CULTURAL QA 01202529 General QA- Base Quora QA- Compiled
Q1 What was life like in British India?
KR: 1 British Jury is absent in the Iyer groups123? Justice rendered
as one liked; and as a few wished?
2 The British jury system is considered unique due to its
long historical development, which resulted in a system where a jury of
ordinary citizens is used to decide the facts of a case in serious criminal
trials, with a strong emphasis on the principle of "trial by peers" where
the jury is drawn from a representative cross-section of the community, and
where majority verdicts are often permitted, unlike some other
jurisdictions that require unanimous decisions.
British jury system that makes it distinct:
Deep historical roots: The British jury system dates back to the medieval
period, with significant influence from Norman law, making it one of the
oldest continuously practiced jury systems in the world.
Majority verdicts allowed: In most cases, a British jury can reach a
verdict with a majority vote, rather than requiring complete unanimity,
which can sometimes lead to faster decisions and prevent deadlock.
Limited juror challenges: Unlike some other systems, the British system
allows for fewer peremptory challenges, meaning lawyers have limited
ability to dismiss potential jurors without providing a specific reason.
Focus on representative community: The jury is drawn from the electoral
register, aiming to reflect a broad cross-section of society.
No compensation assessment by jury: In civil cases, the judge usually
determines the amount of compensation awarded, unlike in some US
jurisdictions where juries decide this.
3 According to historical understanding, the Vedic period
in *India did have a system resembling a jury,* where a group of respected
individuals, often called *"sabhasadas" or councillors*, would advise the
king on legal matters, essentially acting as a jury in decision-making;
therefore, the Vedas did not completely lack a jury system, although it
might not have functioned exactly like a modern jury.
The Vedic "jury":
No direct mention in Vedas:
While the Vedas don't explicitly mention a "jury" in the modern sense, the
concept of a council providing advice on legal matters is present in the
texts.
Role of the "sabhasadas":
These councillors were considered learned individuals who would provide
their opinion on a case, with the king ultimately making the final
decision.
Trial by ordeal also existed:
Alongside the "jury-like" system, the Vedic period also saw the practice of
trial by ordeal as a method of determining guilt or innocence.
4 The Indian Judicial System A Historical Survey By Mr.
Justice S. S. Dhavan High Court, Allahabad
Henry Mayne described the legal system of ancient India "as an
apparatus of cruel absurdities". An Anglo-Indian jurist made the following
remark about what he called "the oriental habits of life" of the Indians
before the British turned up in India: "It (British rule in India) is a
record of experiments made by foreign rulers to govern alien races in a
strange land, to adapt European institutions to Oriental habits of life,
and to make definite laws supreme amongst peoples who bad always associated
government with arbitrary and uncontrolled authority."1 (italicized by me).
Alan Gledhill, a retired member of the Indian Civil Service, wrote that
when the British seized power in India, "there was a dearth of legal
principles."
We must go the original texts to get a true and correct picture
of the legal system of ancient India. The reader will discover from them
that Indian jurisprudence was found on the rule of law; that the King
himself was subject to the law; that arbitrary power was unknown to Indian
political theory and jurisprudence and the kind’s right to govern was
subject to the fulfilment of duties the breach of which resulted in
forfeiture of kingship; that the judges were independent and subject only
to the law; that ancient India had the highest standard of any nation of
antiquity as regards the ability, learning, integrity, impartiality, and
independence of the judiciary, and these standards have not been surpassed
till today ; that the Indian judiciary consisted of a hierarchy of judges
with the Court of the Chief Justice (Praadvivaka) at the top, each higher
Court being invested with the power to review the decision of the Courts
below ; that disputes were decided essentially in accordance with the same
principles of natural justice which govern the judicial process in the
modern State today: that the rules of procedure and evidence were similar
to those followed today ; that supernatural modes of proof like the ordeal
were discourage ; that in criminal trials the accused could not be punished
unless his guilt was proved according to law ; that in civil cases the
trial consisted of four stages like any modern trial – plaint, reply,
hearing and decree ; that such doctrines as res judicata (prang nyaya) were
familiar to Indian jurisprudence ; that all trials, civil or criminal, were
heard by a bench of several judges and rarely by a judge sitting singly ;
that the decrees of all courts except the King were subject to appeal or
review according to fixed principles ; that the fundamental duty of the
Court was to do justice "without favour or fear".
