TidBITS#638/15-Jul-02
=====================
Do you cringe when email arrives with garish colors and graphics?
Wish you could use grep pattern matching when searching your
email? Follow along with William Porter as he reviews Mailsmith,
Bare Bones Software's powerful email client. Also on the email
front, Adam continues to focus on the issue of overzealous
server-side content filtering. We also note the releases of a
Mac OS X security update and FileMaker Pro 6, and ask how much
spam you receive.
Topics:
MailBITS/15-Jul-02
Content Filtering Exposed
Mailsmith 1.5: Lean, Mean Email Machine
<http://www.tidbits.com/tb-issues/TidBITS-638.html>
<ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/issues/2002/TidBITS#638_15-Jul-02.etx>
Copyright 2002 TidBITS Electronic Publishing. All rights reserved.
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---------------------------------------------------------------
MailBITS/15-Jul-02
------------------
**Security Update 7-12-02 Fixes Software Update** -- Apple has
released Security Update 7-12-02 to fix a recently reported
problem with Mac OS X's Software Update utility. Software Update
1.4.6 eliminates concern over an attacker setting up a machine to
masquerade as the Software Update server swscan.apple.com and
deliver malicious programs in the guise of legitimate updates.
Although Software Update 1.4.6 still relies on the same server,
Apple is now cryptographically signing all downloads, and Software
Update installs _only_ downloads that Apple has signed, a
capability that has been available in the Mac OS 9 version of
Software Update for some time. Downloads that lack a valid
signature are deleted. The 2.3 MB Security Update 7-12-02 is
available via Software Update itself or as a separate 844K
download. [ACE]
<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=75304>
<http://www.cunap.com/%7Ehardingr/projects/osx/exploit.html>
<http://www.apple.com/support/security/security_updates.html>
**FileMaker Pro 6 Released** -- FileMaker, Inc. has begun shipping
FileMaker Pro 6, the latest version of the company's database
software. New in this evolutionary release is the capability to
import large batches of images easily, or under Mac OS X, to
import images directly from digital cameras. The other significant
addition is XML (eXtensible Markup Language) support, providing
a common lingo for importing and exporting data with other
applications. Shortly after the initial release, FileMaker made
a 6.0v2 update available for download to fix a few bugs related to
importing and exporting XML. FileMaker 6 costs $300, with upgrades
priced at $150. FileMaker Pro Unlimited, which can publish
databases on the Web to an unlimited number of users, is available
for $1,000, with upgrades from FileMaker Pro 5 or 5.5 at $500.
[JLC]
<http://www.filemaker.com/products/fm_home.html>
<http://www.filemaker.com/support/updaters.html#fm60v2>
Content Filtering Exposed
-------------------------
by Adam C. Engst <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Geoff's article "Email Filtering: Killing the Killer App" in
TidBITS-637_ struck some chords. Not surprisingly, the volume of
messages to TidBITS Talk exploded, and I struggled to direct
messages into appropriate threads. We received a number of reprint
requests (including one to post to the Investigative Journalists
and Editors mailing list) and were contacted by other publications
(including the New York Times) about the subject. David Strom ran
with the topic in his Web Informant column, and I was a guest on
David Lawrence's Online Tonight radio show on Wednesday to talk
about it (there's a streaming version available if you'd like to
listen to the conversation).
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=06866>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=1679+1680+1681+1682+1683>
<http://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/15/technology/15SPAM.html>
<http://strom.com/awards/293.html>
<http://www.online-tonight.com/archives/000655.html>
It's certainly gratifying to see that we can raise awareness of
problems like this to such an extent, but the real story is that
we're coming up on a critical tipping point for email. The
mushrooming volume of spam has caused the value and utility of
email to drop significantly for many people already, and the way
overzealous server-side content filtering makes email unreliable
stands only to worsen the very problem it's attempting to fix.
