Homa Prakriyas PART 4 KR IRS 18624 19624
XX Ashvalaayana Vaishvadeva Vidhi (vidhi vidhanam rules/puja)
Ashvalaayanas perform Vaishvadeva with the Sankalpa:
Mama atmaanna samskaara pancha soonaa janita dosha parihaara dwaara
Parmeshwara preetyartham Praataraishva devam Saayam Vaishvadevam cha sahata
mtrena karishye/
(I shall perform the morning and evening Vaishvadeva to gratify
Paramatma to offset the blemishes arising out of Anna Samskara and
Panchasoona vidhis. Then prepare ‘Paakaanna’ in pot by lighting up
Pachaagni named Paavaka and on reciting Chatvaari Shringaa and after
Prokshana with water all around the ‘Agni Kunda’ saying Vishvaaninah, mix
up with ghee and curd and make three parts, offer with right hand one part
for Devata Homa uttering
Suryaaya swaaha, Suryaayedam namama,
Prajapataye,
Somaaya,
Vanaspataye,
Agnishomaabhyaam,
Indraagnibhyaam,
Dyaavaa Prithivi -bhyaam, Dhanvantaraye Indraaya, Vishvepa- Devebhyah
Brahmaney; these are ten ‘Prataravaishwa Devaahutis’.
Like wise the ‘Saayam Vaishva -Deveeyaas’ of Agnaye swaahaa,
Prajaapataye etc. are done.
Thus twenty Aahutis are offered to Agni deva and perform ‘Parisha
-muhana’ around the Homa Kunda with water by way of Sparsha and
‘Paryukshana’ by way of prokshana saying Om chamey.
Then the ‘Upasthyaana Karya’ or terminal task be done. This is the
procedure of Deva Yagna.
Bali Harana: Out of the remainder ‘Anna Bhaga’, a
portion be kept on clean Bhumi around the Homa Kunda and offer to Agni
uttering
Suryaaya swaahaa Suryaaya idam namah; in this fashion, there should be
sixteen Ahutis from the portions kept on the East side with space in
between and utter:
Adbhya swaaha, Oshadhi vanaspatibhyah, Gruhaabhyah, Griha
Devataabhyaha, Vaastu Devataabhyaha/
Then continue the Ahutis from the Eastern side as follows:
Indraaya and to the North direction Indrapurushebhyah; to Yama
purushebhyah towards Sky on the Southern side; Varuna Purushebhyah to the
Eastern side; Soma Purushebhyah on northern side; and Brahmaney, Brahma
Purushebyah, VishwebhyhoDevebhyah Sarvebhyo Devebhyah, Divaachaa
–ribhyah/Like wise Saayamkaala Vaishva Deva Bali harana too be performed.
Bhuta Yagna: The third part of the Anna Bhaga is offered
with ‘Praacheenaa
veeti’ addressed to Yama uttering Swadhaa Pitrubhyah and on the Southern
side Pitrubya idam namah to Pitru Devatas. Some persons perform Bali
Harana in a circular manner;
Balaavanudhrutey naadyaannodhareccha Swayam Bali/
(Before the Bali daana none in the family should consume food , nor
one should perform Bali by him self).
Pitru Yagna: After the Bali daana, the Karta should have the
homefront done up with Jala Prokshana and offer the Pitru Pindas in
different directions to enable crows to eat the same:
Aindra Vaaruna Vaayavyaa Yaamyai Nairrutikaaschaye, tey Kaakaah
pratigruhnantu Bhumyaam pindam mayojjitham/
(May the Pindas kept on Bhumi in Indra-Yama-Nirruti-Varuna-Vayu
Dishas be consumed away by crows by way of the remainders of the Pitru
Yagnaanna).
Further there are two ‘Shunakas’ or dogs in the abode of Lord Yama
named ‘Shyama Shabalaas’and I offer them these Pindas with the
supplication to them to safeguard us in our paths! Having done this, the
Karta should wash his feet, perform Aachamana and having recited Shaantaa
Prithivi and Vishnu Smarana and enter his house. Manushya Yagna: The Karta
should apportion one ‘Atithi bhojana’or sixteen or at least four fistfuls
of Anna reciting:
Sanakaadi Manushyobhoy hanteydam na mama/
This might be given away to mendicants.
Bhinna Paaka Vaishvadeva on Shraddha Dinaas as per
Taittireeyaas:
On Shradda Dinaas, Taittiriyas observe a separate cooking on
account of Vaishvadeva. Deva Yagna included there would then be Five
Yagnas viz. Deva-Pitru-Bhuta-Manushya and Vaishvadeva.