Was there a rule of law in ancient India? Let the texts speak
for themselves. In the Mahabharata, it was laid down " A King who after
having sworn that he shall protect his subjects fails to protect them
should be executed like a mad dog." "The people should execute a king who
does not protect them, but deprives them of their property and assets and
who takes no advice or guidance from anyone. Such a king is not a king but
misfortune." These provisions indicate that sovereignty was based on an
implied social compact and if the King violated the traditional pact, he
forfeited his kingship. Coming to the historical times of Mauryan Empire,
Kautilya describes the duties of a king in the Arth-shastra thus : "In the
happiness of his subjects lies the King’s happiness; in their welfare his
welfare; whatever pleases him he shall not consider as good, but whether
pleases his people he shall consider too good."
According to Brihaspati Smriti, there was a hierarchy of
courts in Ancient India beginning with the family Courts and ending with
the King. The lowest was the family arbitrator. The next higher court was
that of the judge; the next of the Chief Justice who was called
Praadvivaka, or adhyaksha; and at the top was the King’s court. The
jurisdiction of each was determined by the importance of the dispute, the
minor disputes being decided by the lowest court and the most important by
the king. The decision of each higher Court superseded that of the court
below
Says Katyayana: "If the king wants to inflict upon the
litigants (vivadinam) an illegal or unrighteous decision, it is the duty of
the judge (samya) to warn the king and prevent him.” "The judge guiding the
king must give his opinion which he considers to be according to law, if
the king does not listen, the judge at least has done his duty.19 When the
judge realizes that the king has deviated from equity and justice, his duty
is not to please the king for this is no occasion for soft speech
(vaktavyam tat priyam natra); if the judge fails in his duty, he is guilty."
The most noteworthy feature of the judicial system was the
institution of sabhasadas or councillors who acted as assessors or adviser
of the King. They were the equivalent of the modern jury, with one
important difference. The jury of today consists of laymen- "twelve
shopkeepers"-whereas the councillors who sat with the Sovereign were to be
learned in law. Yajanvalkya enjoins: "The Sovereign should appoint as
assessors of his court persons who are well versed in the literature of the
law, truthful, and by temperament capable of complete impartiality between
friend and foe."
Here I end even though the article covers a lot of points. SO
BETTER THINK BEFORE GRANDPA INK. ( The Joke part of it is long ago I wrote
on NYAYA system; but as usual went unlearned; but attracted by The British.
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Q2 What causes neuropathy in the feet?
KR Neuropathy refers to any condition that causes nerve damage
or dysfunction, with symptoms like numbness, tingling, burning sensations,
or pain. It affects peripheral nerves, usually beginning in the hands and
feet. It can happen due to several reasons, including diabetes,
medications, injuries, infections, vitamin deficiencies, and autoimmune
disorders. Early diagnosis is vital since neuropathy can worsen over time.
Treatment generally involves managing symptoms and the underlying causes.
Neuropathy in Ayurveda Perspective
Ayurveda addresses neuropathy, particularly diabetic peripheral neuropathy
(DPN), by tackling symptoms along with managing the root cause. Neuropathy
is often associated with ‘Vata’ and ‘Kapha’ imbalance, especially affecting
the nervous system. A disturbance in the body’s natural energy flow (Vata
dosha) due to obstruction caused by Kapha dosha leads to neuropathy, which
requires both systemic and targeted local treatment. Conditions like DPN
are considered as Prameha Upadrava (diabetic complications), in which
burning sensation and numbness are considered as a sign of nerve
dysfunction and treated accordingly along with managing the root cause,
i.e., diabetes.