Spam seeks to fill your mailbox, and poorly targeted content
filtering, in attempting to prevent the spam from passing through
your mail server, can block many of the messages you want to
receive. Both hurt the utility of email. Making the problem even
worse is that many people (such as Mac.com users - see the
discussion Dan Frakes started on MacInTouch on the topic) don't
even realize that such content filtering is taking place, so
they may never realize that legitimate messages are going missing.
<http://www.macintouch.com/applemailfiltering.html>
**Collateral Spammage 2002** -- There may be no way to determine
what percentage of mail servers have some sort of content
filtering in place, but I think this is a good occasion to reprise
our poll from two years ago asking how much spam you receive each
week. When I went back to check that poll's results, I was shocked
to see that the answer at the highest end of the range was "more
than 71 spams per week." I'm receiving almost that many per day
now! That's 25 percent of my mail! So please, visit our home page
and tell us how many spams you're receiving per week these days so
we can all see how much worse the problem has gotten over the last
two years.
<http://www.tidbits.com/>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=05929>
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbpoll=39>
**Clarifications and Effects** -- Although many people instantly
understood what the effect of an overzealous server-side content
filter could be, it wasn't entirely clear to all. First off, I
want to make it clear that our concerns with content filtering in
no way mean that we're in favor of spam. As far as we're
concerned, spam is the scourge of the Internet, and we've devoted
far more time, energy, and money in fighting spam than almost any
small business. Similarly, the fact that we're opposed to
erroneous content filtering doesn't mean we're opposed to spam
filtering in general, whether it's performed at the server or in
users' email programs. There are many ways of blocking spam and
rampant PC worms at the server that don't rely on arbitrary
content filtering. We employ server-side filters ourselves, but
we take pains to minimize the likelihood that our filtering will
cause problems for legitimate senders, and whenever we find that
it has done so, we work to help address the problem.
Second, since Geoff focussed on the effect that server-side
content filtering was having on our attempts to deliver TidBITS
issues to our subscribers, many people didn't put it together that
this sort of content filtering applies to _all_ email messages,
not just those coming from mailing lists or email publications
like TidBITS. The size of our mailing list means we notice the
problem sooner and suffer more than individuals will, but email
messages sent from individual to individual cannot escape the
effects of poorly written server-side content filters. The lost
mail may not be a big deal, or it might be exceedingly important
personal news or critical business communication. Neither the
sender nor the recipient have any way of knowing. To paraphrase
John Donne, never send to know for whom the content filters toll;
they toll for thee.
Third and finally, a common theme among the messages we received
was that losing some legitimate messages was worth the reduction
in spam thanks to content filtering. Obviously, I can't argue with
individual situations - it may be that your mail is sufficiently
unimportant that you don't care if some never arrives. More
generally, though, I feel that attitude is a tremendously slippery
slope. Spammers are parasites who will kill their host, but
treating the disease with content filtering is almost certain
to have the same effect. Just as we don't automatically treat
infections with amputation, neither should we automatically treat
spam with server-side content filters.
**Overall Practicalities** -- Last week, we suggested a few ways
you could get TidBITS even if your mail server refused to accept
an issue; this week, let me suggest a few ways we can work
together to address the problem of bad content filtering.
Contact your ISP or network administrator and ask them point blank
if they are performing content filtering on your email, being
clear to distinguish from general spam filtering. If so, see if
they understand the consequences of those actions. Most likely
will, but may consider the loss of some legitimate mail an
acceptable trade-off. If they persist in that belief, ask if
there's any way the content filtering can be turned off, at least
for your account if not every account. I doubt most will respond
to a single person complaining, but if you can make the case
(often a business case) to other users affected by the content
filters, the groundswell might be sufficient to get content
filtering removed. As an alternative approach, you might suggest
they modify the system so messages caught by content filters are
merely quarantined, rather than being deleted, so users at least
have the opportunity to recover important messages that ran afoul
of the content filters. (The downside of the quarantine approach
is that it makes checking email more difficult for the user, thus
potentially _increasing_ the cost of dealing with spam.)