Both Yajurvedis and Saama vedis perform Vaishvadeva before the others,
Atharva Vedis perform during the course of the Pitru Shraddha while
Bruhvachas or
Rigvedis perform at the Shraddha sesha. Ahitaagnis perform
Vaishvadeva at the beginning itself on the Shraddha Dina.
The Taittireeyas make the Sankalpa:
Swarga Pushtyarthamaatma samskaaraartham Praatassayam Vaishva Devam
tantrena karishye/
Then Aoupasaagni/Pachanaagni Pratishtha is done, Parisamuhana
Parishechana is followed, Anna after ‘Dadhishrayana’ is completed,
‘Abhikaara’ with ghee is performed and after Agni Puja the Anna is made
three parts and handed to Agni reciting:
Agnaye swaahaa, Vishvebhoy Devebhya sswaaha, Dhruvaaya bhumaayam
Swaahaa, Dhruvaksitaye swaha, Akshitaksitaye swaaha, Agnaye swishta
-krutaye swahaa/ After this, Parisamuhana and Paryukshana are done, perform
Bali daana either by Vyajanaakaara or Chakraakaara. In this connection,
Devaahutis are done: Dharmaaya swaahaa, Dharmaayedam, Adharmaaya, Adbhyaha,
Oshadhivanaspatatibhyah, Raksho Deva janebhyaha, Gruhaabhyah,
Avasaanebhyaha, Avasaana patibhyaha, Sarva bhutebhyah, Kaamaaya, Antarik
-shaaya, Yadey jati jagatiyacchacheshtati naamno bhaageyannaamney swaha
Naamna idam (some persons say Vaayava idam/)
Thus there would be Samuha Parishachana to all:
Prithivyai swaha, Antarikshaye swaha, Divey swaha, Suryaya
swaha, Chandramasey swaha, Nakshatrebhyah swaha, Indraya swaha,
Brihaspateye swaha, Prajapataye swaha, Brahmaney swaha/
In case, parishechana is to be done individually, then Dwaavekam
dvyecha chatwaari pratyekatreenichaivahi, Prithivyaadi dashaswekaata
Urthwam prathakramaat/ ie. one parishechana to the first two and so on.
Then by taking to ‘Praacheenaaveeti’ then turning to South perform as
Swadhaa pitrubhya swaaha and being ‘Uttaromukha’ Namo Rudraaya Pashupataye
swaaha separately. This is Vaishvadeva Vidhana all about.
Deva Yagna Chatushtaya: To recount, there are four kinds
beginning with Deva Yagna. This is commenced with the Sankalpa: Deva
yagnena yakshye and then Agni parisheyana with Devebhya -sswaaha
concluding with Uttara Parishena. In ‘prachinaveeti’ Pitru Yagna ‘ sankalpa
‘ be done with Yagnena yakshye and on South side of Bhumi recite:
Pitrubhya sswadhastu/ Then in Upaveeti position touch water and make
the Sankalpa: Bhuta yagnena yakshye and Bhutebhyo namah/ and keep the
Havishaanna on the ground.
Another part of the Anna is offered as Manushya Yagna with the Mantra
Manushebhoy hanta. In all the Yagnas, the terminal Mantra would be
Vidyudasi vishtirasi/ Earlier in the Pitru Yagna the remainder of Bali
Anna should be thrown up to the Sky from thebackyard of the Karta’s house
saying Ye Bhutaah pracgharanti/ There after some Anna is provided to dogs
and crows too as per one’s own tradition.