Ayurvedic Treatments for Neuropathy
The purpose of Ayurveda treatment for neuropathy is to reduce the symptoms
(such as pain, numbness, and tingling), delay progression, and improve the
quality of life of the patients. It is done with the help of a combination
of Ayurveda therapies, dietary management, and internal medications to
restore the balance in the body and treat neuropathy, which is due to
diabetes.
Specific Ayurveda medications, Panchakarma therapies, and local therapies
such as Kaya Seka, Abhyanga, Swedana, etc., are incorporated after
assessing the condition of the patient and the stage of the disease. These
modalities are proven to have marked improvement of the neuropathy
symptoms, thus being beneficial in DPN management.
Ayurveda Treatment Outcomes:
Symptom Relief: Reduction of symptoms like tingling, numbness, and pain
Disease Management: Prevent the progression and manage the root cause of
neuropathy such as diabetes.
Restoration of Function: Improvements in nerve function and sensation
Delay Progression: Delay the disease progression and prevent further
complications.
Ayurveda for Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage that occurs in people with diabetes,
which affects nerves all over the body, usually in the feet and legs, and
then spreads to other parts of the body. Common signs may include numbness,
tingling, burning sensations, and muscle weakness, which can become
sufficiently severe to cause mild discomfort, or even significant pain, and
disability. If not treated, complications include foot ulcers, infections,
and amputation. It can also affect other bodily functions and quality of
life.
Diabetic neuropathy can be prevented or controlled by proper diabetes
management with Panchakarma, medication, diet, and lifestyle changes.
Medications that improve nerve conduction, decrease pain, and reduce the
blood sugar level are prescribed. Abhyanga, udvartana, and vasti (enema),
etc., modalities are also incorporated in relieving symptoms after
assessing the condition of the patient and the stage of the disease. The
Ayurveda treatment approach is aimed at symptom cure and systemic balance
with the ultimate goal of root cause reversal.
Ayurvedic Treatment for Neuropathic Pain
Ayurveda focuses on reversing neuropathy symptoms and bringing back the
neurons to their original structure. The following treatment modalities are
utilised to reduce the pain, mitigate aggravated Vata, and prevent further
progression.
Panchakarma procedures like Vasti, Vamana, and Virechana to balance Vata
and Kapha dosha involved in the pathogenesis
Murdha Taila is a set of four oil-based treatments (overhead region) in
Ayurveda. Shiro abhyanga (oil therapy on the head), Shirodhara (continuous
oil streaming on the forehead), Shiro Basti (oil retention on the head),
and Shiro Pichu (medicated oil application over bregma) are these
treatments. They are designed to nourish the nervous system, improve
communication, reduce inflammation, increase circulation, and slow
neurological deterioration.
Local treatments such as Abhyanga (oil therapy), Swedana (steam therapy),
Lepam (paste applications), Pichu (warm medicated oil application), Kizhi
(herbal poultice), etc., are also adopted to stimulate nerve endings and
increase neurotransmitter activities.
Conclusion
Ayurvedic therapies for neuropathy stand out because we tackle the
condition beyond the symptoms. The treatment is focused on balancing the
body’s fundamental doshas (Vata and Kapha) and the actual root cause. The
treatment modalities offer comprehensive healing and nerve regeneration
support. As Ayurveda focuses on personalised treatment plans, based on the
body’s constitution, every patient is given targeted treatment for the best
results. More importantly, the combination of dietary modifications, yoga,
and stress management techniques with medicinal treatments provides a
healing environment that is sustainable and supports long-term nervous
system health and overall well-being.
II Even normal healthy ones will get into that status as aged
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Q3 What are some awesome mathematics tricks?
KR For persons who do not understand Maths it is a magic; for
those who can know or learnt, it is a laughing matter.
WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE BEHIND ALL THESE 7,11, AND 13 FACTORS ONLY BUT NOT
1-6,8-10 & 12 ETC?
There are simple rules for telling whether a number is divisible by 2, 3,
4, 5, and 6.