If all else fails, I would encourage you to find another ISP or
mail host that does not perform content filtering (or at least
lets you control what happens to matched messages). Be sure to
convey your reasons for switching ISPs to the customer service
department at the old ISP so they understand how the lack of
reasonable filtering policies negatively affects their business
too. Obviously, if you're dealing with your company's network
administrator, there's no way to switch, but it will probably be
easier to make a business case to management about the effect
of legitimate mail being deleted.
Once you've established that all the messages that should reach
you are coming through, the next step is to manage them
effectively on your machine. TidBITS Talk participants have
contributed a number of suggestions for how they manage their
spam, and for those of you who are Macworld subscribers, check the
August issue (not yet on the Web) for my article on stopping spam.
<http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tlkthrd=1684>
The core problem is, of course, spam itself, and the Internet
community will have to come together to address spam at a
fundamental level. There have been numerous proposals, ranging
from legislation (probably necessary at some level, but flawed in
its geographic scope and enforcement provisions) to modifications
to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) that delivers every
message to its intended recipient. Other efforts focus on plugging
the economic loophole that spam exploits; ensuring that spam
doesn't pay would certainly take a bite out of the spam load. Most
likely, we'll need a combination of approaches, and the urgency of
developing them increases daily.
Mailsmith 1.5: Lean, Mean Email Machine
---------------------------------------
by William Porter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
It's safe to assume that nearly everyone with Internet access uses
email, but you can't assume that everyone needs the same features
in an email client. Mailsmith, from Bare Bones Software, eschews
other programs' emphasis on making messages pretty (in fact, HTML
email is not supported), and instead focuses on making it easy and
powerful for you to create, store, and locate your messages.
Mailsmith 1.0, released in 1998, boasted a feature set that
compared favorably to its established big-league competition,
Microsoft's Outlook Express and Qualcomm's Eudora. And Mailsmith
had certain strengths that the competition couldn't match,
especially in searching and filtering. It was a great version 1.0.
Unfortunately, some impatient users (including yours truly) found
it unacceptably slow.
With the latest release of Mailsmith 1.5, my old gripe about
Mailsmith's performance has been eliminated. And as of version
1.5, Mailsmith is now a full-fledged Mac OS X application (it
can also run under Mac OS 9.) But Mailsmith 1.5 is more than an
optimized and carbonized version of Mailsmith 1.0.
<http://www.barebones.com/products/mailsmith.html>
**Mailsmith and Text** -- Mailsmith's older cousin and Bare Bones'
flagship product is BBEdit, in my mind the world's greatest plain
text editor. BBEdit is a perennial favorite with programmers, Web
developers, practitioners of the arcane art of grep, and anyone
else who needs to manipulate or process text in a serious way. In
keeping with its bloodline, Mailsmith is an email client with,
well, mind-bogglingly deep support for text processing in the
broadest sense.
Mailsmith's writing tools - and I'm talking here just about tools
that I personally use every day - include user-controlled text
wrapping and rewrapping, quoting and unquoting, adding or removing
line breaks, multiple clipboards, unlimited undos, support for
draft messages, a sort feature, and a find/replace tool that
includes full support for regular expressions (the aforementioned
grep). The fact that I can access all of these commands without
lifting my hands from the keyboard is a serious plus.
New in Mailsmith 1.5 is a glossary feature, very similar to
BBEdit's. A Mailsmith glossary can contain as much or as little
text as you like, and it can be inserted either from a floating
palette or by means of a user-defined keystroke. The glossary
feature is overkill if all you want to do is create shortcuts for
frequently typed words; something like TypeIt4Me is a much better
tool for that and works great with Mailsmith under Mac OS X. What
makes glossaries truly powerful is that, in addition to your
custom text, they can use placeholders to insert the current date
or time, or to control where the insertion point is placed after
the glossary item is entered, or what text is selected.
<http://www.typeit4me.com/>
**You've Got Mail - Lots of It** -- Mailsmith's greatest
strength lies in the tools it gives you for managing your mail
intelligently, a boon these days as spam continues to multiply.