XXI Kaatyana vidhana of Deva Yagnaadi:
To Kakatitya Saagnikas on a Shraddha day, Vaishvadeva is the first of
the Paaka Karya and not the last.The Kartha transfers a burning wood from
the Agni Griha meant for the Shraaddha to Grihaagni and a portion of the
Anna Paaka so cooked in it is soaked with ghee and makes the Sankalpa:
Atmaanna samskaaraartham Vaishwa devam karishye/ or Devabhuta pitru
Manushya Yagnaan Vaishwa devaannena yakshye/
Then Jala Prokshana is done around Grihaagni and with his hand a
portion of the Anna is offered to it stating Brahmaney swwaahaa idam
Brahmane na mama; Prajaapataye grihyaabhyah Kashyapaaa, Anumataye and
conclude the Deva Yagna. This would be followed by two Bali daanaas stating
Dhatrey , Vidhatrey, make a square with water and offer Bali Anna to four
Dishas and in the center state:
Brahmaney, Antarikshaaya, Suryaya in the ‘Praksamstha’ and to the
‘Uttara’ direction recite Ushasey Bhutaanaam pataye/
This is method of Kakatiya’s Bhuta Yagna. Thereafter, the Karta
would assume Pracheenaaveeti and offer Pirtru Tirtha through the thumb and
fingers stating Pitrubhyassvadhaanama idam Pitrubhyo na mama; this is the
Kaakatiya way of Pitru Yagna. After cleaning up the vessel with water and
in Savya position the Karta would offer this water stating Yakshmaitatthey
nirneyjanam and drop the water; this is the Manushya Yagna vidhaana. In the
event of the Kartha not possessing Grihagni, then he could carry one Agni
Kaashta from Lokagni, install it saying Prushthodivi and other Saavitra
Mantras viz.Tatsavituh taag savituh; Vishvaani devaa. He would then observe
Nityopaasana Homa and prepare Anna Paaka to offer to Vaishvedeva. Katyaanas
perform Vaishva Deva only in the day but not in the evenings. Saama
Vedis and Atharva Vedis perform Pancha Yagnas only in their Grihagnis only.
Bahvruchas or Rig Vedis perform Pancha Yagnas on the same analogy of
Upanayana Vivahaas ie by depending on Lokaagnis in case Grihagni is
unavailable.
Sarva Saadhaarana Bhojana Vidhi: The best way of taking
Bhojana is to use a golden or silvered plate failing which a plate of
stitched mango leaves. If it is a brass or bronze or any other metal
plates, then they would be of restrictive usage to a specific person only.
Then,
Taamboolaabhyanjanam chaiva Kaamsya paatrey cha bhojanam, Yatischa
Brahma chaari cha vidhavaa cha vivarjatet/
(Sanyaasis, Brahmachaaris and widows are forbidden to take oil baths,
betel leaves and Kamsya Patra bhojana. Kadali Kutaja Madhu JambuPanasaamra
champakodumbara patraani shastaani/ Banana leaves, or of Kutaja, Mahuva,
Jaambu , Panasa, Mango, Champaka or Aoudumbara leaves are recommended to
take bhojana.
But Arka, Ashvattha or Peepul, and Vata vriksha leaves are
forbidden as ‘Bhojana Patraas’. The Kartha should first perform Pancha
Yagnas, pick up the ‘seshaghritanna’ from the Bhojana Paatra, serve it with
his right hand wearing a knotless pavitra,
stating Om Bhur -bhuvasswaha tat savitur varenyam bhargo Devasya
dheemahi, does the ‘abhimantrana’ and Satyamtwartena parishimchaami/
(in the nights Rutamtwa satyena parishimchami); after doing the
‘parishena’, state
Antascharati bhuteshu guhaayaam Vishwato mukhah, Twam yagnastwam
vashatkaarastwam Vishnuh Purusha parah/ , offer three Balis uttering
Bhupataye namah, Bhuvana pataye namah, Bhutaanaam pataye namah/ or
Chitraaya, Chitra guptaaya,Yamaaya, Yama Dharmaauya, Sarva Bhutebhyah as
the fourth Bali; ensure that his hands, feet and face are wet, take water
in hand for ‘Aouposshana’ stating
Annam Brahma Raso Vishnuh, Aham Vaishvaanaro bhutwa/;
drink the water uttering Amritopastaranamasi, keep silent for a while
to perform five Aahutis to the face / mouth picking up five morsels of food
with all the fingers stating:
Om Pranaaya swaaha,Om Apanaaya swaha, Om Vyanaaya swaha, Om Udaanaaya
swaha, Om Samaanaaya swaaha and the sixth word Om Brahmaney swaaha/ The
Karta should not touch the Jala Patra till the ‘praanaahutis’ are over and
then touch it and while observing silence commence eating the Bhojana. It
is the best facing the East or West while eating; seating southward
provides fulfillment and fame; facing North is of medium value; but one
should never eat facing in the ‘Vidishas’.
