of symbolism. The
approach of Vedic seers is truly comprehensive. They do not visualize in
parts. They do not elaborate subjects as is done in current education. But
at the same time, grandeur and brevity of the Vedas are not found in the
disciplines of modern science. The Vedas and disciplines of modern science
are rather complementary and not contradictory. If modern science is seen or
read through Vedic eyes, the students will be much benefited. Students of
science may search the earliest of the ideas about any discipline in the
Vedic literature. In recent days, environmental science and ecology are
disciplines of modern science under which study of the environment and its
constituents is done with minute details. As Science, they are established
in 20th century, but their origin can be seen long back in the Vedic and
ancient Sanskrit literature. The concepts of environment differ from age to
age, since it depends upon the condition, prevalent at that particular time.
In modern Sanskrit, the word “Paryavarana” is used for environment,
meaning which encircles us, which is all around in our surroundings. But in
the Atharvaveda words equivalent to this sense are used; such as
Vritavrita, Abhivarah, Avritah, Parivrita etc. Vedic view on the
environment is well-defined in one verse of the Atharvaveda where three
coverings of our surroundings are referred as Chandamsi : ‘Wise utilize
three elements variously which are varied, visible and full of qualities.
These are water, air and plants or herbs. They exist in the world from the
very beginning. They are called as Chandansi meaning ‘coverings available
everywhere.’ It proves the knowledge of Vedic seers about the basic
elements of the environment. According to one indigenous theory established
in the Upanishads, the universe consists of five basic elements viz.,1.
Earth or land, 2. water, 3. light or lustre, 4. air, and . ether. Nature
has maintained a status of balance between and among these constituents or
elements and living creatures. A disturbance in percentage of any
constituent of the environment beyond certain limits disturbs the natural
balance and any change in the natural balance causes lots of problems to
the living creatures in the universe. Different constituents of the
environment exist with set relationships with one another. The relation of
a human being with the environment is very natural as he cannot live
without it. From the very beginning of creation, he wants to know about it
for self-protection and benefit. The Vedic sages felt the greatness of
these forces.
They adored these activities. They appreciated these forces.
They worshiped
and prayed to them due to regard, surprise and fear. They realized
instinctively that action, movement, creation, change and destruction in
nature are the results of forces beyond men’s control. And thus, they
attributed divinity to nature.
(1 ) Divinity to Nature: Rigvedic hymns could be divided into many parts,
but their main part belongs to Natural hymns, the hymns related with
natural forces. Yet Vedic gods are explained in different ways by the
scholars of India and the West, but speaking generally, the hymns addressed
to deities (Devata) are under the influence of the most impressive
phenomenon of nature and its aspects. The word Devata means divine, dignity
which is right, strong, donor, and powerful. In these hymns we find prayers
for certain natural elements such as air, water, earth, sun, rain, dawn
etc. The glorious brightness of the sun, the blaze of the sacrificial fire,
the sweep of the rain-storm across the skies, the recurrence of the dawn,
the steady currents of the winds, the violence of the tropical storm and
other such natural energies, fundamental activities or aspects are
glorified and personified as divinities (Devata). The interaction with
nature resulted in appreciation and prayer but, indeed, after a good deal of
observation. Attributes assigned to deities fit in their natural forms and
activities, as Soma is green, fire is bright, air is fast moving and sun is
dispenser of darkness. The characteristics of these forces described in the
verses prove that Vedic seers were masters of natural science.
In Vedic view, this world consists of Agni i.e., fire or heat and Soma
i.e. water.Sun (Surya) is the soul of all which is moving and also of which
is not moving. Indra is the most powerful god who kills Vritra, the symbol
of cloud to free waters. Vritra means one who covers and is derived from
the root vri, to cover. R.R.M. Roy opines that the main force of expansion
in the Vedic cosmology is Indra, and his chief adversary, the main
force of contraction,
is Vritra. Maruts are Indra’s associates. Vedic seers pray boldly to these
natural forces and aspects for bestowing plenty and prosperity on them.