• A number is divisible by 2 if its last digit is divisible by 2.
• A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by
3.
• A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by its last two
digits is divisible by 4.
• A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is divisible by 5.
• A number is divisible by 6 if it is divisible by 2 and by 3.
• A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three
digits is divisible by 8.
• A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by
9.
• A number is divisible by 10 if its last digit is 0.
A number is divisible by 12 if it’s divisible by 3 and 4. (It matters here
that 3 and 4 are relatively prime. It’s not true, for example, that a
number is divisible by 12 if it’s divisible by 2 and 6.)
The heart of the method is that 7*11*13 = 1001.@ If I subtract a multiple
of 1001 from a number, I don’t change its divisibility by 7, 11, or 13.
More than that, I don’t change its remainder by 7, 11, or 13.
The steps in the method amount to adding or subtracting multiples of 1001
and dividing by 1000. The former doesn’t change the remainder by 7, 11, or
13, but the latter multiplies the remainder by −1, hence the alternating
sum. (1000 is congruent to -1 mod 7, mod 11, and mod 13.)
So not only can we test for divisibility by 7, 11, and 13 with this method,
we can also find the remainders by 7, 11, and 13. The original number and
the alternating sum are congruent mod 1001, so they are congruent mod 7,
mod 11, and mod 13.
@ 1001IS SAME AS A^3 MINUS 1
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Q4 Could you list some interesting facts about Latvia?
KR: IT’S A REPEAT AND WHY DO NOT CROSS THAT TERRITORY?
Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia are known as the Baltic states. The term
"Baltic" refers to the Baltic Sea and the languages spoken in these
countries.
The Baltic states are democracies that share a similar history and border
the Baltic Sea. The United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and NATO
have considered the Baltic states to be under Soviet occupation during the
Cold War. The Baltic states regained their independence from the Soviet
Union in the early 1990s. In 2004, the Baltic states joined the European
Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Proud, compact, beautiful, distinctive and thriving – Estonia,
Latvia and Lithuania, the three Baltic states –comprise a unique travel
destination. Not so long ago they were small, somewhat backward provinces
in the Soviet empire, cultural and geographical afterthoughts.
Now, a generation and a half later, they are modern, glistening green gems
of the European Union, fully established members of the Western world and
delightful small countries for travelers seeking antidotes to the teeming
hordes of Europe’s big-name destinations.
It’s hard to think of any part of the world that reversed course as quickly
as these three lands after throwing off their Soviet shackles in 1991.
Today, all three countries boast highly digitized economies, well-educated
populations, superb health care and public services – and deep reverence
for the centuries of history and heritage that led to their long-sought
freedom more than three decades ago.
Baltic peoples now wryly point out that only the imperial accident of
Russian (followed by Soviet) domination links the three countries. Latvians
and Lithuanians are distantly related, but Estonians are not. These peoples
coexisted for centuries, like Austrians and Hungarians.
True independence for the three countries first came in 1918 during the
collapse of Czarist Russia, but this short-lived freedom was swallowed by
World War II, followed by Stalinist rule, and was restored only after the
dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990.
Gediminas Avenue and Cathedral square and belfry in the historical center
of old town of Vilnius, Lithuania/Getty Images
The three Baltic states earned what they had wanted all along: full
participation in the Western world in all its colorful facets. This means
high-quality modern jazz concerts in in tree-lined squares in Latvia’s
capital, Riga (pictured in photo across the top).
It means near-universal internet access. It means astounding economic
success: All three countries rank in the top 40 on the U.N.’s Index of
Human Development. And it means cultural sophistication equal to dozens of
other small countries that have been on their own for hundreds of years.
“They say it’s really big. And free as a bird.” She spreads her arms to
simulate the wide sky, which is just as big in this part of the world. But
the Baltic states share with Texas an intense identity and fierce
self-determination.
Which Silversea ship visits the Baltic States?