After the Bhojana the Karta drinks half mouthful of water and
with the rest of it in hand encircles the plate in reverse direction
stating Amritaabhidhaanamasi/ ; drops the Pavitra on the ground, remembers
the IshtaDevata, does ‘mukha marjana’ sixteen times and finally two
Achamanas outside the Bhojanma Griha. Without doing Achamana, one should
not go for ablutions. One should not have his bhojana without serving the
old members of the family and also to young children. One should not drink
water from his or her ‘Anjali’ or folded palms. Excepting at the time of
Vivaha, the Karta and his wife are not to take food together. Food
consumption should not be done seated with extended legs. Never eat in a
‘Pankti’ or line in which known bad characters. Never resort to eating in
an empty house or Agni Griha or a Temple’s interior. Never eat in the
Sandhya times or midnight or without wearing ‘yagnopa -veeta’or with left
hand.
While eating, the order of eats should be sweets first,
savouries in the middle and liquids in between hard and fried items.
Sarvam sasesha mashnee yaannissesham Ghritapaayasam/
ie. Ghrita Paayasa shoud be consumed in full without leaving even small
quantity. Milk, Curd and Honey must be consumed daily. Such items are to be
consumed only at lunch or dinner but not in between.
Arkaparva dwaye raatrou Chaturdashyashta- meedivaa,
Ekadashyamahoraatram bhuktwaa chandraayanam charet/
(One should not take food on the nights of Sundays and
‘Purnimaavaasyaas’ as also during the day time on Chaturdashi and Ashtami;
on Ekadashis however one should observe full fasting by day and night too).
Yastu paani taley bhunktey yascha phukkaara samyutam, Prasrutaanguli
-bhiryaschatasya go maamsavachaata/
(One should not eat food by picking it up by hand or straight from
the storage vesselor while doing ‘phootkaara’ or with streched fingers;
such eating is considered as that of cow meat).
Naajeerney bhojanam krutwaatkuryaannaati bubhukshitah,
naardraavaasaa naardra shiraa napaadaa ropitey -karey/
(Never eat while in indigestion, nor without hunger, never too with
wet clothes nor wet head; never also eat while keeping hand on the feet.
Nocchishto ghritamaada -yyaanna padaa bhajanam sprushet/
(Do not pick up Ghritha Patra oneself while in the process of eating,
nor move the Bhojana Patraas by feet).
Do not perform ‘Auoposhana’ in a Pankti while other Brahmanas are still
eating; whosoever either does so or leaves away ignoring others still
eating is forbidden since the one who leaves and another who continues to
eat are both blemishable.
Lavanam vyanjanmam chaibva Ghritam Tailam tathaivacha, Lehyam peyam
cha vividham hastadattam na bhakshayet/
( One should not serve by one’s hand items such as Salt, Pickles,
Ghee, Oils, Liquids nor one should accept and consume the same).
Taamrey gavyam Kaamsey Naarikelekshu rasou sagudam daandha saguda
maadrakam cha Madyasamam/
(Cow milk served in copper vessels and Sugarcane juice in bronze
vessels, jaggery mixed curd or jaggery mixed ‘Adrak’ or ginger are worse
than Madya or intoxicants.
Udakyaamapi chaandaalam shwaanam kukkutamevacha, Bhujaano yadi
pashyeta tadannantu parityajet/
( While taking the food, if one comes across a woman in menses, a
chandala,a dog, or a hen, the rest of the meal must be discontinued.)
Like wise, food material touched by crows or othe birds, cat,
dogs or other animals should be discarded. Food cooked with hairs, ants,
flies etc. should be discarded too. Normally food cooked on the previous
day should not be recycled but the carry forward fried food, curd or its
layers are consumable on the next day. Milk of camels, sheep or other
forest animals is forbidden for consumption. Eating Onions and Lassan calls
for Chandrayana Vrata Prayaschitta. The left-over food should be given away
to negligible Praanis saying
Rouravey puya nilaye Padmaarbuda nivaasinaam, Praaninaam sarva
bhutaanaamakshayya mupatishtthatu/ Also Aachantopya shuchistaavadyaavat
paatra manuddhrutam, Uddhrutepya shuchistaavannomrujjutey Mahi/
( It is stated that till such time ‘Shuddaachamana’ is done, Bhojana
Paatraas are removed for cleaning and Bhumi is cleaned up with cow dung
water, the ‘Karya krama’ of Bhojana is not stated to have concluded
finally). Parnasya -agraan cha moolamcha siraamchaiva viseshatah, Churna
parnam varjyayitwaa taambulam khadayedbudhah/ (While eating the Tamboola
or betel leaves as the finale of the Bhojana, the Bhojana Karta is advised
to remove the mid- leaf tenders and consume without ‘churna’ to enable good
digestion of the food consumed.)
Homa Prakriyas PART 4 KR IRS 18624 19624 (completed)
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