First off, you want to file messages in logical locations.
Mailsmith of course lets you manually drag messages from one
mailbox to another or use the contextual menu's Move to Mailbox
command, but there is a much better way: filters. Set up the right
filters and you will seldom have to worry about moving messages
around by hand. Messages from Mom can end up in the your Family
mailbox, or messages from your top client can appear in his
specific box and flagged as important. An example of a traditional
filter - written out as text - might look like this:
IF "From" CONTAINS "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" THEN
TRANSFER TO MAILBOX "TidBITS"
Filtering is to email what formatting by styles is to word
processing, namely, the single most useful task that the program
can perform for you. And no program gives you more or better ways
to create and use filters than Mailsmith. Mailsmith actually
provides three distinct ways to approach the problem of filtering:
basic filters, traditional filters, and distributed filters.
You can use Mailsmith's filters in the standard way, to transfer
incoming messages directly into the mailboxes where they belong.
Considering Bare Bones's reputation for catering to code-it-
yourselfers, it may come as a surprise that Mailsmith 1.5 offers
an innovation aimed equally at technophobes and at those for whom
convenience trumps all other considerations. In Mailsmith 1.5,
when you create a new mailbox, you are immediately asked if you
would like to create a basic filter to route messages into that
mailbox, and if so, what criteria the message must meet. If you
had just created a mailbox for your most important client, for
example, you might tell Mailsmith to transfer to that mailbox
messages whose From header line contains the email address
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (It's easy to tell where your new mail goes:
mailboxes with unread messages are highlighted, and they display
the number of unread messages.) Additionally, you can ask
Mailsmith to notify you ("Mail from your top client has
arrived!"), or play a sound, or perform one or two other simple
actions. Setting up a filter this way is quick and couldn't be
easier, in part because the user does not have to specify the an
action transferring mail to the target mailbox, and in part
because the number of actions available is intentionally limited
to common filtering actions.
On the other hand, if you are up to the challenge, Mailsmith also
includes options for its traditional filters that run circles
around the competition. In Mailsmith, unlike in Eudora, filters
can have an unlimited number of test criteria and actions; and you
can give your filters custom names, making it easier to manage
them intelligently. And unlike Entourage, Mailsmith filters can
use tests with simple logical branching: if (a or b) and (x or y).
You can test to see if "any address" matches a particular string,
which allows you to use the same filter to catch incoming and
outgoing correspondence, say, with a particular client. And
finally, you can use regular expressions (grep) to test for
text patterns in the subject, headers, or body of messages,
which means the sky's the limit.
I would have stopped at running rings around the competition,
but Bare Bones did not. There's a third approach: distributed
filtering, which is not just a better way to make filters, it
takes the whole idea of filtering to a new level. Distributed
filters can be attached to any mailbox, and are then triggered as
messages percolate through your hierarchy. A single distributed
filter can be attached to several different mailboxes and have a
slightly different effect in each location, due to changes in the
context. I now use distributed filters to process my mail
entirely, from the moment it comes in, to the moment it gets
deleted; the only thing these distributed filters can't do is
read the mail for me.
Distributed filters are much more powerful and flexible than
traditional filters, yet at the same time, they are actually
easier to set up and troubleshoot. The only catch is that
distributed filters are so original that it's hard for new
users to grasp the idea at first. I'll cover them in more
detail in an upcoming issue.
My only gripe with Mailsmith's filters is that there's no link
between filtering tests and the address book. In some other
programs, you can test to see if an incoming message is from
someone whose email address is in the address book, or who belongs
to a mail group. Mailsmith does not provide filtering tests that
let you do this.
If half of managing your email is getting messages filed in the
right mailboxes, the other half is being able to find those
messages later. Like several other programs, Mailsmith provides
both simple and advanced query options. The Advanced Query
definition dialog is identical to the one used to define filters
and gives you access to the same extraordinary range of options.
In just a second or two, you can find all messages to or from a
particular person, or sent within a certain date range. And once
again, you can use regular expressions in these advanced queries.