Silver Dawn, a 596-guest ultra-luxury ship made its debut in April 2022. It
is the 10th ship in the Silversea fleet. It also features the S.A.L.T.
program, a culinary program that opens the world to guests through cuisines
of the ports it visits, drinks that reflect those regions, opportunities to
learn more about history in a tasteful way.
What should I pack for a Baltic voyage?
You might get a sunny day at the beach or a dreary day, so be prepared for
either on a Baltic Sea voyage./Getty Images
Baltic weather is famously temperamental but widely misunderstood. Summer
cruise season brings languid, long, sunny days with highs from 70 to 80 and
cool nights during which a light sweater or jacket is helpful.
Bring rain gear, sweaters and fleece… and shorts, sun dresses, sunglasses
and swimsuits (more on that below). Linens, if you have such, are the ideal
fabrics for a Baltic cruise. Foul-weather expedition clothing will be
provided, if needed, by excursion operators for those heading out to kayak
or hike the woodlands.
Vilnius, Lithuania, as well as its counterparts Estonia and Latvia can be
rainy in summer, so pack accordingly.
Are the countries really that small? It depends, of course, on your
perspective.
Europe is the world capital of small nation-states; think Monaco,
Liechtenstein, San Marino, Andorra, Montenegro and so on. By those
standards, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are medium-size.
Lithuania has 2.7 million people and ranks 35th among the 50 or so European
countries. Latvia, with 1.8 million, is 38th; Estonia, with 1.3 million, is
40th. By comparison, San Marino has 34,000 residents.
By size comparison, Lichtenstein is 62 square miles and Monaco .77 square
miles. Rhode Island, the smallest U.S. state, is 1,545 square miles.
If you added all three Baltic States together, you’d get just under 6
million people—about the same as Wisconsin. The three nations’ 67,676
square miles is slightly smaller than Missouri.
What’s the European geographic commonality that the Baltic States lack?
All but 10 of the 50 European countries include mountains (or at least,
topographic rises above 2,000 feet, or 600 meters). The 10: Netherlands,
Luxembourg, Denmark, Belarus, Monaco, Malta, Moldova and Estonia, Latvia
and Lithuania.
The high point in Estonia is Great Egg Hill, or Suur Munamägi, at 1,043
feet, which is about 27 feet taller than the Shard in London. The tallest
in Lithuania is a set of three hills just under 1,000 feet. Latvia’s
Gaising is 1,024 feet.
How can we keep from singing?
The Baltic Chain, also known as the Baltic Way, was a powerful step toward
the independence for the three countries. Protesters joined hand, mile
after mile, from Tallinn, Estonia, to Vilnius, Lithuania./Wikimedia Commons
photo by Kusurija
Suppose they called a revolution, and everyone broke out in song.
Sounds like a silly Hollywood movie, but that’s exactly what happened in
Estonia beginning in 1988. Popular discontent with Soviet rule led a
composer to craft a set of protest songs celebrating Estonia’s heritage and
lost independence; the tunes became hits at an annual music festival and
eventually drew hundreds of thousands of people to public song gatherings.
The idea of singing for change quickly spread to Latvia and Lithuania, and
a year later the “Baltic chain” saw 2 million people link hands from
Tallinn to Vilnius, Lithuania’s capital. Large groups of ordinary citizens
blocked Soviet troops from seizing Tallinn’s radio/TV tower, and by 1991
all three countries had declared their independence from Moscow and
installed democratic governments.
What’s that strange slice of land between Lithuania and Poland? Kaliningrad
is an enclave — a geographically isolated outpost of another country —
that’s still part of Russia. It has no land connection to its homeland.
The Baltic trio is the most successful of the erstwhile communist nations
to have joined the EU — a conclusion buttressed in July 2024 when Estonia’s
prime minister Kaja Kallas was selected to become the EU’s foreign
minister, one of the highest offices in Europe.
Fervently opposed to Russian expansionism — her grandfather fought in the
1918-1920 war of independence — Kallas was added to a Russian arrest list
in early 2024 because the Estonian government removed some Stalinist
monuments.