Aditi is praised as Devamata, the mother of all natural energies and
she symbolizes
the Nature. A famous geologist S.R.N. Murthy has written on the earth sciences
in the Vedas. He somehow has a different opinion about Vedic gods and hence
states, ‘the natural geological aspects have been described as Indra, Agni,
Vayu, Varun, Usas etc.
(2) Cosmic Order ‘Rita’ and Varuna: In the Vedas, the order of the
Universe is called ‘Rita.’ Rita reduces chaos to the cosmos, and gives
order and integration to matter. It also gives symmetry and harmony in the
environment. Hence the conception of Rita, has an aesthetic content too; it
implies splendour and beauty. It is for this reason that the Vedic gods,
upholding Rita, are all lawful, and beautiful and good. Their beauty is a
significance attribute. Rita is defined variously by scholars in different
Vedic contexts, but in general sense it has been elaborated as great
‘cosmic order’ which is the cause of all motion and existence, and keeps
world in order. No one can ignore it, even gods are abided by the ‘Rita’
and they are born of Rita. It is controlling and sustaining power. It
sustains sun in the sky. Rita as Universal Law governs everything in the
cosmos. The whole of the manifested universe is working under Rita. S.R.N.
Murthy assumes it as a law of gravitation in simple form. According to
H.W.Wallis ‘The principle of the order of the world, of the regularity of
cosmic phenomena, was conceived by the Rishis to have existed as a principle
before the manifestation of any phenomena. The phenomena of the world are
shifting and changeable, but the principle regulating the periodical
recurrence of phenomena is constant; fresh phenomena are continually
reproduced, but the principle of order remains the same; the principle,
therefore, existed already when the earliest phenomena appeared.’ K
Rajaram IRS 41123
---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: 'gopala krishnan' via Thatha_Patty <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 4 Nov 2023 at 09:31
Subject: Re: [KeralaIyers] Nature worship
To: 'N Sekar' via KeralaIyers <[email protected]>, Iyer <
[email protected]>, Patty Thatha <[email protected]>
Very correct Mr Sekar. We worship nature which makes our living possible.
Gopalakrishnan
On Saturday, 4 November, 2023 at 08:31:30 am IST, 'N Sekar' via KeralaIyers
<[email protected]> wrote:
I just remembered (how I forgot?) That we in T N celebrate (I know various
states celebrate these festivals under different names but the purpose is
the same).
Pongal - to thank the Sun God, fields and the Pancha Poothangal ( neer,
nilam, neruppu, katru and Akayam)
which make our existence possible.
Mattu Pongal - where we thank the cows, buffaloes, bulls etc which help us
in various ways.
AYUDHA POOJA - where we worship the tools of trade which give us our
livelihood.
We worship our books that enable us to acquire knowledge.
We should feel proud we belong to this rich culture which has few
parallels.
N Sekar
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On Sat, Nov 4, 2023 at 7:23 AM, 'N Sekar' via KeralaIyers
<[email protected]> wrote:
I got a response in my personal mail id from another member and he rightly
points out:
"Bharatanatyam dancers ( my comment - may be all artistists in my opinion)
touch the stage with reverence before they enter it to perform".
" Modi prostrated to the Parliament building in 2014 before he stepped in".
While reading the above I thought how i forgot to mention our own
Grahapravesam where we prostrate before the newly built house which will
become our home, praying for its blessings.
Our culture is so rich we respect all - animate and inanimate as we believe
all have lives of their own.
I remember my mother putting kumkumam to the new dress, placing them in the
Pooja area ( there was no separate room) and asking us to prostrate before
them before we wear them for the first time.
But those were the days where we got a new dress only for Deepavali and
perhaps the birthdays, a rarity to be cherished and remembered.
What a rich, noble culture is ours but instead of taking pride in it, it is
fashionable now a days to ridicule them, without an iota of understanding
the meaning behind these acts.