I use Mailsmith's advanced queries all the time and couldn't
imagine life without them. I have only two complaints. One is that
Mailsmith does not let you search in several different mailboxes
at the same level of the hierarchy at the same time, as you can
in Eudora. (You can search inside a parent mailbox and its
children, just not in a mailbox and one of its siblings.) My
other wish is that you could save queries, another feature
that's available in Eudora.
But that's not all. New in Mailsmith 1.5.3 is support for
Sherlock-style searching that ranks found messages by how
relevant they are to your search terms. Where you'd use
Mailsmith's standard searching tools for finding messages that
come from a specific person or within a specific date range,
the Find Messages About dialog lets you search your entire
collection for messages related to your search terms, a much
fuzzier approach that's a godsend when you can't remember an
appropriate keyword in the messages you hope to find.
**Tyrannosaurus Regex** -- For years, I pooh-poohed the idea of
searching based on patterns of text, generally called regular
expressions, also known as regex or grep. When users of BBEdit and
Nisus Writer tried to tell me how useful regular expressions could
be, I laughed - but it was a hollow, nervous laugh. The truth is,
I had taken a peek at grep and found it rather scary. Now I'm
hooked, and my addiction has a lot to do with my desire to make
the most of Mailsmith's strengths.
Say you want to search for my company's name in the body of
messages in a given mailbox, but you can't remember whether it's
spelled Polytrope, Pollytrope, Polutrope, or Poletrope. You could
perform the search four times, changing the search string slightly
each time, or, if you knew just a tiny bit about regex, you could
search once for this regex string:
pol+.trope
This string matches any of the four possibilities I gave. Note
that coming up with this search pattern does not require a
computer science degree. The plus sign (+) and the period (.)
are among the most common replacement symbols used in regex.
The plug sign means "possibly more than one of the preceding
character," and the period means "one of any character."
Regex is also useful in building filters. One of the simplest and
most effective tests for spam is this regex :
IF "Subject" MATCHES REGEX PATTERN " +"
That's two spaces and a plus sign. It simply looks for strings of
two or more blank spaces in the subjects of incoming messages. I
just ran this particular test on my main mailbox and found 90
messages; only four of them were not marketing messages or
downright spam. [Searching for more spaces would probably make
this filter less likely to catch legitimate messages. -Adam]
Knowing even a tiny bit about regex is immediately useful. Knowing
more than a tiny bit means you'll be using it everywhere. How do
you learn? The Mailsmith documentation will take you through the
basics and then some, although it's short on examples that make
sense in the context of an email program. The Mailsmith Talk and
BBEdit Talk mailing lists are both frequented by folks who use
regex to edit their weekly grocery lists and are helpful to new
users. Also useful is the Web site Steve Ramsay's Guide to Regular
Expressions. And if the bug bites you, you'll want to get Jeffrey
Friedl's book Mastering Regular Expressions, Second Edition,
published by O'Reilly and Associates.
<http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/helpsheets/regex.html>
<http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0596002890/tidbitselectro00/>
**Have It Your Way** -- In the best Macintosh tradition (and in
striking contrast to Apple's Mac OS X Mail), Mailsmith is
extraordinarily customizable. You can assign a keystroke to almost
every command in the Mailsmith menu, something that power users
will love.
Then there's AppleScript. AppleScript can control almost every
aspect of Mailsmith and also interact with other applications. And
Mailsmith is not just scriptable, it's recordable. This means that
you can write a script - or at least get a draft version of a
script - by turning recording on, then performing a series of
actions in Mailsmith. You may have to do some editing afterwards,
but recording is often a great way to great a simple script
started, and it's a boon to AppleScript amateurs like myself.
Mailsmith is also one of the few Mac OS X applications that
are AppleScript-attachable, which means you can link a script
to a Mailsmith menu item so the script runs when you select
that command.
**Miscellaneous Topics** -- A few things seem worth mentioning but
don't fit into the larger topics above.