Is it really light at midnight?
Summer light lingers in Latvia in this photo from a mid-July evening.
At midsummer, daylight dims in the northwest sky around 11 p.m. and begins
to brighten again around 2 a.m. June through August. Nights are short and
days are long, blissful episodes of clear amber light, with just a distant
hint of indigo in the northeasterly firmament.
The Baltic entryway, the Oresund strait that separates Denmark and Sweden,
is narrow, so there’s little water exchange between the sea and open ocean.
This means the water hosts oceanic species such as herring but is much
“lighter” in feel than open ocean water. Mediterranean salinity approaches
4 percent; the Dead Sea is 33 percent; and the world’s oceans average 3.5
percent.
This is far, far north. So why are there beach resorts all along the Baltic
shore?
The Baltic’s shallow waters warm wonderfully in the long summer days that
bathe the land in sunshine four months of the year. Average water
temperatures at beaches near Riga can reach 68 degrees Fahrenheit in July
and August.
Old Town at sunrise in Klaipeda, Lithuania, a summer escape
The summer hotels lining the shore west of Riga at Jurmala and at Klaipeda
reflect something else. During Russian and Soviet empire days, these were
much-sought summer getaways. A few grand old hotels have survived the
turmoil of the past century and provide a glimpse into Gilded Age glamour;
more recent mid-century lodgings are less imposing but escaped the
Brutalist architecture madness of Soviet days.
Flowers market in Estonia’s old town Tallinn on a summer evening
Tallinn, especially, is considered one of the best-kept medieval old towns
in all of Europe. A wonderful hilltop cathedral offers sensational views of
the ancient streets below and of the sparkling Baltic in the distance.
Klaipeda and Riga are set along charming riverbanks with broad promenades
on either side.
All three cities contain brightly painted centuries-old palaces and church
buildings bound by stone-paved plazas.
All three are walkable, pleasant and safe. You may be wandering Riga’s old
town of a summer evening and come upon an open-air concert by a superb scat
singer who’s a devotee of Ella Fitzgerald.
And outside the cities?
The Curonian Spit in Lithuania is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Little ferries take beachgoers from central Klaipeda to nearby Curonian
Spit National Park, a memorable strand of tall sand dunes fronting the sea.
Pack your swimsuit. The beaches west of Riga are pleasant flat strands of
honey-coloured sand washed by calm, balmy waters.
The Baltic countryside is a gorgeous landscape of rolling fields braced by
boreal forests of pine and birch. Fireweed sends fuchsia spires skyward
while ancient oaks line quiet streets in tiny rural towns. Tall towers at
old farmsteads provide stork-nesting platforms.
In Estonia, most small towns have a park with massive wooden swings unique
to this country; teenagers try mightily to send the swings in a 360-degree
circuit, but visitors settle for less adventuresome rides.
This Baltic tradition consists of steaming oneself in a tile- and
pine-lined, wood-fired chamber, followed by (somewhat) gentle thrashing
with birch branches. The saunas approach 200 degrees F, and the
branch-beating yields a profound sense of mellow wellness.
In Riga, a memorial to the Latvian Riflemen, who fought against the Germans
in World War I
Understanding European demography and history is more daunting than quantum
mechanics. As in all the rest of Europe, migrating tribes and languages
have sometimes represented, sometimes conflicted with, ruling systems and
national boundaries. Some places have been independent countries and then
not, half a dozen times. The Baltic states typify this tortuous history.
“War, then war, then a war. Then one day of peace. Then invasion and
conquest,” Estonian guide Stein-Erik tells us on a day trip through the
Latvian and Estonian countryside. “Then two days of independence.
Then—guess what? Yes, war again. Then some more war.” That’s why the
Baltic peoples fiercely guard their freedom and 21st century peace. All
three joined the EU and NATO as soon as they could in 2004.
What is Baltic?