At least some of us have, as elders, failed in our duty to keep the younger
generation informed about these gestures and why we do them. We can't let
this rich legacy of ours be forgotten or given up - they are too valuable.
N Sekar
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On Fri, Nov 3, 2023 at 7:09 PM, 'N Sekar' via KeralaIyers
<[email protected]> wrote:
Thanks Sri G K.
Yes I am responding to your post after about a month as we were visiting
various temples, having our base at Kumbakonam. Also, the Internet
connectivity was not all that good at times.
We returned to Chennai about 3 days back and will stay for about 2 weeks.
Nice to read about Tulasi Matam - in the olden days every house had one and
doing Sandhya Vandanam sitting near it was considered very auspicious as
also doing it near rivers and goshalaas.
Regarding feeding the cows with biscuits, I learnt about it a few years ago
when we were at Rameshwaram and the shop keeper suggested we feed the cows
with Marie biscuits as too many people were feeding them with bananas. To
our surprise they seemed to relish eating biscuits.
In Kumbakonam Adi Kumbeswarar temple the elephant ate apples and at
Uppliappan koil it ate seedless dates. The vendors gave extra qty free when
they learnt it was for the elephants. Nice of them.
N Sekar
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On Fri, Nov 3, 2023 at 6:46 PM, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123
<[email protected]> wrote:
Dear Mr Sekar,
Thank you for the response with your experience , surely after a month, I
think. Certain things are actually inborn by birth. One such is worshiping
holy basil.
Unless the basil location is well kept, no light is kept near it in the
evening sandhya, watered, my mind is disturbed. Where ever basil grow, we
grow it. In fact there are more well growing plants in the compound than in
Tulsimatam in my home.
Similarly the cows after grace in the front grown grass and rest in front
of the home.
As a matter of fact crows craw early morning and some sit on compound wall
waiting for biscuit. They never move while I offer biscuit pieces as if
very familiar to me. Probably crows recognize me than I could
Gopalakrishnan
On Friday, 3 November, 2023 at 05:46:33 pm IST, Narayanaswamy Sekar <
[email protected]> wrote:
---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: *'N Sekar' via iyer123* <[email protected]>
Date: Fri, Nov 3, 2023, 5:45 PM
Subject: Re: [iyer123] CULTURAL QA 11-2023-03
To: <[email protected]>, Kerala Iyer <[email protected]>,
Rangarajan T.N.C. <[email protected]>, Chittanandam V. R. <
[email protected]>, Mathangi K. Kumar <[email protected]>,
Yeddanapudi Markandeyulu <[email protected]>
Thanks Sri G K.
Re Q 1: Several years ago my boss, of British and S A origin asked me why
we worship rivers and trees. He was really curious and used to ask me lot
about our religion.
I said the environmental concern was only a few decades old but we Hindus
knew its importance thousands of years ago.
Anything we worship, we treat it with respect, take care and do not harm.
Hence by inculcating the habit of worshipping Nature we automatically
preserve and protect it with no one telling us what to do or teaching us
about the importance of environment but it was ingrained in our culture
from our childhood. We considered rivers sacred and hence made sure they
remained pure and clean but that was another time and age.
Worshipping Nature is ingrained in our culture and as the answer in Quora
said, we show our reverence and gratitude to Mother Nature.
As an aside, have you seen how some players touch the field before they
enter it? - to show respect and reverence and ask for its blessings as
that's where they will play and earn their livelihood.
Protecting Nature - That's why Sri K M Munishi started the Vana Mahotsav -
to protect and nurture the trees and Nature. He is forgotten as also the
Vana Mahotsav as it was given a religious colour.
We are hurtling towards disaster - man made - which Sri Y M refers to
repeatedly in his posts.
N Sekar
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On Fri, Nov 3, 2023 at 3:07 PM, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123
<[email protected]> wrote:
*CULTURAL QA 11-2023-03*
*All the BELOW QA are from Quora DIGEST to me on 03-11-2023.*
*QUORA ANSWERS NEED NOT BE 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.*
*Compiled and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 80, on 03-11-2023.*
*Q1 Today my boss asked me, do people worship a monkey in India?