Nothing in Mailsmith better deserves to be described as "bare
bones" than the address book. Even Mailsmith adepts admit in
private that it might be nice to be able to sort by last names or
to have a category field for organizing address book entries. I
won't mind if Bare Bones tinkers with the address book in a future
release, but I don't want them to "improve" it too much. I keep
my fuller contact information in an application of my own which
interacts nicely with Mailsmith and OmniWeb under Mac OS X.
Mailsmith stores messages in individual mailboxes, not the single
huge database file favored by the Microsoft email clients or
PowerMail. Now it appears that Mailsmith examines every mailbox
when it starts up, and this scan seems to change each mailbox
file's modified date; so unfortunately, a backup program like
Retrospect which looks at modified dates will want to back up all
the mailboxes every time, regardless of whether or not they have
actually received new messages. Even so, storing your messages
in many database files does avoid putting all your eggs in one
basket.
Mailsmith 1.5 provides built-in support for SpamCop, a spam
reporting service. This feature doesn't help you deal with spam
that you have received or are destined to receive - you use
filters for that - but it does improve the ecosystem by making
life more difficult for spammers. A SpamCop reporting account
is free; the Mailsmith documentation explains how to configure
Mailsmith for use with SpamCop.
<http://www.spamcop.net/>
**So What's Not to Like?** Mailsmith is as good as I claim, for
both ordinary users and power users. But that doesn't mean it's
for everybody. Mailsmith does not support IMAP, a type of email
account that some people must use or may prefer over standard POP.
And then there's the shocking fact that Mailsmith does not handle
HTML. Mailsmith has been designed by people who believe that email
should be plain text, for users who believe the same thing. The
person most likely to love Mailsmith is someone who likes his
email neat: no ice, no soda, no cute little umbrellas. And for
heaven's sake, no HTML!
Personally, Mailsmith 1.5 handles HTML as well as I like. If an
incoming HTML message is properly formatted, Mailsmith generally
does a good job of extracting the raw content and displaying it.
If you insist on having the message dance at your table in all its
painted and tattooed HTML glory, simply double-click on the HTML
enclosure to view it in your browser.
I should mention in this context that Mailsmith 1.5 does use
QuickTime translation and playback view images and movies without
opening another application (though in a window separate from the
incoming message that contains the movie or graphic). This is a
service provided by the operating system itself, so it makes sense
to take advantage of it.
Also, Mailsmith's server management options seem to have been
designed more for safety than user convenience. You can tell
Mailsmith to leave messages for one account on the server but
delete messages for another account as soon as they have been
downloaded. However, you cannot tell Mailsmith to delete mail on
a server after a specified number of days. However, the easy-to-
use POP Monitor does let view messages on the server and delete
or download them individually.
**Summing Up** -- Should you adopt Mailsmith as your new email
client?
The answer will be an easy no for users who aren't using either
Mac OS 9 or Mac OS X 10.1 or later, who require IMAP, or who want
to compose email in double-byte languages like Chinese or Arabic
(which Mailsmith does not support). Some other users may find
Mailsmith's user interface simply too austere.
Otherwise, you may want to do yourself a favor and take a close
look at Mailsmith. Its combination of powerful editing features,
innovative filtering tools, comprehensive support for AppleScript,
straightforward interface, and the extraordinary degree to which
you can customize it, makes it very hard to resist. It won't be
right for everybody, but in my judgment, for most users, Mailsmith
may be the best email client for the Mac.
Mailsmith 1.5 normally costs $100, with $80 copies available for
academic users or those upgrading from another email program.
Upgrades from previous versions are $40. From 15-Jul-02 through
19-Jul-02, you can also take advantage of Bare Bones Software's
"Not-at-the-Show" special price of $80 plus a free BBEdit t-shirt.
If you want to try before you buy, you can download a fully
functional demo (8.4 MB) that works for 24 launches.
<https://store.barebones.com/MWNY2002.html>
<http://www.barebones.com/products/mailsmith/mailsmith-demo.html>
$$
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