The Night of Ancient Bonfires takes place the last Saturday of August and
celebrates the end of summer. Bonfires and signal fires are set in hundreds
of places around the Baltic coast. Encyclopaedia Britannica recognizes 160
culturally distinct historic groups in Europe. Estonians, Latvians and
Lithuanians are among them, and their ancestors have been here at least a
thousand years or more — often much more. Estonians are “Uralic” and
represent a people who probably originated in the middle of Russia.
Latvians and Lithuanians are cousins (though their languages are not
mutually intelligible) representing the descendants of various tribes that
first arrived here thousands of years ago. Since then, injections of
Viking, Germanic, Danish, Russian and Polish peoples have accompanied
invasions and takeovers by innumerable outside powers. But through all the
centuries, each land has retained its identity. If you inquire in Finland
about the Finnish language, which is difficult and distinctive, they’ll
tell you it’s unlike any other in the world.
“Sprat” applies to the small baitfish of various types common in Baltic
waters, including herring, sardines and so on. It may seem déclassé
compared with lobster thermidor, say, but fresh herring lightly braised is
as good as any seafood on Earth — and superbly good for you: They contain
heart-healthy Omega-3 fatty acids, thought to be beneficial for long-term
cognitive health.
Salmon is the other Baltic standard seafood; it comes from Sweden and
Norway, which are close: 290 miles from Riga to Stockholm, less than Los
Angeles to San Francisco. Baltic salmon are usually farm raised and are by
species Atlantic salmon. They’re delicious, wild or not.
You say potato, they say…potato
I once had, in a Riga restaurant, a meal that included potatoes prepared
five ways: roasted, steamed, au gratin, fried and boiled. Yes, really. All
five were different and very good.
And then there’s the old Soviet-era Latvian joke about potatoes.
Q: What did one potato say to the other?
A: Ridiculous premise. Who has two potatoes?
Cold beet soup is a delightful Latvian summer specialty, served with sour
cream. And in Tallinn, look for herring tartare (Baltic sashimi) with
mayonnaise. You won’t find that just anywhere.
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K RAJARAM IRS 29125
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Q5 Why aren’t dingos just called dogs?
Kr: Dingoes can make loving and loyal companions if cared for
in the right way. However, it is common for people to underestimate what it
takes to properly care for a pet dingo. It is more time consuming,
expensive and harder than caring for a dog. Because of this, many owners
end up surrendering their dingoes. The dingo has been given its own species
status, recognising that it is not descended from dogs or wolves. WHEN THE
FIRST Australian governor, Arthur Phillip, landed on Australian shores in
1788 he documented the first written physical description of the dingo.
Dingoes are generally a non-aggressive species, but have been known to
attack humans, pets and livestock. While they are naturally wary and timid
around people and will more often than not run away if they sense people
approaching, there have been recorded negative interactions between this
wild dog species and humans. They're opportunistic hunters, but will also
scavenge food. The bulk of their diet is made up of meat: they eat
kangaroos, wallabies, feral pigs, wombats, small mammals (rabbits,
rodents), birds and lizards.
Two children have been bitten by dingoes in separate incidents at
Lake McKenzie (Boorangoora), a freshwater swimming area on K'gari, since
Thursday. Two other people were attacked by dingoes a week beforehand,
making for four high-risk interactions in a week Dingoes tend to bond well
with children and women. well with strangers and dogs in public settings
like dog parks. As highly intelligent animals, dingoes easily distinguish
between 'friends' and 'food'. Their game drive does not make them
inherently unpredictable or dangerous towards people. Dingoes can bark but
do so very rarely. A dingo bark tends to be one sharp bark rather than a
series of ongoing yaps. A sharp, low-pitched “woof” is often used as a
warning sound when under threat of predators. Mothers will use this sound
to call cubs back to the den if she suspects danger is approaching. Dingoes
need their bonded humans, other pets and familiar surroundings for their
lifetime. They cannot be successfully be boarded out, or re-homed. Your
commitment must therefore be seriously considered, as it will span for the
life of your dingo, which may well be 18 years.
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K Rajaram IRS 29125
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