What could have been my best response?*
*A1 Mukund Arya, Follower of a Mystic Religion called Hinduism
Updated 6y*
*Tell your Boss, we don't just worship a Monkey......*
*or a "Cow": or an Elephant: or a Dog: or a Snake: or a Bird
(Garuda): or a Fish(God Matsya):*
*or Even trees, Tulsi (Basil): or a River (Ganges): or Sun: or
Mother Earth:*
*or Various form of Humans, Man with normal two hands, one head and two
eyes (Lord Krishna):*
*or a Man with 4 Hands (Lord Vishnu, the Maintainer):*
*or a Man with three eyes (Lord Shiva, the Destroyer):*
*or a Man with 4 heads (Lord Brahma, the creator):*
*or a "Lady" with 10 hands (Goddess Shakti):*
*but we worship every forms of nature, Air (Vayu), Water(Lord Varuna),
Rain(Lord Indra), Food (Goddess Annapurna) etc. that made our ecosystem
livable for humans.*
*Basically Sir, We worship everything that keeps you alive.*
*Q2 What level of atmosphere do planes fly in? What is the highest
altitude a plane can fly?*
*A2 Rebecca Williams, Experience in Aviation Tue*
*The atmosphere is divided into five layers: the troposphere, the
stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The
troposphere is the lowest layer, where most of the weather occurs and where
we live.*
*The stratosphere is the second layer, where the ozone layer protects us
from harmful ultraviolet radiation. *
*The mesosphere is the third layer, where meteors burn up as they enter the
atmosphere. *
*The thermosphere is the fourth layer, where auroras and satellites occur.*
* The exosphere is the fifth and outermost layer, where the atmosphere
gradually fades into space.*
*Most commercial planes fly in the lower part of the stratosphere, between
30,000 and 40,000 feet (9,000 and 12,000 meters). *
*This is because flying at higher altitudes reduces air resistance and fuel
consumption, as well as avoiding turbulence and bad weather in the
troposphere.*
* However, there are limits to how high planes can fly, depending on their
design and performance.*
*The highest altitude that a commercial plane can fly today is 45,000 feet
(13,700 meters), which is achieved by some private jets and military
aircraft. This was not always the case. *
*In the past, some planes could fly higher than that. For example,
Concorde, the supersonic passenger jet that was retired in 2003, had a
cruising altitude of 60,000 feet (18,300 meters). And some military planes
could fly even higher than that. For example, the SR-71 Blackbird, a
reconnaissance plane that was retired in 1998, had a record altitude of
85,069 feet (25,929 meters).*
*These planes used special engines and materials to withstand the extreme
conditions at such high altitudes. *
*Most planes today use jet engines that require oxygen to burn fuel. At
higher altitudes, the air becomes too thin and cold for jet engines to work
efficiently. Also, the air pressure drops significantly at higher
altitudes, which puts more stress on the plane’s structure and cabin
pressure. *
*Most planes today are designed to fly at optimal altitudes in the
stratosphere.*
*My note- The QA is added for the information in addition to height the
planes can fly, about the different layers above earth. *
*Q3 If an elephant’s brain is bigger than ours, why are they not
smarter?*
*A3 Gary Meaney, author of Zoology's Greatest Mystery (2022)13h*
*This is a good question, because the answer teaches us a lot about the
nature of intelligence itself. The average human brain weighs about a
kilogram and a half, which is remarkably small really. The sum of all
consciousness is housed within that little scoop of nervous tissue. On the
other hand, within the cranium of an African bush elephant sits a brain
well over twice the size of ours.*
*It’s clear that there’s more to intelligence than just brain size. The
baleen whales of the oceans have brains weighing 7 kilograms, well over
quadruple the mass of ours. However, their behaviour is much less complex
and sophisticated than that of humans, or indeed of elephants. Baleen
whales aren’t stupid - their songs are a rich and advanced form of
communication, and they’ve been known to display altruism - but their
intelligence definitely isn’t proportional to their massive brain size.*
*This is of course because their brains are tiny relative to their bodies.
