It's mathematical in both frequency, and in phase (clock and channel input 
timing). Depending on relative cable lengths I suspect you can get lucky and 
see it always wander 1 count above 5 MHz instead of 1 count below 5 MHz. But 
you should not expect it to do both; that would be 2 counts; your counter is 
better than that.

/tvb (iPhone4)

On Jul 15, 2013, at 8:09 AM, Bob Stewart <[email protected]> wrote:

> In this case, I was using the 10MHz output from the GPSDO as the reference 
> and measuring the 5MHz output from the GPSDO.  So, even if the GPSDO is off 
> in frequency, the relationship between the 10MHz reference and the 5MHz 
> signal are mathematically fixed.  It just seemed strange to me that under 
> such a circumstance the final count would wander only in the minus direction. 
>  I expected either to see a solid 5.0000000, or to see it wandering between 
> 4.9999999 and 5.0000001.
> 
> Bob
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
>> ________________________________
>> From: Azelio Boriani <[email protected]>
>> To: Discussion of precise time and frequency measurement 
>> <[email protected]> 
>> Sent: Monday, July 15, 2013 4:47 AM
>> Subject: Re: [time-nuts] GPSDO - Does it work?
>> 
>> 
>> It is normal for a counter to have a +/- 1 count of wander. Then you
>> have to consider the reference for that counter. When you connect a
>> GPSDO on the input of a counter with its internal reference used as a
>> timing source, you are measuring that internal reference accuracy and
>> stability, not the GPSDO's one. To verify a new GPSDO it is necessary
>> to have another (know good) GPSDO or a Cs reference. Missing that, you
>> can use the PPS output of the GPS receiver but then an average process
>> is needed: say, a digital 'scope with the display persistence function
>> and... wait a lot of time (or use a high resolution TI counter and the
>> TimeLab software).
>> 
>> 
>> 
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