A blue whale’s brain makes up as little as 0.005% of its total body mass!
Our brains, by comparison, are about 2.5% of our bodyweight. So is
brain-to-body mass ratio the true decider of intellect? It’s certainly a
better metric to compare between animals, but still one which is deeply
flawed.*
*It turns out that, all else being equal, brain mass does not scale
linearly with body mass. After all, there is a minimum number of neurons an
animal needs to function, a concept known as the “grey floor”. Smaller
animals tend to have much higher brain-to-body mass ratios, without
necessarily seeming any more intelligent. A humble shrew, for example, has
a brain which constitutes one tenth of the size of its body! If the metric
were reliable, the shrew would be taming us!*
*While we’re on the topic, I should mention that the species with the
lowest brain-to-body mass ratio of all vertebrates on this Earth is the
magnificently named bony-eared assfish. Brains consume huge amounts of
precious energy, so in the incredibly barren environment of the deep sea,
the bony-eared assfish has done away with most of its grey matter.*
*For a fish with such an unflattering name, it is hauntingly beautiful!*
*Anyway, it’s clear that raw brain-to-body mass ratio is far from a perfect
measure of intelligence; it is too harsh on big animals, and too kind to
small animals. Scientists have studied the relative brain sizes of mammals,
and come up with a formula that adjusts for this problem. Applying this
formula gives a new, more refined metric: encephalisation quotient, or EQ
for short.*
*In other words, EQ is the ratio of actual brain size to predicted brain
size. When we compare different animals’ EQ values, the results line up a
lot more with what we would expect, intelligence-wise. Humans have the
highest score of any animal, at about 7.6. The tucuxi, a very interesting
type of freshwater dolphin from the rivers of South America, takes second
place. It measures only 1.5 metres in length, and has a bright pink
underbelly!*
*Manta rays have one of the highest EQs among fish, octopuses triumph among
invertebrates, and corvids outperform their feathered friends. These
results are all exactly what we would predict based on behavioural signs of
intelligence. So, is encephalisation quotient really the answer? Probably
not. Once again, this method seems to fall short of being perfect.*
*On average, birds have much lower EQs than mammals, but there is ample
evidence to suggest that birds are incredibly smart. In fact, all the
dinosaurs, not just birds, have surprisingly low encephalisation values. If
estimated EQ is to be believed, Tyrannosaurus rex was less intelligent than
a slug. Believe it or not, the sauropod dinosaurs have the lowest score of
any animal in history ever measured, at as low as 0.01!*
*There are several likely reasons for this. The formula for encephalisation
quotient was based only on data from mammalian species, so in general it
probably shouldn’t be used to compare mammals to non-mammals. Bird/dinosaur
cells are much smaller than mammalian cells. For its size, a typical avian
brain has twice as many neurons as a standard mammal brain!*
*Raw brain size, brain-to-body mass ratio, EQ… all these metrics share a
fundamental problem: they’re all based on overall brain mass in some way,
and there’s a lot of stuff inside brains that has nothing to do with
intelligence. For example, a large portion of whales’ and dolphins’ brain
mass is just insulating blubber! There are all kinds of factors like this
that really muddy the waters. Perhaps it’s better to just focus on the part
of the brain that actually does the thinking.*
*The cerebral cortex is thought to be the seat of intelligence in mammals.
This grooved and convoluted outer layer of tissue is responsible for
processing our senses, finely controlling our movement, abstract thought,
and much more. Non-mammal animals don’t have a cerebral cortex per se, but
they always have an equivalent brain region - for example, birds have their
dorsoventricular ridge, or DVR.*
*So far, the single best predictor of intelligence we have found is the
number of cortical neurons; that is, the total number of nerve cells within
the cerebral cortex (or equivalent area). Humans have at least 16 billion,
which is exceptional! Elephants, despite having a brain twice as large,
have about a third as many cortical neurons. However, the real world
champion is the orca, believe it or not, with an absolutely astonishing 43
billion cortical neurons!*
*In fact, by this measure, humans sit at humble fifth place. There are four
species of dolphins with more cortical neurons, the most of all belonging
to the orca. Some might be quick to discredit this method as soon as they
hear that it doesn’t put humans on top, and I would encourage those people
to keep an open mind. If we’re so, so sure that orcas are less smart than
us, perhaps we’re looking at intelligence in the wrong way.*
*But that’s a more philosophical discussion for another answer. Anyway, for
centuries, humans have been trying to put a number on intelligence, to find
some way to quantify it. None of the metrics we’ve come up with are
perfect, but for now, the best we have is the number of cortical neurons.
It doubtless has its discrepancies, but overall it seems to be an extremely
useful way of comparing animal acumen.*
*So, going back to your question, if an elephant’s brain is bigger than
ours, why isn’t it smarter? Because the size of a brain, as we’ve seen, has
little to do with intelligence. Apologies if this answer was long-winded,
though I think we visited some interesting places on our journey through
animal minds! Thank you everyone for reading, I hope you enjoyed, and have
a great day.*
*My note- Not touched item above is parrots- how they talk. I read
elsewhere they share same type of chromosomes like humans in the brain,
enabling them to talk.*
*Q4 Why are cars not made of aluminium; considering it is readily
available, rust-proof, and lighter than steel?*
*A4 Erika Fernandez, Car Lover Jul 9*
*Cars are not made of aluminium for several reasons, despite its advantages
of being readily available, rust-proof, and lighter than steel. Aluminium
is more expensive than steel, both in terms of material and processing
costs. Aluminium requires more energy and specialized equipment to produce,
shape, and join than steel, which increases the manufacturing costs and the
final price of the car. According to some estimates, aluminium can cost two
to three times more per kilogram than steel.*
*Aluminium is weaker than steel, both in terms of tensile strength and
stiffness. Aluminium has a lower resistance to deformation and fracture
than steel, which affects the safety and durability of the car. *
*Aluminium also has a lower fatigue limit than steel, which means it can
fail after repeated loading and unloading cycles. To compensate for its
lower strength, aluminium needs to be thicker or reinforced with other
materials, which reduces its weight advantage over steel.*
*Also aluminium is less compatible than steel with other materials and
components used in cars, such as plastics, rubber, glass, or electronics.
Aluminium has a higher thermal expansion coefficient than steel, which
means it expands and contracts more with temperature changes, causing
stress and distortion in the car structure. Aluminium also has a higher
electrical conductivity than steel, which can interfere with the electrical
systems and cause corrosion or galvanic reactions.*
*Q5 What are some of the best examples of humanity?*
*A5 Divya Yadav,May 6*
*Meet Babu Muddrappa, the 29 year old auto driver from Bengaluru.*
*On his way home Babu found a pregnant woman in labour and crying for help
on Whitefield road.*
*He took that unknown pregnant woman to the hospital for delivery. The
woman was in a lot of pain so he just filled up the admission forms with
his details.*
*Babu waited till the woman gave birth to a baby girl. But the baby was 2
months premature, weighing just 850 grams and suffered from severe
breathing problems.*
*He was asked to run the infant to Bowring Hospital for treatment and so he
did.*
*However, when he came back to the hospital, he found out that the woman
had fled.*
*Babu felt bad for the newborn and decided to adopt the girl and raise her
as his own child. He even took care of the hospital bills.*
*He took care of the food and medicines and he did everything that was
required to keep the baby girl healthy. But as events turned, her health
deteriorated and the baby died after 18 days in the hospital.*
*The auto drivers in India, especially in the metropolitan cities, are
infamous for charging absurd amount of money and most importantly, refusing
a ride.*
*However, even amidst their notoriety, there exist drivers like Babu
Muddrappa who set an example of striking a balance between one’s duty and
humanity.*
*People like him make the world a better place to live in!*
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